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Al-Qadha: Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Perundang-Undangan
Published by Institut Agama Islam Negeri Zawiyah Cot Kala Langsa
ISSN : 23561637     EISSN : 25810103     DOI : 10.32505/10.32505/qadha.
Core Subject : Religion, Social,
Religion Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences
Al-Qadha Journal focuses on the study of Law which is an article of research results and academic thought, this journal is a communication medium for academics, experts, and researchers who care about studying Islamic law and law. The scope of writing is determined in the al-Qadha journal; Jurisprudence of Islamic Family Law and Civil Law issues of legal dispute resolution
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Hukum
Articles 215 Documents
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Implications of Postponing the Distribution of Inheritance from an Islamic Legal Perspective Tanjung, Aminah; Mariadi, Mariadi
Al-Qadha : Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Perundang-Undangan Vol 10 No 2 (2023): Al-Qadha: Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Perundang-Undangan
Publisher : Hukum Keluarga Islam IAIN LANGSA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32505/qadha.v10i2.7200

Abstract

Conflicts between heirs and a reduction in the rights or shares that must be received as a result of some assets being controlled by one party generally result from delays in the community's inheritance distribution. To avoid this, it is crucial to comprehend and be aware of how inheritance is distributed in society from the standpoint of Islamic law. Qualitative research using a normative juridical perspective is the methodology employed. The distribution of inherited assets should not be delayed because the negative impact is greater than the positive impact felt by the community, so it is better for the community to immediately distribute the inherited assets after the heir dies and the costs of arranging the body, paying wills, and paying debts have been completed. The Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI) also specifies what needs to happen when heirs inherit money, as stated in Article 187, and what needs to happen when one family decides not to share the money, as stated in Article 188.
The Legitimacy of Marrying a Pregnant Woman from the Perspectives of Islamic Scholars and Legislation in Indonesia Hanapi, Agustin; Amri, Aulil; Asra, Yusri
Al-Qadha : Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Perundang-Undangan Vol 10 No 2 (2023): Al-Qadha: Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Perundang-Undangan
Publisher : Hukum Keluarga Islam IAIN LANGSA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32505/qadha.v10i2.7328

Abstract

Shotgun marriage is a serious issue that has recently become increasingly common in society. Some men who impregnate women take responsibility and are willing to marry them, while others run away and shirk their responsibility. While some men are willing to marry women who are already pregnant, the perception still exists in some parts of society that those couples must remarry after the children are born and that the children cannot be traced back to the fathers who acknowledge it. This present study aims to answer the following question: what is the legitimacy of marrying a pregnant woman according to Islamic scholars and Indonesian law in the maslahah method? The results of the study reveal that according to Abu Hanifah and his student Muhammad, it is permissible to marry a pregnant woman if the one who marries her is the man who impregnated her. However, the marriage of a pregnant woman to a man who did not impregnate her is still a matter of debate. According to Abu Hanifah and Muhammad, it is permissible, but the man should not have intercourse with her until the child is born. According to Abu Yusuf and Zafar, it is not permissible to marry a woman who is pregnant as a result of zina (fornication) with another man because it is likened to pregnancy without zina. Imam Malik does not allow the marriage of a pregnant woman because of zina and considers such a marriage to be invalid, and the woman must undergo the iddah (waiting) period. Imam Shafi'i, on the other hand, considers shotgun marriage to be valid, regardless of whether the man who marries her is the one who impregnated her or not, and it is permissible for him to have intercourse with her even though she is pregnant because the presence of the fetus does not invalidate the marriage contract. According to the Hanbali scholars, marrying a pregnant woman is not valid unless two things have been done: she has repented and she has waited out the iddah period. Article 53 of the KHI (Kompilasi Hukum Islam/The Compilation of Islamic Law) states that a woman who is pregnant outside of marriage can be married to the man who impregnated her, and the marriage can be solemnized without waiting for the child to be born. However, the KHI should also add a phrase about a man who marries a pregnant woman who is not the one who impregnated her. This permissibility does not mean condoning zina but rather accommodating the interests of Indonesian society, which is in line with the opinion of Imam Shafi’i.
Between Conservatism and Progressivism: The Young Penghulu in East Java's Legal Paradigm Addresses Disability Issues in Marriage Nur Hadi, Mukhammad; Ali Sabri, Fahruddin; Masum, Ahmad
Al-Qadha : Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Perundang-Undangan Vol 10 No 2 (2023): Al-Qadha: Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Perundang-Undangan
Publisher : Hukum Keluarga Islam IAIN LANGSA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32505/qadha.v10i2.7352

Abstract

The legal knowledge of penghulu on disability issues determines how to implement laws that advocate for persons with disabilities. This paper traces the legal paradigm of seven Penghulus in East Java who were newly inducted in 2022 against several articles in the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI) that touch on disability issues. Some of the themes tracked are marriage guardians (article 22), marriage witnesses (article 25), and polygamy (article 57). It is an empirical study using conceptual and philosophical approaches. This article finds that most young East Javanese penghulu still need an advocate interpretation paradigm because they read the articles authentically and grammatically, not sociologically or teleologically. The benefit (maslahah) aspect of these articles is also considered to look more authentic. Therefore, the argument of advocates for the rights of persons with a human rights perspective is not widely involved. As a result, persons with disabilities who are guardians of marriage, witnesses of marriage, and wives can become victims of neglect of fundamental civil rights in marriage. It is where the conservative paradigm of the young penghulu comes into being strong and dominant. The existence of the progressive paradigm is also buried and framed in the current conservative paradigm. This finding is certainly an important note about how the government indirectly shapes the contestation of conservative and progressive paradigms in family law.
The Methodology of Fatwa Issuance and the Impact of the School of Thought (Madhhab) on Fatwas by the North Sumatra MUI Rahmadi, Fuji; Firmansyah, Heri
Al-Qadha : Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Perundang-Undangan Vol 11 No 1 (2024): Al-Qadha: Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Perundang-Undangan
Publisher : Hukum Keluarga Islam IAIN LANGSA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32505/qadha.v11i1.8492

Abstract

Shafi'i madhhab followers constitute a majority among Muslims in North Sumatra. This article aims to explore the fatwa methodology and the impact of madhhab influences on decisions issued by the North Sumatra MUI. The research seeks to identify which Sunni schools of thought guide the MUI's fatwa decisions. This paper addresses two main issues: the methodology employed by the North Sumatra MUI in issuing fatwas, and the influence of madhhab thinking on fatwas, particularly those related to prayers issued between 2000 and 2010. To analyze the fatwa methodology of the North Sumatra MUI, this article employs three theories of legal interpretation: bayāni, ta’līlī and istislāhī. The approach taken in this paper invoããlves content analysis, specifically examining fatwa texts to address the research focus. This study centers on referencing Madhhab perspectives found in the official fatwa decisions of the North Sumatra MUI. This study is crucial to assess the extent of Madhhab influence on issued fatwas, particularly within the regional context at the provincial level. Methodologically, the study found that the North Sumatra MUI employs three approaches in its fatwa process: bayāni, ta'līlī and istislāhī. Regarding the influence of Madhhab thinking, the study discovered that the North Sumatra MUI referenced the viewpoints of the four Madhhabs' imams in the three fatwas analyzed. Based on this research, it is evident that the fatwas draw from not only the Shafi'i school but also from the other three schools. Among the fatwas analyzed, the Hanafi school predominates, appearing in all three cases, with the Shafi'i school appearing twice, and the Maliki and Hanbali schools each appearing once.
Critiques Towards Family Law in Egypt Through the Work of Nawal El Saadawi Permana, Dede; Naffati, Abdel Kader; Jambunanda, Ahmad Jamaludin
Al-Qadha : Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Perundang-Undangan Vol 11 No 1 (2024): Al-Qadha: Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Perundang-Undangan
Publisher : Hukum Keluarga Islam IAIN LANGSA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32505/qadha.v11i1.8530

Abstract

The history of family law reform in Islamic World can’t be separated from contributions of the thoughts of the Islamic scholars from time to time. One of them is Nawal el Saadawi's contribution through her criticism of family law in Egypt. This article aims to discuss some of Nawal's criticisms based on two questions. First, what is Nawal el Saadawi's criticism of family law in Egypt? Second, what solution does Nawal offer to realize a family law that - she calls - is just? By answering both of the questions, it is hoped that this study will provide inspiration for academics and legal practitioners in their efforts to find a gender-just family law format. The method used in this research is qualitative with library research, namely by examining library sources that are relevant to the research theme. The results of this research are, first, material in Egyptian family law relating to divorce procedures, polygamy, bait at tho'ah, living and hadhanah, which Nawal considers is still discriminatory towards women. This discrimination occurs because the state ignores patriarchal culture in society. Second, in Nawal's view, efforts to realize just family law must be started from strengthening the principle of freedom of thought among Islamic scholars and legal practitioners.
Seeking Justice: Criticizing the Decision of the Tapak Tuan District Court Number 37/Pid.Sus/2020/PN. Ttn Regarding Domestic Violence Lubis, Andi Hakim; Sitompul, Ariman; Pinem , Serimin; Zulyadi , Rizkan; Siagian, Fahrizal
Al-Qadha : Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Perundang-Undangan Vol 11 No 1 (2024): Al-Qadha: Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Perundang-Undangan
Publisher : Hukum Keluarga Islam IAIN LANGSA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32505/qadha.v11i1.8591

Abstract

The research aimed to analyze the alignment between the judge's decision in cases of domestic violence against children and the provisions of Law Number 23 of 2004 on the Elimination of Domestic Violence and Qonun Number 9 of 2019 on the Implementation of Handling Violence Against Women and Children. The study also considered moral considerations and the overall benefits. The research methodology employs a case law study, which involves examining court decisions to get insight into the application of the law in specific circumstances. Specifically, the study focuses on the Decision of the Tapak Tuan District Court Judge Number 37/Pid.Sus/2020/PN. Case law is utilized to examine court rulings to comprehend how the law is implemented in specific instances. The library research method is employed in conjunction with a sociological juridical perspective. The data for the research is sourced from the Law and various pertinent articles addressing the research difficulties. Furthermore, to bolster the ideas of the study, the paper also incorporates the findings of several empirical studies. According to the findings, it appears that the judge primarily focuses on formal factors and gives little weight to material considerations in their decision-making process. This aligns with the viewpoint expressed by Member Judge II and the concurring opinion within the panel of judges. However, the author acknowledges and values the decision made by the panel of judges. The author recognizes the challenging nature of the judges' task, as they must not only consider the legal interests involved in the case, but also consider the community's sense of justice in order to achieve legal certainty.
State and Fiqh: Examination of the Legal Status of Divorce in Verstek Decision Number 2939/Pdt.G/2023/PA.Mdn Maswandi, Maswandi; Frensh, Wenggedes; Siregar, Fitri Yanni Dewi; Hidayani, Sri
Al-Qadha : Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Perundang-Undangan Vol 11 No 1 (2024): Al-Qadha: Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Perundang-Undangan
Publisher : Hukum Keluarga Islam IAIN LANGSA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32505/qadha.v11i1.8722

Abstract

This research is grounded in Decision Number: 2939/Pdt.G/2023, wherein the presiding magistrate rendered a verdict of Verstek in his consideration of the case. In such cases, the decision is rendered by the court in the absence of either the defendant or their legal representative. The validity of a verstek verdict in the context of the legitimacy of a marriage may be contingent upon the applicable legislation within the jurisdiction in question; thus, this investigation will consider both positive law and Islamic law. The objective of this article is to undertake a critical analysis of the decision rendered in Decision Number: 2939/Pdt.G/2023, which pertains to the use of a verstek decision to terminate a marriage due to childlessness, followed by disputes and quarrels. This research is a normative legal study with a case-based approach. The principal data source is derived from court decisions in the field of marriage law. The analysis reveals that, in Decision Number: 2939/Pdt.G/2023, a verdict of divorce by verstek is considered valid if the stipulated procedures have been followed correctly and the party who is required to be present or provide a defence does not do so without a valid reason. Islamic law also establishes principles of justice and protection of individual rights, including in the marriage process. Accordingly, the legitimacy of a marriage concluded through a verstek verdict may be contingent upon the interpretation of Islamic schools of thought and the legal principles that are embraced. Likewise, in the context of marriage law in Indonesia, a verstek decision in a verstek divorce case can be recognized as valid if it has fulfilled the requirements stipulated in the law. Thus, to determine whether a verstek decision in a marriage is valid or not, it is necessary to consider the applicable legal context, both in terms of civil law and in terms of Islamic law (fiqh) or the applicable marriage law.
The Position of the Van Dading Deed in the Settlement of Joint Property Disputes: Study of Decision 901/Pdt.G/2023/PA. Tmg Julisa Sistyawan, Dwanda; Abdulah Pakarti, Muhammad Husni; Kurniawan, Lexy Fatharany; Judijanto, Loso; Makkawaru, Zulkifli
Al-Qadha : Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Perundang-Undangan Vol 11 No 1 (2024): Al-Qadha: Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Perundang-Undangan
Publisher : Hukum Keluarga Islam IAIN LANGSA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32505/qadha.v11i1.8811

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the use of Van Dading deed in decision 901/Pdt.G/2023/PA. Tmg. Departing from the problem that the Van Dading Deed plays an important role in the settlement of joint property disputes in Indonesia, by providing legal certainty and an efficient settlement mechanism. This research is a doctrinal study with a case approach. This approach is used to analyze court decisions on Van Dading deeds. Legal materials are obtained from court decisions and to strengthen the analysis, this research also uses several scientific articles and research results related to this research issue in order to produce a sharp analysis. This study explores the legal position of Akta Van Dading in the Indonesian legal system, particularly in the context of joint property disputes. This deed, which is produced through mediation, has the same executorial power as a court judgment, ensuring that the agreement reached will be implemented without the need for additional litigation. A case example in this study is Decision 901/Pdt.G/2023/PA.Tmg, which demonstrates the effectiveness of Akta Van Dading in achieving an amicable and binding settlement. Through mediation facilitated by a mediator, the parties to the dispute were able to reach a fair and sustainable agreement. Thus, the Deed of Van Dading not only reduces the court's workload but also encourages faster settlements and lower costs. This research confirms the importance of Akta Van Dading as an essential legal instrument in achieving justice and legal certainty in the settlement of joint property disputes in Indonesia.
Religious and Cultural Diversity in Inheritance Law: A Discussion on the Impact of Judicial Will Considerations on the National Legal System in Indonesia Najamudin, Najamudin; Fautanu, Idzam; Najib, Moh.; Kania, Dede; Ridwan, Ahmad Hasan
Al-Qadha : Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Perundang-Undangan Vol 11 No 1 (2024): Al-Qadha: Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Perundang-Undangan
Publisher : Hukum Keluarga Islam IAIN LANGSA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32505/qadha.v11i1.8833

Abstract

The obligatory will regulated in Article 209 of the Compilation of Islamic Law is only for adoptive parents and adopted children, there is no obligatory will for heirs of different religions. On the other hand, there is a need for legal provisions that present a solution to provide part of the inheritance to heirs who do not receive inheritance due to religious differences. The purpose of this research is to analyze the important obligatory will in terms of its necessity, as well as a study of the obligatory will in terms of the procedure or implementation of the obligatory will itself in resolving disputes in court with legal considerations that are certain, fair and beneficial. The research method uses a qualitative method with a normative juridical approach. Primary data was obtained from regulations, laws, verdict numbers: 368 K/AG/1995, 51 K/AG/1999, 16 K/AG/2010, 721 K/AG/2015, 218 K/AG/2016 and 331 K/AG/2018. Supreme Court Decision No. 331 K/AG/2018 as well as the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI) article 209 and regulations governing mandatory wills, secondary, tertiary data obtained from library studies, books, documents, journals and so on that have the same relevance to this research. The analysis process uses a legal logic approach, which analyzes the norms and laws or regulations that apply in depth, radically, systematically, and logically. The results of this study concluded that the dynamics of religious court decisions regarding compulsory bequests for heirs of different religions vary greatly, some are granted and some are rejected, the consideration depends on the sitting of the case that is disputed in the religious court, while the granting of compulsory bequests for heirs of different religions refers to the opinion who allows it as long as it is a will and the different religion in question is not kafir dzimmi. The effect of this decision becomes jurisprudence as part of the source of law for judges at levels below the Supreme Court. The contribution of the religious court's decision on this matter is that it can become a permanent jurisprudence so that it is proposed as a new article in KHI to fill in the missing article regarding mandatory wills for heirs of different religions.
Legal Politics of Changes to Marriage Laws in Indonesia Hanafi, Syawaluddin
Al-Qadha : Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Perundang-Undangan Vol 11 No 1 (2024): Al-Qadha: Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Perundang-Undangan
Publisher : Hukum Keluarga Islam IAIN LANGSA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32505/qadha.v11i1.8867

Abstract

The research aims to analyze changes to articles in Law Number 16 of 2019 concerning Marriage which are the result of revisions to previous provisions, namely Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage. This research is a juridical research by analyzing legal politics regarding changes in marriage law using a statutory approach, case approach, conceptual approach, and legal comparative approach. The results of this research are: First, the revision carried out by the government still leaves legal problems, this is based on the decision of the Constitutional Court in several judicial reviews of Law no. 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage. Second, the age limit regulated in Law no. 16 of 2019 concerning Marriage is not yet ideal and synergistic with other statutory provisions. Third, the purpose of the amendment to Law no. 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage is to reduce legal problems in society. On the other hand, the same problems still occurred when the previous provisions were implemented, such as the death rate for girls who married at a young age, the increasing number of requests for marriage dispensations, and the failure to achieve the marriages desired by law. However, changes to the marriage age limit provisions at least attempt to minimize cases of early child marriage in Indonesia.

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