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JUSTICIA SAINS: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum
Published by Universitas Sang Bumi Ruwa Jurai
ISSN : 25274201     EISSN : 25021788     DOI : https://doi.org/10.24967/jcs
Core Subject : Social,
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice
JUSTICIA SAINS: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum [E-ISSN: 2502-1788; P-ISSN: 2527-4201] is the Journal of Legal Studies published by the Faculty of Law of Universitas Sang Bumi Ruwa Jurai, Lampung, Indonesia. Its main aim to disseminate critical and original analysis from researchers and academic practitioners on various contemporary legal issues both local and foreign. The manuscript is published after undergoing a peer-review process by providing an exclusive analysis on law issues from various perspectives. This journal published biannually (June and November). The scopes of Justicia Sains Novelty are: Constitutional Law, Criminal Law, Civil Law, Islamic Law, Environmental Law, Human Rights, International Law, and also interconnection study with Legal Studies in accordance with the principle of novelty.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Hukum
Articles 344 Documents
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Perlindungan Hukum Orang Dengan Gangguan Jiwa (ODGJ) Sebagai Pelaku Tindak Pidana Dalam Sistem Peradilan Pidana Indonesia Ika Andri Mellani; M Fakih; Muhtadi Muhtadi; Yulia Kusuma Wardani; Rehulina Rehulina
JUSTICIA SAINS - Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Vol 11, No 1 (2026): JUSTICIA SAINS: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum
Publisher : Universitas Sang Bumi Ruwa Jurai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24967/jcs.v11i1.5253

Abstract

Persons with mental disorders (ODGJ) who commit murder face procedural injustice and inadequate medical treatment. This study analyses legal protection within the Indonesian criminal justice system and compares it with practices in other countries. It employs a normative legal method using statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches. The findings show that although Article 44 of the Criminal Code and the Mental Health Law provide a legal basis for protection, their implementation remains weak due to limited forensic psychiatric facilities, inconsistent psychiatric examinations, and the absence of a structured Matrigel mechanism. These findings underscore the urgency of reforming the criminal justice system to be more integrated and oriented toward the protection of rights and the comprehensive rehabilitation of persons with mental disorders.
Kekuatan Sumpah Suppletoir Sebagai Alat Bukti Dalam Perkara Perbuatan Melawan Hukum Saskia Aisyah Putri Sukmara; Aldira Mara Ditta Caesar Purwanto
JUSTICIA SAINS - Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Vol 11, No 1 (2026): JUSTICIA SAINS: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum
Publisher : Universitas Sang Bumi Ruwa Jurai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24967/jcs.v11i1.4981

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the position and evidentiary strength of the suppletoir oath in cases of unlawful acts (tort), particularly in the Decision of the Jombang District Court Number 70/Pdt.G/2024/PN Jbg. The suppletoir oath is a supplementary means of evidence ordered by the judge ex officio when the parties’ evidence is incomplete but there is preliminary proof (begin van bewijs). The results indicate that a suppletoir oath has binding evidentiary force once it is lawfully administered; however, it remains a supplementary means of proof and cannot replace primary evidence such as documents and witness testimony. In tort cases, which require the cumulative fulfillment of the elements under Article 1365 of the Indonesian Civil Code, its application must be exercised carefully and proportionally. In Decision Number 70/Pdt.G/2024/PN Jbg, the use of the suppletoir oath is considered problematic because documentary evidence, signature authentication results, and witness testimony had already established strong and comprehensive proof. This situation potentially shifts the function of the oath from supplementary evidence to principal supporting evidence, thereby creating legal uncertainty regarding the standard of sufficiency of proof in civil cases.
Arius Syaikhi’s Perpetual Prayer Timetable From The Perspective Of Maqasid Al-Syariah: A Fiqh Analysis Of The Accuracy Of Worship Time Li’izza Diana Manzil; Ahmad Rizal Syafikri Raharjo
JUSTICIA SAINS - Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Vol 11, No 1 (2026): JUSTICIA SAINS: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum
Publisher : Universitas Sang Bumi Ruwa Jurai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24967/jcs.v11i1.5194

Abstract

This study examines the perpetual prayer timetable developed by Arius Syaikhi from the perspectives of Islamic astronomy (ʿilm al-falak) and Islamic law, particularly maqāṣid al-syarīʿah in relation to the principle of time accuracy in worship. This research employs a qualitative method with a library research approach, analyzing literature in Islamic jurisprudence, Islamic astronomy, and previous studies on perpetual prayer timetables.The findings indicate that, conceptually, the timetable provides practical convenience for the community in determining prayer times. However, a comparative analysis with contemporary astronomical (hisab) calculations reveals that several prayer times tend to begin earlier than the actual astronomical indicators. In Islamic jurisprudence, the entry of prayer time constitutes one of the essential prerequisites (sharṭ al-ṣiḥḥah) for the validity of prayer; therefore, performing prayer before its prescribed time renders it invalid (bāṭil).From the perspective of maqāṣid al-syarīʿah, maintaining the accuracy of prayer times is essential as it relates to the objective of preserving religion (ḥifẓ al-dīn). Therefore, the use of a perpetual prayer timetable must be accompanied by astronomical verification and geographical adjustments to ensure its alignment with the principle of time accuracy in Islamic law and to guarantee the validity of worship practices
Tanggung Jawab Pelaku Usaha Atas Perdagangan Suplemen Kesehatan Tanpa Izin Edar Melalui Marketplace Terhadap Perlindungan Hak Konsumen Fegita Maharanny; Ahmad Zazili; Sepriyadi Adhan S; M Fakih; Agus Triono
JUSTICIA SAINS - Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Vol 11, No 1 (2026): JUSTICIA SAINS: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum
Publisher : Universitas Sang Bumi Ruwa Jurai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24967/jcs.v11i1.5469

Abstract

Businesses that sell health supplements without a distribution license through online marketplaces violate consumer rights, potentially causing harm to consumers. Legal liability for businesses and online marketplaces that sell health supplements without a distribution license is necessary to uphold legal certainty and protect consumer rights. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the liability of businesses and online marketplaces for the sale of health supplements without a distribution license. This study employs a normative research design involving a literature review, followed by qualitative analysis. The results indicate that the liability of business operators selling health supplements without distribution permits includes compensation for consumers such as the return of goods of the same type or of comparable value, medical care, and financial compensation as well as criminal and administrative sanctions. Marketplaces that sell health supplements without marketing authorization may be held liable if they are found to have been negligent in fulfilling their obligations and oversight duties to prevent the sale of such products, fail to display accurate product information, or, in particular, fail to screen out hazardous products being sold. However, a marketplace may be deemed not liable if it immediately takes down links and blocks the accounts of businesses involved in the sale of health supplements without marketing authorization
Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Pelaku Usaha Terhadap Perjanjian Jual Beli Kopi Melalui Aplikasi Whatsapp Study Di PT. Andan Laju Mitra Persada Kota Bandar Lampung Erwanda Hadinata; Lukmanul Hakim; Rifandy Ritonga; Dian Utama Pratiwi Putri
JUSTICIA SAINS - Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Vol 11, No 1 (2026): JUSTICIA SAINS: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum
Publisher : Universitas Sang Bumi Ruwa Jurai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24967/jcs.v11i1.4877

Abstract

Perkembangan pesat teknologi komunikasi digital telah membawa perubahan signifikan dalam praktik transaksi perdagangan, termasuk dalam jual beli komoditas kopi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis praktik perjanjian jual beli kopi yang dilakukan melalui aplikasi WhatsApp serta menelaah bentuk perlindungan hukum bagi pelaku usaha apabila terjadi wanprestasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan metode yuridis normatif dan yuridis empiris melalui kajian peraturan perundang-undangan, doktrin, dan jurnal ilmiah, serta didukung data lapangan berupa observasi dan wawancara di PT. Andan Laju Mitra Persada Kota Bandar Lampung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa transaksi jual beli kopi melalui WhatsApp umumnya dilakukan tanpa kontrak tertulis yang baku dan hanya didasarkan pada percakapan digital, sehingga berpotensi menimbulkan wanprestasi berupa keterlambatan pembayaran, ketidaksesuaian kualitas barang, keterlambatan pengiriman, dan pembatalan sepihak. Meskipun perjanjian dan alat bukti elektronik telah diakui secara hukum, lemahnya dokumentasi transaksi. Penelitian ini menegaskan perlunya penguatan perlindungan hukum preventif melalui penyusunan perjanjian elektronik yang lebih sistematis, peningkatan kesadaran hukum pelaku usaha, serta optimalisasi penerapan regulasi transaksi elektronik guna mewujudkan kepastian hukum dan keberlanjutan usaha dalam perdagangan kopi berbasis digital.
Konstruksi Hukum Penentuan Wanprestasi Sebagai Dasar Eksekusi Jaminan Fidusia Pasca Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor. 18/PUU-XVII/2019 Ahmad Abidillah; Mikho Ardinata; Sinung Mufti Hangabei; Hendi Sastra Putra
JUSTICIA SAINS - Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Vol 11, No 1 (2026): JUSTICIA SAINS: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum
Publisher : Universitas Sang Bumi Ruwa Jurai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24967/jcs.v11i1.5591

Abstract

Pelaksanaan eksekusi jaminan fidusia pasca Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 18/PUU-XVII/2019 menimbulkan permasalahan hukum terkait penentuan wanprestasi sebagai dasar eksekusi. Meskipun putusan tersebut bertujuan memperkuat perlindungan hak konstitusional debitur. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis konstruksi hukum penentuan wanprestasi sebagai dasar pelaksanaan eksekusi jaminan fidusia pasca Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 18/PUU-XVII/2019 serta menganalisis implikasi hukumnya terhadap pelaksanaan eksekusi jaminan fidusia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan konseptual, dan pendekatan kasus. Bahan hukum diperoleh melalui studi kepustakaan dan dianalisis secara kualitatif dengan metode analisis preskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi telah menggeser konstruksi hukum penentuan wanprestasi dari penilaian sepihak oleh kreditur menjadi keadaan hukum yang harus didasarkan pada kesepakatan para pihak atau melalui mekanisme peradilan apabila terjadi sengketa. Namun, ketiadaan indikator normatif mengenai wanprestasi menyebabkan disharmoni dalam pelaksanaan eksekusi dan menurunkan efektivitas jaminan fidusia. Penelitian ini menawarkan konstruksi hukum penentuan wanprestasi yang didasarkan pada empat indikator, yaitu adanya kewajiban kontraktual yang jelas, pelanggaran yang dapat dibuktikan secara objektif, pemberian somasi, serta penetapan melalui pengadilan apabila terjadi perselisihan. Disimpulkan bahwa harmonisasi pengaturan melalui perubahan Undang-Undang Nomor 42 Tahun 1999 atau pembentukan peraturan pelaksana diperlukan untuk memberikan kepastian hukum, menjaga keseimbangan hak kreditur dan debitur, serta meningkatkan efektivitas pelaksanaan eksekusi jaminan fidusia.
Rekonstruksi Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Korporasi Berlakunya Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2023 tentang KUHP: Pergeseran Sanksi dari Pidana Penjara ke Pidana Administratif Armanda Armanda; Fristia Berdian Tamza; Ahmad Irzal Fardiansyah
JUSTICIA SAINS - Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Vol 11, No 1 (2026): JUSTICIA SAINS: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum
Publisher : Universitas Sang Bumi Ruwa Jurai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24967/jcs.v11i1.4594

Abstract

This research analyzes the paradigm shift in corporate criminal liability following the enactment of Law Number 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code (KUHP), which replaces the old Criminal Code. The new KUHP brings significant changes to the punishment of corporations, particularly by introducing and strengthening administrative criminal sanctions as an alternative or addition to conventional criminal sanctions. Previously, the imposition of imprisonment on corporate management was often the main focus, which was considered less effective in comprehensively addressing corporate crime and less oriented toward restoration.This shift reflects a global trend to focus on compliance, prevention, and restoration of losses caused by corporate crime. The 2023 KUHP facilitates the imposition of more specific and adaptive sanctions, such as fines with more detailed calculations, freezing of business licenses, and restoration obligations. This reconstruction aims to ensure the effectiveness of corporate criminal law enforcement that is more targeted, by prioritizing the liability of the corporation itself and not solely its management.
Kedudukan Yuridis dan Rasio Legis Perlindungan Hak Cipta Atas Output Generative Artificial Intelligence Dalam Sistem Hukum Intelektual Indonesia Kurdi Kurdi; Muhammad Rizqi Alfarizi Ramadhan; Teuku Ahmad Dadek
JUSTICIA SAINS - Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Vol 11, No 1 (2026): JUSTICIA SAINS: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum
Publisher : Universitas Sang Bumi Ruwa Jurai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24967/jcs.v11i1.5328

Abstract

This study examines the legal status of copyright protection for Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) output within the framework of the intellectual property system in Indonesia. This study was conducted using a normative legal method with a statutory and conceptual approach. This study analyzes the qualifications of the doctrine of originality and the economic utilization status of AI works. The results of the study show that Law Number 28 of 2014 concerning Copyright absolutely adheres to the principle of anthropocentrism, which establishes biological humans as the only legitimate creator entities. Pure GenAI output is proven to fail to meet the qualifications of originality due to the lack of personal touch and human authorship, so that the work is eliminated from copyright protection. The void of norms related to this phenomenon directly threatens the principle of legal certainty (Rechtssicherheit) and economic utility in the creative industry, where autonomous algorithmic output is at risk of directly falling into the public domain. To resolve this uncertainty, this study recommends the need for policy reconceptualization. Proposed measures include the implementation of a substantial human contribution test, the adoption of mandatory labeling of AI outputs, and the establishment of a special sui generis protection regime. These reforms are essential to ensure certainty in digital investment while upholding the dignity and fairness of organic creators in Indonesia.
Perlindungan Hukum Kreditor Dalam Eksekusi Hak Tanggungan Atas Debitur Wanprestasi Berdasarkan Putusan MA Nomor 174 K/Pdt/2021 Medra Tunggul Parningotan; Yuniar Rahmatiar; Muhamad Abas
JUSTICIA SAINS - Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Vol 11, No 1 (2026): JUSTICIA SAINS: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum
Publisher : Universitas Sang Bumi Ruwa Jurai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24967/jcs.v11i1.5250

Abstract

This research investigates the suboptimal implementation of mortgage security (Hak Tanggungan) execution in safeguarding creditors’ rights against defaulting debtors, notwithstanding the provisions of Law Number 4 of 1996. In practice, litigation initiated by debtors frequently obstructs collateral auctions, hindering creditors from realizing their rights efficiently. This study evaluates the regulatory framework of mortgage execution and the scope of legal protection for creditors, specifically analyzing Supreme Court Decision Number 174 K/Pdt/2021. Utilizing a juridical-empirical method with statutory and case-based approaches, data were gathered via literature reviews and interviews for qualitative analysis. Findings indicate that while creditors normatively possess parate execution authority through mortgage certificates, empirical evidence suggests that legal certainty is undermined by protracted judicial processes. Although Decision No. 174 K/Pdt/2021 validates execution upon proven default, implementation remains contingent on a final and binding ruling (inkracht). Consequently, a significant discrepancy between legal ideals and judicial reality persists, rendering creditor protection ineffective.
Relevansi Asas Itikad Baik Dalam Menjamin Kepastian Dan Perlindungan Hukum Pada Sengketa Agreement Di Indonesia Safitta Amanah; Hamzah Hamzah; Sepriyadi Adhan S; Muhammad Akib; Rohaini Rohaini
JUSTICIA SAINS - Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Vol 11, No 1 (2026): JUSTICIA SAINS: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum
Publisher : Universitas Sang Bumi Ruwa Jurai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24967/jcs.v11i1.5252

Abstract

The development of digital transactions encourages the use of clickwrap agreements as a form of electronic contracts that raises issues related to legal certainty and protection. The main problems lie in the formalistic nature of the agreement (pseudo-consent), the integrity of the parties' positions, and the weak implementation of the principle of good faith. This research is important to examine the relevance of the principle of good faith in ensuring justice and legal certainty in the signing of digital contracts. The method used is normative legal research with a regulatory and conceptual approach, as well as qualitative analysis of primary and secondary legal materials. The results of the study indicate that clickwrap agreements are legally recognized in Indonesia, but still face weaknesses in substantial aspects. The principle of good faith plays a corrective instrument to assess the propriety and fairness in contracts, especially in protecting the weaker party. This study concludes that the enforcement of the principle of good faith and regulatory harmonization are necessary to achieve optimal legal certainty and protection.

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