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Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research (PSR)
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 24072354     EISSN : 24770612     DOI : https://doi.org/10.7454/psr
Core Subject :
Aims Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research (PSR), an international, peer-reviewed, open access, and official journal from Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, aims to disseminate research results and findings in Pharmaceutical Sciences and Practices. Major area of interest is natural products in drug discovery and development. We also consider other areas related to pharmaceutical sciences and practices. PSR publishes content in English language to promote the sharing of knowledge to international scholars. PSR publish 5 types of articles: 1. Original article 2. Case report 3. Case series 4. Review article 5. Mini review article Scope Researches in Pharmaceutical Sciences and Practices which are covered by PSR are within these subject areas: - Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry - Pharmaceutical Chemistry - Pharmaceutical Technology - Pharmaceutical Biotechnology - Clinical Pharmacy - Pharmacology-Toxicology - Social and Administrative Pharmacy, including Pharmacoeconomy
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 355 Documents
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Dermaseptin-Based Antiviral Peptides to Prevent COVID-19 through In Silico Molecular Docking Studies against SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Fakih, Taufik Muhammad
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 7, No. 4
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

A pandemic coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has now been declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization. The search for new drugs, especially by utilizing antiviral peptides is a very potential area. Through this study, protein-peptide docking and protein-protein docking simulations were conducted using in silico methods to identify, evaluate, and explore the molecular affinity and interaction of dermaseptin peptide molecules produced by frogs of the genus Phyllomedusa against the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein macromolecule, and its effect on attachment to the surface of the ACE-2 (Angiotensin Converting Enzyme-2) receptor. Protein-peptide docking simulation results show that dermaseptin-S9 peptide molecule has the best affinity to the active site of SARS- CoV-2 spike protein macromolecule binding site, with a binding free energy value of −792.93 kJ/mol. Then the results of protein-protein docking simulations proved that dermaseptin-S9 peptide molecule was able to prevent the attachment of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein to the surface of the ACE-2 receptor, with a total energy value of 517.85 kJ/mol. Therefore, it is hoped that dermaseptin-S9 peptide molecule can be further studied in the development of novel antiviral peptide candidates for the control of COVID-19 infectious disease.
Potential of Jamu in Nanotechnology Perspective as an Alternative Treatment for Covid-19 Kurniawan, Dhadhang Wahyu; Ikhsanudin, Azis
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 7, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

The world seems to be recovering at this time, especially because of the 2019 global coronavirus disease pandemic (COVID-19) caused by the Coronavirus 2 virus (SARS-CoV-2). This virus is similar to other β-coronaviruses through several steps to enter and bind angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as the main receptor. This binding, particularly in the respiratory epithelium and alveoli of the lungs, affects harmony in human host cells. No specific vaccines and antivirals are available to date as drug investigations are still ongoing. However, many Indonesians consume herbal medicine, especially 'empon-empon' containing the Zingiberaceae family, to protect their health from COVID-19. So far, herbal medicine has shown good results to protect the Indonesian people in fighting SARS-CoV-2 empirically. In this review, we describe the characteristics of SARS-CoV-2, herbal ingredients that are active in fighting COVID-19, and applied nanotechnology challenges to COVID-19. Therefore, it is proposed to develop herbal medicine with a nanotechnology approach to increase the efficacy and potential of herbal medicine in fighting COVID-19. Moreover, the development of nanotechnology for Indonesian jamu will increase the value of Indonesian jamu and raise its reputation in the world.
The Potential Roles of Jamu for COVID-19: A Learn from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Hartanti, Dwi; Dhiani, Binar Asrining; Charisma, Shintia Lintang; Wahyuningrum, Retno
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 7, No. 4
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

As the pandemic of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues while there is no drug and vaccine available, every effort to discover one should be considered. This review aimed to discuss the potential use of jamu, the Indonesian traditional herbal medicine, to deal with COVID-19 by following those of more-established traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). The online literature search using the PubMed database, as well as the circulars from the Indonesian Ministry of Health, were carried out to collect data up to June 07, 2020. The use of TCM for the treatment and prevention of COVID-19 has been officiated in the Chinese National Clinical Guideline on COVID-19 Associated Pneumonia, with shen-fu-tang + su-he-xiang pill and xiang-sha-liu-junzi- tang as the most frequently suggested formulae to treat severe and recovery stages of COVID-19, respectively. In Indonesia, the highly promoted product for the prevention of this disease is likely the adaptation of a TCM formula, while the use of some other formulae, which mainly containing Zingiberaceae, is suggested by the Government for the said purpose. The rationalization of the use of medicinal plants and suggested polyherbal formulae, based on their available pharmacological activity and the bioactive compounds, is also discussed in this review. The use of jamu for COVID-19, however, needs to be carefully considered for the limited scientific data available to support it.
Prediction of Asiatic Acid Derivatives Affinity Against SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease Using Molecular Docking Musfiroh, Ida; Resti Azura, Alia; Rahayu, Driyanti
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 7, No. 4
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

COVID-19 is a pandemic that currently occurs in almost all parts of the world, caused by a new coronavirus species that can infect humans, namely SARS-CoV-2. To date, there is no effective drug to treat COVID-19. There are studies proving that the secondary metabolites of pentacyclic triterpenes have antiviral activity, one of which is asiatic acid. The aims of this study are to obtain the affinity and interactions of asiatic acid derivative structures in inhibiting the main protease of SARS-CoV-2. The research method was molecular docking of asiatic acid and its derivatives against the main protease of SARS-CoV-2 (6LU7) consisting of ligand and receptor preparation, identification of active site, and molecular docking simulation. The results of this study indicate that asiatic acid derivative AA9 has the best affinity in inhibiting the main protease of SARS- CoV-2 with binding free energy value (∆G) of -9.90 kcal/mol, compared with favipiravir which has ∆G value of -4.58 kcal/mol. AA9 also has an interaction with the main protease of SARS- CoV-2 through hydrogen bonds with Gly143. This present study showed that asiatic acid and its derivatives have a higher binding affinities to SARS-CoV-2 main protease compared to favipiravir.
Epigenetic Diet to Modulate Immune Response against SARS-CoV-2 Andika, Andika; Ahdyani, Risa; Erlina, Linda; Azminah, Azminah; Yanuar, Arry
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 7, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has spread to various parts of the world and caused many deaths. The victims are infected by SARS-CoV-2, a new type of coronavirus that has appeared since December 2019 and caused respiratory symptoms, fever, coughing, and shortness of breath. In addition to social distancing, wearing masks and washing hands, diet is important as a defense of the body against SARS-CoV-2. In this review, researchers conducted epigenetic diet studies that could potentially inhibit SARS-CoV-2, and can be consumed and used on a daily basis.
Cytokine Storm in COVID-19: An Overview, Mechanism, Treatment Strategies, and Stem Cell Therapy Perspective Azmi, Nuriza Ulul; Puteri, Meidi Utami; Lukmanto, Donny
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 7, No. 4
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the disease caused by the highly transmittable novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infections. The disease was found at the end of December 2019, in Wuhan, China, and quickly spread worldwide with a higher mortality rate compared to the previous coronavirus disease. Cytokine plays an important role in the inflammatory response against coronavirus infection. However, in severely ill patients with COVID-19, an excessive amount of cytokine serum level (cytokine storm) has been associated with the aggravation of coronavirus disease leading to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Thus, the management of the cytokine storm could be the key to stop COVID-19 progression. This article reviews an overview related to SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19, mechanism and prospective treatment strategies for cytokine storm in COVID-19, and a viewpoint of stem cells perspective. The purpose is to provide some information that could be useful for future guidelines in the clinical management of COVID-19.
A Study on The Formulation of Plant Matrix Tablets From Coarse Botanical Materials Using Cinnamon Bark and Areca Nut as The Model Botanical Materials Veronica, Natalia; Ang, Xiu Hui; Ooi, Shing Ming; Liew, Celine Valeria; Heng, Paul Wan Sia
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 7, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Background: There is much interest in formulating botanical materials into tablets due to the compactness and ease of administration. However, tableting of coarse milled botanical materials poses a challenge due to poor tableting properties. Objective: To evaluate the feasibility of wet granulation to produce tablets from coarse milled botanical materials and to assess the effect of formulation on properties of the tablets. Materials and Methods: Cinnamon bark and areca nut were milled to obtain 1–2 mm particle size, which was subsequently used in wet granulation using maltodextrin solution as a granulating liquid. Two diluents were tried; microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) or mannitol at a different ratio to the botanical materials. Tablets were then produced from the granules and evaluated for tensile strength and surface roughness. Results: Tablets formulated with MCC had higher tensile strength than tablets formulated with mannitol. Additionally, granules prepared using mannitol were more friable than those with MCC. The effect of diluent to botanical material ratio was more prominently observed on tablet surface roughness. Tablets containing a higher ratio of botanical material had a rougher surface, which could have implications on the mouth-feel of the tablets. Conclusion: Wet granulation could be a viable pre-processing method to produce tablets from coarse milled botanical materials.
Potential Risk Factors for Mortality Due to Cardiovascular Disease Among Hemodialysed Patients in Indonesia Ramatillah, Diana Laila; Syed Sulaiman, Syed Azhar; Khan, Kashif Ullah
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 7, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Severe vascular calcifications, alterations in cardiovascular structure and function, immune dysfunction, and anemia are adverse effects of parathyroid hormone (PTH), which may contribute to increase risk factors of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality among renal failure patients. To evaluate the potential risk factors for mortality due to cardiovascular disease among hemodialysed patients in Indonesia, this cohort study was conducted. This study included 178 patients on hemodialysis who had been followed up two times a week for nine months (prospective cohort) and 185 patients who died in the last five years (retrospective cohort). Universal sampling technique were used to select the study subjects. Male was prevalence among hemodialysed patients in hemodialysis center, Jakarta, Indonesia and the third group of age (51-60 years) was predominant among these patients. Java ethnicity was found in almost 50% hemodialysed patients in this hemodialysis center. Most of those patients had hypertensive family history. Besides that, more than 70 percent of them were married and non-smoker. The study found that cardiovascular disease caused mortality among hemodialysed patients in Indonesia and the duration of cardiovascular disease influenced the probability of death/risk of mortality among these patients (HR 2.39, p = 0.006). Mortality among patients on hemodialysis in this study was caused by cardiovascular disease, and this cause of death was included in one of the biggest causes. During the study, several practice patterns revealed no PTH level check, no patients got calcimimetic agents such as rocalcitriol/calcitriol and calcium value check was conducted irregularly. As we know, there is a correlation between PTH, calcium and cardiovascular disease. Hence, mortality due to cardiovascular disease among hemodialysed patients significantly correlated with the duration of cardiovascular disease, and potentially with lack of PTH check, calcium check and rocalcitriol/calcitriol supplement given to those patients.
Evaluation of Antipsychotic Activity of Ethanolic Bark Extract of Myrica esculenta in Rats Sapkota, Biswash; Acharya, Ankit; Dangi, Bishal; HV, Annegowda
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 7, No. 3
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Abstract

The antipsychotic properties of Myrica esculenta stem bark were evaluated. The stem bark was collected, shade dried, and pulverized. Extraction was carried out with 70% ethanol by occasional shaking. Preliminary phytochemical screening of the extract was investigated in this study. Antipsychotic activity was evaluated against apomorphine-induced stereotypy using cook’s pole climbing apparatus and haloperidol-induced catalepsy models. Bioamine determination of noradrenaline and dopamine was also performed. The extract contains phytochemicals, including glycosides, flavonoids, volatile oils, proteins, saponins, phenolics, and tannins. The result showed decreased apomorphine-induced stereotyped behavior. This study reported significant dose-dependent potentiation of haloperidol-induced catalepsy in rats and a longer time needed by the rat to climb the pole in a dose-dependent manner. Also, it significantly decreased brain dopamine and noradrenaline level. The ethanolic extract of M. esculenta exhibited significant antipsychotic activity in rats. Further neurochemical investigation is needed to explore the plant drug’s mechanism of action regarding anti-dopaminergic functions and establish the plant as an antipsychotic agent.
Removal of Mimosine from Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit Seeds to Increase Their Benefits as Nutraceuticals Wardatun, Sri; Harahap, Yahdiana; Mun'im, Abdul; Saputri, Fadlina Chany, Dr.; Sutandyo, Noorwati
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 7, No. 3
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Abstract

The Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit tree contains pharmacologically active compounds and can easily be found in abundant quantities. The utilization of this tree as a source of nutraceuticals would increase its value. The extraction yields show the number of compounds that have been extracted by solvent. However, Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit seeds also contain mimosine, which can cause hair loss. The present study investigated the process of removing mimosine from the seeds. Three treatments were applied to these seeds: treatment without soaking, soaking with distilled water for 24 hours, and splitting the seeds in half and then soaking with distilled water for 24 hours. The seeds were dried, ground, and then extracted with different concentrations of ethanol solvent. The mimosine levels of the extracts were measured with a JascoV-730 spectrophotometer using ferry chloride as a reagent. The results showed that the soaking process and the concentration of ethanol had significant effects on the extract yields and mimosine levels. The unsoaked seeds, extracted with 70% ethanol, produced the highest ratio of extract yield to mimosine level. Therefore, 70% ethanol can be used as a solvent to utilize unsoaked seeds as nutraceuticals.

Page 19 of 36 | Total Record : 355

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