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Jurnal Pharmacopoeia
Published by Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Bengkulu
ISSN : 28094573     EISSN : 28094573     DOI : https://doi.org/10.33088/jp.v1i2
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Jurnal Pharmacopoeia (JPharmaco) O-ISSN: 2809-4573 is an official journal published by Pharmacy Program, Health Analyst Department, Health Polytechnic of Bengkulu which the articles can be accessed and downloaded online by the public (open access journal). This journal is a national peer-reviewed journal published twice a year on topics of excellence of research results in the fields of service and practice of pharmacy, community medicine, pharmaceutical technology, and health science disciplines that are closely related. This journal accepts English texts. The following are the research areas that this journal focuses on Clinical Pharmacy, Community Pharmacy, Pharmaceutics, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry. JPharmaco receives manuscripts from the results of research (research article), systematic reviews and meta-analysis that are closely related to the health sector, particularly the pharmaceutical field. Selected manuscripts for publication in JPharmaco will be sent to two reviewers experts in their field, who are not affiliated with the same institution as the author(s) and are chosen based on the consideration of the editorial team. The review process is conducted in a closed manner where the author(s) and reviewers do not know the identity and affiliation of each. Each manuscript delegated to editorial members is examined for the final decision of the review process. The author(s) are required to respond to the review given and send revised manuscripts within the allotted time after the comments and suggestions from the reviewers have been sent. Manuscripts accepted for publication are edited copies checked for grammar, punctuation, print style, and format. The entire process of submitting the manuscripts to the final decision for publishing is done online.
Arjuna Subject : Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics - Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Lain-Lain)
Articles 71 Documents
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Implikasi Perbedaan Klasifikasi AWaRe WHO Dan Kemenkes RI Terhadap Evaluasi Penggunaan Antibiotik: Tinjauan Literatur Yusna Fadliyyah Apriyanti; Reza Rahmawati; Muthia Nurhidayah; Baha Udin
Jurnal Pharmacopoeia Vol 5 No 1 (2026): Maret 2026
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33088/jp.v5i1.1255

Abstract

The AWaRe classification was developed by the WHO to support antimicrobial stewardship through standardized evaluation of antibiotic use. Several countries, including Indonesia, have implemented AWaRe classifications adapted to national clinical needs and policy priorities, although such adaptations may lead to variations in the interpretation of antibiotic use indicators and stewardship performance. A literature search was conducted using the Google Scholar database with the keywords “AWaRe classification”, “antibiotic use evaluation”, “WHO”, and “Indonesia”, accompanied by the addition of the affixes "AND" and "OR", and selection by the publication date starting January 2023, and ten (10) studies met the inclusion criteria. The selected studies were analyzed using thematic and comparative synthesis to identify patterns of antibiotic consumption, dominance of AWaRe categories, and the impact of classification differences on stewardship indicators. The included studies covered outpatient care (30%), inpatient care (30%), intensive care units (20%), community pharmacies (10%), and national antibiotic distribution (10%). Most studies (90%) reported dominance of Watch antibiotics, while increased use of Reserve antibiotics (40%) and Watch antibiotics dominated the DU90% segment (80%) of studies. Indonesian studies (20%) showed that national adaptation of the AWaRe classification increased the apparent proportion of Access antibiotics by approximately 15–30%.  In conclusion, AWaRe is a valuable tool for monitoring antibiotic use; however, stewardship interpretation is highly sensitive to the classification system applied. Dual reporting using both WHO and national AWaRe classifications is recommended to ensure accurate, transparent, and globally comparable evaluation of antibiotic use in support of effective antimicrobial stewardship policies.
Evaluasi Penggunaan Obat Antihipertensi Pada Pasien Penyakit Ginjal Kronik Di Ruang Rawat Inap Rumah Sakit X Tangerang Muthia Nurhidayah; Nuraini Nuraini; Sefi Megawati
Jurnal Pharmacopoeia Vol 5 No 1 (2026): Maret 2026
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33088/jp.v5i1.1257

Abstract

Penyakit ginjal kronik (PGK) merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang terus meningkat di Indonesia seiring dengan meningkatnya prevalensi hipertensi. Data Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) tahun 2018 menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi gagal ginjal kronik di Indonesia masih menjadi perhatian serius, dan di Rumah Sakit X Tangerang, PGK termasuk dalam penyakit dengan angka kejadian tinggi dengan hipertensi sebagai komorbiditas utama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pola penggunaan obat antihipertensi pada pasien PGK yang dirawat inap, meliputi ketepatan pemilihan pasien, indikasi, pemilihan obat, dan dosis. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriptif dengan pengambilan data retrospektif dari rekam medis pasien PGK yang dirawat di ruang rawat inap Rumah Sakit X Tangerang. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi karakteristik pasien, jenis obat antihipertensi yang digunakan, kadar kreatinin serum, tekanan darah, serta kondisi klinis pasien. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 41,6% pasien menerima terapi monoterapi dan 58,3% menerima terapi kombinasi. Obat antihipertensi yang paling banyak digunakan meliputi captopril, ramipril, valsartan, telmisartan, furosemid, bisoprolol, amlodipin, nifedipin, dan klonidin. Evaluasi penggunaan obat antihipertensi menunjukkan ketepatan indikasi sebesar 100%, ketepatan pemilihan obat sebesar 98,33%, dan ketepatan dosis sebesar 96,66%. Kesimpulan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan obat antihipertensi pada pasien PGK yang dirawat inap di Rumah Sakit X Tangerang sebagian besar telah rasional dan sesuai dengan pedoman terapi, namun evaluasi berkelanjutan tetap diperlukan untuk meningkatkan kualitas terapi.
Profil Peredaran Kosmetik Tanpa Izin Edar (TIE) Di Provinsi Bengkulu Tahun 2025 RR.Chrysna Winandha; Dewi Nopitasari; Hifdzi Ulil Azmi
Jurnal Pharmacopoeia Vol 5 No 1 (2026): Maret 2026
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33088/jp.v5i1.1258

Abstract

Cosmetics are pharmaceutical products supervised by the Indonesian Food and Drug Authority (BPOM). In Bengkulu Province, cosmetics are sold in stores, salons, clinics, and traditional markets as well as online. Traditional markets primarily reach lower-middle-class consumers, who often exploit the lack of consumer awareness. Beauty clinics and cosmetic stores reach upper-middle-class consumers, who also have the potential for the distribution of cosmetics without a distribution permit (illegal) through purchases from unauthorized distribution channels. Meanwhile, the growth of the online market and the lack of oversight allow illegal cosmetics from marketplaces to be sold in stores and traditional markets. This study aims to describe the distribution profile of illegal cosmetics in Bengkulu Province through cosmetic distribution channels and traditional markets, as well as their relationship to online sales. The purpose of this study was to determine the distribution profile of illegal cosmetics in Bengkulu Province. The study was conducted by collecting oversight data of BPOM in Bengkulu through field inspections and freight forwarding services. The results showed that illegal cosmetics found in cosmetic distribution channels were dominated by skincare products (60.8%), which are categorized as imported and relabelled cosmetics with unknown hazardous ingredients. In traditional markets, the most commonly found illegal cosmetics are day creams (50.5%), lip makeup (37.5%), and night creams (6.9%), most of which contain the hazardous ingredient mercury. Online monitoring revealed that illegal cosmetics were dominated by day creams (33.8%), facial toners (25.4%), whitening (18.1%), and solid body wash (13.3%), all of which contain the hazardous ingredient mercury and a combination of retinoic acid and hydroquinone. This study concluded that traditional markets are at greatest risk of distributing illegal cosmetics containing hazardous ingredients.
Efektivitas Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) Dalam Meningkatkan Reseptivitas Endometrium Dan Luaran Reproduksi Pasien Dengan Kegagalan Implantasi Berulang: Systematic Literature Review Dhinar Mustika Natalia; Evi Fitriany; Dhika Juliana Sukmana; Redhita Rizki Shantania Putri
Jurnal Pharmacopoeia Vol 5 No 1 (2026): Maret 2026
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33088/jp.v5i1.1259

Abstract

Recurrent implantation failure (RIF) is a major cause of in vitro fertilization (IVF) failure and remains a significant challenge in assisted reproductive technology. RIF is frequently associated with impaired endometrial receptivity, particularly in women with thin endometrium. Conventional treatments have shown inconsistent outcomes, highlighting the need for alternative therapeutic approaches. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has emerged as a potential strategy to improve endometrial quality and receptivity. This study aimed to systematically review the role of PRP in improving reproductive outcomes in patients with RIF. This study was conducted as a systematic literature review using PubMed, Dimensions, and European PMC databases. Article searches were performed using the keywords “Platelet Rich Plasma,” “Recurrent Implantation Failure,” and “Fertility Outcome” with boolean operators and MeSH terms. Randomized controlled trials and retrospective cohort studies published between 2015 and 2025 were included. Article screening was conducted using Zotero and Rayyan. From 108 articles, 16 studies met the inclusion criteria and were qualitatively analyzed. The findings indicate that intrauterine PRP administration in patients with RIF is associated with improvements in endometrial thickness, implantation rate, biochemical pregnancy, clinical pregnancy, and live birth rate compared to standard therapy. The most consistent benefits were observed in patients with thin endometrium (≤7 mm), while outcomes in patients with normal endometrial thickness varied across studies. PRP shows promise as a safe and effective adjuvant therapy to enhance endometrial receptivity and pregnancy outcomes in patients with RIF. Further well-designed randomized controlled trials with standardized PRP protocols are required to establish its clinical efficacy.  
Pengaruh Jenis Pemanis Terhadap Karakteristik Fisik Granul Effervescent Daun Lidah Buaya (Aloe vera L.) Rahmatul Mutia Mutia; Hamsinah Hamsinah; Amelia Sari; Ernita Silviana; Burdah Burdah; Rima Hayati
Jurnal Pharmacopoeia Vol 5 No 1 (2026): Maret 2026
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33088/jp.v5i1.1260

Abstract

Aloe vera L. has considerable potential as a natural ingredient for oral preparations; however, the inherent bitterness of its leaf powder limits patient acceptability. Effervescent granules were selected to improve convenience and palatability, in which sweeteners may influence both taste and physical performance. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of sweetener type on the physical characteristics of Aloe vera effervescent granules. Granules were prepared by wet granulation using aspartame (F1) and stevia (F2). Evaluations included organoleptic properties, moisture content, flow time, angle of repose, and dispersion time. Statistical analysis was performed using the Mann–Whitney U test for moisture content and Welch’s t-test for other parameters. Both formulations met general quality requirements for effervescent granules. No significant differences were observed in moisture content and dispersion time (p > 0.05). However, flow time and angle of repose differed significantly (p < 0.05). F1 showed faster flow time (1.55 ± 0.05 s) and lower angle of repose (20.40 ± 1.07°) compared to F2 (2.30 ± 0.26 s; 24.70 ± 1.35°), indicating better flowability. These findings suggest that sweetener type significantly influences granule flow properties but not moisture stability or dispersion performance
Antioxidant Activity Of Body Lotion Formula Containing Rosella Petal Extract (Hibiscus sabdariffa) And Calamansi Orange Peel Essential Oil (Citrofortunella microcarpa) Suci Rahmawati; Oky Hermansyah; Rose Intan Perma Sari; Yendha Dwi Rolitta; Dwi Kurnia Putri; Tri Danang Kurniawan
Jurnal Pharmacopoeia Vol 5 No 1 (2026): Maret 2026
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33088/jp.v5i1.1262

Abstract

Rosella petals contain anthocyanins, and calamansi orange peel essential oil contains limonene, both of which are antioxidant compounds. Antioxidants capture free radicals, allowing them to serve as active ingredients in preventing premature aging in skincare products such as body lotions. This study was aimed to formulate and test the antioxidant activity of body lotion containing roselle petal extract (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) and calamansi orange peel essential oil (Citrofortunella microcarpa). Roselle petal extract was obtained through maceration using 96% ethanol solvent and calamansi essential oil was obtained through distillation using aquadest as the solvent. The body lotion was formulated in three variations (F1, F2, and F3) with differing concentrations of roselle extract and calamansi essential oil, respectively: F1 (1% and 3%), F2 (2% and 5%), and F3 (4% and 7%). The formulations were evaluated their physical properties (organoleptic characteristics, homogeneity, pH, spread ability, viscosity, and stability) and also antioxidant activity. The evaluation results were indicated that all formulations met physical standards but were unstable under heat. F1, F2, and F3 were semi-solid, homogeneous, pink in color, and had a distinctive calamansi aroma. The antioxidant evaluation yielded IC₅₀ values of 89.9 ppm, 81.7 ppm, and 69.7 ppm for F1, F2, and F3, respectively. The results was showed that F3 formula had the highest antioxidant activity. This study was demonstrated that increasing the concentration of the combination of roselle petal extract and calamansi essential oil enhanced the antioxidant activity of the body lotion formulations.
Sebuah Analisis Determinan Kepatuhan Konsumsi Obat ARV (Anti Retroviral) Pada Odhiv Di Kabupaten Oki : Analisis Data Sekunder Hesti Sariningrum; Rico Januar Sitorus; Najmah Najmah
Jurnal Pharmacopoeia Vol 5 No 1 (2026): Maret 2026
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33088/jp.v5i1.1279

Abstract

Kepatuhan konsumsi obat antiretroviral (ARV) merupakan faktor kunci dalam keberhasilan terapi HIV untuk mencapai supresi viral dan mencegah resistensi obat. Berbagai faktor demografis dan klinis diduga berperan dalam memengaruhi tingkat kepatuhan pasien. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara jenis kelamin, jenis populasi, stadium klinis, dan riwayat loss to follow up (LFU) dengan kepatuhan konsumsi ARV di Kabupaten OKI. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 37 responden yang menjalani terapi ARV. Data dianalisis secara bivariat menggunakan uji chi-square untuk mengetahui hubungan antara variabel independen dan tingkat kepatuhan ARV, dengan tingkat signifikansi 0,05. Sebagian besar responden memiliki tingkat kepatuhan >95%. Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara jenis kelamin (p=0,203), jenis populasi (p=0,205), stadium klinis (p=0,611), dan riwayat LFU (p=0,099) dengan kepatuhan konsumsi ARV (p>0,05). Faktor jenis kelamin, jenis populasi, stadium klinis, dan riwayat LFU tidak berhubungan secara signifikan dengan kepatuhan konsumsi ARV. Meskipun demikian, retensi dalam layanan tetap menjadi aspek penting dalam menjaga keberlanjutan terapi. Penguatan konseling, pemantauan rutin, dan pendekatan layanan yang komprehensif diperlukan untuk mempertahankan tingkat kepatuhan yang optimal.
Studi Komparatif Kadar Flavonoid Total Makroalga Caulerpa racemosa Asal Pantai Teluk Sepang Melalui Variasi Konsentrasi Pelarut Etanol Ade Apriansyah; Dwi Kurnia Putri; Putri Mulia; Ikhsan; Delia Komala Sari
Jurnal Pharmacopoeia Vol 5 No 1 (2026): Maret 2026
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33088/jp.v5i1.1281

Abstract

Anggur laut merupakan keluarga alga Caulerpaceae yang memiliki bentuk tubuh berupa talus, yaitu struktur yang bisa membentuk seperti rantai atau dahan, dan memiliki butiran kecil yang menyerupai buah anggur, sehingga dinamakan anggur laut. Selain itu, berbagai penelitian modern menunjukkan bahwa Caulerpa racemosa mengandung metabolit sekunder penting, terutama senyawa flavonoid. Flavonoid adalah kelompok senyawa fenolik yang ada di hampir semua bagian tumbuhan, terutama di lapisan luar daun dan kulit buah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menetapkan kadar flavonoid total ekstrak etanol 70% dan etanol 96% tumbuhan anggur laut yang ada di Pantai Teluk Sepang, Kota Bengkulu. Metode yang digunakan adalah spektrofotometri UV-Vis dengan pendekatan kolorimetri kompleksasi aluminium klorida (AlCl₃). Teknik ini relatif mudah, cepat, sangat sensitif, dan dapat diterapkan dengan sukses pada berbagai ekstrak yang berasal dari bahan alami, menghasilkan hasil yang dapat diandalkan jika disertai dengan validasi metode. Pengukuran kadar flavonoid menggunakan pembanding kuersetin pada panjang gelombang maksimum 430 nm dan didapatkan persamaan regresi linear y=0,0096x + 0,0535 dan R2=0,9729 diperoleh kadar flavonoid total ekstrak etanol 70% sebesar 12,6±0,16 mg QE/g dan ekstrak etanol 96% sebesar 44,1±0,29 mg QE/g. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak etanol 96% memiliki kadar flavonoid lebih besar daripada ektrak etanol 70%. Analisis statistik menggunakan independent sample t-test mengonfirmasi adanya perbedaan signifikan antar kedua perlakuan tersebut (p < 0,05). Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa etanol 96% merupakan pelarut yang lebih efektif untuk mengekstraksi flavonoid dari C. racemosa, yang diduga dipengaruhi oleh sifat semipolar dari senyawa flavonoid yang terkandung di dalamnya.
Formulasi Nanoemulgel Minyak Cendana-Aloe Vera Berbasis Gelling Agent Derivat Selulosa: Studi Karakteristik Dan Stabilitas Dita Nurlita Rakhma; Nanda Aprilia; Yuyun Nailufa; Yuli Ainun Najih
Jurnal Pharmacopoeia Vol 5 No 1 (2026): Maret 2026
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33088/jp.v5i1.1286

Abstract

Minyak cendana memiliki potensi antiinflamasi untuk penanganan sunburn; namun, sifatnya yang mudah menguap dan kelarutan air yang rendah membatasi efektivitas topikalnya. Aloe vera secara luas telah diketahui memiliki efektivitas sebagai pelembab dan antiinflamasi. Kombinasi kedua bahan tersebut dalam formulasi topikal berbasis nanoemulgel memiliki potensi besar untuk dikembangkan. Sistem nanoemulgel dapat meningkatkan stabilitas dan penghantaran zat aktif ke kulit, sementara jenis gelling agent berperan penting dalam menentukan karakteristik fisik dan stabilitas sediaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh jenis gelling agent terhadap karakteristik fisik dan stabilitas nanoemulgel minyak cendana. Tiga formula nanoemulgel diformulasikan menggunakan gelling agent derivate selulosa yang berbeda (MC, HPMC, dan HEC). Evaluasi fisik meliputi pengamatan organoleptis, pH, viskositas, daya sebar, daya lekat, ukuran partikel, indeks polidispersitas (PDI), serta uji stabilitas sentrifugasi. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji one-way ANOVA (p<0,05). Seluruh formula menunjukkan nilai pH yang sesuai dan droplet berukuran nano (30–50 nm) dengan PDI <0,35 yang menandakan distribusi homogen. Perbedaan signifikan ditemukan pada viskositas dan ukuran partikel (p<0.05). Formula berbasis HEC menunjukkan viskositas tertinggi dan ukuran partikel terkecil. Peningkatan viskositas berkaitan dengan penurunan mobilitas droplet serta peningkatan stabilitas fisik. Daya sebar berbanding terbalik dengan viskositas, sedangkan daya lekat tidak menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan antar formula. Seluruh formula tetap stabil secara fisik tanpa pemisahan fase setelah uji sentrifugasi. Jenis gelling agent berpengaruh signifikan terhadap karakteristik fisik nanoemulgel, dan formula berbasis HEC menunjukkan performa paling optimal dalam aspek karakteristik dan stabilitas fisik.
Studi Etnofarmakologi Tanaman Obat Demam Oleh Penyehat Tradisional Di Desa Talang Pauh Kabupaten Bengkulu Tengah Cindy Darma Prasiska; Ikhsan; Reza Rahmawati; Suci Rahmawati; Rizqa Hasanah
Jurnal Pharmacopoeia Vol 5 No 1 (2026): Maret 2026
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33088/jp.v5i1.1287

Abstract

Demam merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan yang umum terjadi dan sering ditangani secara tradisional oleh masyarakat perdesaan menggunakan tanaman obat berdasarkan pengetahuan turun-temurun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendokumentasikan jenis tanaman obat, bagian tanaman yang digunakan, cara pengolahan, serta cara penggunaan tanaman obat oleh penyehat tradisional dalam mengatasi demam di Desa Talang Pauh, Kecamatan Pondok Kelapa, Kabupaten Bengkulu Tengah. Penelitian ini merupakan studi observasional deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode total sampling terhadap 12 orang penyehat tradisional. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam dan observasi langsung, kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif dan disajikan dalam bentuk tabel serta uraian naratif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 29 spesies tanaman obat yang dimanfaatkan untuk mengatasi demam. Spesies tanaman yang paling banyak di gunakan oleh penyehat tradisional  Adalah melur (Jasminum sambac L ).  Bagian tanaman yang paling banyak digunakan adalah daun, diikuti oleh rimpang, akar, kulit batang, bonggol, dan air kelapa. Metode pengolahan yang dominan adalah perebusan, sedangkan cara penggunaan paling umum adalah diminum, selain digunakan sebagai kompres, diusapkan, dan dimandikan. Dominasi penggunaan daun menunjukkan pertimbangan aspek ketersediaan, kemudahan pengolahan, serta keberlanjutan sumber daya. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa praktik pengobatan tradisional di Desa Talang Pauh masih lestari dan memiliki potensi untuk dikaji lebih lanjut secara ilmiah sebagai dasar pengembangan fitofarmaka berbasis kearifan lokal.

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