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INDONESIA
FOCUS: Journal of Social Studies
Published by Neolectura
ISSN : -     EISSN : 27982181     DOI : https://doi.org/10.37010/fcs
Core Subject : Economy, Science, Education, Social,
Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences Other
FOCUS is a Journal of Social Studies Manuscripts for FOCUS must fall into one of the following categories: 1. Sociology 2. Anthropology 3. Psychology 4. Economy 5. Social Geography 6. Politics 7. History 8. Other Social Issues
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Sosial (Lain-Lain)
Articles 133 Documents
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Mekanisme Pasar berdasarkan Pemikiran IBN Taimiyah Zuhdi , Muhammad Naufal; Herman, Sebastian
FOCUS Vol 5 No 2 (2024): FOCUS: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial
Publisher : Neolectura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37010/fcs.v5i2.1576

Abstract

Islam is a perfect religion. Whether it's from a very small thing even to the affairs of state government. Everything is well calculated by Islam. It is inseparable in terms of the economy, in this case the market. Various economic thoughts emerged in the times. There are two contrasting economic systems. First, the capitalist economic system which promotes absolute freedom without any intervention from any party. Second, a socialist economic system that emphasizes the intense role of the government. The two systems each assume that they can improve the welfare of society. However, both failed to make it happen. Whether it's intervention from the government that is too deep, there are price games by buyers and sellers, to the market which is only controlled by a few business actors. Then the mechanism in Islam appears to be a solution. Therefore, this paper will discuss market mechanisms based on the opinion of Ibn Taimyah supported by the opinions of other scholars. It was found that the Islamic economic system takes a middle path. Which is not too liberating or vice versa, that is, to restrain.
Mekanisme Adaptasi Korban PHK Akibar Covid-19 Rumagit, Tannia Christina
FOCUS Vol 5 No 2 (2024): FOCUS: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial
Publisher : Neolectura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37010/fcs.v5i2.1595

Abstract

The Covid-19 virus pandemi has significantly impacted the global economy. This crisis has disrupted Indonesia's economy as well, with one of the implications being a 4% decrease in economic growth, potentially even lower depending on the duration and severity of the pandemi. This situation has forced many companies to lay off employees, leaving the victims of these layoffs to adapt and find ways to survive during the pandemi. This research utilizes resilience theory and employs observation and interview methods. The observation technique involves narrative observation, where the observer records the behavior of the subjects. The research also utilizes the Moderately Scheduled Interview method and the Topical Sequence Technique. Based on the observations conducted, neither of the subjects has demonstrated resilience. However, the interviews revealed that the subjects engaged in many new activities during the pandemi, which could enhance their resilience.
Social Defense Strategy in Handling Maritime Border Issues in Eastern Indonesia (Case Study on Natuna Island) Pandoe, Ridha Munawir Masly; Sumantri, Siswo Hadi; Suwarno, Panji; Widodo, Pujo
FOCUS Vol 5 No 2 (2024): FOCUS: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial
Publisher : Neolectura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37010/fcs.v5i2.1623

Abstract

Natuna Island, strategically located in the Karimata Strait and the South China Sea, faces significant challenges in managing its maritime borders and social defense. Geopolitical tensions in the region, involving overlapping territorial claims and illegal activities at sea, demand a comprehensive and integrated defense strategy. This study aims to analyze the social defense strategy implemented in Natuna Island by assessing the roles of the central and regional governments, supervision and law enforcement, and empowerment of local communities. The research method used is a literature study, which involves an in-depth analysis of various legal sources, academic literature, and government reports. The results of the study indicate that collaboration between the central and regional governments, the use of advanced technology in surveillance, and empowerment of local communities are key in facing maritime border challenges. This study emphasizes the importance of integration and coordination between various parties to effectively maintain the sovereignty and security of the Natuna Island region.
Arthur Grosvenor Daniells: from an Assistant to a Central Leader Seventh-day Adventist World Church Doloksaribu, Yohanes Verdianto; Suciyanto, Suciyanto
FOCUS Vol 5 No 2 (2024): FOCUS: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial
Publisher : Neolectura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37010/fcs.v5i2.1639

Abstract

Arthur Grosvenor Daniells lahir dalam keluarga yang kurang beruntung, pernah masuk panti asuhan karena kemiskinan, dan bersama istrinya, Mary, pernah menjadi pembantu di rumah keluarga James White. Namun pada akhirnya, Daniells menjadi seorang pendeta dan bahkan pimpinan pusat Gereja Masehi Advent Hari Ketujuh (GMAHK) sedunia yang paling lama, dan bahkan tercatat sebagai salah satu  administrator GMAHK yang paling handal yang pernah ada dalam sejarah GMAHK. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana perjalanan teologi dan misiologi dari Daniells sehingga dia bisa menjadi pimpinan pusat GMAHK sedunia. Makalah ini menjelaskan bahwa dalam perjalanan rohaninya, Daniells memandang tugas seorang pendeta bukan hanya sebagai penggembalaan, tetapi juga sebagai penginjilan. Hal ini termotivasi dengan Amanat Agung Yesus untuk memberitakan Injil sampai ke seluruh dunia, sehingga Daniells yang masih muda memulai perjalanan misionarisnya ke Selandia Baru dan Australia yang kelak membawanya menjadi pimpinan GMAHK di Selandia Baru dan Australia, dan bahkan GMAHK sedunia. Prinsip penginjilannya adalah rencanakan kerjamu, dan kerjakan rencanamu, yang terbukti efektif dalam perjalanan misionarisnya ke daerah-daerah yang belum pernah dia datangi sebelumnya. Artikel ini merupakan pendekatan kualitatif yang menggunakan metode deskriptif historis serta penelitian dokumenter. Untuk setiap bagian, peneliti menggunakan sumber primer. Sumber sekunder digunakan hanya untuk melihat opini terkini mengenai isu tersebut.
Reduction in Severance Pay as a Result of the Implementation of the Job Creation Law in Electronics Companies in the Cibitung Industrial Area Hermawan, Hendra; Setiawan, Ichwan
FOCUS Vol 5 No 2 (2024): FOCUS: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial
Publisher : Neolectura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37010/fcs.v5i2.1647

Abstract

This research aims to analyze the impact of the implementation of the Omnibus Law (Law No. 11 of 2020) on severance pay amounts in electronics companies in the Cibitung Industrial Area. The Job Creation Law, known as the Omnibus Law, has brought significant changes in various aspects of employment, including regulations regarding severance pay for employees affected by termination of employment. Through qualitative and quantitative approaches, this research analyzes the regulatory changes concerning severance pay, measures the economic impact of severance pay reduction on workers, and explores the perceptions of workers and employers regarding these policy changes. Data were collected through document studies, surveys, and interviews with workers, labor unions, and employers, as well as secondary data analysis from labor reports and statistics.The research results show that the implementation of the Omnibus Law has caused a significant reduction in the severance pay amounts received by employees. Factors influencing this reduction include changes in the severance pay calculation formula and the imposition of a maximum severance pay limit. The impact of this reduction in severance pay is felt significantly by employees, particularly in terms of their economic well-being post-termination.This research suggests the need for more intensive socialization of the new regulations and the enhancement of protection mechanisms for affected employees. This research aims to analyze the impact of the implementation of the Omnibus Law (Law No. 11 of 2020) on severance pay amounts in electronics companies in the Cibitung Industrial Area. The Job Creation Law, known as the Omnibus Law, has brought significant changes in various aspects of employment, including regulations regarding severance pay for employees affected by termination of employment. Through qualitative and quantitative approaches, this research analyzes the regulatory changes concerning severance pay, measures the economic impact of severance pay reduction on workers, and explores the perceptions of workers and employers regarding these policy changes. Data were collected through document studies, surveys, and interviews with workers, labor unions, and employers, as well as secondary data analysis from labor reports and statistics.The research results show that the implementation of the Omnibus Law has caused a significant reduction in the severance pay amounts received by employees. Factors influencing this reduction include changes in the severance pay calculation formula and the imposition of a maximum severance pay limit. The impact of this reduction in severance pay is felt significantly by employees, particularly in terms of their economic well-being post-termination.This research suggests the need for more intensive socialization of the new regulations and the enhancement of protection mechanisms for affected employees.
Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Dokter Dalam Melaksanakan Tindakan Medis (Studi Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Cikarang Nomor 120/Pdt.G/2019/PN Ckr) Triana, Mida; Cahyo, Cahyo
FOCUS Vol 5 No 2 (2024): FOCUS: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial
Publisher : Neolectura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37010/fcs.v5i2.1657

Abstract

Hubungan antara dokter dan pasien mencakup lebih dari sekadar aspek medis; ini juga merupakan hubungan kontraktual yang dikenal sebagai kontrak terapeutik. Transaksi terapeutik adalah hubungan hukum antara dokter dan pasien dalam layanan medis profesional, didasarkan pada kompetensi yang sesuai dengan keahlian dan keterampilan di bidang kedokteran. Penelitian ini membahas perlindungan hukum pidana terhadap dokter dalam melakukan tindakan medis kepada pasien serta analisis putusan Hakim dalam perkara nomor 120/Pdt.G/2019/PN Ckr terkait dugaan kelalaian medis. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa perlindungan hukum bagi dokter diatur dalam Pasal 50 Undang-Undang Nomor 29 Tahun 2004 tentang Praktik Kedokteran, yang menyebutkan bahwa dokter memiliki hak untuk mendapatkan perlindungan hukum sepanjang menjalankan tugas sesuai standar profesi dan prosedur operasional. Selain itu, dalam Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 67 Tahun 2019 juga ditegaskan bahwa perlindungan hukum bagi tenaga kesehatan diberikan selama mereka bekerja sesuai standar tersebut. Dalam kasus nomor 120/Pdt.G/2019/PN Ckr, majelis hakim menyatakan bahwa tindakan medis yang dilakukan oleh dokter telah sesuai prosedur, dibuktikan dengan adanya persetujuan tindakan medis (informed consent). Dengan demikian, tindakan dokter yang sesuai dengan ketentuan hukum tidak dapat dianggap sebagai perbuatan melawan hukum.
Kepatuhan Hukum PT. Atalian Global Services Permasalahan Pembayaran Kompensasi Terhadap 30 Pekerja/Buruh Siallagan, Hans Lidona; Widagdo, Gatot S.
FOCUS Vol 5 No 2 (2024): FOCUS: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial
Publisher : Neolectura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37010/fcs.v5i2.1659

Abstract

Indonesia has regulated labor law, specially UU Cipta Kerja. In Government law No 35 of 2021 article (15), it is stated that employers have the obligation to pay compensation money to employees when their term of employment ends on a fixed-term contract (PKWT). The purpose of this research is to determine the implementation of providing compensation to PKWT at PT. Atalian Global Services to its employees in accordance with statutory regulations. The research method is normative-empirical legal research carried out using data collection methods through interview techniques with 30 sources and secondary data from the results of literature studies. The results of this research showed that the implementation of PKWT compensation at PT. Atalian Global Services does not follow Government regulation no. 35 of 2021 because the outsourcing company has not received payment from the main company, whereas according to the worker's perspective, the worker only hopes that the compensation will be paid immediately because this is the worker's right and obligation for the company.
Analysis of Judges' Considerations in Handing Down Decisions Against Perpetrators of the Crime of Kidnapping and Child Abuse (Case Study of Cibinong District Court Decision Number 512/Pid.Sus/2022/PN.Cbi) Prabowo, Krisdianto; Ajie, Bintang Wicaksono
FOCUS Vol 5 No 2 (2024): FOCUS: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial
Publisher : Neolectura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37010/fcs.v5i2.1660

Abstract

Sexual abuse is one of the crimes frequently occurring today. Perpetrators of this crime can come from various backgrounds, both male and female, young and old. The victims of this crime vary as well, not only adults but also children often fall prey to it. Sexual abuse involves acts that violate norms of decency and morality, concerning sexual organs or other body parts that stimulate sexually. For example, a case decided by the Cibinong District Court under decision number 512/Pid.Sus/2022/PN Cbi is the focus of this study. The research centers on analyzing the judge's considerations in issuing that verdict and legal protection for children who are victims of sexual abuse. The research methodology used is normative juridical, examining theories, concepts, and related legal regulations. The research findings indicate that the Cibinong District Court sentenced the defendant to 8 years in prison and imposed a fine of Rp. 800,000,000,-. However, the author argues that the judge's decision did not meet expectations, considering the criminal penalties should have been more severe under the Child Protection Act. Additionally, the psychological impact and trauma experienced by victims of sexual abuse must be carefully considered, as they can have long-term and profoundly serious effects on the victims. Sexual abuse is regulated in the Indonesian Criminal Code (KUHP) under the section dealing with crimes against decency. Article 290 of the KUHP stipulates a maximum prison sentence of seven years, while the Child Protection Act provides for harsher penalties ranging from 5 to 15 years of imprisonment, and a maximum fine of Rp. 5,000,000,000,-..
Penegakan Hukum Perhitungan Pengembalian Kerugian Keuangan Negara dalam Tindak Pidana Korupsi Jiwo, Fadhil; Ajie, Bintang Wicaksono
FOCUS Vol 5 No 2 (2024): FOCUS: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial
Publisher : Neolectura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37010/fcs.v5i2.1662

Abstract

The current developrnent of corruption eradication has focused on three rnain issues, narnely prevention, eradication, and asset recovery. The purpose of the research in this thesis is to find out the ideal construction of regulating the return of state financial losses due to corruption at this tirne and whether it can be irnplernented in the future so that the return of state financial losses due to corruption can create legal certainty. This thesis uses a norrnative legal research rnethod (library) with secondary data and analyzed qualitatively to obtain research results on the ideal construction of regulating the return of state financial losses in corruption crirnes that currently cannot be optirnal as an additional crirne which is part of the purpose of punishing the perpetrators. corruption. Future irnplernentation so that the return of state financial losses due to crirninal acts of corruption requires reconstruction of the provisions in Law Nurnber 31 of 1999 in conjunction with Law Nurnber 20 of 2001 concerning the Eradication of Corruption Crirnes regarding the calculation of state financial losses and the authority of institutions or agencies that calculate financial losses the state in order to create legal certainty in applying additional penalties to perpetrators of corruption.
Hubungan Industrial Meningkatkan Kesejahteraan Buruh Fatoni, Munir; Widagdo, Gatot
FOCUS Vol 5 No 2 (2024): FOCUS: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial
Publisher : Neolectura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37010/fcs.v5i2.1663

Abstract

The welfare of workers is an aspiration of every laborer. Achieving this welfare is greatly influenced by industrial relations between employers and workers represented by labor unions. A harmonious, dynamic, and fair relationship between both parties is the key to the sustainability of this relationship. This article discusses how open communication, social dialogue, conflict resolution, and active participation of workers can shape a good and sustainable industrial relationship, as well as the government's role in overseeing and regulating this relationship. A qualitative descriptive research method is used to analyze the contribution of all actors in building worker welfare. The results show that good and sustainable industrial relations can increase productivity, create stability within companies, and improve worker welfare.

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