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INDONESIA
Jurnal Biodjati
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung
ISSN : 25481606     EISSN : 25414208     DOI : 10.15575/biodjati
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Earth & Planetary Sciences
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 482 Documents
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Assessing Coral Reef Health in Northern Waters of Penata Besar Island West Kalimantan Bariah, Anisah; Safitri, Ikha; Nurrahman, Yusuf Arief; Sofiana, Mega Sari Juane; Helena, Shifa; Faizal, Ibnu
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 9 No 2 (2024): November
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v9i2.38146

Abstract

Penata Besar Island is designated as one of the Coastal and Small Island Conservation Areas (KKP3K) in West Kalimantan, is a critical site for conserving coral reefs and reef fish. Currently, global climate change and anthropogenic activities have exacerbated coral reef bleaching worldwide. In the context of escalating global climate change and human-induced threats, this study evaluates the health condition of coral reefs in the northern waters of Penata Besar Island, Bengkayang Regency. An exploratory approach was employed, utilizing the Line Intercept Transect (LIT) method across four stations at two distinct depths (2-3 m and 5-6 m). The results revealed that coral cover varied with depth. At a depth of 2-3 m, live coral coverage was between 51.2% and 62.4%, classified as good, while at 5-6 m, coverage ranged from 30.4% to 49.4%, categorized as fair. Coral Massive (CM) was the predominant growth form observed. The diversity index (H') ranged from low to medium, the Evennes index (E) from medium to high, and the dominance index (C) was categorized as low. These findings highlight the varying health of coral reefs in different depths and provide a basis and essential insights for targeted conservation efforts.
Physiological and Anatomical Responses of Red onion (Allium cepa L.) to Drought Stress after Biofertilizer Application Lestari, Nurrisma Ika; Siswanti, Dwi Umi
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 9 No 2 (2024): November
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v9i2.38613

Abstract

Red onion (Allium cepa) is a plant that requires sufficient water and is susceptible to drought stress. The use of biofertilizer is employed because it contains microorganisms that enhance nutrient availability and assist plant growth under abiotic stress conditions. This study aims to analyze the physiological and anatomical responses of red onion bulbs following the application of biofertilizer under drought stress. The doses of biofertilizer used were 0; 10;15; and 20 L/ha with field capacity levels of 25; 50; 75 and 100%. The parameters tested were bulb diameter, reducing sugar content number of bulb layers, anatomy of root cortex thickness, anatomy of root metaxylem diam Red onion eter, and fresh weight of red onion roots. The method used in determining the level of reducing sugar is the Nelson-Somogyi method. The method used for preparing the red onion root specimens was the embedding method. The results showed that the largest red onion bulb diameter was obtained from treatment A1B2, without the addition of biofertilizer at 75% field capacity. Meanwhile, the highest reduced sugar content was found at a dose of 15 L/ha with 50% field capacity
Insect Diversity and Visitation Patterns on Nephelium ramboutan-ake in Mekarsari, Bogor Junaidi, Muhamad; Chikmawati, Tatik; Atmowidi, Tri; Djuita, Nina Ratna
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 10 No 2 (2025): November
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v10i2.34001

Abstract

Information on flower-visiting insects, especially pollinators of the pulasan plant (Nephelium ramboutan-ake), a species that tends to cross-pollinate, is essential for increasing fruit production. Unfortunately, there is minimal information on flower-visiting insects associated with pulasan. This research aimed to study the diversity and abundance of visiting insects on pulasan in the Mekarsari Fruit Garden, Bogor. Observations of insects were conducted using the fixed sample method, with samples taken every 20 minutes through direct observation from 06:00 am to 02:00 pm during the flowering period. Results showed that 24 insect species, belonging to 24 genera across six orders, visited the pulasan, with the order Diptera being the most dominant among the visiting insects. The potential insect species as pollinators of pulasan were Lathyrophthalmus sp. and Amata huebneri. Knowledge about flower-visiting insects plays an important role in the conservation of insects—especially pollinators—as well as the pulasan plant, a local species.
Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated From Digestive Tract of Broilers Treated with Fish Protein Hydrolysate Utarti, Esti; Utami, Eva Tyas; Sjaifullah, Achmad; Handayani, Wuryanti; Belkis, Malika; Medayani, Rani Dian
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 10 No 2 (2025): November
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v10i2.38422

Abstract

The composition of the feed plays a role in stimulating the activity of the microbiota in the gastrointestinal tract; therefore, the addition of fish protein hydrolysate (FPH) is suspected to influence the activity of microbiota, especially probiotics. Therefore, the presence of probiotics in the gastrointestinal tract affects the weight and quality of the broiler. This research aims to investigate the effect of administering fish protein hydrolysate as a dietary supplement on the composition of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), a potential probiotic candidate. This research was conducted in several stages, including the diversification of feeding broilers, the isolation and purification of LAB from the caecum and small intestine, primary characteristics, pathogenicity tests, and biochemical identification of LAB. Feed diversification was conducted by supplementing diets with 1%, 1.5%, and 2% FPH in 20-day-old for 7 days.. LAB from the small intestine and caecum samples were isolated on MRSA media by adding CaCO3. The Gram test, catalase test, and endospore staining test were carried out to characterize the suspected LAB primarily. The pathogenicity test was conducted by inoculating LAB on blood agar medium. Furthermore, biochemical tests are carried out using the KB020 kit. The results showed that the highest population of LAB in the small intestine (1.57 × 108 CFU/mL) was observed with 2% FPH supplementation. In comparison, the caecum yielded the highest population (1.22 × 108 CFU/mL) under 1.5% FPH. Giving 2% FPH  to broiler chicken feed provides a weight gain of 1.021 kg/head. The primary characteristics of the eight bacterial colony isolates suspected of being LAB were Gram-positive, catalase-negative, and did not form endospores. Eight LAB isolates of probiotic candidates were non-pathogenic as indicated by the occurrence of α-hemolysis and γ-hemolysis. Biochemical identification of probiotic candidates yielded four types of Lactobacillus, namely L. mucosae, L. frumenti, L. sanfranciscensis, and L. ferintoshensis. These LAB strains show promising probiotic potential for use as a feed additive in the broiler production system.
Ethnobotanical Study of Medicinal Plants Among the Paser Telake Tribe in Pinang Jatus Village, East Kalimantan, Indonesia Rani, Frederika Erwina; Kustiawan, Paula Mariana
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 10 No 2 (2025): November
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v10i2.44514

Abstract

Ethnobotany is an interdisciplinary field that explores the relationship between humans and plants, particularly in the context of traditional medicinal practices. In many rural and indigenous communities, traditional knowledge of medicinal plants remains essential for primary healthcare, especially where access to modern medical services is limited. Pinang Jatus Village, Paser District, East Kalimantan Province, is one such community where ethnobotanical practices continue to play a significant role in daily life. However, the specific plants used, methods of preparation, and ailments treated have not been systematically documented. This study aimed to identify the types of medicinal plants used by the residents of Pinang Jatus Village, the traditional methods of preparation, and the diseases commonly treated with these plants. A quantitative and descriptive research approach was applied, using purposive and snowball sampling techniques to select 30 informants. The study employed a qualitative framework through in-depth interviews, complemented by quantitative analyses using the Use Value (UV), Informant Consensus Factor (ICF), and Fidelity Level (FL) measures. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. The study identified 24 plant species used for medicinal purposes, with the Asteraceae family being the most dominant. The most commonly utilized plant parts were leaves, followed by roots and seeds. The findings demonstrate that the community possesses rich ethnobotanical knowledge and continues to rely on a diverse range of plant species for traditional healing. These results not only fulfill the study’s objectives but also emphasize the importance of preserving traditional knowledge and highlight the potential for future pharmacological research based on these local practices.
Effects of Herring Fillets and By-Products on Protein Digestibility, Hematology, and Blood Biochemistry in Rats Olaoluwa Temitope Talabi; Sunday Oyewole Oyedemi; Oluwasanmi Anuoluwapo Adeyemi; Olugbenga Adebawo; Odutola Osilesi; Funmilayo Onajobi
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 10 No 2 (2025): November
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v10i2.45391

Abstract

Protein bioavailability and digestibility are critical for animal growth and health and are influenced by source and processing methods. This study investigated the effects of diets incorporating processed Clupea harengus (herring) fillets and by-products (heads, bones, viscera) prepared by charcoal, wood, or poaching on growth performance, protein quality, hematology, and blood biochemistry in Wistar rats. Forty rats were randomly allocated to eight dietary groups: charcoal-smoked fillet (CSFBD), wood-smoked fillet (WSFBD), poached fillet (PFD), charcoal-smoked by-products (CSHB), wood-smoked by-products (WSHB), poached by-products (PSF), soybean-based positive control, and basal negative control. Diets were fed for 28 days. Smoked by-product diets (CSHB and WSHB) produced significantly higher final body weights (120.86 ± 0.68 g and 105.52 ± 19.94 g) and weight gains (9.14 ± 1.39 g, p ≤ 0.05) than the basal diet (59.55 ± 1.37 g and 5.35 ± 0.25 g). Smoked diets improved feed intake, feed conversion ratio, apparent protein digestibility, and biological value. Hematological parameters remained within physiological ranges across groups; the soybean diet showed the highest RBC (7.8 × 10¹²/L) and hemoglobin (16.3 g/dL), whereas smoked fish diets recorded slightly lower but normal values (RBC 7.0-7.5 × 10¹²/L; hemoglobin 14-15 g/dL). Biochemical profiles revealed that smoked diets reduced serum triglycerides and creatinine, suggesting enhanced lipid metabolism and renal function. Smoking significantly improves the nutritional quality of Clupea harengus fillets and by-products, making them practical, safe, and growth-promoting protein sources for animal nutrition. Inclusion of smoked fish by-products offers a sustainable alternative to conventional plant proteins while supporting metabolic and systemic health
Efficiency of AB Mix with Liquid Organic Fertilizer on Hydroponic Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) Growth Dasumiati, Dasumiati; Fitri Mutiara Dewi; Ardian Khairiah; Junaidi; Adeel Abdulkarim Fadhl Altuhaish
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 10 No 2 (2025): November
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v10i2.45429

Abstract

The overuse of synthetic AB mix fertilizers in hydroponic systems raises concerns over chemical residues and long-term health risks. Incorporating liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) is a potential strategy to improve nutrient efficiency and enhance crop productivity. This study aimed to evaluate the application of liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) as a sustainable strategy to reduce AB mix dependency while maintaining crop growth and productivity. The experiment was arranged in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five treatments: P1 (100% AB mix/control), P2 (25% LOF + 75% AB mix), P3 (50% LOF + 50% AB mix), P4 (75% LOF + 25% AB mix), and P5 (100% LOF). Plant growth and yield parameters were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The combination of LOF and AB mix significantly affected (P<0.05) plant height, root fresh weight, leaf number, and shoot fresh weight, but had no significant effect (P>0.05) on root length. All combinations of LOF and AB mix, including the 100% AB mix treatment, yielded statistically similar results across all measured parameters. However, the treatment with 75% LOF + 25% AB mix tended to produce the highest values, enhanced flavor, and did not reduce shelf life, whereas the 100% LOF treatment resulted in the lowest performance. These findings highlight the potential of LOF to substantially reduce synthetic input in hydroponic lettuce production, supporting more sustainable and health-conscious cultivation practices.
Assessing The Impact of Habitat Loss and Human Development on Proboscis Monkey Distribution in South Kalimantan Abdi Fithria; Rina Kanti; Rezekiah, Arfa Agustina; Syam'ani; Shiba, Yasinta Nur
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 10 No 2 (2025): November
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v10i2.45442

Abstract

The proboscis monkey (Nasalis larvatus) is an endemic primate species of Borneo that plays a crucial role in maintaining the health of riparian forest ecosystems. However, habitat loss due to deforestation, land conversion, and urbanization has led to significant population declines. This study aims to analyze the habitat characteristics and dispersal patterns of the proboscis monkey in the riparian zone of the Tabunio Watershed, South Kalimantan, Indonesia. Geospatial modeling techniques, including Kernel Density Analysis (KDA) and spatial regression, were employed to assess habitat suitability and predict species dispersal. Sentinel-2 multispectral imagery from 2018, 2019, and 2021 was utilized to extract vegetation biophysical parameters, such as Leaf Area Index (LAI), Canopy Chlorophyll Content (CCC), and Fraction of Vegetation Cover (FVC), which were integrated with field survey data. The results indicate a significant correlation between the distribution of proboscis monkeys and vegetation health, with dense riparian vegetation providing optimal habitat conditions for these monkeys. The findings also highlight the adverse impact of human-induced changes in land cover on populations of the proboscis monkey. Conservation measures, including habitat restoration and the establishment of protected areas, are recommended to mitigate habitat fragmentation and ensure the long-term survival of the species. This study contributes to the understanding of habitat dynamics and provides valuable insights for the sustainable management of riparian ecosystems in South Kalimantan
Feeding Rates of Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia Illucens) Fed on Palm Kernel Meal and Bovine Blood Susanti, Rina; Ramadhani Eka Putra
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 10 No 2 (2025): November
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v10i2.45828

Abstract

Slaughterhouses are economic activities that generate significant waste, including blood. Blood is a biological hazardous material due to its potency as a source of disease. Standard waste management methods for this material, involving physical and chemical treatment technologies, are considered expensive and impractical for small-scale entrepreneurs, leading to a neglect of waste management. Another possible waste management approach for blood is to use biological agents that utilize its nutrients. One candidate is the black soldier fly, known for its ability to consume various organic materials to produce high-value biomass. However, this process is highly dependent on the feed material's characteristics and the feeding rate. In this study, bovine blood was mixed with fermented palm kernel meal as the feeding material for black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of feeding rates of 50, 100, 200, 300, and 400 mg/larvae/day on the growth performance and survival of the larvae. The results showed that the time required for larvae to become pupae is 20-24 days. A 200 mg/larvae/day produced the best harvested weight and lowest FCR (feed conversion ratio). The highest growth rate was achieved at a dosage of 300 mg/larvae/day. At the same time, a 400 mg/larvae/day dose produced the highest length and WRI (Waste Reduction Index). On the other hand, the survival rate ranged from 77% to 91%, with 100 mg/larvae/day being the most effective. Mixing bovine blood with palm kernel meal at a feeding rate of more than 100 mg/larvae/day will allow the effective black soldier fly (H. illucens) larval composting process.
Profile of Phenolic Compounds and Phenol-Degrading Bacterial Colonies in Secondary Peat Forest Soil Fiko Jervannes; Gusti Z. Anshari; Evi Gusmayanti; Yulita Andriyani
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 10 No 2 (2025): November
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v10i2.47139

Abstract

Peat contains high levels of phenols and lignin, which are resistant to decomposition. Drainage canals lower the groundwater table, promoting microbial degradation. This study investigated microbial decomposition in a secondary peat swamp forest by quantifying phenol-degrading bacterial colonies and measuring phenol concentrations in peat soil from Malikian Village, Mempawah Regency, West Kalimantan. Samples were collected from three plots at two depths, the aerobic layer and the anaerobic layer, with fifteen (15) samples from each depth. Bacterial colonies were counted via mineral salt medium (MSM) with up to five dilutions, whereas phenolic compounds were measured via the Folin–Ciocalteu method. Paired t-tests revealed highly significant differences in both phenol concentration (p-value < 0.001) and the number of phenol-degrading bacterial colonies (p-value < 0.003) between the aerobic layer and the anaerobic layers. These findings indicate that peat decomposition is more pronounced in the aerobic surface layer than in the permanently waterlogged layer. This observation is attributed to the greater number of phenol-degrading bacterial colonies and lower phenol concentration in the surface layer than in the deeper layer. Consequently, the aerobic conditions in the surface layer of the secondary peat swamp forest facilitate accelerated peat decomposition

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