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Narra J
Published by PT Narra Sains Indonesia
ISSN : -     EISSN : 28072618     DOI : https://doi.org/10.52225/narraj
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Narra J is a multidisciplinary journal and it is published three times (April, August, December) a year. The objective is to promote articles on infection, public health, global health, tropical infection, one health and diseases in tropics. Narra J publishes original research work across all disciplines of medicine and allied sciences, related to infection, public health, global health, tropical infection, one health and diseases in tropics. The journal publishes Original articles, Short Report, Review articles, and Letters to the Editor. All articles published in Narra J are peer-reviewed and published online for immediate access and citation. Narra J publishes the primary research papers, review articles, short communications and letters on topics but not limited to: Public health Global health Infection Tropical diseases One health Biomedical sciences Epidemiology and clinical epidemiology Molecular biology Environmental health Microbiology Pharmacological sciences Diseases in tropics
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 565 Documents
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Coexistence of pulmonary tuberculosis and small cell lung carcinoma: A significant problem in tuberculosis-endemic country? Arliny, Yunita; Yanifitri, Dewi B.; Purqan, Muhammad; Fachri, Muhammad
Narra J Vol. 3 No. 2 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v3i2.135

Abstract

Pulmonary tuberculosis and lung cancer are public health problems, causing significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. The coexistence of the two diseases has rarely been reported while their causative association has been noticed leading to diagnosis delayed and prognosis worsening. In this case report, we present the case of a patient with coexistence of pulmonary tuberculosis and small cell lung carcinoma. A 54-year-old male was presented with the complained of lower left chest pain for six months, which was getting worse four days before admission to the hospital. The patient also complained of cough and decreased appetite and weight loss. Initial chest X-ray revealed an infiltrate and cavity in the upper right lung and inhomogeneous consolidation in the left paracardial. After the patient was diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis and was given anti-tuberculosis drugs for two months, the cavity and consolidation decreased with no clinically significant improvement. We performed a bronchoscopy with suspicion of lung cancer and a forceps biopsy in which small cell carcinoma was confirmed. The patient received two cycles of chemotherapy and anti-tuberculosis was continued for four months. During the observation in the fourth month, there was a reduction in the tumor size. This case highlights that similarity of clinical symptoms between pulmonary tuberculosis and lung cancer often lead to misdiagnosis of both. Therefore, in the absence of complete clinical and radiological improvement in pulmonary tuberculosis patients, the coexistence of lung cancer should be considered. This also highlights that early diagnosis is critical for the favorable outcome.
Phenotypical and molecular assessments on the pharmacological effects of curcumin in Drosophila melanogaster Rumata, Nur R.; Purwaningsih, Dewi; Asbah, Asbah; As’ad, Muh. Fadhil; Chadran, Deepak; Emran, Talha B.; Nainu, Firzan
Narra J Vol. 3 No. 2 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v3i2.117

Abstract

Curcumin, a dietary polyphenol derived from turmeric's rhizome, exhibits a range of pharmacological activities, such as antioxidant, analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory effects. It has been investigated for its therapeutic potential in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) due to its ability to inhibit nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), modulate oxidative stress, impact cell viability, and regulate gene expression. However, most studies have been limited to in vitro conditions. To address this gap, we conducted in vivo experiments using the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster to explore the antioxidant activities and biological significance of curcumin. Several parameters were assessed using different assays, including curcumin toxicity assay, fly survival, locomotor response to curcumin treatment (with or without cigarette smoke), trypan blue staining, larval crawling assays, and gene expression analysis. Our data revealed no significant differences in toxicity and locomotor tests across various curcumin concentrations. D. melanogaster tolerated curcumin at concentrations of 0.5 µM, 5 µM, 50 µM, and 500 µM, suggesting its safety without negatively impacting locomotor. Furthermore, curcumin at 5 µM extended the lifespan of D. melanogasterexposed to cigarette smoke, while reversing the negative effects of smoke exposure on gut cell viability and larval locomotor activity. In conclusion, curcumin administration appeared safe for D. melanogaster, with potential benefits for longevity and locomotory function. These findings support the idea that curcumin possesses in vivo antioxidant properties and may serve as a promising pharmacological agent. However, further study is needed to explore its potential applications in human health and disease management, particularly in the context of COPD.
Challenges and adversities among doctors in the era of healthcare disruption: Reflection from COVID-19 pandemic Sugiyatmi, Tri A.; Hadi, Usman; Chalidyanto, Djazuly; Pathak, Yashwant; Miftahussurur, Muhammad
Narra J Vol. 3 No. 2 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v3i2.134

Abstract

The doctor's profession is noble and tied up with quite strict rules, both in terms of ethics as well as discipline. Naturally, there is a problem of asymmetrical information between doctors and patients, often leading to misunderstandings. The purpose of this review is to map the available evidence related to the challenges and difficulties faced by doctors in the era of disruption. The evidence indicate that disruption of health services has both positive and negative effects. Many aspects related to the use of technology in the medical practices including innovation, cost-effectiveness, and quality improvement. However, psychologically, the doctors often get frustrated by internal or external triggers. The external factors, ranges from the equipment and work procedures, for instance, using high technology, communication with management, inter-professional relationships, patients, and their families. Volatility, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity (VUCA) could cause stress and burnout. In this case, doctors are highly vulnerable, and consequently, have the potential to make mistakes. Therefore, the adversity faced by doctors ought to be mapped. Resilience is a barrier against stress and burnout and the ability to adapt in resilience among doctors is important factor in dealing with the disruption era.
Chronic total occlusion percutaneous coronary intervention (CTO PCI) in an intractable heart failure patient: Is there any benefit? Munirwan, Haris; Kusyanto, Fahmi A.; Zanisa, Zanisa; Latief, Muhammad H.
Narra J Vol. 3 No. 2 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v3i2.140

Abstract

One of the most difficult procedures in interventional cardiology is the percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) on a chronic total occlusion (CTO) lesion case. To rate the difficulty of guidewire crossing, several angiographic scoring methods have been developed such as the Japan CTO (J-CTO) score. Here we demonstrate the advantages of revascularization using PCI procedure in a CTO case with intractable heart failure. A 53-year-old man presented to the emergency room of Dr. Zainoel Abidin Hospital, Banda Aceh, Indonesia with acute decompensated heart failure. The patient had a history of past PCI with two patent drug eluting stents (DES): one in the left main (LM)-left anterior descending (LAD) artery and one in the distal left circumflex (LCX) artery. The patient had three times rehospitalizations in the last three months. According to single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging, the right coronary artery was remained functional; however, the lesion was categorized into very difficult level (J-CTO >3). The PCI was carried out on the right coronary artery and the blood vessel was successfully revascularized after applying multiple techniques. Following the procedure, the heart failure was treated and the 6-minute walking test (6MWT) that performed 12 days after the PCI increased from 220 to 260 meters. The success of this case depended on a comprehensive history taking, adequate imaging methods, and the selection of the proper tools and PCI strategy. In conclusion, despite the challenges, PCI is still an option for patients with persistent complete occlusion. The PCI requires comprehensive preparation and the use of angiographic scoring systems, such as the J-CTO score, to determine the approach and the likelihood of success.
Parental stature as a risk factor for stunting in Indonesia: A systematic review and meta-analysis Amriviana, Mazaya P.; Khairunnisa, Cut; Sasongko, Teguh H.
Narra J Vol. 3 No. 2 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v3i2.144

Abstract

Stunting is defined by height of more than two standard deviations below the WorldHealth Organization's (WHO) child growth standard median. It is a significant nutritionalproblem in developing countries, where in 2021, Indonesia recorded a stunting prevalenceat 24.4%, slightly higher than the global prevalence (22%). Reducing the prevalence ofstunting has been the focus of the current administration in the Indonesian government,as delineated in the 2020–2024 National Medium-Term Development Plan. Globally,many studies have addressed parental stature as a risk factor of stunting. However,systematic reviews that summarized and critically appraised the relationship betweenparental stature and the incidence of stunting in Indonesia was scarce. This systematicreview aimed to assess parental stature as a risk factor for stunting among Indonesiantoddlers. Studies were searched through PubMed (MEDLINE), Google Scholar andMendeley. Studies on Indonesian toddlers under five years old living in Indonesia wereincluded. The quality of the included studies was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute(JBI) critical appraisal tool. Data were extracted using a standardized data extraction formand were analyzed using Cochrane’s RevMan 5.3. Twenty-seven prospective andretrospective cohort, case-control and cross-sectional studies were included with a total4041 children. Out of 27 included studies, eight were found to be of low, seven of moderateand twelve of high quality. The result showed that parental stature was associated with theincidence of stunting among toddlers in Indonesia, either the mother only (odds ratio(OR) 1.92; 95% confidence interval (95%CI: 1.71–2.15), the father only (OR 5.21; 95%CI:1.71–15.86) or both parents (OR 3.01; 95%CI: 2.41–3.75). However, studies on father andboth parental statures suffered from substantial heterogeneity, imprecision and mixedqualities, therefore, they should be cautiously interpreted.
Celiac disease: Pathogenesis, disease management and new insights into the herbal-based treatments Mittal, Pooja; Arora, Disha; Parashar, Smriti; Goyal, Rajat; Khan, Amir; Chopra, Hitesh; Mishra, Dinesh K.; Gautam, Rupesh K.; Dhama, Kuldeep
Narra J Vol. 3 No. 2 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v3i2.147

Abstract

Celiac disease (CD) is a gluten intolerance autoimmune disorder which its symptoms involve the gastrointestinal tract and sometimes the other organs. It is one of the most prevalent health problems rising in many populations as statistics show that in every 100 people about one person is suffering from CD. It has been observed that the persons who genetically contain the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DQ2 and HLA DQ8 genes involved in the immune system haplotypes are more prone to develop an allergy to gluten. The only treatment currently available for CD is a strict gluten-free diet. However, recent research has shown promising new insights into the herbal-based treatments of CD. New insight on CD is now offering various prospects to manage its treatment, diagnosis, and serving in the development of advanced therapies. Several herbs and botanical extracts have demonstrated anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and gut-healing properties that make them potential candidates for the management of CD. Here, we provide an updated review on pathogeneses and managements of CD. In particular, we summarize the current understandings of herbal-based treatments for CD and highlights their potential benefits.
Long-term pulmonary and extra-pulmonary consequences of COVID-19: A comprehensive review of current evidence and future perspectives Wanjari, Mayur; Late, Sampada; Sharma, Ranjana; Munjewar, Pratiksha
Narra J Vol. 3 No. 2 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v3i2.156

Abstract

The global impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been significant, affecting countless individuals worldwide. The existence of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to considerable levels of illness and mortality. While considerable attention has been devoted to the immediate handling of COVID-19, there is a growing concern about the long-term effects of this disease. The recent studies have brought to light various complexities associated with COVID-19, encompassing both respiratory and non-respiratory problems such as lung scarring, heart diseases, neurological effects, and psychological consequences. The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive understanding of the persistent repercussions of COVID-19. It presents a summary of recent studies that have examined the frequency and severity of these complications, as well as an exploration of the potential mechanisms that contribute to their development. Specifically, it delves into the role of immune dysregulation, prolonged inflammation, and dysfunction of blood vessel linings in the origin of these complications. Moreover, the clinical significance of these long-term consequences is discussed, including their potential impact on healthcare systems and society as a whole. Our review highlights the necessity for continuous monitoring and management of patients diagnosed with COVID-19, along with the importance of conducting follow-up studies over an extended period to determine the most effective strategies for prevention and treatment of these complications.
Coronary heart disease risk factors among academic workers based on the Jakarta Cardiovascular Score: A cross-sectional study Sawitri, Harvina; Maulina, Nora
Narra J Vol. 3 No. 2 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v3i2.162

Abstract

Change in lifestyle leads to change in disease patterns from infectious diseases and malnutrition to degenerative diseases, such as coronary heart disease (CHD). The increasing prevalence of cardiovascular diseases among Indonesian workers and the general public will not only burden medical care expenses but also reduce work productivity, leading to more work-related injuries and work-related losses. The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors for CHD (age, sex, blood pressure, smoking, diabetes mellitus, body mass index, and weekly physical activity) and the CHD risk level among university workers. A cross-sectional study was conducted at workers at School of Medicine, Universitas Malikussaleh, Lhokseumawe, Indonesia. The risk level of CHD was calculated using Jakarta Cardiovascular Score and predicting model analyzed with multiple logistic regression model. Our data found that 58.2%, 25.5% and 16.3% of the university workers had low-, medium- and high-risk to have CHD. The final model indicted that the risk of heart disease was determined by gender, age, and the presence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Being male had odds ratio (OR) 30.84, aged >41 years old had OR 11.52, having hypertension had OR 4.87 and having diabetes mellitus had OR 13.99 for having high risk of CHD compared to female, those younger than 41 years old, having no hypertension and having no diabetes mellitus, respectively. In conclusion, our data suggests that more than 15% the respondents (university employees) have high risk of CHD and being male and older, and having hypertension and diabetes mellitus are associated with risk of CHD. Implantation of the preventive measures is therefore important to be implemented at the universities.
Clinical and oral microbiome pattern of halitosis patients with periodontitis and gingivitis Ningsih, Diana S.; Idroes, Rinaldi; Bachtiar, Boy M.; Khairan, Khairan; Tallei, Trina E.; Kemala, Pati; Maulydia, Nur B.; Idroes, Ghazi M.; Helwani, Zuchra
Narra J Vol. 3 No. 2 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v3i2.163

Abstract

Halitosis is caused by a bacterial proteolytic process that induces the production of volatile sulfur compounds, odor-causing gases. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical oral hygiene state and oral microbiome pattern of halitosis patients with periodontitis and gingivitis. The oral hygiene state of halitosis patients with periodontitis and gingivitis was assessed using the oral hygiene index simplified (OHI-S), decay missing filled teeth (DMFT), and tongue biofilm. The dorsum of the tongue and subgingival swabs were cultured for bacteria, and bacterial morphology was evaluated using Gram staining. Evaluation of the bacterial genus using the Bergey's systematic bacteriology diagram as a guide. A total of ten patients with periodontitis and gingivitis were included. Our data indicated that the scores of OHI-S and DMFT were different significantly between halitosis patients with periodontitis and gingivitis (both had p<0.001) while tongue biofilm score was not different between groups. On the dorsum of the tongue, periodontitis patients had a significant higher oral microbiome population (85.65x106 CFU/mL) compared to those with gingivitis (0.047x106 CFU/mL) with p=0.002. In contrast, the number of microbiomes in the subgingival had no significant different between periodontitis and gingivitis. On the dorsum of the tongue, six bacterial genera were isolated from periodontitis cases and seven genera were detected from gingivitis patients. On subgingival, 10 and 15 genera were identified from periodontitis and gingivitis, respectively. Fusobacterium, Propionibacterium, Eubacterium and Lactobacillus were the most prevalent among periodontitis cases while Porphyromonas was the most prevalent in gingivitis patients. In conclusion, although OHI-S and DMFT are different between periodontitis and gingivitis, overlapping of bacterial genera was detected between periodontitis and gingivitis cases.
The role of mediator suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS), toll-like receptor 3 (TLR-3) and nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) on cytokine production during dengue virus infection Masyeni, Sri; Kuntaman, Kuntaman; Aryati , Aryati; Sofro, Muchlis AU.; Hadi, Usman; Mastutik, Gondo; Purnomo, Windu; Santosa, Agus; Iqhrammullah, Muhammad; Yohan, Benediktus; Nelwan, Erni J.; Sasmono, R. Tedjo
Narra J Vol. 3 No. 2 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v3i2.167

Abstract

Inability to understand the pathogenesis of severe dengue, in particular the control mechanism of immune responses, has led to high mortality rate for patients with dengue shock syndrome (DSS). The aim of this study was to determine the control mechanism of cytokine production by mediator suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS), toll-like receptor 3 (TLR-3) and nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) during DENV infection. Peripheral blood mononuclear blood cells (PBMC), isolated from healthy individuals, were infected with dengue virus (DENV)-2 strain SJN-006 Cosmopolitan genotype (isolated from Bali, Indonesia). The relative gene expression of SOCS-3, TLR-3, NFκB, and the cytokine genes (interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, interferon inducible protein 10 (IP-10), and macrophage inflammatory protein-1 beta (MIP-1β)) were measured using qRT-PCR at 6, 12 and 24 hours post infection (hpi). Student t-test and Mann-Whitney test were used to compare the gene expressions while causal correlations were analyzed using regression test and path analyses. DENV-2 infection increased the gene expression of SOCS-3, TLR-3, and NFκB after 12 and 24 hpi. The expression of IL-6, IL-8, IP-10, and MIP-1β genes was increased and peaked at different times post-infection. NFκB and SOCS-3 genes likely have role in the upregulation of IL-8 and IL-6 gene expression, respectively. MIP-1β gene expression was significantly induced by both NFκB and SOCS-3. In conclusion, our study suggested that SOCS-3, TLR-3, and NFκB are important in regulating the production of IL-6, IL-8, IP-10, MIP-1β during early phase of DENV-2 infection. This enriches our understanding on pathogenesis pathway of DENV-associated cytokine storm.

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