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Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research (PSR)
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 24072354     EISSN : 24770612     DOI : https://doi.org/10.7454/psr
Core Subject :
Aims Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research (PSR), an international, peer-reviewed, open access, and official journal from Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, aims to disseminate research results and findings in Pharmaceutical Sciences and Practices. Major area of interest is natural products in drug discovery and development. We also consider other areas related to pharmaceutical sciences and practices. PSR publishes content in English language to promote the sharing of knowledge to international scholars. PSR publish 5 types of articles: 1. Original article 2. Case report 3. Case series 4. Review article 5. Mini review article Scope Researches in Pharmaceutical Sciences and Practices which are covered by PSR are within these subject areas: - Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry - Pharmaceutical Chemistry - Pharmaceutical Technology - Pharmaceutical Biotechnology - Clinical Pharmacy - Pharmacology-Toxicology - Social and Administrative Pharmacy, including Pharmacoeconomy
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 355 Documents
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Validation Method for Simultaneous Analysis of Betamethasone Dipropionate and Retinoic Acid in Cream Formulation by Ultra High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Supandi, Supandi; Mansyur, Umar; Ranie, Annisa Ananda; Ulya, Linda Mazroatul
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 8, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

A simple, precise and rapid reverse phase UHPLC-PDA method has been developed and validated for the simultaneous analysis of betamethasone dipropionate (BTM) and retinoic acid (REA) in whitening cream dosage form. The mixture of betamethasone dipropionate (BTM) and retinoic acid (REA) was separated on Phenomenex Bonclone 10 C18 (150 mm x 3.9 mm) column. All separations were performed with a Dionex 3000 Photodiode Array (PDA) detector on 240 nm and 340 nm wavelength, column temperature at 40oC, and flow rate at 1.0 ml/min. The mobile phase was methanol-acetic acid 0.1% (85:15) with pH 5. The retention times of BTM and REA were found to be 1.90 and 3.70 minutes, respectively. The method showed good linearity with correlation coefficients of 0.9998 and 1.0000 over the ranges of 5-25 ppm for BTM and 25-200 ppm for REA, respectively. The method has mean recoveries in the range of 99.37% to 100.94% for all analytes. The developed method can be used in the routine analysis of BTM and REA in cream formulation, as well as for qualitative analysis in whitening cosmetic preparations or for quantitative analysis in drug preparations.
Evaluation of Potential Drug Interaction of Analgesic in Cancer Patient Receiving Palliative Care in Dharmais Cancer Hospital Sitepu, Eme Stepani; Puspitasari, Atika Wahyu; Azmi, Nuriza Ulul; Sari, Lila Nilam
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 7, No. 1
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Abstract

Analgesics are mostly used in cancer patients receiving palliative care to improve the quality of life of patients. Besides analgesics, cancer patients receiving palliative care were also given other drugs in combination to overcome other symptoms of cancer, and this combination could potentially cause drug interactions. This study was aimed to analyze the potential of drug interactions with analgesics in cancer patients. The study design was cross-sectional with a retrospective method and descriptive study. The sample of this study was cancer palliative care patient’s prescription at Dharmais Cancer Hospital in the period of January – December 2017. The sample analyzed in this study consisted of 273 prescriptions. This study found that there were 191 prescriptions (69.9%) of analgesics which potential- ly interacted with 316 interaction cases. Fentanyl and morphine with 61 cases (19.3%), morphine and gabapentin with 60 cases (18.9%) and morphine and amitriptyline with 33 cases (10.4%) were observed as the three most analgesics-other drugs interaction. Based on severity levels, there were 73.5% of major interaction, 26.3% of moderate interaction, and 0.2% of minor interaction. This study concluded that high occurrence of drug interactions was observed in analgesic drugs, therefore close monitoring is needed in cancer patient receiving palliative care.
Formulasi Gel Ekstrak Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera Lamk) Sebagai Sediaan Antiinflamasi Sugihartini, Nining; Jannah, Syauqul; Yuwono, Tedjo
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 7, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

The development of anti-inflammatory gel of Moringa oleifera leaf extract has been performed. This study aimed to determine the physical properties, irritation index and anti-inflammatory activity of gel with various concentration of Moringa oleifera leaf extract. The extract was obtained by maceration method using ethanol 70%. The extracts were formulated in a gel with a concentration of 3%, 6%, 9% by using Carbopol 940 as gelling agent. The gel was evaluated for its physical properties (viscosity, pH, spreadability, adhesivity), irritation index with rabbit test animals and anti-inflammatory activity with mice test animals based on epidermal thickness parameters. The test results showed that the increasing of extract concentration changed the viscosity, pH, adhesivity, epidermal thickness and spreadability of the gel. Based on the results of this study it can be concluded that the optimum concentration of Moringa oleifera leaf extract in gel as anti-inflammatory was 3%.
Profil Terapi Antihipertensi dan Antihiperlipidemia Terhadap Fungsi Ginjal Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 dengan Komplikasi Penyakit Ginjal Kronis di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Rachmaini, Fitri; Amalia, Lia; Rahayu, Cherry
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 7, No. 1
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Abstract

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) complication increases the risk of morbidity and mortality in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DMT2) patients. The presence of hypertension and dyslipidemia as comorbidity increases the risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications and further adding to the list of drugs used. Management of this comorbidity is essential to prevent cardiovascular events and minimize kidney damage. This study aimed to evaluate therapeutic profile of antihypertensive and antihyperlipidemia drugs towards kidney function in DMT2 patients with CKD complication at Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital. Study was done by using a prospective single cohort design with consecutive sampling technique and obtained 37 patients. Serum creatinine, ureum and eGFR values were collected from December 2017 to February 2018 and became the basis of analysis in this study. The result of this study showed that there was a significant decrease in creatinine serum (p < 0.05), ureum (p < 0.05) and a significant increase in eGFR value (p < 0.05) after three months therapy. Based on the result it can be concluded that therapeutic profile of antihypertensive and antihyperlipidemia can control kidney function in DMT2 patients with CKD complication after three months study based on serum creatinine, ureum and eGFR values.
Development of Ethanolic Extract of Pinang Masak Jambi (Areca Catechu L.) as A Modulator of Doxorubicin Cytotoxic Effect in Breast Cancer Therapy Fitrianingsih, Fitrianingsih; Maharini, Indri; Utami, Diah Tri
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 7, No. 1
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Abstract

Doxorubicin is one of the chemotherapy agents that is often used in breast cancer therapy. Phenomenon of breast cancer cell resistance to chemotherapy agents has been traced to the molecular level. The development of compounds that can overcome drug resistance chemotherapy needs to be continuously developed, especially agents with specific molecular targets, namely P-glycoprotein (Pgp), NFkB, cyclin, and cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK). Another alternative is the combination of chemotherapy agents with chemopreventive agents (co-chemotherapy) to reduce side effects and increase sensitivity of cancer cells. Doxorubicin is often used in breast cancer therapy. This study was performed to determine the effect of ethanolic extract of Pinang Masak Jambi (Areca catechu L.) (EEPMJ) and doxorubicin combination on MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Cytotoxic assay of EEPMJ and doxorubicin, alone, or in combination, was done using MTT test method to determine the IC50 and CI (Combination Index) values. The results indicated that EEPMJ and doxorubicin had IC50 values of 75.1 µg/ml and 22 µg/ml, respectively. Based on CI values, all combination concentration showed varying CI values. The concentration of 1/8 IC50 of EEPMJ with 1/2, 1/4, and 1/8 IC50 of doxorubicin showed a strong synergistic effect (CI 0.1 - 0.3), with the inhibition of cell viability up to 67.39%. This synergistic effect occurs because EEPMJ potentially could increases the cytotoxicity of doxorubicin.
Encapsulation of Temulawak Extract by Using Nanocrystalline Cassava and Sago Starches and Maltodextrin Sunarti, Titi Candra; Pasaribu, Fatimah J; Winarti, Christina
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 7, No. 1
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Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate the performance of Curcuma zanthorrhiza crude extract after encapsulated in nanocrystalline starch, and to investigate the effect of the ratio of nanocrystalline starches and maltodextrin; and the effect of concentration of temulawak extract on nanocapsule characteristics, as well as encapsulation effect on the stability of antioxidant activity. Preparation of nanocrystalline starch was conducted by using lintnerization and ethanol precipitation of cassava and sago starches. Nanocrystalline starch and maltodextrin were used as matrices with the ratio varied from 25:75, 50:50, and 75:25. The mixture of temulawak extract and matrices were homogenized and spray dried. Nanocapsules characteristics included the efficiency of encapsulation and drug loading, and antioxidant activity test were investigated. Nanocrystalline cassava and sago starches were potentially modified starch that can be used as the matrix for its low solubility and digestibility. It showed that the ratio of nanocrystalline starch, maltodextrin, and concentration of temulawak extract significantly influenced the nanocapsule characteristics. The best encapsulation condition obtained for nanocrystalline matrix from cassava starch with the ratio of nanocrystalline starch: maltodextrin 25:75 (%w/w) and 10% concentration of the temulawak extract, while for sago are 75:25 (%w/w) and 10% concentration of temulawak extract. Nanocrystalline matrix from cassava starch revealed higher encapsulation efficiency and antioxidant activity. The use of high temperatures during spray drying affected by the slight decline of antioxidant activity of encapsulated temulawak extract. Encapsulation of temulawak extract by using nanocrystalline starch and maltodextrin could retain and protect its antioxidant activity.
A Mini Review : Clinically Significant Potential Drug-Drug Interactions In COVID-19 and Comorbid Therapy Faizah, Ana Khusnul; Nurrahman, Nani Wijayanti Dyah; Putra, Oki Nugraha
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 7, No. 4
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Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and can be aggravated by comorbid diseases. In administering COVID-19 therapy, we need to consider potential drug-drug interactions (pDDIs) with comorbid drugs. Most patients with comorbid diseases get polypharmacy, therefore the risk of pDDIs increases. Potential drug-drug interactions can cause unwanted effects such as toxicity to death. There is no on-label therapy for COVID-19 but FDA has Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) for hydroxychloroquine, chloroquine, azithromycin, remdesivir, ritonavir, and lopinavir. Some COVID-19 treatment potential drug-drug interactions have a level of severity C and D, so there is a high need for close monitoring during drug administration or modification therapy.
SARS-CoV-2: Virology and Drug Repurposing Approaches Rahmasari, Ratika; Setiawan, Heri; Syahdi, Rezi Riadhi; Arifianti, Ayun; Irianti, Marina Ika; Sauriasari, Rani; Makau, Juliann Nzembi; Raekiansyah, Muhareva
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 7, No. 4
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Abstract

An emerging coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, is the causative agent for the ongoing pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which has caused a worldwide social and economic disruption. Currently, no antiviral drugs with proven clinical efficacy, or vaccines for its prevention. Therefore, to combat the pandemic of this novel coronavirus, new effective treatments are urgently needed. In the process of traditional drug development, developing new drugs from scratch is a time- consuming process, requires high-investment, and is a high-risk process, which is impractical to face the immediate global challenge of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Drug repurposing strategy is one of the effective ways to quickly find a therapeutic agent for COVID-19 Existing medicines, which already have been tested and proven safe in humans might work for COVID-19 offering a potentially faster approach for the disease management. Here, we review h the latest research progress in epidemiology, viral genome, and life cycles of SARS-CoV-2. Further, we describe and discuss some promising drugs repurposed to target SARS-CoV-2 that are being evaluated in clinical trials.
Remdesivir: Mechanism and Effectiveness for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Neldi, Vina; Suharjono, Suharjono
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 7, No. 4
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Abstract

Currently, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a very serious health problem. The World Health Organization (WHO) has characterized this disease as a pandemic. Recommendations related to vaccines and drugs are not available yet because they are still in the clinical trial phase, and one of the superior drugs is remdesivir which has an antiviral activity. Several clinical trials of this drug are being carried out with the aim of evaluating its safety and efficacy in COVID-19 patients. There are two clinical trials with completed recruitment status, which are NCT04257656 and NCT04280705. NCT04257656 showed that remdesivir had faster time for clinical improvement in severe COVID-19 patients compared to placebo although it was not found to be statistically significant. Moreover, NCT04280705 showed that remdesivir was superior compared to placebo in shortening the recovery time in hospitalized adults with COVID-19. Gilead Sciences is also conducting clinical trials on this drug, and WHO has also conducted a solidarity trial and INSERM DisCoVery trials on remdesivir. Based on two clinical trials completed, satisfactory results are shown in patients with remdesivir therapy compared with patients who received placebo, although it is very important to wait for the results of other ongoing clinical trials to strengthen the evidence of the safety and efficacy of this drug.
Chloroquine: An Old to be Repurposed Drug For COVID-19 Infection (Risk and Benefit) Putra, Oki Nugraha; Faizah, Ana Khusnul; Nurrahman, Nani Wijayanti Dyah; Hardiyono, Hardiyono
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 7, No. 4
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Abstract

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) with a high rate of mortality. Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine have been used for antimalarial and autoimmune diseases for many years. Due to low toxicity and well tolerability as well as immunomodulatory properties, these drugs are proposed to treat viral infection. Some studies, both in vitro and in a clinical setting, have been evaluated for their ability to treat SARS- CoV-2 as promising therapies. Although The National Agency of Drugs and Food Control of The Republic of Indonesia issued emergency authorization for chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine to be used against COVID-19 infection, the efficacy of these drugs is still based on small clinical non- randomized trials with a limited number of patients. However, the use of these drugs without any risks. The safety of these drugs to be used in COVID-19 patients is lacking. Some experts noticed that the drugs cause harmful adverse effects, especially a harmful QT prolongation. In Indonesia, until now, no study evaluates the effectiveness as well as the safety of these drugs to be used in COVID-19 infection. This article will discuss the role of chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine and its safety to be used against COVID-19 infection.

Page 18 of 36 | Total Record : 355

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