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INDONESIA
Jurnal Biologi Tropis
Published by Universitas Mataram
ISSN : 14119587     EISSN : 25497863     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
Jurnal Biologi Tropis (ISSN Cetak 1411-9587 dan ISSN Online 2549-7863) diterbitkan mulai tahun 2000 dengan frekuensi 2 kali setahun oleh Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi PMIPA FKIP Universitas Mataram, berisi hasil penelitian dan ulasan Ilmiah dalam bidang Biologi Sains.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 2,520 Documents
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Isolation and Identification of Fungi from Natural Fermentation of Guava Seeds Darmasiwi, Sari; Pahlevi, Reza Dwi; Setiadi, Chris Elian Beryl
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 3 (2024): July - September
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i3.7438

Abstract

Guava, a tropical fruit, is high in macro- and micronutrients. However, only 50% of the fruit’s parts are edible, while the peel and seeds are considered agro-industrial waste. Ruminants may benefit from the nutritional value of dehydrated guava seeds. Guava seeds processed by natural/spontaneous fermentation could boost amino acid content while also preventing antinutritional factors. However, more research is needed to determine the benefits and safety of using fermented guava seeds. The purpose of this study was to investigate fungi isolated from the natural/spontaneous fermentation of guava seeds. Guava seeds were fermented using sterile water and banana leaves, and incubated at 37 °C for 72 hours. Isolation was done on PDA medium for moulds and YMEA medium for yeast. The isolated fungi were characterized by their colony and cell morphology, as well as their physiological characteristics. Results showed that the yeasts from the genera Schizosaccharomyces, Pichia, and Cryptococcus were found to be primary microbes that play a role in the fermentation process, while the moulds from the Mucoraceae family are likely spoilage microbes that appear after the fermentation period.
Antibacterial Activity and Thin-Layer Chromatography (KLT) Ethanol Extract of Dragon Scale Leaves (Drymoglossum piloselloides (L.) C. Presl) Against Bacteria Staphylococcus epidermidis Syahputri, Hindri; Pertiwi, Nia Novranda; Sari, Syilvi Rinda; Simanjuntak, Monica Nelly; Sari, Melia; Andry, Muhammad; Nasution, Muhammad Amin; Rezaldi, Firman
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 3 (2024): July - September
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i3.7442

Abstract

The dragon scale plant is a plant containing flavonoid compounds, tannins, alkaloids, saponins. Flavanoid compounds, alkaloids, and tannins are found in dragon scales that are thought to provide antibacterial effects. Thin Layer Chromatography Test (KLT). On quarstin there is a stain distance spot of 1 cm and an 8 cm motion phase with an Rf value of 0.129 and in the extract there is a stain spot of 7.3 cm with an 8 cm motion phase with an Rf value of 0.9. In Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria from the average of the largest inhibitory zones are applied to the extract with a concentration of 20%. The diameter of the average inhibitory zone formed around the disc paper at each concentration is: 5% 10.5 mm ± 0.20 at a concentration of 10% 11.26 mm ± 0.20 and a concentration of 20% 12.2 mm ± 0.30 each concentration has a strongly categorized response. Ethanol extract of dragon scale leaves (Drymoglossum piloselloides (L.) C. Presl) has antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis. The diameter of the inhibitory zone that is best formed in the treatment of dragon scale leaf ethanol extract against Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria with a concentration of 20%12.2 mm±0.30 is 12.2 mm with a strong category.
Antibacterial Activity of Ethyl Asetate Fraction of Centella asiatica Against Clinical Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Nazilinly, Fitri; Permatasari , Lina; Hasbi, Nurmi
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 3 (2024): July - September
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i3.7450

Abstract

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the major worldwide medical conditions causing nosocomial contaminations with high mortality and grimness. P. aeruginosa infection treatment, on the other hand, has become more difficult due to antibiotic resistance. Therefore, new antibacterial agents are needed that can be an option in controlling and managing cases of bacterial infections. Plants that could potentially become a new antimicrobial agent is pegagan herb (Centella asiatica). This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of ethyl acetate fraction of pegagan herb against clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa and its phytochemical profile. Pegagan herb powder was extracted with 96% ethanol, then fractionated using liquid-liquid extraction method with n-hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate solvents. Ethyl acetate fraction of pegagan herb with 3 treatment groups of 5,000 ppm, 7,500 ppm, and 10,000 ppm were tested for antibacterial activity using disc diffusion method. The positive and negative control groups used Colistin and DMSO 10%. The results showed that all concentrations produced different inhibition zones against the growth of P. aeruginosa. Based on the mean diameter of inhibition, the concentration series of 7,500 ppm showed the most effective results with a mean of 2.69 mm compared to the other concentrations. Ethyl acetate fraction of pegagan herb contains flavonoid, phenolic and tannin compounds. Ethyl acetate fraction of pegagan herb can inhibit the growth of clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa in the weak category with inhibition zone diameter <5 mm.
Impact of Variations in Rabbit Urine Fertilizer Dosage on Corn Fodder (Zea mays) productivity Pradapa, Ringga Ardha Toni; Ludfia Windyasmara; Ahimsa Kandi Sariri
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 3 (2024): July - September
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i3.7452

Abstract

Corn is a ruminant animal feed with high vegetable protein and carbohydrate values. Because corn growers need a large area of land, one alternative is corn fodder. The application of corn fodder is very simple, harvests quickly and saves land. To support the growth of corn fodder, adequate nutrition is needed. Rabbit urine organic fertilizer contains high levels of N, P and K nutrients to increase plant productivity. This study aims to determine the effect of different doses of rabbit urine on the productivity of corn fodder (Zea mays). The method in this research is the research method used in this research is the Completely Randomized Design Method (CRD) which consists of 4 treatments, namely the concentration of rabbit urine fertilizer. Rabbit urine fertilizer concentrations consisted of 7 ml, 14 ml and 21 ml. Harvested on day 14. The parameters observed were plant height, number of leaves, wet biomass and dry biomass. Based on the results of this research, it can be concluded that the use of rabbit urine fertilizer in corn fodder at the average plant height P0=10.32 P1=11.85 P2=11.44 P3=13.67. The mean number of leaves P0=1.64 P1=1.73 P2=1.69 P3=1.81. The mean for wet biomass P0=57.37 P1=71.14 P2=74.09 P3=86.65. The average dry biomass, namely P0=6 P1=11 P2=11.40 P3=17.40. The conclusion from this research is that corn fodder given rabbit urine fertilizer has a very significant effect (P<0,01) on plant height, number of leaves, wet biomass and dry biomass.
Adaptation Test and Genetic Parameters Estimation of Chili (Capsicum spp.) by Automation Drip Irrigation System in UG Technopark, Cianjur Dhanussela, Ahmad Ghaly; Istiqlal, Muhammad Ridha Alfarabi; Azmi, Tubagus Kiki Kawakibi
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 3 (2024): July - September
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i3.7454

Abstract

Bean stew efficiency in 2019-2021 is vacillated because of the utilization of improper assortments and ecological variable. This study plans to decide assortments that have ideal development and creation at UG Technopark and to decide the hereditary variety between bean stew assortments. This study used a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three blocks and one factor made up of eight chili varieties. The information examination utilized in this review was investigation of varians (ANOVA) at 5 and 1% level and the post hoc test utilized Duncan's Various Reach Test at 5%. Noticed information additionally were broke down utilizing coefficient of hereditary difference, coefficient of phenotypic change and heritability examination. The results showed that the Bonita variety has the highest plant height, dichotomous height, and the largest stem diameter. Bishop's crown variation had the biggest character of crown width, length and width of leaves meanwhile Ayesha variety had the fastest flowering time. On the fruit characters, Bishop’s crown variety had the highest fruit weight per plant and fruit diameter. Reisa varieties had the highest fruit weight. Each character had a wide range of genetic coefficients of variation with values ranging from 16.50 to 77.96%, high phenotypic coefficents of variation with values ranging from 13.93 to 86.38% and high broad meaning heritability values ranging from 0.43 to 1.00.
Analysis of Cadmium (Cd) Levels in Tilapia Fish (Oreochromis mossambicus) from Ponds in Palibelo Nurwahdania, Nurwahdania; Khairuddin, Khairuddin; Yamin, M.
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 3 (2024): July - September
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i3.7456

Abstract

Fish are oceanic biota that are frequently utilized as signs of weighty metal contamination in waters. The purpose of this study was to determine the levels of cadmium (Cd) in tilapia from ponds in Palibelo and whether or not it is safe for consumption based on the Regulation of the Food and Drug Supervisory Agency (BPOM) No. 9 of 2022 concerning Requirements for Heavy Metal Contamination in Processed Food. Sampling was carried out by purposive sampling, at each station two fish samples were taken using floating nets. Samples were analyzed at the Health Laboratory, Testing and Calibration Center (BLKPK) of NTB Province. Data analysis was carried out by taking body parts, namely tilapia meat, then analyzing cadmium (Cd) levels using AAS. The results showed that cadmium levels in tilapia were still below the standard quality standards ranging from 0.0033-0.0057 mg/kg, with an average cadmium of 0.00465 mg/kg. Cadmium comes from household waste and modern waste carried by river currents. Environmental factors obtained temperature, pH, and salinity are in ideal conditions for the life of Tilapia fish. The conclusion is that Tilapia fish from fish farming in Palibelo is still suitable for consumption because it is still below the standard quality of 0.30 mg/kg.
Macroscopic Fungi Diversity Around Community Forest Areas in Suka Makmur Village, Kutalimbaru District Deli Serdang Regency North Sumatra Sihombing, Saroh Maduma; Jayanthi, Sri; Pandia, Ekariana S
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 4 (2024): Oktober - Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i4.7459

Abstract

Fungi are one of various types of organisms that play an important role in maintaining balance and preserving nature. Fungi act as decomposers of organic material in forest ecosystems, thus helping to fertilize the soil by providing nutrients for plants. This research aims to determine the types of macroscopic fungi around the Community Forest area, determine the diversity index of macroscopic fungal species and determine the characteristics of the macroscopic fungus habitat around the Community Forest area in Suka Makmur Village, Kutalimbaru District, Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatra. The method used is field observation and then making a 200 meter transect at the three observation stations, the first station is an oil palm plantation (3°20'33.1''N 98°31^' 34.8''E), a resident's field (3°20'10.9 ''N 98°31^' 00.6''E), and a rubber plantation (3°18'47.9'0'N 98°30^' 58.2''E). In one station, 5 plots were created with a size of 20 x 20 m and the distance between the plots was 25 m. Data analysis using the Shannon-Wiener index. The results are classified in the high category, namely H′ = 3.634. Where at station one, namely oil palm plantations, 27 types of macroscopic fungi were found with a diversity index H'= 2,639 (medium), at the second observation station, namely people's fields, 24 species were found with a diversity index H'= 2,804 (medium) and at station three gardens In rubber, 29 types of macroscopic fungal species were found with a diversity index H′= 3.194 (high). The types of macroscopic fungi found are from two divisions, namely ascomycota and basidiomycota, 7 classes, 11 orders, 28 families and 59 species. Environmental physical factors such as temperature 24 - 26 °C, pH 5.5 - 7.0, and light intensity 290 - 500 candela.
Fishing Capacity Efficiency of Mini Purse Seine in Ternate City Salim, Fajria Dewi; Damsiki, Nuraini A; Ahmad, Aditiyawan; Abubakar, Yuyun; Fadel, Ariyati A
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 4 (2024): Oktober - Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i4.7462

Abstract

The level of fishing efficiency and capacity of a fishery provides a useful instrument for policymakers to design management and control the response of the fishing industry to management. For this reason, fishing efficiency and capacity measures must be applied appropriately depending on a particular fishery's management and specific characteristics (Espino et al., 2006). This study aims to determine the efficiency of fishing capacity in mini purse seine in Ternate City. This research uses a descriptive quantitative method, DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis), to measure the technical efficiency of production (fishing capacity)—efficiency analysis using Microsoft Excel supported by frontier add-ins. The mini purse seine units that became Decision Making Units (DMU) were 20 DMUs consisting of 11 DMUs in Rua village, and 9 DMUs in Moti sub-district, Ternate City. Load capacity, fishing trip, fuel volume, number of crew members, and engine capacity are input factors in this study, while average production volume is the output factor. The results showed that 13 mini purse seine business units (13 DMUs) in Ternate City were inefficient (<1) and 7 mini purse seine business units were efficient. Most of the mini purse seine fishing capacity in Ternate City showed an inefficient condition (<1). The inefficient condition is caused by the excessive use of inputs (fishing capacity). Potential improvements can be made by reducing the use of inputs to obtain maximum output. Trip catch, fuel volume, and number of crew are production inputs that can be improved for optimum output in mini purse seine fishing in Ternate City. This research contributes to understanding best practices in using mini purse seines while supporting efforts to achieve economic sustainability in the capture fisheries sector in Ternate City.
Effect of Solvent Extraction on Yield and Phytochemical Screening of Kedondong (Spondias dulcis) Leaf Extracts Zahra, Nisrina; Mukhlishah, Neneng Rachmalia Izzatul; Hidayati, Agriana Rosmalina
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 4 (2024): Oktober - Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i4.7465

Abstract

Kedondong (Spondias dulcis) is empirically used as a cough medicine, skin pain, burns, and antimicrobials. in addition, the people of Kembang Paseban Village, Mersam Subdistrict, Batanghari District, Jambi Province use kedondong leaves as a barut medicine (birth patch medicine). The pharmacological activity of kedondong leaf extract is as a wound healer, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, antipyretic, and as a larvicide. The yield value greatly affects the amount of bioactive content contained in the extract and can affect the results of phytochemical screening. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of solvent comparison on yield and phytochemical screening of ethyl acetate extract of kedondong leaves. The method used in this study was sonication with a solvent ratio of 1:5 and 1:10, the temperature and time used were 35oC and 30 minutes. The results obtained in the ratio of 1:5 obtained a higher % yield of 5.53% compared to the solvent ratio of 1:10 of 4.67%. While the metabolite compounds identified from ethyl acetate extract are flavonoids and alkaloids.
Analysis Antimicrobial Activity of Sumbawa White Honey against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25293 Alamsyah, Abiel Dwi Cahya Firdaus; Hasbi, Nurmi; Rosyunita, Rosyunita
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 4 (2024): Oktober - Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i4.7467

Abstract

Staphylococcus aureus is one of the major bacteria causing health problems in humans, such as skin infections, abscesses, sepsis, pneumonia, endocarditis, and osteomyelitis. Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has been identified since 1990. Consequently, research into alternative antibiotics utilizing natural products is crucial, one of which is honey. Honey is chosen due to its antibacterial properties, including sugars, hydrogen peroxide, phenolic compounds, and others. This study aims to analyze the antibacterial activity of white honey from Sumbawa against S. aureus ATCC 25293. The research method employed was experimental in a laboratory setting using a post-test only control group design. The honey was processed by dilution, and antibacterial testing was conducted using the disc diffusion method at concentrations of 25%, 75%, 100%, with chloramphenicol as positive control and DMSO as negative control. The antibacterial test was repeated five times, and antibacterial activity was assessed by measuring the diameter of inhibition zones around the discs. The results showed inhibition zones for honey at concentrations of 25%, 75%, 100% measuring 1.33 mm, 4.60 mm, and 7.33 mm respectively. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that white honey from Sumbawa exhibits antibacterial activity of weak to moderate strength, but its effectiveness against S. aureus ATCC 25293 is relatively low. Further identification of antibacterial compounds in Sumbawa white honey is recommended for quantitative analysis.

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