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INDONESIA
Jurnal Biologi Tropis
Published by Universitas Mataram
ISSN : 14119587     EISSN : 25497863     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
Jurnal Biologi Tropis (ISSN Cetak 1411-9587 dan ISSN Online 2549-7863) diterbitkan mulai tahun 2000 dengan frekuensi 2 kali setahun oleh Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi PMIPA FKIP Universitas Mataram, berisi hasil penelitian dan ulasan Ilmiah dalam bidang Biologi Sains.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 2,520 Documents
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Effect of Bay Leaf Extract (Syzygium polyanthum) on The Histopathological Appearance of Large Intestine of White Rats (Rattus novergicus) Induced by Ibuprofen Balbesi, Patrick David Altissimo; Damanik, Efrisca M. Br.; Koamesah, Sangguana Marthen Jacobus; Hutasoit, Regina M.
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.11206

Abstract

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), particularly Ibuprofen, are widely used for their analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. However, irrational or prolonged use may lead to gastrointestinal injury, including NSAID-induced colitis, due to the inhibition of protective prostaglandins in the mucosa. Syzygium polyanthum (bay leaf) extract contains flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and essential oils with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, making it a potential agent for improving mucosal damage in the colon. Objective to determine the effect of bay leaf (Syzygium polyanthum) extract on the histopathological features of the colon in Sprague Dawley rats induced with Ibuprofen. This study was an experimental laboratory research using a posttest-only control group design. Thirty male Sprague Histopathological assessment of the colon was performed across five fields of view using the scoring system. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal–Wallis test followed by the Mann–Whitney test. The positive control group exhibited severe mucosal damage with extensive epithelial erosion and inflammatory infiltration. The P1 group (50 mg/kgBW) showed moderate improvements, while the P2 group (150 mg/kgBW) demonstrated reduced inflammation and ulceration. The highest dose group, P3 (250 mg/kgBW), showed the most prominent mucosal recovery, with significantly milder lesions compared to other groups. Bay leaf extract significantly improves the histopathological condition of the colon in Ibuprofen-induced rats. Higher doses of the extract result in better mucosal healing and reduced tissue damage.
Health Impacts of Air Pollution from Forest Fires: A Bibliometric Study of Respiratory Diseases Suryani, Elisa; Yuniarti, Elsa
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.11213

Abstract

Wildfires are a major source of air pollutants, particularly PM2.5, that pose serious risks to respiratory health. This study aimed to map research trends and thematic developments related to wildfire-related air pollution and respiratory diseases using a bibliometric approach. A total of 188 Scopus-indexed articles published between 2015 and 2025 were analyzed using VOSviewer to examine co-authorship networks, keyword co-occurrence, and citation patterns. The results show a steady increase in publications over the past decade, with dominant research themes focusing on PM2.5 exposure and respiratory outcomes such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However, existing studies are largely concentrated in high-income countries, with limited attention to long-term health effects and developing regions. These findings highlight critical research gaps and provide a scientific basis for strengthening future research directions and public health policies to mitigate respiratory risks associated with wildfire smoke.
Identification Phalaenopsis sp in Nglurah Village, Tawangmangu as A Source of High School Biology Learning Hidayad, Muhammad Nur; Wiharti, Tri
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.11215

Abstract

Biology learning in the Merdeka Curriculum emphasizes the use of local potential as a contextual and meaningful learning resource. Nglurah Village, Tawangmangu District, Karanganyar Regency has high potential for moon orchid (Phalaenopsis sp) diversity that has not been widely utilized as a learning resource for high school biology. This study aims to identify the types and morphological characteristics of moon orchids in Nglurah Village and explore their use as a learning resource for biology in the biodiversity material for 10th grade high school students. The research method used is direct observation with a qualitative descriptive approach. Data were collected through observation of the morphology of flowers, leaves, and roots, visual documentation, and identification of varieties with the help of Google Lens and interviews with local orchid farmers. The results of the study showed that 22 varieties of moon orchids were found with quite diverse morphological differences, including flower size, color patterns, labellum shape, and other visual characteristics. This diversity indicates an intensive hybridization process, supported by environmental conditions in Nglurah Village that are suitable for the growth of moon orchids. The findings of this study have great potential to be used as a source of high school biology learning that is relevant to the Merdeka Curriculum, particularly in the subject of biodiversity and classification of living things. The use of moon orchids as a learning object is expected to provide direct learning experiences, improve observation and classification skills, and foster students' awareness of the importance of preserving local biodiversity.
Qualitative Phytochemical Screening of Ethanolic Extract of Centella asiatica L. Leaves Putri, Rizky Hasyara; Rahmawati, Rahmawati; Mukarlina, Mukarlina
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.11216

Abstract

Indonesia is a tropical country with high plant biodiversity, including Centella asiatica L., a medicinal plant known to contain various bioactive secondary metabolites. This study aimed to identify the classes of secondary metabolites present in the ethanolic leaf extract of C. asiatica through qualitative phytochemical screening. The research was conducted as a laboratory-based study using standard phytochemical methods based on classical procedures to detect alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and steroids. The results showed that the ethanolic extract of C. asiatica leaves contained all tested secondary metabolite groups, indicating a diverse phytochemical profile. The presence of these compounds suggests potential biological and pharmacological activities, such as antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. Further studies are recommended to isolate and characterize individual bioactive compounds and to evaluate their specific biological activities.
Effect of Bay Leaf Extract (Syzygium polyanthum) on Renal Histopathology in Ibuprofen-Induced White Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Butar, Angel Tiurma; Damanik, Efrisca M. Br.; Hutasoit, Regina M.; Dean, Muhajirin
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.11217

Abstract

Excessive use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), especially ibuprofen, can cause Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) through oxidative stress and prostaglandin inhibition. Syzygium polyanthum leaves contain bioactive compounds such as flavonoids and tannins, which have antioxidant and antiinflammatory properties that may protect the kidneys. This study aimed to evaluate the nephroprotective effect and determine the optimal dose of ethanol extract of Syzygium polyanthum leaves on ibuprofeninduced renal damage in rats. Thirty-six male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into six groups: Negative Control (K-), Acute Positive Control (K+A), Recovery Positive Control (K+B), and three treatment groups (P1, P2, P3). Kidney damage was assessed using the EGTI scoring system (Endothelial, Glomerular, Tubular, Interstitial). Data were analyzed with the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Dunn’s Post Hoc test. The analysis revealed significant differences in renal damage scores among the groups. The acute positive control group exhibited the highest level of renal injury. Among the treatment groups, the 150 mg/kgBW dose (P2) demonstrated the most optimal improvement, even exceeding spontaneous recovery. At the highest dose (P3), the protective effect did not increase and instead showed a tendency toward reduced efficacy, reflecting a hormetic phenomenon. The ethanol extract of Syzygium polyanthum leaves exerts significant nephroprotective effects against ibuprofen-induced histopathological damage to the renal epithelium, tubules, glomeruli, and interstitial tissue, with an optimal dose of 150 mg/kgBW.
Direct Pellet PCR: Rapid Extraction-Free Method for Identification of Cellulolytic Bacteria from Empty Fruit Bunch Pamungkas, Edo Agam; Madusari, Sylvia; Putri, Halida Adistya; Rosita, Risa
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.11225

Abstract

Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) is a major industrial crop producing large amounts of empty fruit bunches (EFB), which necessitate rapid molecular methods to support microbial biodiversity studies and biotechnology applications. This study evaluated the effectiveness of Direct Pellet PCR as a rapid, extraction-free method for the molecular identification of cellulolytic bacteria isolated from EFB. Bacterial cell pellets were directly used as PCR templates to amplify the 16S rRNA gene without prior DNA extraction. The method consistently produced clear and specific amplicons of approximately 1500 bp for all isolates, indicating reliable PCR amplification. Sequence analysis showed similarity values ranging from 68.82% to 80.43% compared with reference sequences in the NCBI database, suggesting low similarity to currently available references. These findings demonstrate that Direct Pellet PCR is an efficient and cost-effective approach for rapid DNA amplification and preliminary molecular screening of cellulolytic bacteria from lignocellulosic substrates.
Relationship Between Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of General Practitioners Regarding Diabetic Retinopathy Screening Among Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Primary Healthcare Centers on Lombok Island Sanjaya, I Kadek Ari; Nasrul, Monalisa; Geriputri, Ni Nyoman
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.11229

Abstract

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common complication of diabetes and a preventable cause of blindness through early detection. General practitioners (GPs) play a crucial role in DR screening, yet field practices often do not align with their level of knowledge. This study analyzed the relationship between knowledge and attitudes of GPs and their DR screening practices in primary healthcare centers (Puskesmas) across Lombok Island. This cross-sectional study involved 45 GPs selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using structured questionnaires assessing knowledge (36 items), attitude (8 items), and practice (8 items). Pearson’s correlation test was used for data analysis. Most respondents had good knowledge (86.6%) and all demonstrated positive attitudes toward DR screening. However, only 13.3% showed good screening practices. Pearson’s test revealed no significant relationship between knowledge and practice (r = 0.105; p = 0.494) nor between attitude and practice (r = –0.111; p = 0.494). Low implementation of screening was influenced by limited availability of equipment (77.7% lacked an ophthalmoscope), insufficient training (71.1%), high workload, and low confidence in interpreting funduscopic findings. Despite adequate knowledge and positive attitudes, GPs’ screening practices for DR remain low and are not associated with these factors. Screening behavior is more strongly influenced by structural and systemic barriers. Improving early detection requires adequate equipment, practical training, and strengthened referral pathways.
Japanese Papaya (Cnidoscolus aconitifolius): An Integrated Biological System with Mechanism-Based Utilization Sedijani, Prapti; Mahrus, Mahrus; Rasmi, Dewa Ayu Citra; Kusmiyati, Kusmiyati; Khaerudin, Khaerudin
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4a (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4a.11234

Abstract

Cnidoscolus aconitifolius (Japanese papaya or chaya) is a tropical plant from the Euphorbiaceae family known for its high nutritional value and diverse biological activities. Several studies have reported antioxidant, antimicrobial, and other biological properties, suggesting the involvement of complex molecular systems. This article presents a conceptual literature review using a systems biology approach to understand Japanese papaya as an integrated biological system in which nutritional components, secondary metabolites, and enzymatic activities interact. By positioning hydrolytic enzyme systems as the central mechanism, this review discusses the potential utilization of Japanese papaya as a biological resource and as a basis for the development of functional derivative products, including biomolecular hydrolysates. Possible applications in mechanism-based bioconversion processes are also briefly addressed.
Antibacterial Activity Test of Star Fruit Leaf Extract (Averrhoa bilimbi Linn) Against Staphylococcus epidermidis Elsen, Michellin; Rini, Desi Indria; Riwu, Magdarita; Wijaya, Carolin
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.11238

Abstract

Staphylococcus epidermidis is a normal flora bacteria on the skin that can cause opportunistic infections. Generally, this infection is treated using antibiotics, but improper use of antibiotics can cause the onset of antibiotic resistance, so the development of natural antibacterial research with plant materials is one of the alternatives to reduce the incidence of resistance. A traditional medicinal plant is the leaves of star fruit (Averrhoa bilimbi Linn). This research aimed to investigate the antibacterial properties of the extract from star fruit leaves on Staphylococcus epidermidis. The type of research used is a true experimental design with a post-test only control group design. The treatment group in this study consisted of concentrations of 100%, 50%, 25%, 12.5%, 6.25%, 3.12%, with a positive control of clindamycin at a dose of 2 μg and a negative control of sterile aquadest which was carried out 3 times for each test group. The antibacterial test method is carried out by the disc diffusion method. The data analysis used is the One Way Anova statistical test. Star fruit leaf extract contains alkaloid compounds, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, and steroids. There is antibacterial activity of star fruit leaf extract against Staphylococcus epidermidis. The inhibition zone was produced at various concentrations of 100% (⌀ 15.14 mm), 50% (⌀ 14.06 mm), 25% (⌀ 13.75 mm), 12.5% (⌀ 12.01 mm), 6.25% (⌀ 10.55 mm), and 3.12% (⌀ 9.03 mm). Starfruit leaf extract has antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis.
Effect of Ecoenzyme Addition to Red Glutinous Rice-Based Trichoderma asperellum on Bujang Marantau Germination Biomass Kasih, Lega Pesona; Anhar, Azwir
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.11239

Abstract

Enhancing rice productivity is essential to meet increasing national food demands, especially for local varieties such as Bujang Marantau from Tanah Datar District. This variety is highly valued for its yield potential and pest resistance; however, it faces challenges related to declining seed quality. This research investigates the effect of incorporating an ecoenzyme into a Trichoderma asperellum formulation, using a red glutinous rice medium, on the germination and early growth of Bujang Marantau rice. The study employed a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with eight ecoenzyme concentrations (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, and 70%) and four replications. The measured parameters were the fresh and dry weights of seedlings at seven days after germination. Data were analyzed using ANOVA at a 5% significance level, followed by DNMRT when significant differences were detected. The results indicated that ecoenzyme application significantly affected seedling fresh weight during germination but did not influence dry weight. A 30% ecoenzyme concentration was found to be the most effective in promoting germination biomass. This finding demonstrates that ecoenzyme incorporation at this optimal concentration enhances Bujang Marantau rice seedling vigor and represents a promising approach for improving seed quality. Further research is recommended to evaluate field performance and the long-term effects on productivity.

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