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Interference: Journal of Language, Literature, and Linguistics
Published by Universitas Negeri Makassar
ISSN : 27211827     EISSN : 27211835     DOI : https://doi.org/10.26858/interference
Core Subject : Humanities, Education, Social,
Humanities Education Social Sciences
INTERFERENCE focuses on the publication of research articles which conduct languages as the main object. This articles that contribute to the strengthening of critical approaches, increasing the quality of critique, or encouragement of innovative methodologies. Topics include: Language Learning and Teaching (Applied Linguistics) Linguistics ( Micro and Macro Linguistics) Literature (Comparative Literature, Foreign Languge Literature)
Arjuna Subject : Seni dan Humaniora - Bahasa dan Linguistik
Articles 132 Documents
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Aesthetics and Persuasion in French Brand Taglines: Analysis of Non-Canonical Syntax Anisa Alivia Roshida
Interference: Journal of Language, Literature, and Linguistics Vol 7, No 1 (2026): INTERFERENCE
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26858/interference.v7i1.86585

Abstract

Abstract. This study aims to identify non-canonical syntactic structures in French brand taglines and analyze their aesthetic and persuasive functions based on Leech’s theory and Jakobson’s model of language functions. The research employs a qualitative interpretive design using data from taglines of seven French brands collected from official company websites through simple random sampling. Data analysis was conducted by classifying canonical and non-canonical syntactic structures and examining non-canonical forms such as ellipsis, fragmentation, and neologism in relation to aesthetic and persuasive functions. The findings show that most taglines use non-canonical structures, particularly ellipsis, fragmentation, and neologism. In conclusion, non-canonical syntax functions not only as grammatical deviation but also as an aesthetic and persuasive strategy that shapes brand identity and strengthens marketing communication in global branding. The study contributes theoretically by integrating Leech’s theory and Jakobson’s model to explain the relationship between syntactic creativity, aesthetic and persuasive function. The use of hashtags reflects digital communication trends that favor concise yet meaningful expressions. Practically, the findings encourage further research on non-canonical syntax in digital marketing contexts Keywords: Aesthetic Function, Persuasive Function, Brands, Non-Canonical Syntax, Tagline
Integrating an AI-Powered Writing Assistant to Enhance German Writing Skills Among GFL Students in Indonesia Junita Junita; M. Kharis; Zayniddin Zanakulov
Interference: Journal of Language, Literature, and Linguistics Vol 7, No 1 (2026): INTERFERENCE
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26858/interference.v7i1.84969

Abstract

Abstract. As an AI-driven interactive tool, ChatSonic offers students an independent learning resource to support their writing development. This study explores how students utilize ChatSonic and their perceptions of its effectiveness in improving German writing skills at SMA Negeri 7 Malang, Indonesia. Employing a qualitative-descriptive approach, the study collected data from 33 students through observations and questionnaires. Findings reveal that ChatSonic provides clear, concise, and easily understandable feedback, which not only facilitates students’ writing development but also enhances their motivation to learn German.  These findings offer global implications for the pedagogical integration of AI-powered writing tools in foreign language education, particularly in contexts with limited access to native-speaker feedback, suggesting that generative AI can serve as a scalable, complementary resource for writing instruction at upper secondary education level. Keywords: Writing Skills, Artificial Intelligence, ChatSonic
‘Would It Take Four?’: Reading Jared Carter’s ‘Ethel’ Through New Criticism Lens Betharia Noor Indah Sari; Nur Wulan; Syahrur Marta Dwi Susilo; Ida Nurul Chasanah
Interference: Journal of Language, Literature, and Linguistics Vol 7, No 1 (2026): INTERFERENCE
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26858/interference.v7i1.83659

Abstract

Abstract. This paper presents a systematic close reading of Jared Carter’s poem ‘Ethel’ through the lens of New Criticism. New Criticism is a literary theory that treats a text as a self-contained object of knowledge. The poem ‘Ethel’ depicts the 1953 execution of Ethel Rosenberg by electric chair. However, in this study, the poem ‘Ethel’ is independent of historical or biological context, author’s intention, or reader’s response. This study employs a qualitative textual analysis methodology, utilizing a five-step systematic close reading instrument: (1)visual mapping of line breaks and indentation; (2)reconstruction of syntax baseline; (3)cataloguing deviations from the baseline; (4)categorization of diction by semantic field and register, and (5)analysis of grammatical voice. Through this methodology, the study reveals the findings of Carter’s use of enjambment, caesura, and indentation creates a ‘structure of interruption’ that mirrors the electrical interruptions in the poem’s content. The analysis identifies a paradox, where bureaucratic terminology (stethoscopes, warden, signaled) collides with imageries (plume, smoke, rose). The grammatical passive voice showcases structural irony, where active verbs are empty (They), inanimate actor (stethoscopes), or modal (had seemed). Meanwhile, the only unqualified active verb (rose) is granted to smoke, rather than to human. These all together generate organic unity. The poem does not create meaning through what it explicitly states about Ethel Rosenberg’s execution. The poem achieves its meaning through how its formal features enact limits of witness, memory, and knowledge. These findings carry global implications for literary pedagogy and critical methodology. They demonstrate that New Criticism’s systematic close reading remains a replicable, teachable, and verifiable model for textual analysis across diverse educational contexts. New Criticism offers a transferable framework that enables readers worldwide to analyze poetry through its internal structural relationships rather than external contexts. The study contributes to formalist methodology in an era of computational text analysis. It asserts that human-centered close reading provides irreplaceable interpretive depth that computation approaches cannot replicate. Keywords: New Criticism, close reading, poetry, Jared Carter, Ethel Rosenberg
Negative Impoliteness Strategy Found in “No Nose Knows” Episode: A Pragmatic Point of View Ida Komang Ambarani; Ni Made Diana Erfiani; Yohanes Octovianus L. Awololon
Interference: Journal of Language, Literature, and Linguistics Vol 7, No 1 (2026): INTERFERENCE
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26858/interference.v7i1.86056

Abstract

Abstract. No Nose Knows episode is crucial to be analysed since it contains a lot of verbal expressions and conflicts which reflect to negative impoliteness strategy to damage someone’s negative face. This study aims to analyze negative impoliteness among the characters in No Nose Knows episode of SpongeBob SquarePants and its factors caused. Descriptive qualitative was used to describe the data comprehensively. In this frame, the data were collected by applying content analysis and notetaking from the video website with the researcher be the primary instrument because of being responsible for collecting, transcribing, and analysing the data. Creswell’s Framework (2013) was used to present the data which include preparing and organizing data, reducing data, then representing the data in the form of discussion. The results found that negative impoliteness conveyed through condescend, scorn, and ridicule, invade the other face, and associating someone with a negative aspect explicitly. Additionally, speakers’ intention in damaging someone’s face, different social power, also the intimate relationship are the factors behind those strategies. This study contributes to pragmatics studies by demonstrating the way negative impoliteness is strategically employed in animated movie to construct interpersonal conflict and social hierarchy among characters. The findings may help pepople to understand the way negative impoliteness and its factors operate in everyday interactions. Keywords: Negative Impoliteness, Pragmatics, SpongeBob SquarePants
Negotiation Social Relation through Nominal Address Terms in The German Netflix Series “Die Kaiserin” Nur Anis Fazana A. Ramli; Ikmal Trianto; Keni Pradianti
Interference: Journal of Language, Literature, and Linguistics Vol 7, No 2 (2026): INTERFERENCE
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26858/interference.v7i2.89417

Abstract

Abstract. This study aims to identify the realization of nominal address terms and their socio-pragmatic functions in the Netflix series Die Kaiserin, while examining how interactions among the German upper-class are linguistically represented and how social structures are revealed through address forms. The study employs a descriptive qualitative approach, analyzing dialogues from all six episodes of the first season. The data were collected from the series’ dialogue transcripts and classified according to the nominal address-term categories proposed by Brown and Ford (1961) and Wardhaugh and Fuller (2015). Their socio-pragmatic functions were further analyzed in relation to respect, intimacy, and power differentials. The analysis identified 75 instances of nominal address terms distributed across five categories: titles (56%), first names (25.3%), special nicknames (9.3%), kinship terms (6.7%), and pet names (2.7%). In terms of pragmatic functions, respect was the most dominant (54.7%), followed by intimacy (25.3%), intimacy combined with power differential (8%), power differential alone (6.7%), and intimacy combined with respect (5.3%). The findings demonstrate that nominal address terms function not merely as linguistic labels but as socio-pragmatic resources for expressing social status, maintaining interpersonal relations, and negotiating power. They also reflect the hierarchical organization of the royal court and the socially constrained relationships among characters. More broadly, the study highlights how language encodes and reproduces social structures within historically situated representations. Although based on a fictionalized depiction of nineteenth-century German nobility, the findings contribute to broader socio-pragmatic understanding of how address practices index social hierarchy, relational distance, and power across culturally and historically specific contexts. Keywords: Nominal address terms, social relations, Socio-pragmatic, German series, Die Kaiserin
Fantasy and Grief Coping in Patrick Ness’s A Monster Calls Anna Valentina; Henny Herawati
Interference: Journal of Language, Literature, and Linguistics Vol 7, No 2 (2026): INTERFERENCE
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26858/interference.v7i2.89235

Abstract

Abstract. Literature often portrays complex human feelings and struggles, offering insights into universal experiences of loss and coping.  Patrick Ness’ A Monster Calls tells a story of Conor O’Malley, a 13-year-old boy confronting the painful reality of his mother’s terminal illness. The purpose of this study is twofold: (1) to reveal how Conor’s emotional reactions to the monster’s tales reflect the stages of grief, and (2) to explore how fantasy functions as a coping mechanism for grief. This qualitative research employs a psychological approach, using close textual analysis as its primary method. The analysis is grounded in Kübler-Ross’s five stages of grief theory (1997) and Freud’s repression theory (1915) as further developed by Akhtar (2020). Findings indicate that Conor’s emotional responses align with the five stages of grief: denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance. First, he denies the reality of his mother’s approaching death. Second, he expresses his anger and frustration by destroying things, followed with the third stage when he negotiates by believing that the monster can heal his mother. Fourth, Conor falls into a deep sadness, shown through his recurring nightmare. Finally, he acknowledges his real feelings and accepts the loss. His reliance on fantasy-embodied in the monster, its tales, and recurring nightmares- emerges as a mechanism for processing grief and ultimately achieving acceptance. These research results offer a global implication of how narratives, including fantasy literature, may help young readers confront loss and develop coping strategies. In conclusion, the study underlines the therapeutic potential of literature in addressing universal human struggles with grief and mortality. Keywords: Fantasy, Five Stages Of Grief, Repression, Coping With Grief, A Monster Calls.
A Social Critique Analysis of Mama, bitte lern Deutsch! by Tahsim Durgun Nabila Rhivana Vhania; Dani Hendra; Lucky Herliawan Y.A
Interference: Journal of Language, Literature, and Linguistics Vol 7, No 2 (2026): INTERFERENCE
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26858/interference.v7i2.88145

Abstract

Abstract. This study analyzes social critique in Tahsim Durgun’s (2025) memoir Mama, bitte lern Deutsch!, which recounts the experiences of a Kurdish-Turkish migrant family in Germany. Studies of German literature by Indonesian researchers have rarely examined contemporary migrant memoirs and the rhetorical strategies used to convey social critique. This study aims to identify social criticism related to bureaucracy, racism, and language pressure, and to examine how such criticism is constructed through irony, cynicism, and sarcasm. The study employed a descriptive qualitative method with a content analysis approach. The researcher served as the primary instrument, while the data were collected through reading and note-taking techniques. The data comprised 12 textual segments from four subchapters of the memoir, analyzed using the concept of monolingual habitus (Gogolin, 1994, 2021) and Keraf’s (2009) categories of figurative language. The findings show that bureaucracy, racism, and language pressure are manifestations of monolingual habitus, which positions German as the sole legitimate norm within state institutions, schools, society, and family life. The critique is constructed through irony, cynicism, and sarcasm, both at the level of individual utterances and through narrative juxtaposition. These findings suggest that migrant memoirs can complement understandings derived from administrative indicators of integration by revealing migrants’ linguistic and emotional experiences that remain unrecorded in official statistics. Keywords: Monolingual Habitus, Rhetorical Strategies, Social Critique, Migrant Literature, Memoir
Analysis of Syntactic Errors in the Writing of Intermediate Level BIPA Learners From China Keyine Alifa Mardiani; Sinta Rosalina; Een Nurhasanah
Interference: Journal of Language, Literature, and Linguistics Vol 7, No 2 (2026): INTERFERENCE
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26858/interference.v7i2.89850

Abstract

Abstract. This study aims to describe the types of syntactic errors found in the writings of intermediate level BIPA (Indonesian Language for Foreign Speakers) learners from China at the Padjadjaran University Language Center, and to use the analysis results as a basis for developing Genially based interactive multimedia. A qualitative descriptive method was employed, utilizing learner writings produced duting Indonesian writing instruction as the data source. Data collection was conducted through documentation techniques, while a syntactic error analysis sheet served as the research instrument to identify and classify errors at both the phrase and sentence levels. The results revealed a total of 84 syntactic errors, comprising 36 phrase level errors and 48 setence level errors. At the phrase level, the most dominant error was incorect word order (12 cases), whereas at the sentence level, the most dominant error was illogical sentence structure (16 cases). These findings served as the foundation for developing the content, eamples, and exercises for the Genially based interactive multimedia design. The media is designed to help learners recognize errors, understand how to correct them, and improve the accuracy of their Indonesian writing through interactive activities. More broadly, this study demonstrates the potential of using error analysis as a basis for developing digital materials tailored to the needs of second language learners, particularly in the context of teaching Indonesian to foreign speakers. The study findings are expected to serve as a reference for the development of technology based BIPA learning media that are contextual and focused on enhancing writing skills. Keywords: Syntactic Analysis Errors, BIPA, Writing Skills, Interactive Multimedia, Genially
The Role of Conceptual Metaphors in Expressing Feminist Struggle: Case Study of Taylor Swift’s Lyrics Tabita Eka Ayu Sofia; Nurhayati Nurhayati; Adinda Maghfirah
Interference: Journal of Language, Literature, and Linguistics Vol 7, No 2 (2026): INTERFERENCE
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26858/interference.v7i2.87122

Abstract

Abstract. This study analyzes how Taylor Swift uses conceptual metaphors in her feminist-themed lyrics to critique patriarchal structures and gender norms. This research addresses the gap in cognitive linguistic analysis within popular music by examining the internal cognitive structures of feminist discourse. Using a qualitative descriptive approach grounded in Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT) by Lakoff and Johnson (1980), this study analyzes 36 metaphorical expressions from ten selected songs across Swift’s discography. The findings reveal that Swift maps abstract feminist resistance onto three dominant source domains (conflict/force, animal instinct, and objects/architecture), structured across five conceptual structures: Woman’s Career Struggle, Female Rage, Female Self-Worth, Female Autonomy, and Female Social Status. These metaphors function as tools for ideological resistance by reclaiming stigmatized identities, critiquing systemic double standards, and redefining female worth as intrinsic. The study demonstrates that popular culture functions as an informal pedagogical site, providing public with an accessible cognitive and linguistic toolkit to simplify, articulate, and resist gender inequality in everyday socio-cultural life. Keywords: Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT), Cognitive Linguistics, Taylor Swift, Feminist Lyrics, Gender Discourse
The Linguistic Landscape of Masjid al-Haram and Al-Masjid an-Nabawi: Indonesian as a Religious Guidance Language for Hajj and Umrah Pilgrims Muhammad Syamsuri Siddiq; Zainal Rafli; Samsi Setiadi
Interference: Journal of Language, Literature, and Linguistics Vol 7, No 2 (2026): INTERFERENCE
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26858/interference.v7i2.88652

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the Linguistic Landscape of the Masjid al-Haram and Al-Masjid an-Nabawi by examining the forms and functions of public signs, language variation, and visual meaning as a communication system supporting the religious activities of Hajj and Umrah pilgrims, particularly those from Indonesia. The study employed a qualitative approach using a descriptive-comparative method. The data consisted of various public signs found in both mosques, including directional signs, information boards, prohibition signs, service notices, digital displays, and other visual signage. Data were collected through field observation, photographic documentation, and document analysis, and were analyzed using the perspectives of Linguistic Landscape, geosemiotics, and multimodality through the stages of data reduction, categorization, interpretation, and comparative analysis. The findings reveal that the Linguistic Landscape of both mosques functions not only as a medium for conveying information but also as a public communication system that facilitates spatial orientation, crowd management, service delivery, and behavioral regulation during worship. Arabic serves as the dominant language representing the religious identity of the sacred spaces, while English functions as the primary international language for global pilgrims. The study also found that Indonesian has been incorporated into several official service signs at Al-Masjid an-Nabawi, whereas its presence on official signs at Masjid al-Haram remains limited. The study concludes that the Linguistic Landscape extends beyond representing multilingualism by serving as a public service instrument that enhances information accessibility for international pilgrims. The novelty of this study lies in proposing the concept of Indonesian as a Religious Guidance Language, which positions Indonesian not merely as a translation language but as a medium for orientation, service, and religious guidance within a multilingual sacred environment.

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