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INDONESIA
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Published by Official Organ of Indian Association of Medico-Legal Expert
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
Articles 5,497 Documents
 428   429   430   431   432 
Environmental Factors and Leprosy in Mother and Child: A Study in Endemic Areas in East Java, Indonesia Flora Ramona Sigit Prakoeswa; Hardyanto Soebono; Dominicus Husada; Hari Basuki Notobroto; Muhammad Yulianto Listiawan; Anang Endaryanto; Cita Rosita Sigit Prakoeswa
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14726

Abstract

Background: Leprosy is a chronic infection caused by Mycobacterium leprae. In endemic locations,children become vulnerable as a result of being continuously exposed to foci of active transmission from avery young age, especially from their mothers. This study aims to find association between environmentalrisk factors and leprosy in mothers and children in endemic areas.Methods: This study is a case-control study in endemic areas in Tuban Regency, East Java Province,Indonesia. Retrieval of data was done using structured questionnaire and direct measurement. Chi-squarewas used to assess the association between environmental factors and leprosy in mothers and children groups.Results: 22 pairs of cases and 57 pairs of controls were examined. It is found that access to clean wateris associated with leprosy in mothers in endemic areas (p value = 0.047, OR 3.080, CI 95% 2.232-4.251).Environmental factors are not associated with pediatric leprosy in endemic areas.Conclusion: The results of our study show that environmental factors are not associated with pediatricleprosy in endemic areas. Access to clean water is associated with leprosy in mothers in endemic areas.
Estimation of Stature from Hand Measurements. A Population based Study Fouzia Hameed; Vina Vaswani; Viswakanth B
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14727

Abstract

A prospective study was carried out in the department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, KanachurInstitute of Medical sciences, Mangaluru in 2016. The aim of the study was to evaluate the stature fromhand length and hand breadth in Dakshina Kannada population. Materials and method: The study groupcomprised of 100 individuals of ages ranging from 22-45 years of both males and females (50 males and 50females) residing in Dakshina Kannada. Individuals were selected randomly who attended Kanachur hospitalin the age group of 22-45 years of both males and females. Written informed consent was taken from eachindividual. Ethical clearance was obtained from Yenepoya University to carry out the study. Materials usedwere stadiometer, digital caliper. Results: The linear regression analysis and multiple regression equationwere obtained for both males and females. Conclusion: Linear regression equation is useful in estimatingstature than multiple regressions. To denote a population it is always better to do on a larger sample size toget accuracy of the results.
Potential Effect of Djambal Catfish (Pangasius djambal) Gelatin as Biomaterial Product on Healing Socket after Tooth Extraction in Rats Fredy Mardiyantoro; Nenny Prasetyaningrum; Miftakhul Cahyati; Zefry Zainal Abidin; Norifumi Nakamura
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14728

Abstract

Purpose: Adequate wound healing after a tooth extraction is significant because the oral cavity has amasticatory function and plays a role in nutrient intake. Various scientific studies have been conducted tofind the ideal biomaterial to support wound healing. This study aims to determine the wound healing activityusing Djambal Catfish (Pangasius djambal) gelatin after tooth extraction.Method: Gelatin was obtained from Djambal Catfish (Pangasius djambal). The sample was selected byrandom sampling, divided into 6 groups, namely the control group on the 3rd day (n=6), the control groupon the 5th day (n=6), the control group on the 7th day (n=6), the treatment group on the 3rd day (n=6), thetreatment group on the 5th day (n=6), and the treatment on the 7th day (n=6). Wound healing was examinedby evaluating wound healing marker such as macrophages, fibroblasts, epithelialization, angiogenesis, andcollagen. Data were processed using statistical analysis.Results: The treatments had a positive result in wound healing as compared with the control groups.Histological assessment showed a remarkable sign of an increased number of macrophage, fibroblast,epithelialization, and collagen deposition.Conclusion: Gelatin derived from Djambal Catfish (Pangasius djambal) can accelerate the wound healingprocess thus could be a component therapeutic potential product that may be beneficial in wound healing inthe future.
The D614G Mutation in Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Spike Glycoprotein: A MiniReport Arif Nur Muhammad Ansori
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14729

Abstract

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a quickly spreading virus that posesa major burden on global human health. Thus, it is essential to develop COVID-19 vaccines. Vaccinedevelopment might not be easy, as a consequence of mutations. This study aimed to demonstrate the D614Gmutation in SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein from Indonesia. 102 isolates from the GISAID EpiCoVdatabase and the Wuhan-Hu-1 isolate (reference sequence) from GenBank, NCBI were used in this study.BioEdit employed to examine the D614G mutation in the spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2. In this report,there are 56 D614G mutations among 102 SARS-CoV-2 isolates. In summary, this report might suggestthat the D614G mutation implicates the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. Nevertheless, this report was apreliminary study and this study recommends expanding molecular epidemiology and surveillance programsto monitor COVID-19
Alpinia galanga or Lengkuas (Zingiberaceae): A Possible Treatment for COVID-19 Arif Nur Muhammad Ansori
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14730

Abstract

Alpinia galanga (Zingiberaceae) or lengkuas is one type of herbal plant that is widely grown in SoutheastAsia. Various countries cultivate this medicinal plant, including Indonesia. This medicinal plant has a varietyof benefits and also be used as a treatment for many diseases. Although the lengkuas rhizome is the mostwidely used and studied part of the plant, the flower on the lengkuas can also provide additional advantages,such as antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Therefore, this study aimed to demonstrate lengkuas for thefuture prospects against SARS-CoV-2. In summary, this study suggests that lengkuas might be useful as atreatment for COVID-19, although further studies could be conducted to confirm the results of computationalstudies.
Discovery of Therapeutic Targets and Potential Drugs to Fight Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV-2): A Review Arif Nur Muhammad Ansori
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14731

Abstract

SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19, has led to more than two million deaths worldwide. Thereare currently no specific therapies approved to treat COVID-19 and drug repositioning, rather than newdrug discovery, which may be the best short-term option for controlling the pandemic. In this review, theauthor discusses important viral targets such as the papain-like protease, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase,3-chymotrypsin-like protease, and spike protein. The information about chemical compounds and targetsprovided in this review will aid further in vitro and in vivo studies to discover drugs to treat COVID-19.
In Silico Study of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Candidate: Spike Glycoprotein Arif Nur Muhammad Ansori
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14732

Abstract

This study aimed to perform the analysis of toxicity prediction, allergenicity prediction, and in silico cloningof peptides originated from SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein in the previous study. Allergenicity predictionemployed AllerPred to predict the non-allergen peptides and toxicity prediction performed using ToxinPred.Then, this study designed the in silico cloning of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein with pET-28a(+) usingSnapGene software. Therefore, this study successfully constructed the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate viain silico method. Therefore, these data could be used to design a peptide-based vaccine against SARSCoV-2. However, the advanced study is recommended confirmation, such as in vitro and in vivo study
Formulation and In Vitro Evaluation of Nimodipine as an Orodispersible Film Ghadah Hamid Naji; Khansaa Hattam Abdul-Jabar
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14733

Abstract

The objective of this study is to prepare nimodipine as orodispersible films by using solvent casting methodin order to enhance its oral bioavailability and improve patient compliance. Nimodipine is a calcium channelblocker belongs to class II, it used to improve neurologic outcome following subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH) by reducing the incidence and severity of ischemic deficits. ODFs were prepared using three typesfilm forming polymers with different concentration HPMC E3, HPMC E5 and HPMC E15, using (Glycerin)as plasticizer and (Poloxamer 407) as surfactant. The effect of different concentrations and types of polymers,on mechanical properties such as (folding endurance and percent of elongation) and the in-vitro evaluationparameters such (disintegration time, surface pH, weight variation and dissolution profile) were evaluated.HPMC E5 films showed slightly higher cumulative % drug release than films of HPMC E3 and HPMC E15at the same concentration of plasticizer and surfactant
Association of Genetic Polymorphisms with Risperidone Treatment Response in Schizophrenia: A Review Gina Sabila; Rano K. Sinuraya
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14735

Abstract

Background: Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder characterized by positive, negative, and cognitivesymptoms that affect the quality of life. Risperidone is widely known as second-generation antipsychoticthat is effective to treat schizophrenia. Unlike the first-generation antipsychotic, risperidone has a lowerimpact on the extrapyramidal adverse effect. However, individually, the risperidone treatment response maybe different caused by the genetic polymorphisms. This review aims to examine the association of geneticpolymorphisms with risperidone treatment response in schizophrenia.Method: The review was conducted using the Pubmed database and 49 articles included in this reviewamong 80 articles obtained in an initial search. The result showed genetic polymorphisms which affectsrisperidone therapy include DRD2, genetic polymorphisms on serotonin, cytochrome P450, BDNF, COMT,and ABCB1. Those polymorphisms might increase or decrease pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamicprofile of risperidone. In addition, genetic polymorphisms also contributed to the risk of metabolic syndromeand hyperprolactinemia induced by risperidone treatment.Conclusion: Based on those findings, several genetic polymorphisms had an association with therapeuticoutcomes and side effect after risperidone treatment. Genetic polymorphisms screening may be useful fordrug choices or dosage adjustment that safer and effective for patients.
Evaluation of the Relationship between Ossification of Sternal Joints and Age with Multi-Slice CT Scan Gokhan Gokalp; Selman Candan
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14736

Abstract

Objective: Sternum radiograph is used in determination of age after 21 years old according to manubriosternalbody (MB) and xiphisternal joint body (XB) ossification. In this study, we intend to estimate age usingmulti-slice CT images as radiographs have lower sensitivity and CT images demonstrate ossification better.Materials and Methods: Multi-slice thorax CT images found in PACS archive are evaluated retrospectively.Cases between 21-65 years old are selected. Coronal reconstruction images were obtained. MB and XB jointossification presence and degree are evaluated in respective age groups. MB joint ossification is gradedas 0-3 and XB joint ossification graded as 0-1. Relation between variables is examined with Spearmancorrelation coefficient. Threshold for age variable is calculated using ROC analysis.Results: Multi-slice CT images of 396 cases are examined (198 females, 198 males). In females and males,MB and XB fusion was seen to start between age group of 21-25 years but there were complete fusion ina few. In 61-65 age groups there were cases without complete fusion. There was statistically significantdifference in males and females according to MB and XB joint ossification in between age groups (p<0.001).Conclution: Evaluation of MB and XB joint ossification with CT scan in age estimation is not appropriatebetween wide age groups.

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