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INDONESIA
JOURNAL OF Mother and Child Health Concerns
Published by Indonesian Public Health-Observer Information Forum
ISSN : 27984095     EISSN : 27984192     DOI : 10.56922
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Nursing Public Health
Berisi kumpulan karya ilmiah dari peneliti diberbagai perguruan tinggi di Indonesia, khususnya di bidang kesehatan ibu dan anak yang berdasarkan kepada kebutuhan pasien secara total meliputi: kebutuhan fisik, emosi, sosial, ekonomi dan spiritual. Adapun penelitiannya mencakup 4 aspek pokok, yakni: promotif, preventif, kuratif, dan rehabilitatif. Terbit 2 kali dalam satu tahun bulan Juni dan Desember
Arjuna Subject : Keperawatan - Maternity and Midwifery
Articles 315 Documents
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Association between exclusive breastfeeding history and diarrhea among children under five Audry Rizki Hasanah; Niputu Sudiadnyani; Rakhmi Rafie; Yesi Nurmalasari
THE JOURNAL OF Mother and Child Health  Concerns Vol. 5 No. 4 (2026): July Edition 2026
Publisher : Indonesian Public Health-Observer Information Forum (IPHORR) Kerjasama dengan Persatuan Perawat Nasional Indonesia (PPNI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56922/mchc.v5i4.3791

Abstract

Background: Toddlers are a vulnerable age group to diarrhea due to their immature immune system and digestive tract function. Diarrhea remains a major health problem with a high incidence among toddlers, both globally and nationally. One of the preventive efforts against diarrhea is exclusive breastfeeding, as breast milk contains nutrients and immunological components that protect the infant’s digestive tract from infection. Purpose: To examine the association between a history of exclusive breastfeeding and diarrhea among children under five. Method: This study employed an analytical cross-sectional design. The study was conducted at the Kemiling Inpatient Community Health Center in Bandar Lampung City. The population in this study was 112 mothers with toddlers, with a sample size of 53 respondents using consecutive sampling technique. Data analysis used the Chi-Square test and Odds Ratio (OR) test. Results: The results showed that 30 respondents (56.6%) provided exclusive breastfeeding and 23 respondents (43.4%) did not provide exclusive breastfeeding. Toddlers who experienced diarrhea were 23 respondents (43.4%). The results of the Chi-Square test analysis obtained a p-value = 0.001 (p < 0.05) with an Odds Ratio (OR) value of 0.088 (95% CI: 0.024–0.321), which indicates a significant relationship between the history of exclusive breastfeeding and the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers. Toddlers who receive exclusive breastfeeding have a lower risk of experiencing diarrhea than toddlers who do not receive exclusive breastfeeding. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between a history of exclusive breastfeeding and the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers. Exclusive breastfeeding is protective against diarrhea in toddlers.
Effectiveness of combined chest physiotherapy, nebulization, and therapeutic positioning in improving respiratory status among children with pneumonia: A literature review Devi Clarisa Amanda; Imellia Harmoni Syahputri; Jihan Aqilah; Nurjanah Nurjanah; Ni Wayan Wiwin Asthiningsih
THE JOURNAL OF Mother and Child Health  Concerns Vol. 5 No. 4 (2026): July Edition 2026
Publisher : Indonesian Public Health-Observer Information Forum (IPHORR) Kerjasama dengan Persatuan Perawat Nasional Indonesia (PPNI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56922/mchc.v5i4.3815

Abstract

Background: Pneumonia remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among children worldwide, particularly in developing countries. Airway obstruction caused by retained secretions frequently impairs respiratory function, indicating the need for effective evidence-based supportive interventions in addition to pharmacological treatment. Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of combined chest physiotherapy, nebulization, and therapeutic positioning in improving the respiratory status of children with pneumonia. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) approach. Relevant articles were identified through Google Scholar, PubMed, and Portal Garuda using predefined keywords and Boolean operators. Studies published between 2021 and 2025 that investigated chest physiotherapy, nebulization, positioning, or their combination in pediatric patients with pneumonia were screened according to predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Eleven eligible studies were included and synthesized using narrative analysis. Results: The reviewed studies consistently demonstrated that combining chest physiotherapy, nebulization, and therapeutic positioning improved respiratory outcomes in children with pneumonia. The interventions increased oxygen saturation, reduced respiratory rate and respiratory distress, enhanced airway clearance through secretion mobilization, and improved patient comfort. Compared with single interventions, combination therapy produced more comprehensive improvements in respiratory function by simultaneously optimizing pulmonary ventilation, airway clearance, and oxygenation. Conclusion: The combination of chest physiotherapy, nebulization, and therapeutic positioning is an effective evidence-based supportive intervention for improving respiratory status in children with pneumonia. Integrating these interventions into pediatric nursing care may optimize respiratory recovery and complement pharmacological management to achieve better clinical outcomes.
Effect of birth plan education on anxiety levels among third-trimester pregnant women prior to childbirth: A one-group pretest–posttest study Heni Fauziah; Fijri Rachmawati; Neneng Siti Lathifah
THE JOURNAL OF Mother and Child Health  Concerns Vol. 5 No. 4 (2026): July Edition 2026
Publisher : Indonesian Public Health-Observer Information Forum (IPHORR) Kerjasama dengan Persatuan Perawat Nasional Indonesia (PPNI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56922/mchc.v5i4.3835

Abstract

Background: Anxiety during the third trimester of pregnancy is a common psychological condition that may adversely affect maternal and fetal outcomes, including prolonged labor, increased obstetric complications, and negative birth experiences. Birth Plan education is a woman-centered educational intervention designed to improve childbirth preparedness, enhance communication with healthcare providers, and reduce maternal anxiety. Purpose: To examine the effect of Birth Plan education on anxiety levels among third-trimester pregnant women prior to childbirth. Method: A pre-experimental study with a one-group pretest–posttest design was conducted among 30 third-trimester pregnant women at the Independent Midwifery Practice (PMB) of Febi Yulistia, Bandar Lampung, Indonesia, between April and May 2025. Participants were recruited using total sampling. Anxiety levels were assessed before and after a 45-minute Birth Plan education session using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS). Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test with a significance level of p < 0.05. Results: Before the intervention, the majority of participants experienced moderate anxiety (53.3%), with a mean anxiety score of 18.73 ± 4.36. Following Birth Plan education, most participants reported no anxiety (60.0%), and the mean anxiety score significantly decreased to 11.67 ± 4.55. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in anxiety levels after the intervention (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Birth Plan education effectively reduced anxiety levels among third-trimester pregnant women. Integrating Birth Plan education into routine antenatal care may enhance maternal psychological preparedness for childbirth and contribute to improving maternal health outcomes.
Association between maternal parity status and premature rupture of membranes among delivering mothers Efi Trimuryani; Asri Novia Rahmawati
THE JOURNAL OF Mother and Child Health  Concerns Vol. 5 No. 4 (2026): July Edition 2026
Publisher : Indonesian Public Health-Observer Information Forum (IPHORR) Kerjasama dengan Persatuan Perawat Nasional Indonesia (PPNI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56922/mchc.v5i4.3957

Abstract

Background: Premature rupture of membranes (PROM) is one of the major obstetric complications associated with maternal and neonatal morbidity, particularly preterm birth. Maternal parity has been identified as one of the obstetric factors that may influence the occurrence of PROM; however, evidence regarding this association remains inconsistent. Purpose: To determine the association between maternal parity and the incidence of premature rupture of membranes among delivering mothers. Method: A retrospective analytic study with a cross-sectional design was conducted using secondary data from medical records at Panembahan Senopati Bantul Regional Hospital, Yogyakarta. The study population consisted of 168 mothers diagnosed with PROM, and 63 eligible participants were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Maternal parity was categorized as primiparous and multiparous. Data were analyzed using the Fisher's Exact test with a significance level of p<0.05. Among 63 mothers with PROM, 81.0% experienced term PROM, while 19.0% had preterm PROM. Most respondents were aged 20–35 years (69.8%) and were multiparous (61.9%). Statistical analysis demonstrated a significant association between maternal parity and the incidence of PROM (p=0.044). Primiparous mothers had a 4.38-fold higher likelihood of experiencing PROM compared with multiparous mothers (OR=4.38). Conclusion: Maternal parity was significantly associated with the incidence of premature rupture of membranes. Primiparous mothers were at greater risk of experiencing PROM than multiparous mothers. Early identification of parity-related risk factors during antenatal care may contribute to the prevention of PROM and improve maternal and neonatal outcomes.
Association between participation in the free nutritious meal program and nutritional status among junior high school students Reyva Putri Bani; Tessa Sjahriani; Sandhy Arya Pratama; Laurentia Konadi Miharja
THE JOURNAL OF Mother and Child Health  Concerns Vol. 5 No. 4 (2026): July Edition 2026
Publisher : Indonesian Public Health-Observer Information Forum (IPHORR) Kerjasama dengan Persatuan Perawat Nasional Indonesia (PPNI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56922/mchc.v5i4.3548

Abstract

Background: Adolescents are a demographic that may face nutritional challenges, which can impact their growth, health, focus, and academic success. Based on the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey, 7.6% of adolescents aged 13–15 years were thin or severely thin, 12.1% were overweight, and 4.1% were obese. The Free Nutritious Food Program or Makan Bergizi Gratis (MBG) aims to address the nutritional needs of school-age children; however, variations in students' consumption patterns may influence the outcomes. Purpose: To determine the association between Free Nutritious Meal Program (MBG) consumption and the nutritional status of junior high school students. Method: This study employs an observational analytical design utilizing a cross-sectional approach. The research sample included 100 students who were chosen through a simple random sampling method. Data were collected through structured questionnaires, measurement of weight and height, and determination of BMI/U based on z-score. Results: The analysis of the data was conducted using Fisher’s Exact test. The research findings indicated that 77 students, representing 77.0%, exhibited good nutritional status. According to MBG consumption data, 60 students, representing 60.0%, were categorized as frequent consumers, while 40 students, or 40.0%, were classified as infrequent consumers. A total of 44 students (73.3%) in the frequent consumption group and 33 students (82.5%) in the infrequent consumption group exhibited good nutritional status. The Fisher’s Exact test results indicate a significant relationship between MBG consumption and students' nutritional status, with a p value = 0.011. Conclusion: MBG consumption frequency was significantly associated with nutritional status; however, frequent consumption was not consistently associated with a higher proportion of normal nutritional status. Longitudinal studies accounting for total dietary intake and physical activity are required.
Factors Associated with Diarrhea among Children Aged 1–4 Years Sri Wahyuni; Henia Novianti
THE JOURNAL OF Mother and Child Health  Concerns Vol. 5 No. 4 (2026): July Edition 2026
Publisher : Indonesian Public Health-Observer Information Forum (IPHORR) Kerjasama dengan Persatuan Perawat Nasional Indonesia (PPNI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56922/mchc.v5i4.3576

Abstract

Background: Diarrhea remains a major public health problem and is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among children under five years of age. Multiple maternal and environmental factors, including maternal education, exclusive breastfeeding, drinking water source, and handwashing practices, may influence the occurrence of diarrhea in young children. Identifying these associated factors is essential for developing effective prevention strategies. Purpose: To identify factors associated with diarrhea among children aged 1-4 years. Methods: A community-based analytical cross-sectional study was conducted among mothers of children aged 1–4 years in the Jeumpa Primary Health Center catchment area, Bireuen Regency, from February 2 to 21, 2026. A total of 97 respondents were selected using accidental sampling from a population of 3,488 children. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Chi-square test with a significance level of 0.05. Results: Of the 97 children, 69 (71.1%) experienced diarrhea. Most mothers had secondary education (76.3%), were in early adulthood (78.4%), had provided exclusive breastfeeding (67.0%), used protected drinking water sources (75.3%), and practiced good handwashing with soap (62.9%). Maternal education (p = 0.044), exclusive breastfeeding (p = 0.001), and handwashing with soap (p = 0.012) were significantly associated with diarrhea among children aged 1–4 years. In contrast, maternal age (p = 0.422) and drinking water source (p = 0.546) were not significantly associated with diarrhea. Conclusion: Maternal education, exclusive breastfeeding, and handwashing with soap were significantly associated with diarrhea among children aged 1–4 years. Strengthening health education, promoting exclusive breastfeeding, and improving hand hygiene practices are important strategies for reducing the burden of childhood diarrhea in the community.
Association between physical activity and dysmenorrhea intensity among adolescent Icha Dwi Ipanka; Sholaikhah Sulistyoningtyas
THE JOURNAL OF Mother and Child Health  Concerns Vol. 5 No. 4 (2026): July Edition 2026
Publisher : Indonesian Public Health-Observer Information Forum (IPHORR) Kerjasama dengan Persatuan Perawat Nasional Indonesia (PPNI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56922/mchc.v5i4.3599

Abstract

Background: Dysmenorrhea is one of the most common reproductive health problems among adolescent girls and frequently interferes with daily activities, school attendance, and academic performance. Regular physical activity has been reported to improve blood circulation, reduce prostaglandin production, and stimulate endorphin release, thereby potentially decreasing menstrual pain. However, evidence regarding the association between physical activity and dysmenorrhea among adolescent girls in Sleman remains limited. Purpose: To determine the relationship between physical activity and the intensity of dysmenorrhea among adolescent girls. Method: A quantitative analytical study with a cross-sectional design was conducted among 66 tenth-grade female students selected from a population of 192 students using proportionate stratified random sampling. Physical activity was assessed using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ), while dysmenorrhea intensity was measured using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Spearman's rank correlation test with a significance level of p < 0.05. Results: Of the 66 respondents, 57.5% engaged in vigorous physical activity, whereas 45.4% reported no menstrual pain. Spearman's rank correlation analysis demonstrated a statistically significant association between physical activity and dysmenorrhea intensity (Spearman's rho = 0.673; p < 0.001). Higher levels of physical activity were associated with lower menstrual pain intensity among adolescent girls. Conclusion: Physical activity level was significantly associated with dysmenorrhea intensity. However, the direction of the association should be confirmed based on the variable coding and correlation output.
Effect of brain gym stimulation on developmental outcomes among preschool children Santri Raminda; Satroda Muryanto; Rinaldi Prima Saputra; Ryanda Masri Kurniawan; Dimas Ning Pangesti
THE JOURNAL OF Mother and Child Health  Concerns Vol. 5 No. 4 (2026): July Edition 2026
Publisher : Indonesian Public Health-Observer Information Forum (IPHORR) Kerjasama dengan Persatuan Perawat Nasional Indonesia (PPNI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56922/mchc.v5i4.3636

Abstract

Background: Cognitive function during early childhood plays an important role in children's learning abilities, problem-solving skills, and school readiness. Appropriate stimulation during the preschool period is essential to optimize cognitive development. Brain Gym has been proposed as a simple physical activity intervention that may enhance cognitive function by stimulating brain integration and neuroplasticity. Purpose: To determine the effect of Brain Gym stimulation on cognitive function among preschool children. Method: This quantitative study employed a one-group pretest-posttest design involving 15 preschool children at the Siger Physio Clinic, Bandar Lampung. Cognitive function was assessed using the Ages and Stages Questionnaire-3 (ASQ-3) before and after Brain Gym intervention administered for 15 minutes, three times per week, for four weeks. Data were analyzed using Gamma and Somers' D tests with a significance level of p<0.05. Results: Statistical analysis showed a significant improvement in cognitive function after Brain Gym intervention (p=0.02). Preschool children who participated in Brain Gym demonstrated better cognitive development outcomes following four weeks of intervention. Conclusion: Brain Gym stimulation significantly improved cognitive function among preschool children and may serve as an effective complementary intervention to support early childhood cognitive development.
Association between preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain intensity among women undergoing cesarean section Komalasari Komalasari; Umi Latifa; Elsy Juni Andri Kariny; Riona Sanjaya
THE JOURNAL OF Mother and Child Health  Concerns Vol. 5 No. 4 (2026): July Edition 2026
Publisher : Indonesian Public Health-Observer Information Forum (IPHORR) Kerjasama dengan Persatuan Perawat Nasional Indonesia (PPNI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56922/mchc.v5i4.3698

Abstract

Background: Preoperative anxiety is a common psychological response among women undergoing cesarean section and may increase postoperative pain perception through physiological and psychological stress responses. Identifying the relationship between anxiety and pain is essential for improving perioperative maternal care. Purpose: To determine the relationship between preoperative anxiety levels and postoperative pain intensity among women undergoing cesarean section at RSIA Mutiara Hati. Methods: This quantitative study employed an analytical cross-sectional design. A total of 74 post-cesarean section patients were recruited using purposive sampling. Preoperative anxiety was assessed using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS), while postoperative pain intensity was measured using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Gamma correlation test with a significance level of p < 0.05. Results: Most respondents experienced severe preoperative anxiety (54.1%) and severe postoperative pain (51.4%). Statistical analysis demonstrated a significant relationship between preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain intensity (p = 0.015). Women with higher preoperative anxiety were 4.09 times more likely to experience greater postoperative pain intensity (OR = 4.091; 95% CI = 1.315–12.728). Conclusion: Preoperative anxiety was significantly associated with postoperative pain intensity among women undergoing cesarean section. Early identification and management of anxiety through preoperative education, therapeutic communication, and psychological support may help reduce postoperative pain and improve maternal recovery.
The Effect of topical aloe vera on striae gravidarum severity among pregnant women Sri Wulandari; Witri Lathifah; Marselina Labai Lejau; Nathasya Deshandry Rambu Haima
THE JOURNAL OF Mother and Child Health  Concerns Vol. 5 No. 4 (2026): July Edition 2026
Publisher : Indonesian Public Health-Observer Information Forum (IPHORR) Kerjasama dengan Persatuan Perawat Nasional Indonesia (PPNI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56922/mchc.v5i4.3775

Abstract

Background: Striae gravidarum is one of the most common physiological skin changes experienced during pregnancy, affecting up to 90-95% of pregnant women. It may cause itching, skin irritation, and decreased self-confidence. Aloe vera has been reported to possess moisturizing and skin-regenerating properties that may help reduce the severity of stretch marks during pregnancy. Purpose: This study aimed to determine the effect of aloe vera application on reducing striae gravidarum among pregnant women. Methods: This quantitative study employed a quasi-experimental design using a non-equivalent control group pretest–posttest approach. A total of 37 pregnant women were recruited using total sampling. Aloe vera was applied for four weeks, and observations were conducted before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Paired t-test. Results: Most respondents were classified as non-risk age (81.08%) and multiparous (64.86%). Statistical analysis demonstrated a significant reduction in striae gravidarum scores after four weeks of aloe vera application (p= 0.000; p< 0.05), indicating a significant difference between pretest and posttest measurements. Conclusion: Aloe vera application significantly reduced the severity of striae gravidarum in pregnant women after four weeks of intervention. Aloe vera may be considered a safe and affordable complementary intervention for managing stretch marks during pregnancy.

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