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Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 02151936     EISSN : 26148412     DOI : https://doi.org/10.22146/bkm.v37i2.2320
Core Subject : Health,
Nursing Public Health
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM Public Health and Community Medicine) is a peer-reviewed and open access journal that deals with the fields of public health and public medicine. The topics of the article will be grouped according to the main message of the author. This focus covers areas and scope related to aspects of: - Epidemiology - Infectious diseases control - Clinical Epidemiology - Environmental Health - Occupational Health - Healthy City - Public Health and Primary Health Care - School of Health Promotion - Healthy lifestyles - Health promotion - Health and Social Behavior - Tobacco and smoking - Adolescent Health - Public Health Nutrition - Maternal and Child Health - Reproductive Health - Population Health - Health of Vulnerable People - Social Determinants of Health - Water, Sanitation and Hygiene - Human Resource Management
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kesehatan Masyarakat, Kesehatan Lingkungan dan Pekerjaan
Articles 1,528 Documents
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Fire risk analysis and mapping in Kepulauan Seribu, North Jakarta, Indonesia Nazhrah, Siti Widya; Lestari, Fatma; Octaviani, Devie Fitri
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 38 No 01 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v38i01.3761

Abstract

Purpose: Kepulauan Seribu is an inseparable part of DKI Jakarta Province. Kepulauan Seribu has more than 110 islands and 11 inhabited islands, where this island area has its own challenges to fire response time. The objective of this study is to measure the fire risk in Kepulauan Seribu, North Jakarta. Method: The data collection was carried out by means of stratified sampling and cross-sectional using a list of questionnaires and focus group discussion (FGD). The instrument used for the FGD with the Local Government Fire Service of Jakarta was a selected document with three parts; hazard, vulnerability, and risk management or fire protection and has twenty-two questions on a scale of one to five. The questionnaire on community leaders used customized questions on a scale of one to three. The results of both instruments were analyzed univariate and overlaid with the map of Kepulauan Seribu. Results: The results from both areas consisting of six urban villages and twenty-four community units showed that the locations with the highest risk of fire were located at Kelapa Island Urban Village at the high level, while the other five urban villages had a moderate risk. The most influential aspect of the high level of fire risk in Kepulauan Seribu was the dimensions of risk management and fire protection. Conclusion: The lack of infrastructure and fire fighting equipment were two important factors in the high risk of fire. The condition of the islands provides a significant difference in the source of the danger to fire, which one of the fire causes was autoignition. Suggestions that could be given are increasing the awareness and active roles of the community in fire control and prevention, managing training and socialization undertaken by the local communities and conceiving provision of infrastructure that supports fire prevention and control, transportation, and fire station.
Applying the Indonesian Urological Association’s recommendations for urology surgery during the COVID-19 pandemics in Dr Sardjito Public Referral Hospital Yogyakarta Irzan, Muhammad Anwar; Hendri, Ahmad Zulfan; Soerohardjo, Indrawarman
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 38 No 01 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v38i01.4070

Abstract

Purpose: Indonesia is a country with many COVID-19 cases distributed in all provinces. There were over 1,860,000 positive cases with 51,612 mortalities as of June 8th, 2021, and 289 deaths were from doctors. The Indonesian Urological Association (Ikatan Ahli Urologi Indonesia, IAUI) has initiatives to protect the members' safety in daily urology practices by issuing recommendations, including urology surgery. The Dr. Sardjito Teaching Hospital as a COVID-19 referral provides urologic surgery services. Method: This study aims to find the pandemic effect in urology surgeries at the COVID-19 Referral Hospital, applying IAUI recommendations. The number of surgeries was compared from 1 year before and after the 2020 IAUI recommendation between April 2019 and April 2021. Results: All categories decreased statistically significantly except fertility. Nine hundred sixty-nine urology surgeries were performed one year before, and 571 surgeries were conducted one year since the recommendation was released. Conclusion: All categories in urology surgery were significantly reduced during a pandemic. Several procedures supposed to delay were still performed under patients’ and urologist’ safety considerations. Urology surgery unit follows the Indonesian Urological Association Recommendations during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Community perception of biocontrol agent using Betta splendens (Ikan Cupang) against Aedes aegypti larvae: a community study in Bali Sudiartawan, I Putu; Erjana , I Gede Putra; Juliasih , Ni Ketut Ayu; Arsana , I Nyoman
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 39 No 06 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v39i6.4262

Abstract

Purpose: This study attempted to analyze the predation ability of Betta splendens as a biocontrol of Aedes aegypti larvae with a case study in Kartika Neighborhood, Dauh Puri, Denpasar City. Methods: This study employed a quasi-experimental approach and a qualitative investigation to ascertain public perceptions of using Betta splendens as a biocontrol agent for Aedes aegypti larvae. The trial lasted one month. Betta splendens were added to the respondent's bath (n=30), and larval mortality was determined at 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 hours. Analysis of data using the paired t-test. Results: The results showed that the characteristics of respondents were dominated by being 18–45 years old (73.30%), being male (56.70%), having a dominant education level of high school (66.60%), and using a cement bathtub (53.30%). The comparative test results obtained a p-value of 0.0001 (p<0.05), indicating a very significant change in the number of Aedes aegypti larvae during bathing before and after adding Betta fish, with an average predation ability of 85.87%. Community perception regarding using Betta fish as a biocontrol agent is very positive, and the acceptance rate and sustainability of Betta fish use reached 96.67%. There is no change in water conditions due to aroma, color, and taste. Conclusion: The predation power of Betta splendens as a natural biocontrol is excellent and effectively utilized in minimizing the presence of Aedes aegypti larvae in the bath (container).
The impact of the environment and community habits on malaria knowlesi post-elimination of malaria in UPTD Puskesmas Jaboi's work area in Sabang City Aditama, Wiwit; Zulfikar; Maulidin, Ichsan
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 39 No 12 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v39i12.4565

Abstract

Purpose: Malaria has spread to over 100 countries with tropical and subtropical climates globally. Around 35% of the population in Indonesia lives in areas at risk of malaria infection, and 38 thousand people die each year from severe malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum. Malaria outbreaks occur almost annually in Indonesia's various endemic areas. The purpose of this study was to ascertain Malaria Knowledge following Malaria Elimination in the Jaboi Health Center's UPTD Work Area in Sabang City. Methods: This research is descriptive by design Case-Control. The number of samples in this study was 7 people and 23 people as controls with chi-square test analysis. Results: According to the study's findings, there was a relationship between four broods and malaria (P = 0.014), no relationship between the habit of going out at night (P = 0.190), and a relationship between the use of repellents (0.009) and malaria following malaria elimination in the work area of UPTD Puskesmas. Jaboi, post-elimination cases of malaria knowlesi continue to occur due to an environment that is still conducive to mosquito breeding sites and as a result of the population's geographical location in an area with a high concentration of wild animals. Conclusion: There is a correlation between breeding sites and repellent use and malaria in the work area of the Jaboi Health Center UPTD Sabang City, but there is no correlation between the habit of going out at night and malaria in the work area of the Jaboi Health Center UPTD Sabang City.
Utilization and expenditure of Indonesia National Health Insurance before and during COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia: a descriptive study Hafidz, Firdaus; Kusila, Gilbert Renardi; Nadhira, Farrasila; Daniel; Baros, Wan Aisyah; Revelino, Dedy; Dhanalvin, Erzhan; Saut, Benjamin; Jaya, Citra; Oktavia, Ayunda
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 38 No 07 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v38i7.4964

Abstract

Purpose: This study describes the utilization of healthcare facilities before and during the COVID-19 pandemic and the expenditure of national health insurance at primary and secondary healthcare facilities. Methods: This is a descriptive study with a cross-sectional design. We utilized claim data from the National Health Insurance from January 2018 to June 2021. The population included in this study were all Indonesian citizens who contracted COVID-19. Both the Ministry of Health and National Health Insurance expenditure for COVID-19 services were captured. The data were analyzed in frequency and proportions. Results: There was a consistent utilization trend across all types of healthcare facilities (primary vs. secondary; public vs. private), with an upward trend before the Covid-19 pandemic, a downward trend in 2020, and a slight increase before June 2021. Primary healthcare utilization jumped by 19% during the 2018-2019 period and dropped by 34% from March to April 2020. A similar trend was observed in the secondary healthcare facilities, with the utilization cost being lower in the 2020 and 2021 periods than in previous years. Hospital visits also showed a decreasing trend during the start of the pandemic (both public and private-owned), which was linear to the expenditure of inpatient and outpatient visits. The total claim for COVID-19 health care increased to IDR 77.8 trillion by August 2021 (inpatient and outpatient), with the highest cost per patient for inpatients with comorbidities. Conclusion: Healthcare utilization decreased significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic period. On the other hand, since COVID-19 increased expenditure, particularly due to inpatient services and comorbidities, National Health Insurance needs to prepare a health financing strategy to anticipate the shift of financing in time of the endemic.
Medical personnels’ well-being and policy adaptations in hospitals during COVID-19 pandemic Kristian, Kevin; Santi, Bryany Titi; Astiarani, Yunisa; Kurniawan, Felicia; Salama, Ngabila
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 38 No 08 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v38i8.4996

Abstract

Purpose: To explore many forms of adaptations and alterations that occur in the COVID-19 referral hospitals in Jakarta during the COVID-19 pandemic as a preparation to deal with another pandemic in the future. Method: A qualitative study through focus group discussions (FGD) of seven hospitals in Jakarta, including five public and two private hospitals, with the participation of each structural and medical personnel separately. The discussion identifies four main topics that cover the aim of the study: (a) Medical personnel workload; (b) Occupational health and comfort; (c) Relationships; (d) Hospital policy during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: This study was participated by 40 informants from the medical personnel group and 37 responders from the structural group from various positions in the hospital. Researchers estimated several factors to contribute to medical personnel’s well-being in providing health services during the pandemic of COVID-19. Rising workloads, an increased number of patients and types of procedures, and the unavailability and discomforts from suitable PPE with a lack of IPC socialization influence a decline in their well-being and increase the risk of counterproductive work behavior. Moreover, conflicts among personnel and poor communication also deteriorate well-being. Nevertheless, several hospital policy adaptations, namely incentives provision, regular mental-health check-ups, no salary reduction for COVID-19-positive workers, and supportive attitudes towards each other in the workplace, may enhance their well-being. Conclusion: Increased workloads, problems in PPE availability, and conflict among personnel are the main contributing factors that need to be addressed to increase the medical personnel's well-being during the pandemic, while several hospital policy adaptations support their well-being.
The relationship between peer interaction and adolescent’s dating behavior aged 15 – 24 years in Indonesia (IDHS 2017 analysis) Fahdilla, Noviyanti; Wahab, Abdul; Padmawati, Retna Siwi
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 39 No 10 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v39i10.5063

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to determine the relationship between peer interaction and risky dating style behavior in adolescents aged 15-24. Methods: A quantitative method using secondary data from the Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) 2017 with a cross-sectional study design. The research sample population used in this study includes male and female adolescents aged 15-24 years in Indonesia who are unmarried and currently or have been in a relationship. Results: The behavior of adolescent dating style in Indonesia is in the low-risk dating style category, including holding hands and hugging. Bivariate analysis showed that there was a relationship between risky peer interactions and high-risk adolescent dating behavior, including kissing, touching and being touched on sensitive body parts, and sexual intercourse (p<0.05 and OR=1.42). The multivariable results showed that no external variables interfere with the relationship between peer interactions and dating style in adolescents. Conclusion: Peer interaction in risky reproductive health issues is associated with high-risk adolescent dating behavior, including kissing, touching sensitive areas, and sexual intercourse. Promotion and increasing education for adolescents related to reproductive health issues need to be done to minimize the incidence of high-risk dating styles among adolescents.
Understanding priorities: cervical cancer prevention in senior high school Windini, Dhaifina Putri; Irsan, Abror; Mardhia, Mardhia
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 39 No 08 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v39i8.5294

Abstract

Purpose: The study aims to determine the knowledge and priority of prevention issues of health education on senior high school student's knowledge about HPV and cervical cancer. Methods: The research method was quasi-experimental with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The respondents were 42 students from class XI at SMAN 3, Pontianak, Kalimantan Barat. Data analysis used a paired T-test. One of the methods to increase community knowledge, especially adolescents, about HPV and cervical cancer is through health education. Results: Before health education, respondents who had good knowledge were 37 people. After health education, all respondents had good knowledge. The paired T-test showed a significance of p 0,00 (p <0.05). There was an effect of health education on the level of knowledge about cervical cancer before and after intervention. Conclusion: HPV and cervical cancer health education showed effectiveness in increasing knowledge about HPV and cervical cancer in SMAN 3, Pontianak.
Hypnotherapy as a method of smoking cessation: a systematic review Andrean, Jessie; Rahmaniati Makful, Martya
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 38 No 10 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v38i10.5560

Abstract

Purpose: Hypnotherapy is a method to stop smoking. But the effectiveness needs to be proven. Methods: a systematic review was conducted on articles published between 2012-2022 that examined hypnotherapy as a smoking cessation intervention. Results: four relevant studies were obtained. Two studies discussed the effectiveness of hypnotherapy over relaxation and nicotine replacement therapy (NRT). One study examined the effect of individual hypnosis susceptibility on the effectiveness of hypnotherapy. Finally, the study discusses the effect of brain waves on hypnotherapy through EEG assessment. Conclusion: Hypnotherapy intervention is superior to NRT but not superior to the relaxation method. Individuals with higher susceptibility are proven to have more influence on hypnotherapy interventions. Hypnotherapy has been shown to affect brain wave activity through EEG assessment. Further research is needed regarding the effectiveness of hypnotherapy on various population characters.
The effect of breastfeeding counseling using card media on the knowledge and skills of breastfeeding mothers using the Quasy Experiment research approach Anis, Jumrotul; Supariasa, I Dewa Nyoman; Fajar, Ibnu; Prasetyo, Yoyok Bekti
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 39 No 12 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v39i12.5689

Abstract

Purpose: This research aims to analyze the effect of breastfeeding counseling cards on the knowledge and breastfeeding skills level in mothers of babies 0-6 months. Methods: This research used a quasi-experimental design with two treatment groups. The research sample of 30 respondents was calculated with the help of G-Power Analysis 3.1 based on a 2-group t-test with an alpha error of .05, power of study 0.80, and large effect size (0.9). Results: The average age of breastfeeding mothers is 26.7 years, with the majority education level being senior high school (SMA) at 63.3% and the number of children at one level being 53.3%. Counseling with cards had a significant effect on the level of knowledge of breastfeeding mothers (p < 0.000). Counseling also significantly affects changes in skills (p < 0.000). The intensity of counseling is also a factor that influences the improvement of the mother's skills, so the more frequent contact between the mother and the counselor, the more often the mother will receive information, indirectly improving the mother's skills. Conclusion: The results of this study can be used as a reference for further research related to breastfeeding counseling and exclusive breastfeeding. The results of this research can be developed with other media, both print and electronic media, by taking advantage of advances in technology and society that continue to develop to increase the knowledge and skills of breastfeeding mothers and achieve exclusive breastfeeding.

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