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Herbal Medicine Journal
Published by Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Senior Medan
ISSN : -     EISSN : 26212625     DOI : https://doi.org/10.58996
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
Herbal Medicine Journal menerima artikel penelitian dalam 2 area utama di bidang farmasi: Sains Farmasi dan Farmasi Komunitas dan Klinis. Dalam bidang sains farmasi, artikel penelitian yang diterima meliputi Biologi Farmasi dan Farmakognosi, Kimia Farmasi, Farmasetika, Farmakologi dan Toksikologi, dan juga Bioteknologi. Sedangkan area Farmasi Komunitas dan Klinis mencakup Farmasi Rumah Sakit, Farmasi Klinis, Manajemen Farmasi, dan Farmasi Sosial.
Arjuna Subject : Profesi Kesehatan - Farmasi
Articles 119 Documents
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Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Inhibitor Enzim Tirosinase Ekstrak Daun Jeruk Manis (Citrus sinensis L.) Saragih, Runitasari; Fachrial, Edy; Pranita Simanjuntak, Nerly Juli
Herbal Medicine Journal Vol 9 No 1 (2026): Herbal Medicine Journal
Publisher : Program Studi S1 Farmasi, STIKES Senior, Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58996/hmj.v9i1.211

Abstract

Sweet orange leaves (Citrus sinensis L.) are a potential source of bioactive compounds that can be developed as natural antioxidants and tyrosinase inhibitors for the prevention of premature skin aging and hyperpigmentation. This study aimed to evaluate the phytochemical constituents, antioxidant activity, and tyrosinase inhibitory potential of the ethanol extract of sweet orange leaves. Extraction was carried out using ultrasonic-assisted extraction with 70% ethanol as the solvent. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, and steroids, while saponins were not detected. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using the DPPH radical scavenging method at concentrations of 200–500 ppm and showed a concentration-dependent increase in inhibition, with values of 76.46% (200 ppm), 78.61% (300 ppm), 82.32% (400 ppm), and 84.43% (500 ppm), indicating strong antioxidant activity. Tyrosinase inhibition was assessed using L-DOPA as the substrate and demonstrated inhibition percentages of 51.13% and 51.01%, indicating good inhibitory activity. Based on these findings, thethanol extract of sweet orange leaves exhibits promising antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitory properties and may be further developed for pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications, particularly as natural anti-aging and antihyperpigmentation agents.
Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Inhibitor Enzim Tirosinase Ekstrak Daun Pepaya (Carica papaya L.) Simamora, Yohana; Fachrial, Edy; Syahputra, Hariyadi Dharmawan
Herbal Medicine Journal Vol 9 No 1 (2026): Herbal Medicine Journal
Publisher : Program Studi S1 Farmasi, STIKES Senior, Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58996/hmj.v9i1.212

Abstract

Skin aging and hyperpigmentation are closely related to increased oxidative stress and tyrosinase enzyme activity in the melanogenesis process. Utilization of natural ingredients that have antioxidant activity and the ability to inhibit tyrosinase is one potential approach in skin care. This study aims to evaluate the antioxidant activity and the potential for inhibiting the tyrosinase enzyme from ethanol extract of papaya leaves (Carica papaya L.). The study was conducted experimentally through the stages of simplicia preparation, extraction using the ultrasonication method, phytochemical screening, antioxidant activity testing using the DPPH method, and tyrosinase inhibition test using L-DOPA and kojic acid as a positive control substrate. The results of the phytochemical screening showed that the ethanol extract of papaya leaves contained flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, and triterpenoids, while saponins were not detected. Antioxidant activity testing showed an increase in free radical inhibition ability along with increasing extract concentration. In addition, the results of the tyrosinase enzyme inhibition test showed that papaya leaf extract was able to significantly suppress enzyme activity. Based on these results, papaya leaf ethanol extract has the potential to be developed as a source of natural antioxidants and a tyrosinase enzyme inhibitor agent.
Penentuan Kadar Total Fenol dan Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera L.) dengan Metode DPPH Manullang, Lampita Bellina; Razoki, Razoki; Bangar, Roy Indrianto
Herbal Medicine Journal Vol 9 No 1 (2026): Herbal Medicine Journal
Publisher : Program Studi S1 Farmasi, STIKES Senior, Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58996/hmj.v9i1.214

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the total phenolic content and evaluate the antioxidant activity of the ethanolic extract of Moringa oleifera L. Extraction was carried out using the maceration method with 96% ethanol. Total phenolic content was determined using the Folin–Ciocalteu method with gallic acid as the standard, while antioxidant activity was evaluated using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH. assay and expressed as IC₅₀ values. The results showed that the ethanolic extract of Moringa oleifera leaves contained an average total phenolic content of 69.126 mg gallic acid equivalents per gram of extract. The antioxidant activity test yielded an IC₅₀ value of 92.04 ppm, indicating strong antioxidant activity. The high phenolic content contributed to the extract’s ability to scavenge free radicals. These findings suggest that the ethanolic extract of Moringa oleifera leaves has potential as a natural antioxidant source.
Formulasi dan Evaluasi Sediaan Tablet Parasetamol dengan Pati Umbi Porang (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) Sebagai Bahan Pengisi Panjaitan, Hotma sarito; Bangar, Roy Indrianto; Novriani, Erida
Herbal Medicine Journal Vol 9 No 1 (2026): Herbal Medicine Journal
Publisher : Program Studi S1 Farmasi, STIKES Senior, Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58996/hmj.v9i1.215

Abstract

Paracetamol is a widely used analgesic–antipyretic drug; however, it exhibits poor flowability and compactibility, requiring suitable excipients in tablet formulation. This study aimed to formulate paracetamol tablets using porang tuber starch (Amorphophallus muelleri) as a filler and to evaluate the effect of its concentration on the physical properties of granules and tablets. Tablets were prepared by the wet granulation method using three concentrations of porang tuber starch: 10 mg (F1), 15 mg (F2), and 20 mg (F3). Granule evaluation showed moisture content ranging from 2.1–3.4%, flow time of 4.8–6.2 seconds, angle of repose of 25.6–30.4°, and compressibility index of 11.2–15.6%, indicating good flow and compressibility properties. Tablet evaluation demonstrated acceptable weight uniformity with deviations < 5%, hardness values of 5.1–7.8 kg, friability of 0.32–0.78%, and disintegration times of 3.4–6.8 minutes. The formulation containing 20 mg of porang tuber starch (F3) exhibited the most optimal characteristics, with the highest tablet hardness (7.8 kg) and the lowest friability (0.32%), while maintaining disintegration time within pharmacopeial limits. Therefore, porang tuber starch shows strong potential as a natural filler in paracetamol tablet formulations.
Dampak Variasi Genetik terhadap Respon Terapi dan Potensi Hemolisis Anemia dari Penggunaan Primakuin melalui Pendekatan Farmakogenetika Sianu, Rahman Sumani; Ghifari, Annisa Abdi; Ma’ruf, Muhammad; Nur Jannah, Eka Yuni; Lestari, Putri Ayu
Herbal Medicine Journal Vol 9 No 1 (2026): Herbal Medicine Journal
Publisher : Program Studi S1 Farmasi, STIKES Senior, Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58996/hmj.v9i1.219

Abstract

Primaquine is essential for radical cure of Plasmodium vivax malaria but poses hemolysis risk in G6PD-deficient individuals and shows variable therapeutic responses. Genetic polymorphisms in drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters contribute to these inter-individual variations. To investigate genetic variants in G6PD, SLCO2B1, and MAOA genes that influence primaquine safety and efficacy, and to assess their clinical implications for personalized antimalarial therapy. Method the database used in this study is PhramGKB. Genetic polymorphisms in four candidate genes were analyzed for associations with hemolysis, anemia, therapeutic efficacy, and malaria recurrence. Statistical analyses determined the strength and significance of genotype-phenotype associations. Result G6PD variants rs1050828 and rs1050829 showed strong associations with hemolysis (p<0.01) and anemia (p=0.001). SLCO2B1 variant rs12422149 was associated with reduced chloroquine-primaquine efficacy (p=0.01). MAOA variant rs6323 increased malaria recurrence risk (p=0.03). Conclusion multiple genetic variants significantly impact primaquine safety and efficacy. These findings support pharmacogenetic-guided personalized antimalarial therapy to optimize outcomes and minimize adverse events, contributing to malaria elimination efforts.
Profil Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Polar dan Non-Polar Umbi Porang (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) Menggunakan Uji DPPH Sihotang, Nova Ria Ovelti; Bangar, Roy Indrianto; Syahputra, Hariyadi Dharmawan
Herbal Medicine Journal Vol 9 No 1 (2026): Herbal Medicine Journal
Publisher : Program Studi S1 Farmasi, STIKES Senior, Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58996/hmj.v9i1.221

Abstract

Porang tuber (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) is an Indonesian native commodity rich in glucomannan polysaccharides and potentially serves as a natural antioxidant source to counteract free radicals that trigger degenerative diseases. Objective of the researchv to map the antioxidant activity profile of non-polar, semi-polar, and polar extract s of porang tuber and determine the IC50 value using the DPPH method. Porang tuber powder was extracted through multilevel maceration using n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and ethanol solvents. Antioxidant activity was tested using the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) method with UV-Vis Spectrophotometry at 517 nm, utilizing Vitamin C and Quercetin as positive controls. Result: The results showed that all extract possessed extremely strong antioxidant activity. The lowest IC50 value was obtained from the ethyl acetate extract at 3.44 ppm, followed by the ethanol extract at 3.61 ppm and the n-hexane extract at 3.81 ppm. The activity of the ethyl acetate extract was stronger than the positive controls, Vitamin C (3.75 ppm) and Quercetin (4.52 ppm). Multilevel extraction is effective in separating the active compounds of porang tuber, with the semi-polar extract (ethyl acetate) exhibiting the most optimal and extremely strong antioxidant potential.
Uji Efektivitas Ekstrak Albumin Daging Belut (Monopterus albus) Secara In Vivo Terhadap Luka Sayatan pada Mencit Jantan (Mus mucullus L.) Sembiring, Mahral Effendi; Ulhaqqi, Sari Dhiya
Herbal Medicine Journal Vol 9 No 1 (2026): Herbal Medicine Journal
Publisher : Program Studi S1 Farmasi, STIKES Senior, Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58996/hmj.v9i1.222

Abstract

Incision wounds are tissue injuries that can disrupt skin function and require an optimal healing process. One of the efforts to accelerate wound healing is through the use of natural ingredients rich in protein and albumin, such as eel meat (Monopterus albus). This study aimed to evaluate the in vivo effectiveness of eel meat extract on topical incision wound healing in male mice (Mus musculus L.) and to determine the most effective concentration. The study was conducted on 25 male mice divided into five treatment groups: negative control (ointment base), positive control (Betadine ointment), and eel meat extract at doses of 0.2 g, 0.4 g, and 0.5 g. Treatments were applied topically twice daily for 12 days. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by a Post Hoc test. Eel meat extract was shown to contain albumin protein, which plays a role in accelerating wound healing. Topical application of the extract promoted faster wound closure, with the 0.5 g dose achieving complete closure by day 9, compared to day 12 in the negative control and day 11 in the positive control. Statistical analysis revealed no significant differences on day 3, but highly significant differences were observed on days 6 and 9 among the treatment groups. Eel meat extract (Monopterus albus) is effective in accelerating incised wound healing in male mice, with the 0.5 g dose showing the most optimal results.
Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Etanol Daun Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) dengan Metode DPPH Simanjuntak, Helen Anjelina; Angelina Manurung, Ester; Simanjuntak, Herlina; Br. Singarimbun, Nurbaiti; Firmawati Zega, Defacto; Br. Barus, Lydia; Pintamas Sinaga, Suharni
Herbal Medicine Journal Vol 9 No 1 (2026): Herbal Medicine Journal
Publisher : Program Studi S1 Farmasi, STIKES Senior, Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58996/hmj.v9i1.223

Abstract

Plants contain antioxidants, are easily found around homes, and offer various health benefits, including starfruit, a member of the Oxalidaceae family. The leaves are the plant part used. Empirically, people use them to treat various ailments, including fever, stomach ache, cough, hypertension, rheumatism, headache, diabetes, and pain. Objective to determine the antioxidant activity of ethanol extracts from starfruit (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) leaves and to determine the strength of this activity based on the IC50 using the DPPH method. This study employed an experimental method, including leaf collection, preparation of crude drugs, characterization, phytochemical screening, extraction, preparation of extracts from starfruit leaves, and testing the antioxidant activity of ethanol extracts from starfruit leaves. Examination of the characteristics of the simplicia powder obtained an ethanol-soluble extract content of 29.66%, a water-soluble extract content of 22.66%, a total ash content of 4.0%, an acid-insoluble ash content of 1.83%, and a drying loss of 11.83%. The phytochemical extract screening results contained alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins. The results of the antioxidant activity test of starfruit (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) leaf extract with an IC50 value of 39.71983 ppm. The results of this study indicate that starfruit (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) leaf extract has very strong antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 39.71983 ppm.
Formulasi dan Uji Aktivitas Sediaan Gel dari Fraksi Aktif Daun Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees) Sebagai Pengobatan Luka Diabetes Nazara, Gita Afifah; Br. Sembiring, Novitaria; Br. Ginting, Astriani Natalia
Herbal Medicine Journal Vol 9 No 1 (2026): Herbal Medicine Journal
Publisher : Program Studi S1 Farmasi, STIKES Senior, Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58996/hmj.v9i1.224

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease with an increasing prevalence and is often accompanied by complications such as diabetic ulcers, which are highly susceptible to infection, particularly by Staphylococcus aureus. Long-term use of antibiotics may lead to bacterial resistance, highlighting the need for alternative therapies based on natural products. Sambiloto leaves (Andrographis paniculata) contain bioactive compounds such as andrographolide, flavonoids, and phenolic compounds with antibacterial activity. A gel formulation was selected due to its ease of application and suitability for topical use on wounds. This study was a laboratory experimental study. Sambiloto leaves were extracted using the maceration method with 96% ethanol, followed by successive fractionation to obtain the aqueous fraction. The aqueous fraction was formulated into gel preparations at concentrations of 25%, 50%, and 75%. Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus was evaluated using the disc diffusion method, with clindamycin gel as a positive control and gel base as a negative control. Physical stability evaluations included organoleptic properties, homogeneity, pH, and spreadability. The results showed that the aqueous fraction of sambiloto leaves exhibited the highest antibacterial activity in a concentration-dependent manner. The 75% concentration demonstrated the greatest inhibition zone, although it was still lower than that of clindamycin. All gel formulations met the physical stability parameters and have potential to be developed as topical antibacterial preparations.

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