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Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research (PSR)
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 24072354     EISSN : 24770612     DOI : https://doi.org/10.7454/psr
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Aims Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research (PSR), an international, peer-reviewed, open access, and official journal from Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, aims to disseminate research results and findings in Pharmaceutical Sciences and Practices. Major area of interest is natural products in drug discovery and development. We also consider other areas related to pharmaceutical sciences and practices. PSR publishes content in English language to promote the sharing of knowledge to international scholars. PSR publish 5 types of articles: 1. Original article 2. Case report 3. Case series 4. Review article 5. Mini review article Scope Researches in Pharmaceutical Sciences and Practices which are covered by PSR are within these subject areas: - Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry - Pharmaceutical Chemistry - Pharmaceutical Technology - Pharmaceutical Biotechnology - Clinical Pharmacy - Pharmacology-Toxicology - Social and Administrative Pharmacy, including Pharmacoeconomy
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Articles 355 Documents
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Model Hewan Coba pada Penelitian Diabetes Husna, Fauzul; Suyatna, Franciscus D; Arozal, Wawaimuli; Purwaningsih, Erni H
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 6, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

The animal model has been widely used and contributed vastly to the scientific research over the years. While it can be used as an alternate subject in a study, the selection of the animal is crucial to assess and investigate the influence of the environment and genes on the pathogenesis of a disease. Many factors contribute to the choosing of the animal. They can be ranged from the similarities with the modelled object, easily looked after with less expensive cost, good reproductive performance, ability to produce blood and tissue samples, well-known genetic composition, and the status of the disease can be explained. Research has been taking place to investigate and find the best approach to prevent and deal with diabetes mellitus (DM) and insulin resistance and its complications. It starts with an initial in vitro method and finished with a clinical trial. Similarly, a series of in vivo studies using the animal model has been done aiming at figuring out its conditions or diseases that are identical to that of humans. This article discusses a variety of animal models frequently used in DM research.
Chemical Components of Ocimum basilicum L. and Ocimum tenuiflorum L. Stem Essential Oils and Evaluation of Their Antioxidant Activities Using DPPH Method Hikmawanti, Ni Putu Ermi; Hariyanti,; Nurkamalia,; Nurhidayah, Sahera
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 6, No. 3
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Abstract

Ocimum basilicum L. and Ocimum tenuiflorum L. are two types of plants from Ocimum (Lamiaceae). One of their chemical compounds is essential oil. Essential oil might have an antioxidant activities. The part of the plants which are often wasted and never used are stem. This study aimed to analyze the chemical components of O. basilicum L. and O. tenuiflorum L. stem essential oils and evaluate their antioxidant activities. Essential oils were obtained by steam-water distillation. Analysis of chemical component of essential oil was performed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS). Antioxidant activities were evaluated with DPPH method and then the IC50 value was determined as 50% inhibition concentration of free radical. The results showed that O. basilicum L. stem essential oil had 13 components with the major compounds were methyl eugenol (52.60%), caryophyllene (18.75%), and germacrene-D (9.19%). Whereas, O. tenuiflorum L. stem essential oil had 11 components with the major compounds were α-copaene (5.56%), caryophyllene (17.28%), germacrene-D (9.29%) and methyl eugenol (56.72%). IC50 value of O. basilicum L. stem essential oil was 17.50 µg/mL, whereas IC50 value of O. tenuiflorum L. stem essential oil was 14.17 µg/mL. It was concluded that both oils might be good natural antioxidant agents.
Cytotoxic Activity of Stem of Pycnarrhena cauliflora through Apoptosis Induction on Human Breast Cancer Cell Line T47D Masriani,; Rudiyansyah,; Muharini, Rini; Enawaty, Eny
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 6, No. 3
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Abstract

Cytotoxic activities of extracts of Pycnarrhena cauliflora leaves, stems and roots on some human cancer cells have been known. However, the cytotoxicity of stem of Pycnarrhena cauliflora on human breast cancer cell line T47D through an apoptosis induction has not been proven yet. This study was an effort in understanding the cytotoxic activity of stem of Pycnarrhena cauliflora through apoptosis induction. The crude ethanol extract was partitioned between n-hexane and dichloromethane at pH 3, 7 and 9, which was subsequently tested for their cytotoxic activity against human breast cancer cell line T47D by using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)- 2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT). Flow cytometric analysis with Annexin V-FLUOS/ propidium iodide (PI) double staining was used for apoptosis analysis. The dichloromethane fraction at pH 7 was considered the most potent with an IC50 value of 59.30 µg/mL and induced apoptosis on the T47D cell line. The result indicated the potential of dichloromethane fraction of the stem of P.cauliflora as a source of bioactiv
Efek Xilooligosakarida (XOS) dalam Mencegah Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 Dwita, Lusi Putri; Rahmi, Hanifah
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 6, No. 3
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Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the leading causes of death in Indonesia. Early intervention is very important to delay the development of this disease. This study aimed to determine the effect of XOS (Xylo-oligosaccharide) as prebiotic in preventing insulin resistance. The rats were divided into 5 groups: XOS 2 gr/kg, XOS 1 gr/kg, XOS 0.5 gr/kg, diabetic control, and non-diabetic control. Animals were given the test substances and standard feed for 2 weeks then induced with STZ (streptozotocin) except for non-diabetic control. On the 19th day, the data was collected. The results showed that XOS 2 gr/kg BW could prevent blood sugar elevation which is 57.84% lower than diabetic control and show a comparable cholesterol level to normal control. It can be concluded that administration of XOS showed a significant effect in preventing T2DM.
ACE Inhibitory Activity and Functional Group Analysis of Solvent- Partitioned Fractions of Eleusine indica Cometa, Jade Celon; Mancol, Liahona Faith Roldan; Yen, Anthony Nalzaro; Manlusoc, Joanne Katherine Talens
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 7, No. 1
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Abstract

Eleusine indica Linn. Gaerth or Indian goose grass has been widely used as an alternative natural anti-hypertensive agent. However, the rationale behind this mechanism is still unknown. The purpose of this study is to confirm the presence of functional groups that may be responsible for its ACE inhibitory activity and its possible synergism. Each solvent-portioned fraction was analyzed by FTIR, individual ACE inhibitory activity, and combination of fractions. FTIR results of solvent- partitioned fractions revealed that O-H and C-H stretches were present in all fractions. In addition to this, C-O and C=O groups were also present in all fractions except in ethyl acetate. S=O groups were also present in chloroform, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol fractions. Other function groups such as N-O and C=C groups were present in ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions, respectively. The highest % inhibition obtained among the individual fraction is n-butanol at 96.031 % ± 0.004 at 500 ug/ml. The lowest % inhibition obtained among the individual fraction is chloroform at 32.544 % ± 0.011 at 500 ug/ml. The highest % inhibition among the combined fractions is ethyl acetate:butanol at 95.727% ± 20.847, while the lowest % inhibition in combination is hexane:chloroform at 89.626 % ± 19.577. The fraction with the lowest IC50 is hexane at 15.357, while the highest IC50 is chloroform at 168.207 ug/ml. Functional group present may be associated with the antihypertensive activity of the E. indica extracts. The more polar solvent-partitioned fractions of E. indica has a higher ACE inhibitory activity compared to its less polar solvent- partitioned fractions. The higher ACE inhibitory activity may be associated with the secondary metabolites present in the more polar fractions. There is also possible synergism present in the combined solvent-partitioned fractions as their % inhibition is higher than their individual effects.
Anti-proliferative Effects of a Coumarin Benjaminin on Four Human Cancer Cell Lines Mah, Siau Hui; Teh, Soek Sin; Ismail, Ahmad Azri Fitri; Ee, Gwendoline Cheng Lian
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 7, No. 1
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Abstract

Cancer is a major health issue around the globe. Chemotherapy and radiation therapy are no longer the standard treatments for patients as these remedies lead to many adverse effects. Thus, the development of alternative effective drugs from lead compounds, especially natural products is necessary. This study aimed to isolate cytotoxic phytochemical constituents from a plant Calophyllum inophyllum, which has been used as traditional medicine since ancient time. The root of C. inophyllum was extracted and subjected for phytochemical constituent isolation. A coumarin, benjaminin (1) was isolated successfully from the chloroform extract and its structural elucidation was performed by spectroscopy analyses of MS, IR and NMR. The anti-proliferative effect of 1 on four cancer cell lines, leukemia (K562), stomach (SNU-1), liver (Hep-G2) and lung (NCI-H23) cancers were evaluated by using colorimetric MTT assay. Benjaminin (1) exhibited cytotoxic effects towards all cancer cells and showed the strongest inhibition towards SNU-1 cell proliferation with an IC50 value of 70.42 μM. The outcome of this study revealed that 1 is a potential cytotoxic lead compound that could be further developed into anti-cancer drug. Thus, the study on the structure-activity relationship of 1 is highly recommended in due course to improve its anti-proliferative effects on cancer cells.
Interaction of thymidine with sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate in alcohol and water: Studies with UV-Vis technique Paudel, Indu M; Bhattarai, Ajaya
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 7, No. 1
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Abstract

The accurate measurement of thymidine absorbance in the presence of sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate (AOT) in ethanol and water systems at room temperature by UV-vis technique has been reported. The AOT concentrations varied from 0.0005 to 0.014 [mol/L] in ethanol whereas from 0.0002 to 0.042 [mol/L] in water. The concentration of thymidine was 0.0073 [mol/L] during UV-vis spectrum registration. The thymidine spectrum was examined in the presence of AOT concentration. Using a statistical method of non-linear regression (NLREG), thymidine binding and thymidine distribution constants were evaluated. A noticeable decrease in thymidine absorbance in the presence of AOT concentration was shown in the water system; whereas, in the ethanol system, just the opposite trend has been found. The results are discussed in the context of binding and distribution constants in the studied systems.
An Exploration of Electrospun Fibers Containing Drug-Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complexes Fatimah, Fatimah; Aytac, Zeynep; Uyar, Tamer; Pasparakis, George; Williams, Gareth R
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 7, No. 1
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Abstract

A series of new core-shell fibers were developed containing anticancer drugs (5-fluorouracil or ferulic acid) and their cyclodextrin inclusion complexes, with a gadolinium-based magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent. These were prepared by electrospinning, a simple method for producing ultra-fine fibers through the application of a strong electrostatic force on a polymer solution. The shell of the fibers was formed from Eudragit S100, and the drugs were loaded in the core. Scanning electron microscopy images showed the formation of smooth ribbon-like fibers, with diameters ranging from 1.4 to 5.1 μm, and transmission electron microscopy reveals a transparent interface between the core and shell compartments. X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry data confirmed the encapsulation of the drug into the cyclodextrin cavity and the formation of amorphous solid dispersions in the fibers. Drug release from the systems at pH 1 and 7 showed that all the drug loading was released within one hour at pH 1. Based on these results, it is proposed that the relatively low molecular weight drugs were able to diffuse out of the system into the release medium at acidic pH, despite the insolubility of the shell polymer under these conditions. These findings have important implications for the design of electrospun drug delivery systems.
Antioxidant and Antiaging Assays of Ageratum conyzoides (L.) Ethanolic Extract Sutjiatmo, Afifah B; Edriayani, Novi; Mulyasari, Tira Endang; Hermanto, Faizal; Fahrauk, M.; Sukandar, Elin Y.; Kusuma, Hanna Sari Widya; Rizal, Rizal; Widowati, Wahyu
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 7, No. 3
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Abstract

The declining ability of tissues to repair or replace themselves and maintain their structure and normal function is called aging. Aging is caused by free radical that can induce the activation of elastase and collagenase. Ageratum conyzoides (L.) or known as Babadotan is a medicinal plant that has been reported to be a good source of antioxidants that also inhibit aging process. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the antioxidant and antiaging properties of Babadotan Ethanolic Extract (BEE). Franswoth method was used to determine the phytochemical assay of BEE. Measurement of 2,2-diphenyl 1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenger was used for antioxidant assay, and inhibitory of elastase and collagenase activities was used for antiaging assay. The analysis of phytochemical compounds exhibited the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, polyphenols, steroids and triterpenoids, monoterpenoids and terpenoids, and the absence of saponin. BEE has lower activity on DPPH scavenging activity (IC50 = 80.7 µg/mL) than quercetin (IC50 = 3.25 µg/mL). BEE exhibited lower elastase and collagenase inhibitory activity (IC50 = 45.35 ± 2.2 µg/mL and 55.07 ± 1.1 µg/mL, respectively) compared to quercetin (IC50 = 11.64 ± 0.67 µg/mL and 19.91 ± 0.46 µg/mL). Overall, BEE possesses antioxidant and antiaging activities, although the activities are lower than quercetin.
Assessment of Depression Among Older Adults Staying in Old Home Care in Klang, Malaysia Qamar, Muhammad; Zahirah, Nurul; Ahmad, Sohail
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 7, No. 1
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Abstract

Mental disorders such as depression are widespread, often underdiagnosed, and usually inappropriately treated. The early recognition of factors that may promote depression with the help of depression screening aid can help to plan better care for the patient. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the depression prevalence among the older adults staying in old home care, to explore any association and differences of depression across various socio-demographic variables, and to study the predictors of depression among study subjects. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a convenience sample of 141 elderly by using the validated tool. The study instrument was divided into two sections: Section I (Socio-demographic data); Section II (M-Geriatric Depression Scale-14). The results showed 44.7% were in the age group of 65-75 years, the majority were Chinese (42.6%), and male (57.4%). Among the subjects, 43.3% had hypertension, followed by 39% of diabetes, and 8.5% were with heart disease, while more than 90% reported not known history of depression. The study revealed that more than 50% of the respondents had depression. Statistically, a significant difference was observed between the depression prevalence with marital status (p=0.021) and a history of heart disease (p= 0.002). On multivariate analysis, heart disease was found to be statistically significant. Depression was prevailing among the older community those who were staying in old home care. Daily evaluation should be done for the older population staying in old home care to attenuate the prevalence of depression. Family and social support were vital to highlight the issue of depression among older adults.

Page 17 of 36 | Total Record : 355

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