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JUSTICIA SAINS: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum
Published by Universitas Sang Bumi Ruwa Jurai
ISSN : 25274201     EISSN : 25021788     DOI : https://doi.org/10.24967/jcs
Core Subject : Social,
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice
JUSTICIA SAINS: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum [E-ISSN: 2502-1788; P-ISSN: 2527-4201] is the Journal of Legal Studies published by the Faculty of Law of Universitas Sang Bumi Ruwa Jurai, Lampung, Indonesia. Its main aim to disseminate critical and original analysis from researchers and academic practitioners on various contemporary legal issues both local and foreign. The manuscript is published after undergoing a peer-review process by providing an exclusive analysis on law issues from various perspectives. This journal published biannually (June and November). The scopes of Justicia Sains Novelty are: Constitutional Law, Criminal Law, Civil Law, Islamic Law, Environmental Law, Human Rights, International Law, and also interconnection study with Legal Studies in accordance with the principle of novelty.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Hukum
Articles 344 Documents
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Pertanggungjawaban Debitur Atas Pengalihan Benda Yang Menjadi Objek Fidusia Tanpa Persetujuan Kreditur Muhammad Risman Firtony; Siti Malikhatun Badriyah
JUSTICIA SAINS - Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Vol 11, No 1 (2026): JUSTICIA SAINS: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum
Publisher : Universitas Sang Bumi Ruwa Jurai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24967/jcs.v11i1.4987

Abstract

The regulation of fiduciary guaranties in Indonesia regarding the prohibition on transferring objects that are the subject of a fiduciary guaranty, the debtor's responsibility, and the legal protection mechanism for creditors. The purpose of this research is to analyze the Fiduciary Guaranty Law in Indonesia regarding the prohibition on transferring objects that are the subject of a fiduciary guaranty, the debtor's responsibility for the transfer of the fiduciary guaranty object, and the legal protection mechanisms for creditors. The approach method used in this research is doctrinal, which makes legal principles abstract. The Fiduciary Guaranty Law has detailed provisions regarding the subject, object of the fiduciary guaranty, procedures for encumbrance, registration of the fiduciary guaranty, and the rights and obligations of the parties.
Smart Contracts dalam Perspektif Hukum Perjanjian: Meninjau Validitas, Kepastian, dan Tantangan Yuridisnya Devo Ferin Alfarizi; Eko Riyadi; Rahmiati Ranti Pawari
JUSTICIA SAINS - Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Vol 11, No 1 (2026): JUSTICIA SAINS: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum
Publisher : Universitas Sang Bumi Ruwa Jurai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24967/jcs.v11i1.5524

Abstract

The rapid advancement of blockchain technology has introduced smart contracts as an innovative mechanism for the automated execution of contractual obligations, offering greater efficiency, transparency, and security in digital transactions. However, their implementation in Indonesia continues to face legal challenges concerning contractual validity, legal certainty, and the protection of contracting parties due to the absence of a comprehensive regulatory framework. This study aims to examine the validity of smart contracts from the perspective of Indonesian contract law and to analyze the juridical challenges associated with their implementation under the Indonesian Civil Code and the Law on Electronic Information and Transactions. This research employs a normative legal research method using statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches. The findings indicate that smart contracts may satisfy the legal requirements for a valid contract under Article 1320 of the Indonesian Civil Code. Nevertheless, their implementation remains hindered by legal uncertainty arising from the lack of specific regulations governing automated execution, electronic evidence, and dispute resolution mechanisms. Therefore, harmonized legal reforms are necessary to ensure legal certainty and provide adequate legal protection for parties engaging in blockchain-based transactions.
Dampak Undang-Undang Nomor 17 Tahun 2023 tentang Kesehatan terhadap Penguatan Regulasi Internal Rumah Sakit Berbasis Manajemen Risiko dan Keselamatan Pasien M Fakih; Ria Wierma Putri; Kasmawati Kasmawati; Lindasari Lindasari
JUSTICIA SAINS - Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Vol 11, No 1 (2026): JUSTICIA SAINS: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum
Publisher : Universitas Sang Bumi Ruwa Jurai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24967/jcs.v11i1.5193

Abstract

The Law No. 17 of 2023 on Health brings about a paradigm shift in hospital governance, particularly through the reinforcement of the principles of accountability, transparency, patient safety, and the protection of healthcare workers. This study aims to analyse the normative impact of the law on the need for the reconstruction of internal hospital regulations. The method used is normative legal research with a legislative and conceptual approach. The results of the study indicate that hospitals are required to develop internal regulations based on risk management and patient safety, no longer merely of an administrative nature. Furthermore, the strengthening of healthcare worker protection and patient rights including medical record confidentiality demands more comprehensive adjustments to standard operating procedures. Changes in the roles of professional organizations also necessitate that hospitals independently strengthen their internal standards. Hospital internal regulations serve as the primary instrument in ensuring service quality and legal compliance.
Reorientasi Fungsi Kelurahan Dalam Sistem Pemerintahan Daerah Rohmatul Karimah; Muhtadi Muhtadi; Yulia Neta
JUSTICIA SAINS - Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Vol 11, No 1 (2026): JUSTICIA SAINS: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum
Publisher : Universitas Sang Bumi Ruwa Jurai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24967/jcs.v11i1.5223

Abstract

Urban villages (kelurahan) are regional administrative units that play a strategic role as the frontline of government services to the community. However, in practice, the function of kelurahan has narrowed into merely administrative tasks without adequate authority in development and community empowerment. This study aims to analyze the reorientation of kelurahan functions within the regional government system based on the principles of regional autonomy and public service effectiveness. The research method used is a normative juridical approach utilizing secondary data from laws and regulations, legal literature, and relevant scientific journals. The results indicate that the position of kelurahan after decentralization has significantly changed because kelurahan are no longer autonomous administrative regions but rather sub-district apparatuses with administrative characteristics. This condition limits the authority of village heads (lurah) in local policymaking. Therefore, reorientation of kelurahan functions is necessary through strengthening public service authority, increasing community participation, and optimizing coordination and community empowerment functions to create effective, responsive, and community-oriented regional governance.
Business Judgment Rule dalam Pengelolaan BUMDes: Batas Pertanggungjawaban Perdata Pengurus atas Kerugian Usaha Rifandy Ritonga; Muhamad Setiawan; Aulia Oktarizka Vivi Puspita Sari A.P
JUSTICIA SAINS - Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Vol 11, No 1 (2026): JUSTICIA SAINS: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum
Publisher : Universitas Sang Bumi Ruwa Jurai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24967/jcs.v11i1.5451

Abstract

Pengakuan Badan Usaha Milik Desa (BUMDes) sebagai badan hukum melalui Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja dan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 11 Tahun 2021 membawa implikasi penting terhadap pola pertanggungjawaban hukum pengurusnya, khususnya dalam hal kerugian usaha. Dalam praktik, kerugian yang dialami BUMDes kerap dipersonalisasi sebagai tanggung jawab perdata pengurus, tanpa pembedaan yang jelas antara risiko usaha yang wajar dan kesalahan hukum pengelolaan. Kondisi ini berpotensi menimbulkan ketidakpastian hukum serta menghambat keberanian pengurus dalam mengambil keputusan bisnis. Artikel ini bertujuan menganalisis penerapan Business Judgment Rule sebagai instrumen pembatas pertanggungjawaban perdata pengurus BUMDes atas kerugian usaha. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif yang diperkuat dengan pendekatan empiris melalui kajian terhadap praktik pengelolaan BUMDes dan kasus-kasus konkret yang mencerminkan perbedaan antara kerugian akibat risiko bisnis dan kerugian akibat penyimpangan pengurus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengurus BUMDes tidak dapat dimintai pertanggungjawaban perdata secara otomatis atas setiap kerugian usaha sepanjang keputusan bisnis diambil dengan itikad baik, kehati-hatian, tanpa benturan kepentingan, dan dalam batas kewenangannya. Penerapan Business Judgment Rulemenjadi penting untuk memberikan kepastian hukum, mencegah kriminalisasi kebijakan usaha desa, serta memperkuat tata kelola BUMDes yang profesional, akuntabel, dan berkeadilan.
Analisis Yuridis Terhadap Celah Hukum dalam Peraturan Presiden Nomor 12 Tahun 2021 yang Berpotensi Menimbulkan Tindak Pidana Korupsi pada Sistem E-Procurement di Indonesia Irwan Jaya Diwirya; Mirwansyah Mirwansyah; Martina Male; M Lutfi
JUSTICIA SAINS - Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Vol 11, No 1 (2026): JUSTICIA SAINS: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum
Publisher : Universitas Sang Bumi Ruwa Jurai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24967/jcs.v11i1.5620

Abstract

Penerapan sistem elektronik melalui Peraturan Presiden Nomor 16 Tahun 2018 tentang Pengadaan Barang/Jasa Pemerintah yang telah diubah dengan Peraturan Presiden Nomor 12 Tahun 2021 diarahkan untuk meningkatkan efisiensi, transparansi, akuntabilitas, dan pengawasan dalam penggunaan anggaran negara. Kenyataan menunjukkan bahwa berbagai perkara korupsi pengadaan masih terus ditemukan, baik dalam bentuk persekongkolan tender, pengaturan pemenang, konflik kepentingan, maupun manipulasi dokumen elektronik. Kondisi tersebut menunjukkan adanya indikasi kelemahan norma hukum yang masih membuka peluang terjadinya penyimpangan dalam sistem pengadaan barang dan jasa pemerintah berbasis elektronik.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach), pendekatan konseptual (conceptual approach), dan pendekatan kasus (case approach). Bahan hukum yang digunakan terdiri atas bahan hukum primer berupa peraturan perundang-undangan dan putusan pengadilan, bahan hukum sekunder berupa buku, jurnal nasional, dan jurnal internasional, serta bahan hukum tersier berupa kamus dan ensiklopedia hukum.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaturan e-procurement telah mengakomodasi prinsip transparansi, akuntabilitas, efisiensi, dan persaingan sehat dalam proses pengadaan barang dan jasa pemerintah. Meskipun demikian, masih ditemukan sejumlah celah hukum yang berkaitan dengan pengaturan konflik kepentingan, verifikasi dokumen elektronik, penggunaan diskresi dalam pengadaan langsung dan penunjukan langsung, pengawasan internal, persekongkolan tender elektronik, serta efektivitas sanksi administratif preventif. Celah tersebut berpotensi mendorong terjadinya penyalahgunaan kewenangan dan kerugian keuangan negara yang memiliki keterkaitan dengan unsur tindak pidana korupsi.
Urgensi Etika Profesi Sebagai Pedoman Dan Perlindungan Notaris Sebagai Pilar Integritas Jabatan Dan Kepastian Hukum Arbi Juniawan; Budi Santoso
JUSTICIA SAINS - Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Vol 11, No 1 (2026): JUSTICIA SAINS: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum
Publisher : Universitas Sang Bumi Ruwa Jurai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24967/jcs.v11i1.4596

Abstract

The notary profession plays a crucial role as a public official authorized to create authentic deeds to ensure legal certainty. In practice, the integrity and morality of notaries are regulated not only by the Notary Law (UUJN) but also by the Notary Code of Ethics (KEN), which serves as a guideline for behavior and legal protection for notaries. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of the KEN can strengthen notary professionalism, prevent ethical and legal violations, and protect notaries from criminalization of their position.Furthermore, coordination between the Honorary Council (DK) of the Indonesian Notaries Association and the Notary Supervisory Board also plays a crucial role in enforcing discipline and fostering the profession. Thus, professional ethics serve not only as a moral guideline but also as a protective barrier and a key pillar in realizing integrity and legal certainty in notarial practice in Indonesia
Peran dan Kewenangan Notaris/PPAT dalam Penyelesaian Pembagian Waris melalui Akta Kesepakatan Bersama Faradiba Mustika Nugraheni; Aldira Mara Ditta Caesar Purwanto
JUSTICIA SAINS - Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Vol 11, No 1 (2026): JUSTICIA SAINS: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum
Publisher : Universitas Sang Bumi Ruwa Jurai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24967/jcs.v11i1.4940

Abstract

This study is driven by the growing public demand for non-litigation mechanisms in the settlement of inheritance distribution, oriented towards deliberation and legal certainty. The significance of this research lies in the importance of examining the role and authority of Notaries/PPAT in implementing inheritance property distribution through mutual agreement deeds as an alternative dispute resolution. The research method applied is empirical legal research accompanied by a structural approach, carried out through field studies by means of direct observation and structured interviews with Notaries/PPAT as well as library studies of laws and legal literature. The study reveals that, in practice, the powers of Notaries/PPAT have been executed in accordance with the applicable Notary Law, where the notary plays a role in facilitating deliberation also recording agreements in authentic deeds, while the PPAT realizes the conveyance of land rights. This mechanism provides juridical certainty and encourages effective and amicable resolution of inheritance disputes.
Pertimbangan Non-Yuridis Hakim Dalam Menjatuhkan Putusan Pidana Di Pengadilan Negeri Kotabumi Irham Lukman; Irhammudin Irhammudin
JUSTICIA SAINS - Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Vol 11, No 1 (2026): JUSTICIA SAINS: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum
Publisher : Universitas Sang Bumi Ruwa Jurai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24967/jcs.v11i1.5034

Abstract

Judges’ rulings in criminal cases are not based solely on normative legal considerations, but also involve non-legal considerations related to humanitarian, social, and substantive justice aspects. This study aims to analyze judges’ non-legal considerations in rendering criminal judgments at the Kotabumi District Court, specifically in Judgment No. 136/Pid.Sus/2024/PN Kbu, and to examine their relevance to various theories of punishment and legal reasoning. This study employs an empirical legal research method with a qualitative and sociological-legal approach. Data were obtained through a study of the judgment and a literature review of relevant legal theories, such as the Theory of Judicial Discretion, the Theory of the Purposes of Punishment, the Theory of Justice, the Theory of Non-Legal Factors in Decision-Making, the Theory of Legal Argumentation, the Theory of Objectivity, and the Theory of Proportionality in Punishment. The results of the study indicate that judges at the Kotabumi District Court utilize non-legal considerations as part of their judicial discretion to balance legal certainty, justice, and public interest. These considerations reflect a more humanistic sentencing paradigm, in which criminal acts are understood not only as violations of legal norms but also as social phenomena requiring a proportional and just response. However, this study also found that the use of non-legal considerations has the potential to create disparities in sentencing if not accompanied by rational and transparent legal arguments. Therefore, this study emphasizes the importance of formulating non-legal considerations in a systematic and argumentative manner to strengthen the legitimacy of criminal judgments and improve the quality of law enforcement at the district court level.
Realisasi Hak Kesehatan Warga Binaan Di Rumah Tahanan Negara Kelas 1 Surabaya Moch Davanna Rizki; Yana Indawati
JUSTICIA SAINS - Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Vol 11, No 1 (2026): JUSTICIA SAINS: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum
Publisher : Universitas Sang Bumi Ruwa Jurai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24967/jcs.v11i1.4945

Abstract

The fulfillment of prisoners’ health rights constitutes a fundamental human right that remains inherent during incarceration. Overcapacity and limited resources at Class I Surabaya Detention Center hinder the optimal delivery of health services. This study aims to analyze the implementation of prisoners’ health rights and the obstacles encountered using a normative juridical research method. The findings indicate that the legal framework is adequate, but its implementation remains suboptimal due to limited facilities, medical personnel, and administrative barriers. Efforts have been undertaken through a priority-based service system and cooperation with external health facilities. Improvements in health infrastructure, additional medical staff, and population control are necessary to ensure the optimal fulfillment of prisoners’ health rights.

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