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Eksplorasi dan Karakterisasi Rizobakteri untuk Mengendalikan Jamur Fusarium fujikuroi secara In vitro Rahma, Zola Puti; Rahma, Haliatur; Sulyanti, Eri
Jurnal Proteksi Tanaman Vol 8 No 2 (2024): December 2024
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jpt.8.2.123-137.2024

Rhizobacteria is bacteria that found in the root zone of plants. Rhizobacteria can act as biocontrol agents against Fusarium fujikuroi, the fungus that causes bakanae disease in rice plants. This study aimed to obtain rhizobacteria isolates from the roots of rice plants and to determine their characteristics as biocontrol agents against F. fujikuroi in vitro. This research consisted of two stages: 1) Exploration of rhizobacteria from the roots of rice plants in Padang City, West Sumatera, Indonesia and 2) Antagonistic character of Rhizobacteria against F. fujikuroi in vitro including: antagonistic test, hydrolytic enzyme production test (protease, amylase, and chitinase), and HCN compound production test. Based on the research, 32 rhizobacterial isolates were obtained as candidates for biological agents. All rhizobacterial isolates can suppress the growth of Fusarium fujikuroi in vitro with an inhibition percentage of 19.43-73.53%. The 4 best isolates in suppressing the growth of Fusarium fujikuroi are Kr 2.2 from Kuranji, KG 2.2 from Korong Gadang, PA 2.1 and PA 1.2 from Pasar Ambacang with an inhibition percentage of 60.39-73.53%. The four isolates are also able to produce hydrolysis enzymes (protease, amylase and chitinase) and HCN compounds

Potensi Konsorsium Bakteri Pseudomonad fluorescent dan Bacillus mycoides Terhadap Penyakit Layu Bakteri Secara In-vitro Sagala, Yosua Nathanael Itona; Prasetyawati, Endang Triwahyu; Wuryandari, Yenny
Jurnal Proteksi Tanaman Vol 8 No 2 (2024): December 2024
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jpt.8.2.78-87.2024

Bacterial wilt disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is a disease in chili pepper plants (Capsicum annuum) that is difficult to control. One technique to prevent bacterial wilt disease is consortium of antagonistic bacteria such as Pseudomonad fluorescent and Bacillus mycoides. This study aimed to determine whether the consortium of Pseudomonad fluorescent pf-142 and Bacillus mycoides can inhibit R. solanacearum better than a single application in-vitro. This study was conducted in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four treatments (Pseudomonad fluorescent pf-142, B. mycoides, Pseudomonad fluorescent pf-142 + B. mycoides, and control) in six replications, resulting in 24 experimental units. The variables observed were the symptoms of attack and pathogenicity of R. solanacearum, compatibility and inhibitory rate of the consortium of Pseudomonad fluorescens pf-142 and B. mycoides against R. solanacearum. Based on the study, it was known that R. solanacearum caused wilting in chili pepper plants with high virulence. Pseudomonad fluorescent pf-142 and B. mycoides did not produce an inhibition zone, indicating that both were compatible. The consortium of Pseudomonad fluorescent pf-142 and B. mycoides provided the widest inhibition zone, indicating strong antagonistic ability against R. solanacearum.

Effectiveness of Dose and Application Interval of Ocimum sanctum Essential Oil as Bactrocera spp. Attractant on Siamese Orange Plants Amri, Lutfir Rahman; Arneti, Arneti; Reflinaldon, Reflinaldon; Syahrawati, My
Jurnal Proteksi Tanaman Vol 8 No 2 (2024): December 2024
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jpt.8.2.88-98.2024

Fruit flies (Bactrocera spp.) are the most detrimental pests on siamese orange fruit (Citrus nobilis Linnaeus). One technique to control fruit flies that are safe for the environment and do not cause residues on plants is the use of attractants. The research aimed to study the effect of dose and application interval of basil essential oil for fruit fly control on Siamese orange plants. This research was conducted in citrus plantations of Gunung Omeh District, Lima Puluh Kota Regency, West Sumatra, Indonesia, and Insect Bioecology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Andalas. The study used a separate plot design consisting of doses of basil essential oil as the main plot and application intervals as subplots. The observed variables were species and the population of fruit flies. The results of observations found Three species of fruit flies, namely Bactrocera dorsalis, Bactrocera carambolae, and Bactrocera umbrosa, were successfully trapped during the observation with the highest number of catches of 278.33 individuals/trap, 15.33 individuals/trap, and 2.67 individuals/trap, respectively. Basil essential oil with a dose of 1.5 ml and an application interval of 3 days proved to be the most effective combination in trapping fruit flies compared to other doses and intervals. These results indicate that basil essential oil can be a potential alternative attractant in managing fruit fly populations on Siamese orange plants

Acoustic Characteristics of Coconut Leaf Beetle, Brontispa Longissima (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Selvaraj, Ganeshwari; Jalinas, Johari
Jurnal Proteksi Tanaman Vol 8 No 2 (2024): December 2024
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jpt.8.2.99-108.2024

The coconut beetle, Brontispa longissima (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), is a serious pest of coconut trees, where the larvae and adults feed on coconut leaves. This activity produces vibrations that can be detected by acoustic equipment. This study aimed to identify the sound features between larvae and adults using temporal and spectral acoustic detection. Insect samples were collected from infested coconut trees in May 2021 in Penang, Malaysia. Acoustic recording activities were carried out at the Applied Entomology Laboratory using an AED-2010 sensor-preamplifier module. Parameters such as average impulse time, number of impulses, and average activity rate were recorded to examine the temporal aspect. Two parameters used in the spectral analysis were frequency range and dominant frequency (kHz). An Independent two-sample T-test was conducted to compare the mean differences in acoustic parameters between adult and larvae of B. longissima. The results showed that adult B. longissima was more active than larvae. It had higher mean impulse interval time (ms), mean number of impulses, and mean activity rate (impulses/s) than the larvae. However, the results showed that the difference in activity between larvae and adults was insignificant. Furthermore, this acoustic study is critical to understanding the behavior of destructive insects and helps develop more curative and sustainable methods to control B. longissima. Using acoustic methods could assist in evaluating the level of infestation and damaging activity of the insect pest

Pathogenicity and Detection of Phytohormone (Gibberellic Acid and Indole Acetic Acid) Produced by Fusarium spp. that Causes Twisted Disease in Shallot Lestiyani, Ayu; Wibowo, Arif; Subandiyah, Siti
Jurnal Proteksi Tanaman (Journal of Plant Protection) Vol. 5 No. 1 (2021): June 2021
Publisher : Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jpt.5.1.24-33.2021

The twisted disease is one of the essential diseases in shallots caused by Fusarium spp. This study aimed to study pathogenicity and identify Fusarium species isolated from shallot plants with twisted symptoms in Nganjuk and Bantul areas. The Fusarium isolates were identified and then tested for pathogenicity levels and the effect of the hormones GA3 and IAA on shallot symptoms. Molecular identification using NF2 and NF4 successfully identified one isolate of Fusarium oxysporum, three isolates of F. acutatum, and three isolates of F. solani. Each of these species produces different symptoms. Pathogenicity test showed that all isolates had disease incidence reaching 100%, except isolates of F. solani1 causing wilt and F. solani3 causing twisted have the lower disease incidence were 77.8% and 77.7%, respectively. The investigation caused twisted shallot related to different symptoms was tested using the Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) method. The result indicates that all isolates did not find IAA hormone. In contrast, the hormone GA3 was found in F. solani2 and F. solani3 isolates, caused bulb rot and twisted disease, respectively. Detection of IAA, GA3, and other hormones in shallot plants showed different symptoms should be studied further.

Identifikasi dan Penentuan Pohon Filogenetik Spodoptera frugiperda Asal Jawa Berdasarkan Analisis Sekuen MtDNA COI Widarti, Ani; Tauruslina, Enie; Faridah, Idah; Bagariang, Willing; Suyanto, Hadi; Mahmudah, Didah; Susanti, Rista; Maryana, Rosalia; Carwika, Carwika
Jurnal Proteksi Tanaman (Journal of Plant Protection) Vol. 6 No. 1 (2022): June 2022
Publisher : Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jpt.6.1.43-52.2022

Molecular confirmation of the existence of Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on Java Island has not been widely reported. This study aimed to identify the armyworm from Java Island molecularly based on DNA mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (MtDNA COI). There were six armyworms collected from West Java Province (Cirebon - JWB1, Garut - JWB2), Central Java Province (Wonogiri - JWTH), East Java Province (Gresik - JWTR), DI Yogyakarta Province (Bantul - DIY), and Banten Province (Serang - BNT). The results showed that the fall armyworm originating from Java was verified as Spodoptera frugiperda. There were species variations between them, which had species similarity between regions and countries, namely the species similarity of S. frugiperda Java and West Sumatra, as well as to China, Korea, and India. S. frugiperda from Central Java (JWTH), Banten (BNT), West Java 1 (JWB1), and Yogyakarta (DIY) had species similarity to S. frugiperda from Solok (No. Acc. MW876212.1), West Pasaman (No. Acc. MW876211.1), China (No.Acc. MK591010.1) and Korea (No.Acc. MN427930.1). Meanwhile, S. frugiperda West Java (JWB2) and East Java had species similarity to S. frugiperda from India (No. Acc. MT732476.1), Padang Pariaman (No. Acc. MW876208.1), and Tanah Datar (No. Acc. MW876210.1).

Chemical Composition of Cymbopogon flexuosus and C. winterianus Essential Oils and Their Insecticidal Potential Against the Coffee Berry Borer Hypothenemus hampei: Venkateaha Venkatesha, Melally Giddegowda; Kiran, Rudramuni
Jurnal Proteksi Tanaman (Journal of Plant Protection) Vol. 7 No. 2 (2023): December 2023
Publisher : Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jpt.7.2.65-77.2023

Hypothenemus hampei is the most important insect pest of coffee in the world. H. hampei is controlled by using endosulfan and methyl bromide. However, using these two chemicals may pose pesticide resistance, bioaccumulation, and a threat to human health and the environment. This study evaluated the chemical compositions of essential oils from Cymbopogon flexuosus and C. winterianus and their insecticidal potential against H. hampei as an alternative to endosulfan and methyl bromide. The chemical profiles of the two essential oils showed that both constituted biochemically distinct monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes. The main compounds identified in C. flexuosus were citral, geraniol, and isoforms, representing 76.45% of the total composition, and other active ingredients were citronella, caryophyllene, citronellyl acetate, cadinene, linalool, and limonene. The composition of C. winterianus was citronella, nerol, and citronellol as principal components, corresponding to 66.47%, along with other active ingredients elemol, geranyl acetate, citronellyl acetate, germacrene, and limonene. Differential sensitivity of H. hampei adults was observed in the bioassay of two oils, where a dose-dependent increase in mortality was observed. Among two concentrations of both essential oils, 100% mortality was observed at 500 and 1000 ppm within 48 and 24 hours of treatment, respectively. The significant biological activity of both Cymbopogon species oils indicated a potential source for further development of botanical pesticides as an effective, useful alternative for currently used toxic insecticides. Additionally, essential oils of C. flexuosus and C. winterianus and their active ingredients are classified as non-residual insecticides and are eligible for a pesticide registration exemption.

Ability of Beauveria bassiana to suppress Colletotrichum truncatum and increase the growth of chili plants (Capsicum annuum) Yanty, Dini Puspita; Trizelia, Trizelia; Darnetty, Darnetty; Trisno, Jumsu
Jurnal Proteksi Tanaman (Journal of Plant Protection) Vol. 8 No. 1 (2024): June 2024
Publisher : Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jpt.8.1.42-52.2024

Anthracnose is a disease caused by Colletotrichum sp., which can reduce the quality and yield of red chili by 45-60%. This study aimed to determine the ability of different Beauveria bassiana isolates to control anthracnose in chili. The research employed a Randomized Block Design (RBD) consisting of 6 treatments and 5 replications. The treatments included a control and 5 different B. bassiana isolates (PD114, TD312, WS, BbKo, KT2B21). The observed variables included incubation period, disease incidence and severity, plant height, number of leaves, flowering time, and chili fruit weight. The results showed that the application of different B. bassiana isolates have effectively inhibited the development of Colletotrichum truncatum, which caused anthracnose in chili. B. bassiana has demonstrated the ability to prolong the incubation period of C. truncatum (5.40 days) and reduce the percentage of disease incidence (16%). Furthermore, the application of B. bassiana increased the height of chili plants (40.40 cm) and the number of leaves (32 leaves), accelerated the flowering time (42.80 days), and boosted chili production (178.25 g). The WS and TD312 isolates revealed the most significant results. Although the severity of the disease was not impacted, the 2 isolates provided notable agronomic benefits to the chili plants.

Bagaimana Trichoderma Meningkatkan Enzim Pertahanan pada Tanaman Pangan: Pandangan Saat Ini dan Perspektif Masa Depan di Asia Albana, Hasan; Nurbailis, Nurbailis; Darnetty, Darnetty
Jurnal Proteksi Tanaman (Journal of Plant Protection) Vol. 8 No. 2 (2024): December 2024
Publisher : Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jpt.8.2.109-122.2024

Food crops are plants grown for consumption by humans and animals. These crops face threats from both abiotic and biotic factors. Therefore, environmentally friendly alternative controls, such as enhancing plant resistance using Trichoderma spp, are needed. This systematic literature review provides information on the effects of Trichoderma spp. application on plant physiology, particularly focusing on defense enzymes in food crops in the Asian region. Articles on the effects of Trichoderma application on food crop defense enzymes in Asia were retrieved from PubMed and Scopus. The literature search yielded 3,022 articles from these databases. Four criteria were established for study inclusion: i) studies involving Trichoderma spp.; ii) studies using food crops as the subject; iii) studies conducted in Asia; and iv) studies evaluating at least one defense enzyme activity. In this systemic review, we found at least 100 isolates of Trichoderma spp. that can increase plant resistance, as indicated by the increase of plant defense enzymes in Asia. The studies were mostly reported in India and China. Rice is the most frequently studied crop. The most frequently used is T. harzianum. Meanwhile, the defense enzymes tested are peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, chitinase, and β-1,3-glucanase. The most commonly used inoculation method is seed treatment in a controlled environment such as a greenhouse. More research on changes in plant enzymes due to Trichoderma spp. application is recommended to assess its effectiveness in practical, real-world settings, especially in field conditions.

Acoustic Characteristics of Coconut Leaf Beetle, Brontispa Longissima (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Selvaraj, Ganeshwari; Jalinas, Johari
Jurnal Proteksi Tanaman (Journal of Plant Protection) Vol. 8 No. 2 (2024): December 2024
Publisher : Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jpt.8.2.99-108.2024

The coconut beetle, Brontispa longissima (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), is a serious pest of coconut trees, where the larvae and adults feed on coconut leaves. This activity produces vibrations that can be detected by acoustic equipment. This study aimed to identify the sound features between larvae and adults using temporal and spectral acoustic detection. Insect samples were collected from infested coconut trees in May 2021 in Penang, Malaysia. Acoustic recording activities were carried out at the Applied Entomology Laboratory using an AED-2010 sensor-preamplifier module. Parameters such as average impulse time, number of impulses, and average activity rate were recorded to examine the temporal aspect. Two parameters used in the spectral analysis were frequency range and dominant frequency (kHz). An Independent two-sample T-test was conducted to compare the mean differences in acoustic parameters between adult and larvae of B. longissima. The results showed that adult B. longissima was more active than larvae. It had higher mean impulse interval time (ms), mean number of impulses, and mean activity rate (impulses/s) than the larvae. However, the results showed that the difference in activity between larvae and adults was insignificant. Furthermore, this acoustic study is critical to understanding the behavior of destructive insects and helps develop more curative and sustainable methods to control B. longissima. Using acoustic methods could assist in evaluating the level of infestation and damaging activity of the insect pest.

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Hasmiandy Hamid

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Kota padang,

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Abstract

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Abstract

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Abstract

Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name Hasmiandy Hamid

Contact Email Hasmiandy Hamid

Phone -

Journal Mail Official jptfpua@gmail.com

Editorial Address -

Location Kota padang, Sumatera barat INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Contact Name
Hasmiandy Hamid

Contact Email
Hasmiandy Hamid

Phone
-

Journal Mail Official
jptfpua@gmail.com

Editorial Address
-

Location
Kota padang,

Sumatera barat

INDONESIA