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INDONESIA
Jurnal Biologi Tropis
Published by Universitas Mataram
ISSN : 14119587     EISSN : 25497863     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
Jurnal Biologi Tropis (ISSN Cetak 1411-9587 dan ISSN Online 2549-7863) diterbitkan mulai tahun 2000 dengan frekuensi 2 kali setahun oleh Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi PMIPA FKIP Universitas Mataram, berisi hasil penelitian dan ulasan Ilmiah dalam bidang Biologi Sains.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 2,562 Documents
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Optimization of Manganese Peroxidase Enzyme Production from Pleurotus ostreatus Mushroom in Organik Medium Afroza, Faiza; Putri, Dwi Hilda; Irdawati, Irdawati; Farma, Siska Alicia; Andriani, Ade; Saskiawan, Iwan
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4b (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4b.8892

Abstract

The production of manganase peroxidase (MnP, a key lignolityc enzyme with broad applications in bioremediation and industrial processing, can be significantly enhanced trough the optimation of medium composition and fermentation time. This study aimed to determine the optimal organic medium, concentration, and incubation period for MnP production by Pleurotus ostreatus. Various plant-base substrates such as brown rice, mungbean, almond, red bean soybean, and potato dextrose broth (PDB) were evaluated using a descriptive method, withvthe obtained data calculated and analyzed in Excel, and the results presented in the form of diagrams. The results showed that brown rice medium is the most optimal medium to support the produvction of MnP (981,6 U/L), attribute to its high carbohydrate and micronutrien content. Futher optimization revealed that a consentration of 7,5%, while fermentation time optimization indicated that the 9th day was optima, producing up to 3207,1 U/L of enzyme activity. These findings suggest that selecting the right substrate and fermentation conditions can substantially improve MnP synthesis by P. ostreatus, making it a promising strategy for sustainable enzyme production and future biotecnological application. For future studies, it is recommended to explore large scale fermentation systems and alternative agro industrial waste susbtrates to further enhance enzyme yield and cost efficiency
Parents’ Knowledge and Behavior Related to Pneumonia Incidence in Children Under Five: A Literature Review Nitzana, Lale Nubya; Parwata, Wayan Sulaksmana Sandhi; Karuniawaty, Titi Pambudi
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.10692

Abstract

Pneumonia remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among children under five worldwide, including in Indonesia, with its severity influenced by immunization status, air pollution exposure, delayed access to healthcare, and families’ socioeconomic and behavioral conditions.of families influence the severity of pneumonia. This review aims to explore parental knowledge and behavior and the severity of pneumonia in children under five based on previous studies. This study used a literature review method by collecting and analyzing relevant articles from databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect using keywords including "pneumonia", "knowledge", "behavior", and "under-five children". The findings indicate that adequate parental knowledge about pneumonia can support early detection and timely medical care. Parents with better knowledge tend to recognize the early symptoms of pneumonia more quickly and promptly seek medical care. In addition, good preventive behaviors, such as proper hygiene practices, complete immunization, and adequate care, can help prevent pneumonia or reduce the severity of the disease if it occurs. However, some studies show that high knowledge does not always correlate with appropriate treatment-seeking behavior, as it is influenced by other factors such as education level, economic status, and access to healthcare facilities. In addition, poor preventive behavior such as smoking inside the house and inadequate sanitation contributes to increased risk and severity of pneumonia. Parental knowledge and behavior play a crucial role in the prevention and management of pneumonia in children. However, a holistic approach is required, considering educational, economic, and healthcare access factors to ensure effective interventions in reducing the incidence and severity of pneumonia among children.
Factors Influencing Pneumonia Recurrence in Children Under Five Years at Lingsar and Sigerongan Health Center Hairy, Fathinah Salsabilla; Sari, Linda Silvana; Karuniawaty, Titi Pambudi
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.10693

Abstract

World Health Organization (WHO) labels pneumonia as “the leading killer of children worldwide” because for every five deaths of children under five, one is caused by pneumonia. According to WHO, pneumonia is the main cause of death in children less than five years old in developing countries. Based on Indonesia's health profile in 2020, pneumonia is the main problem causing death in children aged 29 days - 11 months with a prevalence of 14.5% or the equivalent of 3.55 per 100 children under five. Data from the West Nusa Tenggara health service in 2023 recorded 31,035 cases of pneumonia in children under five in NTB. The aim of this study was to determine the factors that influence the recurrence of pneumonia in toddlers in the Sigerongan and Lingsar Community Health Center Working Areas. This research is a observational analytical research with a Case Control design. The sampling technique uses Consecutive Sampling until the required sample is reached. The research was conducted in the work area of the Sigerongan and Lingsar Health Centers in West Lombok with a research sample of 84 respondents. The data obtained was analyzed using tests Chi-Square, Fisher’s exact, and Kolmogorov Smirnov. The results of the bivariate analysis using the testwho square, Fisher’s exact, And Kolmogorov Smirnov shows the completeness factor of immunization (p-value0.532), exclusive breastfeeding (p-value0.698), LBW (p-value0.395), nutritional status (p-value0.000), time to start MPASI (p-value 0.698), comorbidities (p-value 0.296), residential density (p-value0.549), smoking behavior (p-value 0.443), duration of smoking (p-value0.278), smoking area (p-value0.000), smoking dependence (p-value 0.000), parents education (p-value0.000), and home environment (p-value 0.616) does not affect pneumonia recurrence The results show that residential density factors influence the recurrence of pneumonia in children under five years.
Potential Reduction of Food Waste and Hospital Wastewater Sludge Using Bioconversion by BSF Larvae Aina, Rafida; Sari, Gina Lova; Ratnawati, Kania
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.10723

Abstract

Food waste and sludge from the Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) of hospitals are organic wastes with high utilization potential through bioconversion using Black Soldier Fly (BSF) larvae. This study aims to examine the characteristics of food waste and WWTP sludge from Karawang Regional General Hospital and to evaluate their reduction potential through BSF larval activity. The experiment was conducted using three feed variations SML1 (70%:30%), SML2 (50%:50%), and SML3 (30%:70%) along with two control treatments. The analyzed parameters included nutritional content (protein, fat, carbohydrates, ash content, moisture content, and crude fiber), C/N ratio, as well as waste reduction efficiency through substrate consumption (SC) and the Waste Reduction Index (WRI). The results showed that food waste contains high levels of protein and carbohydrates, whereas WWTP sludge contains high organic carbon (C-organic). The best feed variation was SML2, producing 27.11% protein, 4.78% fat, and 7.74% crude fiber, indicating its potential as livestock feed. The best frass quality was obtained from SML3 with a C/N ratio of 30.24%, approaching the standard for organic fertilizers. The highest substrate consumption was recorded in SML1 at 58.86%, and the highest WRI reached 5.21%/day. These findings demonstrate that BSF larvae are effective in reducing hospital organic waste while simultaneously producing valuable end products.
Analysis of the Physical and Chemical Properties of Soil in the Riau University Arboretum Pebriandi, Pebriandi; Marsanda, Gilang Panca; Desvita, Zeki; Sari, Efilda; Darlis, Vinny Volcherina; Oktorini, Yossi; Irfani, Ewi; Nugraha, Lefdi Agung; Pertiwi, Hutami Indah
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.10805

Abstract

Soil is an important component of forest ecosystems because it acts as a provider of nutrients, a support for vegetation, and a regulator of biogeochemical cycles. Variations in the physical and chemical properties of soil are greatly influenced by vegetation cover and soil depth. This study aims to analyse the chemical properties of soil in two types of vegetation cover, namely dense and moderate cover, in the Riau University Arboretum, which was determined using the Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) method. Soil samples were taken at three depths (0–10 cm, 10–20 cm, and 20–30 cm) to determine the vertical variation in soil chemical properties. The parameters analysed included pH, organic carbon (organic C), total nitrogen (total N), phosphorus (P₂O₅), and potassium (K₂O). The results showed that soil pH was in the acidic category, ranging from 4.43 to 5.21. Organic carbon content was higher in the surface layer than in the lower layers, with the highest value of 5.14% in medium cover. Total N content was low in all samples (0.11–0.25%), indicating a limitation of nitrogen as a factor restricting vegetation growth. The nutrient elements P₂O₅ and K₂O tended to be higher in the surface layer, especially in dense cover (P₂O₅ = 26.66 mg/100 g; K₂O = 24.56 mg/100 g). In general, dense cover was able to maintain nutrient availability better than medium cover, although medium cover had relatively higher organic C content on the surface. These findings confirm that vegetation cover plays an important role in maintaining soil quality, and the preservation of dense vegetation needs to be optimised to support soil fertility and the sustainable conservation function of the arboretum.
Pathogenicity of Salmonella: A Literature Study Estiningtyas, Widhie; Lestarini, Ima Arum; Putri, Nikita Andini; Firdausy, Diajeng Aesya Mutiara
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.10819

Abstract

Salmonella is a type of gram-negative bacteria that belongs to the Enterobacteriaceae family and is a major health issue worldwide because it can lead to different illnesses in both humans and animals. This comprehensive study explores the pathogenicity of Salmonella, focusing on its general characteristics, mechanisms of pathogenesis, and host-pathogen interactions. The research examines the taxonomy, morphology, and biochemical properties of Salmonella, highlighting the diversity within the genus and its adaptability to various environments. The study then delves into the complex mechanisms of pathogenicity, including adhesion to host cells, tissue invasion, intracellular survival, and modulation of host immune responses. Particular focus is placed on the significance of Salmonella Pathogenicity Islands (SPIs) and the Type III Secretion Systems (T3SS) they code for in relation to virulence. In addition, the research examines how the host's immune system reacts to a Salmonella infection, covering both innate and adaptive immune responses. This study also looks into the clinical symptoms associated with Salmonella infections, which can vary from mild gastroenteritis that resolves on its own to serious systemic illnesses such as typhoid fever. Diagnostic methods, including traditional culture techniques and modern molecular approaches, are evaluated for their efficacy in detecting and characterizing Salmonella infections. Finally, the study examines current prevention and treatment strategies, including vaccination and antibiotic therapy, while addressing the growing concern of antimicrobial resistance. This comprehensive analysis of Salmonella pathogenicity provides valuable insights into the intricate host-pathogen relationship and highlights potential avenues for developing novel therapeutic and preventive strategies against Salmonella infections.
Region-Based Plant Vegetation Productivity in Cibinong Botanical Garden, Bogor Regency Chairul, Chairul; Sunardi, Sunardi; Habinuya, Senriella
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.10863

Abstract

Vegetation productivity in botanical gardens plays a crucial role in carbon sequestration and soil nutrient regulation, yet region-based differences in vegetation performance under ex situ conservation systems remain poorly understood. This study aims to analyze vegetation composition and structure, estimate biomass and carbon stock, and evaluate the influence of dominant species on soil nutrient content across different regional collections in the Cibinong Botanical Garden, Bogor Regency. The research was conducted in seven regional collections (Java–Bali, Sumatra, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Maluku, Nusa Tenggara, and Papua) using a survey method with 20 × 50 m plots. Tree biomass was estimated using allometric equations, while carbon stock was calculated based on organic carbon content. Soil chemical properties, including organic carbon and phosphorus, were also analyzed. The results showed that the Kalimantan region had the highest biomass and carbon stock, reaching 237.26 tons/ha and 111.51 tons/ha, respectively, largely influenced by the dominance of Pentace sp. In contrast, the Maluku region exhibited the highest soil organic carbon and available phosphorus, despite having lower biomass values. These findings indicate that vegetation productivity is not solely determined by biomass accumulation, but also by species composition, stand structure, and soil nutrient dynamics. This study highlights the importance of region-based vegetation management in botanical gardens to optimize carbon storage and maintain soil fertility under ex situ conservation systems.
Fermentation of Banana Stems and Indigofera sp. Using MA-11 with Different Durations on Physical Quality Ferdiansyah, Taufik; Windyasmara, Ludfia
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.11015

Abstract

The high cost of ruminant feed and fluctuating forage availability have encouraged the use of local waste, such as banana stems, combined with Indigofera sp. through fermentation with the probiotic MA-11 to improve the feed's pHysical quality and pH. This study aimed to determine the effect of fermentation time (0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 days) on the texture, aroma, color, and pH of the mixture to determine the optimal time for use as an alternative feed based on agricultural waste. The study used a completely randomized design with five treatments and four replications, conducted over 12 days in the Microbiology Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, Veteran Bangun Nusantara University, Sukoharjo. Testing involved panelist assessments for pHysical quality and periodic pH measurements. The results showed a highly significant effect of fermentation time on all parameters, with a 9-day treatment producing a soft texture, fresh sour aroma, yellowish-brown color, and an optimal low pH. A 9-day fermentation with MA-11 yields high-quality feed from local waste.
Detection of Helicobacter pylori in Swab Samples from Gastritis Patients Using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Alvionita, Dewinta Nur; Ma’bi, Srianingsih Lestari; Alydrus, Nurlaela
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.11092

Abstract

Gastritis is a choronic inflammation of the gastric mucosa that can lead to atrophy and is often caused by Helicobacter pylori infection through urease activity that triggers gastric inflammation and related diseases.. This study aimed to detect Helicobacter pylori in swab samples from patients with gastritis using the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method. A descriptive qualitative study with a cross-sectional design was conducted at Stella Maris Hospital, Makassar. Fifteen swab samples from gastritis patients were analyzed using PCR targeting a 294 bp DNA fragment. All samples showed negative results, indicated by the absence of DNA bands at the target size. Helicobacter pylori was not detected in swab samples from gastritis patients. The negative findings may be attributed to limitations of swab sampling outside the stomach, the absence of bacterial transfer during reflux, or gastritis caused by factors other than H. pylori.
Ethnobotany of Natural Dye Plants of Godhongkoe and Cindelaras for Eco-Friendly Ecoprint Batik in Surakarta Putri, Devi Septiana; Prasetyo, Siswo Aji; Nurmiyati, Nurmiyati; Ariyanto, Joko
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.11168

Abstract

The demand for environmentally friendly textiles has driven the increasing use of plant-based natural dyes, particularly in ecoprint batik products. However, local knowledge regarding dye plant species, utilized plant parts, and dyeing techniques has not been systematically documented. This study aims to examine the utilization of natural dye plants in ecoprint batik fabric production within the GodhongKoe and Cindelaras communities in Surakarta City, Central Java. The research employed a descriptive method using primary data obtained through observations, questionnaires, and interviews with artisans selected through purposive sampling. Data were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively by calculating the percentage of plant organ usage. The results showed that both communities utilized 10 plant species each. Leaves were the most dominantly used plant organ, accounting for 60% of total usage, due to their easy availability and effectiveness in producing natural patterns and colors. In addition, stems and bark were utilized as sources of strong pigments and natural fixatives. This study concludes that ecoprint practices reflect the utilization of local plant diversity based on ethnobotanical knowledge. These findings contribute to the preservation of local knowledge on the use of natural dye plants while supporting the development of environmentally friendly creative industries based on local biological resources.

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