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Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research (PSR)
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 24072354     EISSN : 24770612     DOI : https://doi.org/10.7454/psr
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Aims Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research (PSR), an international, peer-reviewed, open access, and official journal from Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, aims to disseminate research results and findings in Pharmaceutical Sciences and Practices. Major area of interest is natural products in drug discovery and development. We also consider other areas related to pharmaceutical sciences and practices. PSR publishes content in English language to promote the sharing of knowledge to international scholars. PSR publish 5 types of articles: 1. Original article 2. Case report 3. Case series 4. Review article 5. Mini review article Scope Researches in Pharmaceutical Sciences and Practices which are covered by PSR are within these subject areas: - Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry - Pharmaceutical Chemistry - Pharmaceutical Technology - Pharmaceutical Biotechnology - Clinical Pharmacy - Pharmacology-Toxicology - Social and Administrative Pharmacy, including Pharmacoeconomy
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 355 Documents
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Genetic Polymorphism Cytochrome P4502a6 Allel *4 And *9: Studi On Glycohemoglobine Level Among Javanese Indonesian Smokers Patramurti, Christine; Fenty,
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 6, No. 2
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Abstract

Nicotine, the active compound in cigarettes, was considered as the risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In the human body, nicotine would be metabolized by the enzyme cytochrome P450 2A6 (CYP2A6). CYP2A6 was known to be highly polymorphic. The active form of this gene was CYP2A6 *1, while the CYP2A6 *4 and CYP2A *9 alleles were the inactive alleles. The presence of this inactive allele caused the decreased activity of CYP2A6 so that it would affect the level of nicotine in the blood and would eventually cause an increased blood sugar levels. This study aimed to determine the effect of CYP2A6 polymorphism on glycohemoglobine levels among Javanese smokers. The blood sugar levels were measured by hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). In this study, 33 active smokers involved in the study were identified as slow metabolizers, by which 63.9% of all test participants had CYP2A6 *1/*4 genotype and as many as 6.1% of the test participants had the CYP2A6 *1/*4/*9. The HbA1c levels among the participants have been analyzed, 28 participants were in normal range (4.83-5.56%); 4 participants were identified in prediabetes condition (5.70% - 5.97%) and 1 participant was in diabetes with HbA1c level was 7.16%. This condition indicates that the presence of CYP2A6 *4 and *9 alleles will affect HbA1c levels which can eventually lead to T2DM disease.
Optimization of PVA-Arabic Gum–Honey-based Electrospun Nanofibers as Candidate Carrier for Peptide and Protein Delivery Rezeki, Ningsih; Khairurrijal,; Surini, Silvia
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 6, No. 2
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Abstract

Nanofibers dressing exhibit several advantageous characteristics for accelerating wound healing, such as its similar structure to the extracellular matrix (ECM), high surface area/volume ratio, high porosity and high loading capacity of drug. The nanofibers dressing which were prepared by the electrospinning technique using combination of synthetic and natural polymer excipients capable of fulfilling the ideal wound dressing criteria. This study aimed to develop nanofibers dressing prepared from polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), Arabic gum (GA) and honey by electrospinning method. This study focused on the effect of electrospinning parameters and the morphology of electrospun nanofibers of the blended solutions made from PVA (9% w/v) – GA (1% w/v) and honey (at varied concentrations of 0;1;3% w/v) with or without Triton X-100 (0.05% v/v). The effect of varied process parameters such as voltage and flow rate in electrospinning was also investigated. The blended solutions with the various concentration of honey at 0;1;3% w/v and Triton X-100 were named as FAt, FBt, and FCt, respectively, while the blended solutions without Triton X-100, were named as FA, FB, and FC. The optimum electrospining parameter were 18 KV and 5 µl/minute for FAt, FBt, and FCt; and 20 KV and 10 µl/minute for FA, FB, and FC. Electrospun nanofibers of FAt, FBt, FCt showed smoother and more uniform fibers in comparison to the nanofibers FA, FB, and FC. The average nanofibers diameter of FAt, FBt, FCt were 244±45; 266±45; 283±57 nm, respectively, while the average nanofibers diameter of FA, FB, FC was 406±140, 457±168, 594±204 nm, respectively. Higher concentration of honey increased the diameters of nanofibers. The average nanofibers diameter of FAt, FBt, and FCt were within nanoscale in range of the ECM (50-500 nm), which were suitable for accelerating wound healing. Therefore, this study indicated that PVA-GA-honey nanofibers dressing is suitable to be further developed as carrier for growth factors
Optimasi Komposisi Lactobacillus bulgaricus dan Streptococcus thermophilus pada Yogurt Terfortifikasi Buah Lakum (Cayratia trifolia (L.) Domin) sebagai Antibakteri terhadap Escherichia coli Rahman, Ika Ristia; Nurkhasanah,; Kumalasari, Ika
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 6, No. 2
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Abstract

Optimization of composition of Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus in yoghurt fortified by lakum fruit (Cayratia trifolia (L.) Domin) extract as an antibacterial against Escherichia coli was investigated for the first time in this research. Yoghurt was made by fermenting milk with several compositions of L. bulgaricus and S. thermophilus as starter cultures and also adding lakum fruit extract as an antibacterial against E. coli. The fermentation process was depended on the bacterial culture used. The aim of the research was to determine the optimal composition of L. Bulgaricus and S. thermophilus bacteria in lakum fruit yoghurt as an antibacterial against E. coli. The research was done by making variation of composition of L. bulgaricus and S. thermophilus bacteria culture in lakum fruit yoghurt. Lakum fruit yoghurt was analysed with acidity stability test, pH, anthocyanin level and inhibitory activity against E. coli. The data analysis was done with MANOVA (Multivariate Analysis of Variance). The results showed that lakum fruit yoghurt with composition of L. bulgaricus and S. thermophilus 2:1 (v/v) had a good stability with increased acidity dan decreased pH. The value of anthocyanin in lakum fruit yogurt decreased and plain yoghurt (without lakum fruit extract) with composition of L. bulgaricus and S. thermophilus 2:1 (v/v) gave the highest inhibitory value against E. coli.
Antidiabetics activity of salam koja (murraya koenigii ) leaves tea bag Widayanti, Ari; Srifiana, Yudi; Efendi, Kriana
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 6, No. 2
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Abstract

Koja bay leaves (Murraya koenigii) which mostly cultivated in Indonesia and the leaves usually used by Aceh people as a flavoring agent for food, has been known to have an antidiabetic effect.. In this study, we analyzed the antidiabetic effect of koja bay leaves tea bags which commercially available. Methods: The two variant doses of koja bay leaves tea bag (411.11 mg/g body weight and 822.22 mg/g body weight) were administered to 25 male rats which divided into five groups. The antidiabetic activity was determined by measuring blood glucose of rats administered by koja bay leaves tea bag compared to blood glucose of rats in positive control which was given glibenclamide negative control, and normal control. Results: The results showed that dose 1 and 2 decreased blood glucose level by 51.27% and 45.17%, respectively, fairly similar to the glibenclamide (63.38%). Conclusion: Koja bay leaves tea bag have comparable activity with glibenclamide in reducing the blood glucose level.
Comparison of Antioxidant and Anti-collagenase Activity of Genistein and Epicatechin Geeta,; Widodo, Wahyu Setia; Widowati, Wahyu; Ginting, Chrismis Novalinda; Lister, I Nyoman Ehrich; Armansyah, Adek; Girsang, Ermi
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 6, No. 2
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Abstract

Background: Skin aging is a complex natural process caused by both intrinsic or genetically programmed aging and extrinsic aging caused by environmental factors, such as free radical. The use of antioxidant and anti-collagenase to prevent the aging proses has been known. Natural compounds from plants are one of the sources of antioxidant and anti-collagenase that has ability to prevent aging. Genistein and Epicatechin are the major phenolic compound found in G. max. Objectives: This research was to evaluate the antiaging potential of genistein and epicatechin through antioxidant activity assay (ABTS-reducing activity assay) and collagenase inhibitory activity assay. Methods: Antioxidant analysis of Genistein and Epicatechin was performed by 2,2’- azinobis-3-ethylbenzo-thiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) reducing activity Assay. Antiaging assay was conducted through inhibitory of collagenase, one of important enzyme in aging process. Results: ABTS- reducing activity assay showed that both compounds had great ABTS-reducing activity in which epicatechin had better activity than genistein. Epicatechin had low value of IC50 ABTS-reducing activity around 14.39 µg/ml better than genistein with IC50 about 43.17 µg/ml. In terms of collagenase inhibitory activity assay, epicatechin had lower value of IC50 (9.08+-3.46 ug/ml), better than genistein (98.74+-4.25 ug/ml). Conclusion: Epicatechin had higher antioxidant and anti- collagenase activity compared to Genistein.
Preventive Effects of Alpha-Lipoic Acid on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Endothelial Dysfunction in Rats Christianty, Fransiska Maria; Suharjono,; Susilo, Imam; Khotib, Junaidi
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 6, No. 2
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Abstract

Endothelial dysfunction has been considered as one of the key initial events in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Several studies imply that chronic inflammation and oxidative stress play a critical role in endothelial dysfunction. The present study was designed to evaluate the preventive effect of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced endothelial dysfunction in rat based on malondialdehyde (MDA) level and vascular cell adhesion molecules-1 (VCAM-1) expression. Thirty Wistar rats were administered ALA for 2 weeks in different doses (30, 60, 120 mg.kg-1 BW) 1 hour before LPS 0.5 mg.kg-1 BW i.p challenge. The LPS was injected on 1st, 4th, and 9th day. MDA plasma level was analyzed with spectrophotometer λ 529 nm, and VCAM-1 expression was determined by immunohistochemistry. Pretreatment with ALA for 14 days could decrease plasma MDA level on LPS-induced endothelial dysfunction in rats. However, only one group of ALA doses, 120 mg.kg-1 BW, showed significant difference with LPS untreated group statistically. It was also found that ALA, in all treatment groups, could attenuate VCAM-1 expression. These findings suggest that ALA had a protective effect against endothelial dysfunction and may potentially prevent vascular inflammatory disease.
Kajian Narrative terhadap Profil Farmakokinetik Antibiotik pada Pasien Kritis: Implikasi terhadap Ketercapaian Target Farmakokinetik-Farmakodinamik Setiawan, Eko; Widyati,; Marpaung, Ferdy Royland; Sukandar, Edy; Susaniwati,; Lukas, Dwi Lily; Wijono, Heru; Warindra, Taufin; Kurniawan, Roni; Wibowo, Tjipto; Hendradi, Wahyu; Costa, Menino Osbert; Aziz, Mohd-Hafiz Abdu; Roberts, Jason
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 6, No. 1
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Abstract

The severity of diseases, the complexity of treatment, and the use of medical devices in the intensive care unit (ICU) may change the pharmacokinetics (PK) profile of antibiotics among critically ill patients.This narrative review aims to explain the PK profile of critically ill patients compared to other group of patients and to describe the pharmacokinetic-pharmacidynamic (PK-PD) target attainment among this group of patients. Only articles published less than 10 years ago were included in this narrative review. Evidences have indicated that critically ill patients have relatively larger volume distribution (Vd) of hydrophilic antibiotics compared to patients with stable conditions. The fluid shifting to interstitial space, hypoalbuminemia, and aggressive fluid treatment may contribute to the increase value of Vd in critically ill patients. The clearance (CL) of hydrophilic antibiotics in critically ill patients is highly determined by dynamic changing of renal function compared to patients in other wards. The phenomenon of augmented renal clearance and the use of high intensity of renal replacement therapy can increase the CL of hydrophilic antibiotics. The different PK profile of antibiotics may lead to the failure of attaining the PK-PD target if the dose of antibiotics is not adjusted according to such differences
Analisis Potensi Interaksi Obat Golongan Antidepresan pada Pasien Skizofrenia di Rumah Sakit Jiwa Dr. Soeharto Heerdjan Tahun 2016 Puspitasari, Atika Wahyu; Angeline, Loranda
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 6, No. 1
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Schizophrenic patients who used antidepressant combination drug therapy in their treatment can cause drug interaction. This study aimed to determine the potential drug interactions of antidepressant in schizophrenic patients. The study designed was cross-sectional by random sampling. The samples were secondary data from outpatient prescriptions and medical record of schizophrenic patients in Psychiatric Hospital Dr. Soeharto Heerdjan during 2016. From 743 drug prescriptions, it was found that 694 (91.41%) drug prescriptions having 1286 (61.24%) cases of drug interaction. The most common interaction were fluoxetine and risperidone in 376 cases (29.24%). The proportion based on interaction level was 1246 cases (96.89%) for severe, 34 cases (2.64%) for moderate, and 6 cases (0.47%) for minor. The study concluded that antidepressant prescribing needs to be closely monitored because of high incidence in drug interactions or modified when the negative impact was greater than the positive impact.
Improvement of Losartan Transdermal Permeation using Oleic Acid Pretreatment: in Vitro Observation and in Vivo Prediction Binarjo, Annas; Nugroho, Akhmad Kharis
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 6, No. 1
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The effect of oleic acid on losartan transdermal permeation has been observed to explore its ability as chemical enhancer. Potassium losartan solutions in citric buffer pH 5.0 were made in two levels of concentration i.e. 2 mg/mL and 10 mg/mL using propylene glycol 15% as solubilizing agent. Losartan transport from such solutions with and without oleic acid one hour pretreatment were tested using male Wistar rat skin as a membrane for 30 hours in vertical diffusion sel. The transport profiles were analyzed based on the lag time diffusion method. It is showed that oleic acid pretreatment did not effect on losartan permeation rate and efficiency of 2 mg/mL potassium losartan concentration. However, such pretreatment enhanced losartan permeation rate and efficiency 21 and 23-fold higher respectively for 10 mg/mL the potassium losartan concentration. It is predicted that losartan minimum effective plasma concentration can be achieved in transdermal administration through this transport improvement in normal application area.
The Effectiveness of Clinical Pharmacist Intervention in Reducing Drug Related Problems of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Patient in Tangerang District General Hospital, Indonesia Budiastuti, Rizky Farmasita; Radji, Maksum; Purnamasari, Rini
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 6, No. 1
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This study aimed to evaluate the clinical pharmacist interventions in reducing drug-related problems (DRPs) in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients in the Tangerang District General Hospital, Banten, Indonesia. This study used a prospective analysis of patients with a pre-post design between January-March 2017. The Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe (PCNE) (V6.2) pre-post study system was used to identify the DRPs of 138 patients. The Pharmacist interventions were addressed to physicians, patients, and other health professions to determine the effectiveness of pharmacist interventions before and after the intervention. The number of identified DRPs was 177 problems and the identified types of DRP was 164 types. The pharmacist interventions significantly decreased the DRPs from 177 to 10 DRPs (p < 0.05) and type of DRPs from 164 to 10 types of DRPs (p < 0.05). Risk factors for nutritional status, type of ALL, comorbidities, number of drug items, and type of treatments did not significantly affect (p > 0.05) to the decreased of the number and type of DRPs. Clinical pharmacist interventions able to reduce the number and type of DRPs and can improve treatment outcomes in childhood ALL.

Page 15 of 36 | Total Record : 355

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