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Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 02151936     EISSN : 26148412     DOI : https://doi.org/10.22146/bkm.v37i2.2320
Core Subject : Health,
Nursing Public Health
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM Public Health and Community Medicine) is a peer-reviewed and open access journal that deals with the fields of public health and public medicine. The topics of the article will be grouped according to the main message of the author. This focus covers areas and scope related to aspects of: - Epidemiology - Infectious diseases control - Clinical Epidemiology - Environmental Health - Occupational Health - Healthy City - Public Health and Primary Health Care - School of Health Promotion - Healthy lifestyles - Health promotion - Health and Social Behavior - Tobacco and smoking - Adolescent Health - Public Health Nutrition - Maternal and Child Health - Reproductive Health - Population Health - Health of Vulnerable People - Social Determinants of Health - Water, Sanitation and Hygiene - Human Resource Management
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kesehatan Masyarakat, Kesehatan Lingkungan dan Pekerjaan
Articles 1,528 Documents
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Congenital heart disease screening program in elementary schools: a research-based policy Dinarti, Lucia Kris; Hartopo, Anggoro Budi; Hadwiono, Muhammad Reyhan; Wiradhika, Abdul Majid Halim; Meliala, Andreasta; Putri, Likke Prawidya; Fajarwati, Prahesti; Anggrahini, Dyah Wulan
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 39 No 01 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v39i01.5783

Abstract

Purpose: CHD is a condition where heart abnormalities develop before birth and can lead to severe complications such as heart failure and premature death, especially among younger adults. Delayed diagnosis and treatment worsen the situation for CHD patients. Early screening can prevent CHD and ensure timely interventions. This study discusses the latest advancements in CHD screening for primary school children and the valuable insights gained from the program. Method: The CHD screening program in Yogyakarta province involved three stages: consolidation, implementation, and incorporation. During the consolidation stage, key decision-makers in the province and local health offices were involved. Primary healthcare workers and primary school teachers were trained to deliver the screening during the implementation stage. Stakeholders, health workers, and teachers were invited to discuss the results, and the Provincial Governor's office was engaged during the incorporation stage. Results: In 2018–2019, 18 CHDs were identified from 6,116 school-age children in 4 districts in Indonesia. The screening program was led by academics in the Universitas Gadjah Mada through 3 stages: consolidation, implementation, and incorporation. Strong collaboration with local stakeholders has contributed to the program's success in engaging 130 schools, 60 community health centers, and 190 health workers. Several opportunities for improvement are: strengthening the capacity and number of health providers at health centers to screen CHDs using 12-lead electrocardiography, addressing patients' reluctance to visit the health facility due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and motivating parents to have their children checked. Conclusion: CHD screening using 12-lead electrocardiography and auscultation should be part of primary school health screenings. Academics can train health workers, and local governments can provide funding and prepare health facilities for follow-up treatment.
Young children nutritional status in Samarinda: does exclusive breastfeeding play a role in stunting prevention? Safika, Erri Larene; Rachmawati, Ayudhia; Pakki, Irfansyah Baharuddin
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 39 No 01 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v39i01.6070

Abstract

Purpose: This study investigated the relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and stunting incidence in young children aged 0-59 months. Method: This is an observational study with a cross-sectional approach. There were 100 mothers with young children aged 0-59 months as respondents from Palaran, Samarinda. The dependent variable was children's height-for-age nutritional status, as in normal or stunting, and the independent variable was exclusive breastfeeding. Young children's height was collected by checking their Maternal and Child Health (KIA) book. Parity, family income, mother's education, mother's knowledge, and family support information were also collected by interview. Bivariate analysis was measured with the Chi-square test. Results: There is no association between exclusive breastfeeding and stunting (p-value>0.05). We also found no association between stunting and parity, family income, mother's knowledge, and family support (p-value<0.05). However, we found a significant relationship between stunting and mother education. Conclusion: Exclusive breastfeeding is not associated with stunting in Palaran, Samarinda. Further research is needed to determine the factors associated with stunting in Samarinda.
Survival of COVID-19 patients research trends 2020-2022: a bibliographic study Riadi, Dela; Trihandini, Indang
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 38 No 11 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v38i11.6077

Abstract

Purpose: With a bibliography analysis, this study attempted to reveal research trends in COVID-19 patient's survival from 2020-2022. Furthermore, it attempted to determine keyword co-occurrences and the bibliographic coupling of countries and sources. Understanding the trends within research on COVID-19 patients' survival is essential, and analysis might provide some information. Methods: Patients who had COVID-19 survived, based on the Scopus database. All articles could be stored in the research information system (.ris) and comma-separated values (CSV) versions. Using Microsoft Excel and the VOSviewer, analysis data mapping was accomplished. Results: The analysis's results show that during the period of three years, there have been various changes in the development of papers regarding the Survival of COVID-19 patients. It was determined that research on this subject increased from 2020 to 2021 but declined from 2021 to 2022 in the time from 2020 to 2022. The studies were composed by Tang N. (top publication), Li Y. (top author by document), and Chen X. Participants were published mainly in the USA (top country), PLOS One (top source). The keyword "human" comes the most (1730), while "covid-19" is the author's keyword (1281). There are many 304 total occurrences for the survival keyword. The strongest connections for collaborations occur between China and the United States, and for source, between Frontiers in Immunology and the Journal of Clinical Medicine. Conclusion: The COVID-19 patient's research survival in the years 2020–2022, however, was largely dependent on US-China collaboration. The Publication of Clinical Medicine and Frontiers in Immunology had the strongest association, per the co-author source, even though PLOS One was the most widely used journal for COVID-19 patients' survival studies. Research on COVID-19 patients' survival shows a decline in 2022.
The effectiveness of health education based on local wisdom of the people of Tulungagung Regency on maternal parenting in preventing stunting Astuti, Dita Apriana Dwi; Winarti, Eko; Mirasa, Yudied Agung
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 39 No 12 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v39i12.6157

Abstract

Purpose: This study was to determine the effectiveness of Health Education Based on Local Wisdom of the People of Tulungagung Regency on Mother Parenting in Fulfilling Toddler Nutrition as an Effort to Prevent Stunting. Methods: This research uses a quasi-experimental approach. The research location is in Bandung District, Tulungagung Regency. The population is all mothers who have children under five (0-3 years) in Bandung District, Tulungagung Regency. The research sample consisted of 60 respondents which were divided into 30 treatment groups and 30 control groups, which were taken using cluster random sampling technique. Data was collected using a questionnaire that had been tested for validity and reliability before and after the education was implemented. Data analysis using a two-way ANOVA test. Results: There is an interaction of knowledge and parenting style variables together with time (pre-test and post-test) and group (intervention and control) when viewed from the p-value <0.05. The results of this analysis, the group of mothers who receive health education through the lecture method and local wisdom-based modules is related to the knowledge and parenting patterns of mothers. Conclusion: Health education interventions through the lecture method and local wisdom-based modules have been shown to have a significant effect on maternal parenting in stunting prevention.
Maternal death causes before and during COVID-19 pandemic: a descriptive study in Banjarnegara Indonesia Purwatiningsih, Yuni; Sunaryo; Lestyoningrum, Sinta Dewi
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 39 No 01 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v39i01.6260

Abstract

Purpose: Maternal mortality in Indonesia in 2017 was 3rd highest in Southeast Asia. The Banjarnegara District in 2018 was ranked with the third highest maternal mortality rate in Central Java Province. In previous years, the most common cause of maternal death in the district was bleeding, but in 2021 the biggest cause was COVID-19. This study aims to examine cases of maternal mortality by analyzing maternal characteristics, causes, and health service coverage from 2019 to 2021. Methods: The design of this study is a descriptive epidemiological study of maternal death cases in Banjarnegara in 2019-2021 using secondary data from the district health office. In-depth interviews with health workers in the public health center and the district health office. Results: Maternal death cases in 2019-2021 were 81 cases. COVID-19 will be the leading cause of maternal death during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2021, accounting for 60%. Conclusion: Preeclampsia was the leading cause of maternal death before the COVID-19 pandemic, while COVID-19 infection emerged as the primary cause in 2021. Strategic measures are needed to increase access to well-coordinated health services to reduce maternal deaths related to COVID-19 and the other effects of the pandemic.
Safety climate and work stress in university administration staff Yunus, Shalsabilla; Doda, Diana Vanda Daturara; Maino, Irny Evita
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 39 No 02 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v39i02.6361

Abstract

Purpose: Workers can be exposed to work stress that can cause accidents. As a center for the development of science, universities cannot avoid the dangers and risks that can threaten safety. In this case, there is a need for an approach to workplace safety through applying a safety climate that is useful for providing a sense of security and comfort and increasing safety behavior. Method: This survey used 164 respondents who work at a university, asking questions about gender, age, work experience, stress level, and perception of safety. The analysis included univariate analysis using frequency and percentage; bivariate and multivariate analysis using a binary logistic regression test. Result: Most respondents were women, middle-aged, and had worked for more than 21 years. More than half of the respondents experienced stress and rated the safety climate as low. Male respondents had a higher chance of experiencing stress than female respondents. Respondents with a lower level of safety climate were more likely to report work stress than those respondents with a high level of safety climate. Conclusion: Respondents’ perception of the safety climate affected their stress levels, and managers should consider this when designing programs to prevent stress at work.
Spatial analysis of tuberculosis cases diffusion based on population density in Bekasi Regency in 2017-2021 Inggarputri, Yuanita Rizky; Trihandini, Indang; Novitasari, Prihatini Dini; Makful, Martya Rahmaniati
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 39 No 01 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v39i01.6462

Abstract

Purpose: This research aims to examine the spatial relationship between tuberculosis cases and population density and their spatial diffusion patterns in Bekasi Regency in 2017-2021. Methods: Research using an ecological study design using spatial analysis to estimate and analyze the distribution of tuberculosis prevalence related to population density in 23 sub-districts in Bekasi Regency, compare data from 2017 to 2021 and evaluate the spatial correlation. The data is taken from secondary data from the Bekasi District Health Office for 2017-2021. Results: This study shows a spatial autocorrelation between tuberculosis cases and population density from 2017 to 2021 (I>E; p-value <0,05). There is spatial diffusion of cases characterized by expanding clusters with high tuberculosis cases. High-high cluster in 2017, there was one sub-district. In 2018 there was also one sub-district. In 2019 there were two sub-districts. In 2020, there were three sub-districts. And in 2021, there were five districts. Conclusion: This research shows a positive spatial autocorrelation in the incidence, which is influenced by population density in Bekasi Regency from year to year (2017-2021) with a clustering pattern.
Mapping the spread of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) with the level of insecurity in Kepahiang Regency in 2021 Dwitasari, Indah; Trihandini, Indang; Indriyani; Makful, Martya Rahmaniati
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 39 No 01 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v39i01.6491

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to map the distribution of dengue cases in Kepahiang Regency based on the distribution of dengue cases, population density, and air temperature. Furthermore, mapping was carried out based on the level of vulnerability and priority of sub-district-based dengue disease management in Kepahiang Regency. Method: Research using a descriptive method using Geographic Information System (GIS) with scoring and overlay techniques. The data was taken from secondary data from the Kepahiang Regency Health Office and Kepahiang Regency Meteorology and Geophysics Agency in 2021. Results: This study shows that out of 8 sub-districts, there is one with a high level of vulnerability with priority handling, namely Kepahiang Regency. The priority of dengue insecurity can be an effort to prevent and handle dengue disease by the Government. Conclusion: Mapping the level of dengue insecurity in Kepahiang Regency using parameters (dengue cases, population density, and temperature) resulted in 1 in 8 sub-districts being in priority 1 with a high level of insecurity, priority 2 (1 sub-district) with a moderate level of insecurity, priority 3 (1 sub-district) with a low level of insecurity, and priority 4 (5 sub-districts) with a very low level of insecurity.
Outpatient service tariff determination based on unit cost analysis mixed with community ability and willingness to pay Yuniantika; Hendrartini, Julita; Budiarto, Arif
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 39 No 11 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v39i11.6584

Abstract

Purpose: The study aims to calculate the rational outpatient tariff based on unit cost analysis, ability and willingness to pay. Method: The research is an observational study with a qualitative approach. Secondary data are obtained retrospectively to calculate unit costs and tariffs. Primary data is collected through questionnaires to see the ability and willingness to pay (WTP). Result: The calculation using the step-down method obtained the unit cost for general practice IDR 79,337, dental care IDR 151,635, psychologist consultation IDR 115,283, and fitness center IDR 236,555. The respondent's ATP value is IDR 138,808, with an average examination fee of IDR 56,093. When coupled with an improvement in service and facility quality, 58.1% of respondents agreed to a 10% rate increase. With a 20% rate increase, the willingness to pay decreases to 40.6%. In the bivariate analysis using the chi-square test, the variables significantly affecting WTP are patient perceptions of the suitability of service costs (p = 0.000). In contrast, age, gender, occupation, education, income, number of family members, and insurance ownership do not significantly influence WTP. Conclusion: The service rate is lower than the unit cost calculation. By looking at the ability and willingness to pay, it is possible to evaluate the tariff.
Spatial analysis of pediatric pulmonary tuberculosis cases aged 0-14 years in West Java Province Laferani, Yuni; Makful, Martya Rahmaniati; Soviadi, Nabila Vebiana
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 39 No 02 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v39i02.6659

Abstract

Purpose: Infectious diseases, including tuberculosis (TB), remain a major public health concern worldwide, causing significant morbidity and mortality rates. Despite advances in medical science, the spread of infectious diseases such as TB is not limited by geography or age, and children are particularly vulnerable. As such, this study aims to investigate the global and local spatial effects of pediatric pulmonary TB cases in West Java Province, contributing to understanding TB transmission dynamics and informing effective disease control strategies. Methods: This ecological study employed aggregated data from the 2020 health profile of West Java Province, utilizing all 27 districts and cities. Natural breaks were utilized to classify cases, and data analysis was conducted using GeoDA and QGIS applications. Specifically, GeoDa was employed to conduct Moran's Index and Local Indicators of Spatial Association (LISA) spatial autocorrelation tests, while QGIS was used to generate distribution maps. Results: The study reveals the presence of positive autocorrelation with clustered relationship patterns globally based on the incidence of pediatric pulmonary TB cases (Moran's I: 0.225; P-value: 0.04). The LISA test identifies six districts with significant correlation (Bandung, West Bandung, Cimahi, Ciamis, Majalengka, and Tasikmalaya). Conclusion: The study findings reveal that cases of childhood pulmonary tuberculosis occur in clusters, emphasizing the importance of targeted interventions in areas with high observation values to prevent the spread of the disease to areas with low observation values. Prioritizing program interventions in high-risk areas can help reduce the incidence of children's pulmonary TB cases more effectively.

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