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I Wayan Sutapa
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INDONESIA
Chemistry Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research
  • Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research (Indones.
  • Website
Published by Universitas Pattimura
ISSN : 23385359     EISSN : 26142627     DOI : 10.30598//ijcr.2021.-irm
Core Subject : Science, Social, Engineering,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Engineering Environmental Science
Indo. J. Chem. Res. is a journal that regularly publishes primary articles covering all branches of chemistry and its sub-disciplines. Published articles consist of complete research, short communication, and review articles. The scope of published articles is not limited to inorganic chemistry, physical chemistry, organic chemistry, analytical chemistry, and biochemistry. Editors can invite articles review of authors that includes the latest developments in the field of interest of certain chemicals. A contribution is open to researchers from all countries.
Arjuna Subject : Kimia(semua kategori) - Kimia (Lain-Lain)
Articles 314 Documents
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Identification of Phytochemical Extract of a Combination of Young Coconut Water, Ginger and Turmeric Hasti, Florentina Saji; Kopon, Aloisius Masan; Baunsele, Anselmus Boy; Tukan, Maria Benedikta; Leba, Maria Aloisia Uron; Boelan, Erly Grizca; Komisia, Faderina
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research Vol 9 No 3 (2022): Edition for January 2022
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598//ijcr.2022.9-flo

Abstract

Turmeric is a tropical plant that is widely found on the Asian continent which is extensively used as a food coloring agent and fragrance. Ginger is a spice plant that it often found in South Asia which is widely has spread throughout the world. Coconut is an annual plant, has a hard stem and is generally not branched (monopodial), has fibrous roots, and contain water that is clear and tastes sweet, young coconut water has benefits such as antibacterial, beauty treatment, as an isotonic agent, and carry out the urination. This research was conducted to obtain information about the physicochemical properties and secondary metabolites contents of the coconut water, ginger and turmeric combination extract. The research method was carried out by mixing the mashed turmeric and ginger with the young coconut water and then macerated. The resulting extract was then tested for physicochemical properties (solubility) and identified groups of secondary metabolites (flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and steroids/triterpenoids. The extract was soluble in 70% ethanol. In addition, the combination of young coconut water, ginger, and turmeric extract contain a group of secondary metabolites among others flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and triterpenoids.
Antibacterial Activity of Pineapple Peel (Ananas comosus) Eco-enzyme Against Acne Bacterias (Staphylococcus aureus and Prapionibacterium acnes) Ramadani, Aisyah Hadi; Karima, Rizkya; Ningrum, Riska Surya
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research Vol 9 No 3 (2022): Edition for January 2022
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598//ijcr.2022.9-nin

Abstract

Acne (acne vulgaris) is a skin disease caused by infection or inflammation of the pilosebaceous unit. Staphylococcus aureus and Prapionibacterium acnes was the main actor in the infection. Eco-enzyme that is made from pineapple peel has been stated that have inhibitory activity against gram-positive and negative bacteria, also applied as home industry soap. This study objective as scientific support that Eco-enzyme phytochemical compounds had the antibacterial activity to the acne bacteria. Eco-enzyme was composed of pineapple peel, brown sugar, and water with the ratio of 3:1:10 for 3 months fermentation time. Eco-enzyme was screened of its phytochemical compound and antibacterial activity against S.aureus and P.acnes by dilution with various concentrations (1.5625%, 3, 125%, 6.25%, 12.5%, 25%, and 50% v/v) and various control. The minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) was then tested by diffusion method to determine the inhibition zone with 3 replication using the higher concentration (50%, 75%, 100% v/v). The result showed that eco-enzyme has a clear yellow colour, contains tannin and saponin, MIC of S.aureus and P.acnes bacteria is 50%. The dilution test of eco-enzyme gives the most effective concentration to inhibit S.aureus at eco-enzyme 100% (v/v), contrasted to P. acnes which didn’t show the best inhibition concentration.
Kinetics and Isotherm Study of Ion Phosphate Adsorption by Lontor Natural Clay Ikhsan, Nurul; Sekewael, Serly J; Hasanela, Nurani
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research Vol 9 No 3 (2022): Edition for January 2022
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598//ijcr.2022.9-ikh

Abstract

The clay used taken from Lontor Village, Central Maluku Regency, Banda Besar Island. The clay was activated at 350 °C for 3 hours using a furnace. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of physically activated Lontor natural clay in reducing levels of phosphate ions using the adsorption method. The adsorption capacity of clay is determined based on two parameters. The parameters are the optimum contact time used are 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 hours and variations of the concentration are 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 mg/L of phosphate. The concentration of phosphate adsorbed on the clay was measured by a UV-Vis spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 665 nm. The results showed that the optimum conditions for the adsorption of phosphate ions by Lontor natural clay were obtained at the contact time of 5 hours and the concentration of 40 mg/L. The adsorption of phosphate ions by Lontor activated natural clay followed the pseudo-second-order Lagergren adsorption kinetics model with a rate constant value (k2) of 3.39 x 10-1 g mg-1 min-1, and following the Freundlich adsorption isotherm models with a correlation coefficient (R2), Freundlich constant (Kf), and n values, respectively are 0.9513; 0.57 mg1-1/n L1/n/g, and 0.40 g/L.
Sterol Constituents of Sea Fan (Gorgonia mariae) as Potential Candidates of MPro Protein SARS-CoV-2 Inhibitor: in silico Study Kelutur, Faruk Jayanto
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research Vol 9 No 3 (2022): Edition for January 2022
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598//ijcr.2022.9-kel

Abstract

Ethnobotanically, sea fan was a group of gorgonian coral that have used the Maluku people as medicinal ingredients with secondary metabolites containing sterols, terpenoids, and alkaloids that have anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, anti-cancer, analgesic, gastroprotective, anti-bacterial, anti-cancer, and anti-fouling agents. However, the effectiveness of sterols as anti-viral SARS-CoV-2 has not been reported, so research was needed. The initial stage of targeting (SwissTargetPrediction), binding affinity (Autodock Tools 4.2), and amino acid interactions (Discovery Studio 2016 Client®). The route of administration, pharmacokinetic properties, and acute oral toxicity (LD50) were predicted by Lipinski's rule of five, pre-ADMET, and ProTox-II. The results of target class obtained probability of 10.6% (4,24-dimethyl cholesta-7,22-dien-3ß-ol and 4,24-dimethyl-22-dehydro-cholestanol) and 11, 8% (dinosterol). Binding affinity (ΔG, kcal/mol and Ki, nM) potentially 4,24-dimethyl cholesta-7,22-dien-3ß-ol (-9.90; 55.13) > dinosterol (-9.77; 68.66) > 4,24-dimethyl-22-dehydro-cholestanol (-9.48; 113.33), respectively with the crucial amino acid, Asp187. The test compound has a log P value > 5, so solubility must be considered. Pre-ADMET showed an excellent disposition as a drug and was not mutagenic and carcinogenic. However, the distribution of plasma proteins and the dose of LD50 need to be considered. Thus, sea fan sterols have potential as MPro protein inhibitors.
Utilization of Aur-Aur Grass as A Natural Hand Sanitizer in Order To Prevent The Spread of The Covid-19 Virus Amutya, Adilla Lina Putri; Rifa'i, Alfian Zilham; Prasetiyo, Yogi; Sari, Arum; Saputri, Lestari Hetalesi
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research Vol 9 No 3 (2022): Edition for January 2022
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598//ijcr.2022.9-sap

Abstract

Indonesia is currently amid a Covid-19 virus pandemic. One of the efforts that can be done to prevent the spread of the Covid-19 virus is to wash your hands with soap, or you can use a hand sanitizer. However, hand sanitizers are mostly made of chemicals, many people feel side effects including dry skin, dermatitis, and irritation. This research aims to make hand sanitizer products made from natural ingredients, namely from extracts of aur-aur grass (Commelina diffusa Burm F.). Phytochemical tests showed that aur-aur grass contained 5,188.73 ppm flavonoid compounds, 8,673.60 ppm total phenol (tannin), and 466.30 ppm alkaloids. The manufacture of hand sanitizers was carried out in four variations with each sample having aur-aur extract levels of 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. Of the existing hand sanitizer products, all of them have a pH of ±5 and get good responses from satisfaction values ​​above 80%. Hand sanitizer products also can inhibit bacterial growth. The increase in extract levels in the hand sanitizer is directly proportional to the ability to inhibit bacteria, as shown by sample D which has an average inhibition zone of 9.77 mm.
Phytochemical Screening and TLC Profiling of Combination Extracts of Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) and Papaya (Carica papaya) Leaves from Timor Island Kafelau, Marianus; Kopon, Aloisius Masan; Baunsele, Anselmus Boy; Tukan, Maria Benediktas; Leba, Maria Uron; Komisia, Faderina; Boelan, Erly Grizca
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research Vol 10 No 1 (2022): Edition for May 2022
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/ijcr.2022.10-boe

Abstract

Traditionally in the village of Alor, East Nusa Tenggara Province, a combination of avocado and papaya leaves is often used to treat malaria. To be able to be developed as an ingredient in traditional medicine, it is necessary to conduct preliminary research to determine the content of secondary metabolites contained in the combination of avocado and papaya leaves. This study aims to determine the secondary metabolites contained in avocado and papaya leaves through phytochemical screening and Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) analysis. Extraction was carried out using methanol solvent by maceration, and the extract yield was 91.4%. Testing the content of secondary metabolites in avocado and papaya leaf extracts was carried out by phytochemical screening. Furthermore, the TLC test was carried out to confirm the presence of a positive group of compounds on phytochemical screening, and to determine the chromatographic profile of the extract. After being tested by phytochemical and TLC analysis, the extract contains several metabolites, including flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, and steroids. The TLC system used in this study can separate the phytochemical content and give positive results that confirm the results of the phytochemical screening.
Biosurfactant Production from Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC27853 with Carbon Source from Crude Palm Oil for Oil Recovery Amraini, Said Zul; Muria, Sri Rezeki; Bahruddin, Bahruddin; HS, Irdoni; Artha, Ulfa Dwi; Susanto, Reno
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research Vol 10 No 1 (2022): Edition for May 2022
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/ijcr.2022.10-sai

Abstract

Biosurfactants are surfactants that are synthesized by microorganisms using organic materials and have biodegradable properties, making them environmentally friendly. One of the applications of biosurfactants in the recovery of petroleum. This study aims to determine the type of biosurfactant produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria using crude palm oil as the main carbon source, to determine the effect of variations in pH and CPO concentration on surface tension reduction and emulsification, and compare the best biosurfactant with surfactant synthesis. The production of biosurfactants has 3 stages, namely the bacterial preparation, the biosurfactant production, and the analysis in the form of surface tension, emulsification, crude oil removal, and FTIR. The best biosurfactant was obtained at pH 7 and a carbon source concentration of 3% v/v with surface tension and emulsification values ​​of 42.49 mN/m and 58%, respectively. The pH value and CPO concentration can affect the growth in the biosurfactant production process, thus also affecting the surface tension and emulsification values. The biosurfactants obtained were rhamnolipid biosurfactants. The biosurfactants produced in this study have lower crude oil recovery capabilities than synthetic surfactants with crude oil removal values ​​of 57.78% and 79.34%, respectively.
Lead Ion Removal in Water Using Low Methoxy Pectin-Guar Gum Beads Hybrid Adsorbent Subroto, Nadya Nursidah Pratiwi; Tarmidzi, Fadhil Muhammad; Wati, Ina; Armans, Velia Mulya
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research Vol 10 No 1 (2022): Edition for May 2022
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/ijcr.2022.10-nad

Abstract

A high level of lead in the sediment will cause contamination of aquatic biota. Lead pollutants in water may be treated by an easy and common adsorption process. A combination of both environmentally friendly and renewable materials, low methoxy pectin (LMP), and guar gum as adsorbents can reduce the need of activated carbon which requires high temperatures in its synthesis process. LMP was prepared from high methoxy pectin using a demethylation process under alkaline conditions. LMP and guar gum are diluted in 1 M calcium chloride as a crosslinking agent. The degree of esterification was carried out to determine the demethylation process. Adsorption of lead was carried out with a lead concentration of 165 ppm in acidic conditions for 24 hours. Lead concentration was measured using AAS. Results show that the optimal pH for demethylation was 12. The ratio of 1:2 pectin-guar gum produces the strong beads related to more O-H bonds in guar gum that can be developed. pectin-guar gum beads can adsorb 63% of lead at pH 6 due to the development of hydro-complex metal ions under more basic conditions.
Production Process of Large Pore Size Activated Carbon from Palm Kernel Shell using Sodium Chloride as An Activator Nurdin, Ahmad; Iriani, Iriani; Harahap, Hamidah; Fahmi, Aliyah
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research Vol 10 No 1 (2022): Edition for May 2022
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/ijcr.2022.10-ahm

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the yield of activated carbon, iodine number, and surface area of palm activated carbon. Samples were produced by using sodium chloride (NaCl) as an activator. Palm shells that had been produced by the milling process were then sieved with a 12 mesh sieve and soaked in 20 % NaCl solution. The sample solution was heated over a water bath at 70 oC and continued with the drying process at a constant temperature of 105 oC. The activated shells continued the pyrolysis process at temperatures of 300, 400, and 500 oC for 3 hours. The activated carbon obtained from the pyrolysis process was weighed and then washed using hot distilled water. The samples were dried in an oven at a temperature of 105 oC for 24 hours. The results were analyzed for iodine number using iodometric titration method, surface area using Brunauer- Emmett-Teller (BET) method, and pore structure using the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) method. The results showed the best yield was 38.13 % obtained at 20% NaCl and a temperature of 400 oC. The best iodine number was 767.745 mg/g and surface area was 6.790 m2/g, pore volume 4.377 cc/g with pore size 9.781 A.
The Comparison Effects of NaOH and KOH as Solvents for Silica Extraction from Two Different Coal Fly Ashes Hanum, Farrah Fadhillah; Rahayu, Aster; Hapsauqi, Iqbal
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research Vol 10 No 1 (2022): Edition for May 2022
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/ijcr.2022.10-far

Abstract

One of the environmental problems is the waste from the coal combustion process from coal power plants or other industries that use coal as an energy source. The combustion process produces coal fly ash, which will accumulate in the environment. Subsequently, much research about the utilization of coal fly ash has been developed. Silica extraction from coal fly ash is one of the methods that can be used to utilize coal fly ash. This study carried out silica extraction using the Direct Alkaline Leaching (DAL) method. The coal ash was contacted with alkaline solvents (KOH and NaOH) with the variations of concentrations and the leaching time. The leaching solution filtrate will be precipitated with the addition of HCl. The characteristics of this silica from CFA and CFA B were analyzed by using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Based on the results, it could be known that each of the coal fly ashes has different results for both alkaline solvents. CFA A has relatively less silica extraction results in both types of solvents. Meanwhile, CFA B gave higher silica extraction results with coal fly ash and solvent contact time for one hour.

Page 19 of 32 | Total Record : 314

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