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INDONESIA
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
ISSN : 19783019     EISSN : 20864094     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences (HAYATI J Biosci) publishes articles and short communication in tropical bioscience fields such as development, biotechnology, biodiversity and environmental issues. HAYATI J Biosci covers wide range of all life forms topics including virus, microbes, fungi, plants, animal and human. HAYATI J Biosci has been also indexed/registered in Crossref, DOAJ, CABI, EBSCO, Agricola and ProQuest.
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Articles 20 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 31 No. 3 (2024): May 2024" : 20 Documents clear
Parang Romang (Boehmeria virgata (Frost.) Guill.): Correlation of Phytochemistry with Antioxidant and Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Activities Arsul, Muhammad Ikhlas; Fidrianny, Irda; Insanu, Muhamad
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 31 No. 3 (2024): May 2024
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.31.3.457-464

Abstract

Secondary metabolites such as phenolic and flavonoid from the plant are essential in their activity, especially activities related to the prevention of oxidation and the inhibition of xanthine oxidase. One plant that is believed to have prevention of oxidation and XOI and correlates with secondary metabolites is parang romang. The purpose of this study is to assess the antioxidant capacity and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activities of parang romang, and to examine their relationship with the TPC and TFC. Total phenolic and flavonoid were measured for all parts, and the DPPH, FRAP, and CUPRAC methods determined antioxidant capacity. The activity of xanthine oxidase inhibition was also assessed. Flavonoids, alkaloids, and coumarin were found in parang romang. The steroid/triterpenoid was found in the stem, leaves, and flower; saponin was in the roots and flower; quinone and tannin were only in the roots. The root gave the highest of TPC, while the flower had the highest TFC. The highest antioxidant capacity was found in roots, leaves, flowers, and stems. The highest xanthine oxidase inhibitory was given by leaves (9.74±0.14 µg/ml), followed by flower, steam, and rood. The correlation was shown between the phenolic and flavonoid quantities and the actions of antioxidants and xanthine oxidase inhibitors.
Effect of Toxoplasma Infection Dosage on IgG, IgM, Fetus Weight and Body Length, and Necrosis of Placenta and Fetal Heart Nurinasari, Hafi; Sajidan; Purwanto, Bambang; Indarto, Dono; Subekti, Didik T
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 31 No. 3 (2024): May 2024
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.31.3.596-602

Abstract

One of the most prevalent zoonotic illnesses in the world, toxoplasmosis, affects both humans and animals and is caused by the parasite Toxoplasma gondii. The infection will trigger the immune system to increase antibody production. This study aims to determine the dose of toxoplasma that causes necrosis in rats placental and fetal hearts. This study was laboratory experimental research with a Randomized Control Trial (RCT). The study design used a post-test only with a control group design. The Ig G variable obtained from the control group (CG) and treatment group 3 (TG3) is the most significant because the mean value difference was the largest (176.56). The Ig M variable obtained from the control group with treatment group 3 (TG3) is the most significant because the mean value difference is the largest (33.47). The fetus weight variable obtained from the control group with treatment group 3 (TG3) is the most significant because the mean value difference is the largest (2.6). The body length variable obtained from the control group between treatment group 3 (TG3) is the most significant because the mean value difference is the largest (1.26). There was a significant difference in placental tissue necrosis (p = 0.034) and heart (p = 0.025) between the control group (CG) and treatment group 3 (TG3). Therefore, there was a significant difference in Ig G, Ig M, fetus weight, body length, placental tissue necrosis, and fetal heart at the 10³ dose compared to the 102, 101, and normal doses.
In Vitro Medium-Term Storage of Banana Cultivar ‘Barangan’ Using Alginate-Encapsulation Technique Indrayanti, Reni; Wulandari, Nadia Fitria; Sutanto, Agus; Asharo, Rizal Koen; Adisyahputra
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 31 No. 3 (2024): May 2024
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.31.3.603-612

Abstract

In vitro medium-term storage using the alginate-encapsulation technique is essential for conserving plant genetic resources, preserving vegetatively propagated species by controlling the growth and development of explants, and maintaining plant biodiversity. The study aimed to obtain the optimum combination medium for the encapsulation of bananas and evaluate the viability of the alginate-encapsulated explants after storage. In vitro, medium- term storage of nodule-like meristem of banana cultivar ‘Barangan’ was performed using sodium alginate, paclobutrazol (PBZ), and Murashige and Skoog (MS) salt. This research consists of 3 stages: (1) Initiation and multiplication of in vitro shoots and nodule-like meristems; (2) In vitro medium-term storage of banana by encapsulation technique; (3) Regeneration of nodule-like meristem explants after in vitro storage. This research showed that the banana's number of nodule-like meristem was optimum on media supplemented with thidiazuron (TDZ) 0.22 mgL-1 and indole 3-acetic acid (IAA) 1.75 mgL-1. Encapsulation explant of nodules-like meristems using 3% sodium alginate in full and half-strength MS salt medium supplemented with PBZ 2.5 mgL-1 and incubated in liquid MS medium was able to store nodule-like meristem for six months. The color of the explants remains green, and the capsule is not damaged. Sub-culture of nodule-like meristem after storage in MS salt medium containing TDZ 0.22 mgL-1 and IAA 1.75 mgL-1 showed that nodules-like meristems could regenerate to form new shoots and nodule-like meristem three months after sub-cultured. This research concludes that encapsulated nodule-like meristem was recorded until six months of storage. PBZ was a necessary retardant in minimizing the growth during storage.
Mangroves in Alas Purwo National Park, Indonesia: Diversity and Its Potential Carbon Services Samsu Rijal, Seftiawan; Furqon, M. Tanzil; Kadhafi, Muammar; Supriatin, Febriyani Eka; Aprillianto, Riqki Yoga
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 31 No. 3 (2024): May 2024
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.31.3.589-595

Abstract

Mangroves are important ecosystems that help prevent global warming by storing carbon. A study in Alas Purwo National Park aimed to identify the species diversity and estimate the market value of total carbon from each mangrove species. The study used field sampling and diversity indexes. The study found that the study area has high diversity, with Shannon-Weiner, Margalef, and Pielou's Indexes of H' = 2.276, J = 0.949, and R = 1.453, respectively. Rhizophora apiculata was the dominant species with Above-Ground Carbon (AGC) and Below-Ground Carbon (BGC) stocks of about 34.73 Mg C Ha-1 and an economic value of $1,605, the highest among other species. The results of this study can help improve our understanding of the role of mangrove characteristics for both ecology and the economy.
Begomovirus Infection Patterns in Melons of Indonesian Lowlands: Growth Trends Among Ecosystems and Genotypes Hadi, Rizko; Hartono, Sedyo; Daryono, Budi Setiadi
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 31 No. 3 (2024): May 2024
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.31.3.498-506

Abstract

Melon plants are challenged with diseases caused by begomovirus. To understand the epidemiology, ecology, and evolution of this genus, information about its temporal and spatial patterns of infection in specific ecosystems is needed. This paper aimed to report begomovirus infections in melon plants cultivated in greenhouse ecosystems under local climactic conditions in the Indonesian lowlands. To achieve this goal, we determined the begomovirus infection rates, plant physiological characteristics, and whitefly number. The data obtained were then analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Pearson’s correlation. We documented the symptoms of begomovirus infection in melon plants cultivated in Indonesian lowlands. We also documented begomovirus infections in melon plants, which increased from the first exposure to after the reproductive phase. In different artificial ecosystems, we explained differential patterns of begomovirus infections in melon plants. Finally, we captured the variation in infection conditions found among melon host genotypes.
Effect of Drought Stress on Proline Gene Expression, Enzyme Activity, and Physiological Responses in Thai Mulberry (Morus spp.) Nutthapornnitchakul, Surapa; Sonjaroon, Weerasin; Putthisawong, Nutdanai; Thumthuan, Natnicha; Tasanasuwan, Piyama; Jantasuriyarat, Chatchawan
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 31 No. 3 (2024): May 2024
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.31.3.559-571

Abstract

Mulberries are vital for the silk industry as the sole natural food for silkworms, but their quality and quantity can be greatly impacted by environmental factors, notably water shortages or droughts. In this study, the proline content and expression levels of the Pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase (P5CR) gene in four recommended Thai mulberry varieties (Sakhonnakorn, Sakhonnakorn 85, Burirum 60, and Srisaket 84) and one standard drought tolerant variety (SRCM9809-34) were measured under drought stress. Additionally, physiological data and antioxidative enzymatic activities were also examined. The findings revealed that SRCM9809-34, a drought-tolerant variety, had the lowest proline content, followed by Sakhonnakorn 85, Burirum 60, while the highest proline content was observed in Srisaket 84. Although there was no correlation between the expression level of the P5CR gene and proline content, the overall trend in all varieties was the same: proline content increased after drought conditions. Regarding physiological responses, the wilting score showed similar results to proline content, with SRCM9809-34 having the lowest proline content and wilting score. Moreover, SRCM9809-34 exhibited the highest RWC, Pn and WUE values, as well as the lowest level of MDA and H2O2. Our results validated and indicated that SRCM9809-34 is a drought-tolerant variety. From this finding, among the four Thai mulberry varieties, Sakhonnakorn 85 exhibited the highest potential for drought tolerance, and this potential can be enhanced through crossbreeding with SRCM9809-34.
Biodiversity of Mangrove Brachyuran Crabs of Family Ocypodidae and Sesarmidae in Koto XI Tarusan District, West Sumatera, Indonesia Kamal, Eni; Yuspardianto; Wulandari, Dwieke Putri; Fitriyani; Lubis, Amelia Sriwahyuni
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 31 No. 3 (2024): May 2024
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.31.3.507-516

Abstract

The Mangrove ecosystem is an ecosystem that is around the edge of the coast and many organisms live in this ecosystem, one of them is crabs. The crabs that are often found are deposit crabs from the Ocypodidae and Sesarmidae families that act as balancers in the mangrove ecosystem. This study aimed to analyze species, diversity, evenness, and dominance in the mangrove vegetation area of Koto XI Tarusan District, West Sumatera, Indonesia. The method used is the descriptive method. The biodiversity of brachyuran crabs’ families, Ocypodidae and Sesarmidae, was analyzed with the Shannon-Wiener index (H’). Four indices were calculated for crabs Ocypodidae and Sesarmidae: species identification, Shannon-wiener (H’) diversity, evenness, and dominance indices. The results showed that there were six species of deposited crabs from the Ocypodidae and Sesarmidae families, namely Uca bellator, U. rosea, Perisesarma eumolpe, P. plicatum, Sarmatium germaimi, and Sesarma curoense. The most abundant species (Di) came from the family Sesarmidae. However, for all stations, diversity (H') has a value that is in the medium category, and evenness (E) is in the high category at each station. The dominance (D) obtained a value categorized as low at each observation station. The condition of environmental parameters in the mangrove vegetation area is included in the category of a good environment. It is still within normal limits for the crabs of the Ocypodidae and Sesarmidae families to live. Two substrate types are found in each observation path: muddy and sandy mud.
The Potential of Weissella confusa K2 Isolated from Longan (Dimocarpus longan) Fruit as High Exopolysaccharide-Producing Strain Ma'unatin, Anik; Khoirumiyah, Afifatul Fitri
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 31 No. 3 (2024): May 2024
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.31.3.539-547

Abstract

Isolation of Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) from various sources has previously been carried out to obtain strains that produce high of exopolysaccharide (EPS). Isolate K2, which was LAB isolated from longan (Dimocarpus longan) fruit, can produce EPS. This study aimed to identify isolate K2, and evaluated the effect of supplementation carbon sources (glucose, fructose, sucrose, and lactose) and pH of media (4, 5, 6, 7, and 8) on EPS production. Isolate K2 was identified as Weissella confusa molecularly based on 16S rDNA, the type of carbon source, and the pH of media had significant effects (P<0.05) on EPS production. W. confusa K2 produced EPS that was highest on media with the supplementation of sucrose as a carbon source and produced the lowest EPS on lactose. The amount of EPS produced by W. confusa K2 under alkaline was higher than under acidic, the highest EPS of 47.703 g/L at pH 8 and the lowest EPS at pH 4 of 1.858 g/L. The physical properties showed EPS has good solubility in water with the solubility and Water Holding Capacity (WHC) at 40.533% and 354% respectively. Based on Surface morphology of EPS with Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis, the surface structure of EPS was a porous polymer matrix. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometer (FTIR) results of EPS showed the presence of absorption bands as characteristic of carbohydrates, such as the presence of O-H, C-H, C=O, C=C, C-O-C groups, and glycosidic bonds.
The Study of Exogenous Auxin and Cytokinins in Embryogenesis and Fiber Genes Expression during In Vitro Regeneration of Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Mufadilah, Mitha Aprilia; Thamrin , Nurhaliza; Puspito, Agung Nugroho; Ubaidillah, Mohammad
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 31 No. 3 (2024): May 2024
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.31.3.517-529

Abstract

The efficiency of regeneration media, based on the morpho-cytochemical response and embryogenesis gene expression of widely cultivated cotton in Indonesia (Gossypium hirsutum L.), needs to be studied further. This study's objectives are to identify the effect of 2,4-D and IBA hormones on the morphology and induction of cotton callus; to determine the effect of regeneration media on the morphology, cytochemical, and gene expression of cotton plant during embryogenesis. This study was conducted by inducing cotton callus on MS0 medium, MS Basal + 0.1 mg/L 2,4-D and MS Basal + 0.1 mg/L IBA. The best callus induction results were regenerated on the regeneration media, namely M1 (MS Vitamin + 0.01 ppm 2,4-D + 0.3 ppm IBA + 0.5 ppm Kinetin), M2 (MS Vitamin + 0.01 ppm 2,4-D + 0.5 ppm IBA + 0.5 ppm Kinetin), M3 (MS Vitamin + 0.00 ppm 2,4-D + 0.3 ppm IBA + 0.5 ppm Kinetin), and M4 (MS Vitamin + 0, 00 ppm 2,4- D + 0.5 ppm IBA + 0.5 ppm Kinetin). The embryogenesis gene expression was observed. The best morphological results for callus induction were obtained on MS Basal + 0.1 mg/L 2,4-D medium with a compact and white callus, indicates high embryogenic and regeneration ability. The highest percentage of regenerated callus parameters was found in M2 media and further confirmed by cytochemical characterization. Embryogenesis genes expressed were GhSERK1, GhSERK2, LEC, GhWUS, and GhWOX11. Other fiber-related genes GhMYB25-like, GhHD-1, and F3H were also expressed during the embryogenesis.
Diversity of 17 Genotypes of Taro Based on Anatomy and Nutritional Value of Tuber Cahyanti, Lutfy Ditya; Didy Sopandie; Edi Santosa; Heni Purnamawati
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 31 No. 3 (2024): May 2024
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.31.3.465-473

Abstract

Indonesia is one of the countries with the greatest diversity of taro variety, while the study of taro's morphology and nutritional characteristics is limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anatomical of plant and nutritional value of taro tuber. This research observed fourteen genotypes of Colacasia esculenta (7 Eddoe types, 7 Dasheen types) and 3 Xanthosoma genotypes. In three blocks of replications, the eddoe and Xanthosoma genotypes were cultivated using cormel and the dasheen genotypes with sucker. Plant anatomy (leaf, stem, and root) and tuber nutritional characteristics were analyzed. From this research, explained that stomata and epidermis number, length from stomata and epidermis, number leaf epidermis, length of leaf and stem epidermis, also length of root epidermis, endodermis, cortex, and stele among 17 genotypes of taro were statistically different. The diversity of taro based on the nutrition content of tuber between 17 genotypes of taro was considered high, as represented by water, ash, fat, protein, carbohydrate, energy, and glucomannan, which were statistically different.

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