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INDONESIA
JOURNAL OF Mother and Child Health Concerns
Published by Indonesian Public Health-Observer Information Forum
ISSN : 27984095     EISSN : 27984192     DOI : 10.56922
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Nursing Public Health
Berisi kumpulan karya ilmiah dari peneliti diberbagai perguruan tinggi di Indonesia, khususnya di bidang kesehatan ibu dan anak yang berdasarkan kepada kebutuhan pasien secara total meliputi: kebutuhan fisik, emosi, sosial, ekonomi dan spiritual. Adapun penelitiannya mencakup 4 aspek pokok, yakni: promotif, preventif, kuratif, dan rehabilitatif. Terbit 2 kali dalam satu tahun bulan Juni dan Desember
Arjuna Subject : Keperawatan - Maternity and Midwifery
Articles 315 Documents
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Determinants of vulva hygiene practices and their association with abnormal vaginal discharge among adolescent girls Riana Rosa; Asparian Asparian; Herwansyah Herwansyah; Sri Astuti Siregar
THE JOURNAL OF Mother and Child Health  Concerns Vol. 5 No. 4 (2026): July Edition 2026
Publisher : Indonesian Public Health-Observer Information Forum (IPHORR) Kerjasama dengan Persatuan Perawat Nasional Indonesia (PPNI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56922/mchc.v5i4.3542

Abstract

Background: Vaginal discharge is one of the common reproductive health problems experienced by adolescent girls and may be influenced by poor vulva hygiene practices. Several factors are presumed to be related to vulva hygiene practices and vaginal discharge, including knowledge, attitude, action, facilities, exposure to reproductive health information, family support, peer support, and teacher support. This study aimed to identify the determinants of vulva hygiene practices related to vaginal discharge among adolescent girls  at Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 2 Kota Jambi. Purpose: To identify the determinants of vulva hygiene practices and examine their association with the incidence of abnormal vaginal discharge  among adolescent girls. Method: A quantitative study using an analytical observational approach with a cross-sectional design was conducted in April 2026. The study population comprised all 253 eleventh-grade female students at MAN 2 Kota Jambi, with a sample size of 156 respondents selected via Proportional Random Sampling based on inclusion criteria. Primary data were gathered online via Google Form questionnaires and analyzed using univariate and bivariate statistical tests (Chi-Square, α = 0.05). Results: Univariate analysis showed that 58.3% of respondents experienced abnormal vaginal discharge. Most respondents possessed good knowledge (80.8%), positive attitudes (60.3%), good vulva hygiene practices (50.6%), adequate facilities (58.3%), high exposure to reproductive health information (63.5%), family support (56.4%), peer support (58.3%), and teacher support (64.7%). Bivariate analysis revealed that factors significantly associated with vulva hygiene practices were the availability of sanitation facilities  (p=0.021), family support (p=0.015), peer support (p=0.000), and teacher support (p=0.039), while knowledge (p=0.743), attitude (p=0.844), and exposure to reproductive health information (p=0.774) showed no significant association. Furthermore, a significant correlation was found between vulva hygiene practices and the incidence of vaginal discharge (p=0.004; PR=1.697; 95% CI=1.169-2.462), indicating that adolescents with poor vulva hygiene practices have a 1.697 times higher risk of experiencing abnormal vaginal discharge. Conclusion: Vulva hygiene practices among adolescent girls  are significantly influenced by enabling factors (facilities) and reinforcing factors (family, peer, and teacher support). Inadequate vulva hygiene practices are proven to significantly increase the risk of abnormal vaginal discharge. Reproductive health promotion programs in schools are recommended to optimize sanitation facilities and strengthen social support networks to encourage proper hygiene habits.
Evaluation of minimum service standards for maternal health services at a primary health center Rts Nurul Hafizhoh Agusriani; Arnild Augina Mekarisce; Muhammad Syukri; Adila Solida
THE JOURNAL OF Mother and Child Health  Concerns Vol. 5 No. 4 (2026): July Edition 2026
Publisher : Indonesian Public Health-Observer Information Forum (IPHORR) Kerjasama dengan Persatuan Perawat Nasional Indonesia (PPNI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56922/mchc.v5i4.3543

Abstract

Background: Minimum Service Standards are mandatory benchmarks for local governments and primary healthcare facilities to ensure the provision of essential maternal health services. Their achievement is important for improving antenatal care and reducing maternal morbidity and mortality. Purpose: To evaluate the achievement of Minimum Service Standards for maternal health services. Method: This qualitative evaluative study used a descriptive approach and the logic model framework, covering input, process, and output components. The study was conducted from November 2025 to August 2026. Fourteen informants were selected purposively, including the head of the primary health center, the maternal and child health coordinating midwife, a physician responsible for the maternal and child health cluster, six implementing midwives, and five pregnant women. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and document review and were analyzed thematically. Data credibility was supported through source and method triangulation. Results: Human resources were generally adequate in number and educational qualifications, although access to technical training was uneven. Maternal health facilities and basic equipment were available, but ultrasound services were underutilized because of the reassignment of trained physicians and limited service-room capacity. Antenatal care procedures and dual recording through manual registers and the e-Cohort system were generally implemented according to standard operating procedures. However, funding constraints affected outreach activities. Coverage of the first antenatal visit was 81.8%, while coverage of the sixth antenatal visit was 71.9%, both below the national target of 100%. Delayed first visits, refusal of triple elimination screening, sociocultural beliefs, and incomplete continuity of care contributed to the low achievement. Conclusion: Maternal health Minimum Service Standards at Penyengat Olak Primary Health Center have not yet reached the national target despite generally adequate human resources and service procedures. Improving technical capacity, continuity of antenatal care, community education, outreach financing, and cross-sectoral collaboration is necessary to improve maternal health service coverage.
Effect of a turmeric–tamarind drink on menstrual pain intensity among adolescent girls Marchella Audina; Eures Pinka
THE JOURNAL OF Mother and Child Health  Concerns Vol. 5 No. 3 (2026): June Edition 2026
Publisher : Indonesian Public Health-Observer Information Forum (IPHORR) Kerjasama dengan Persatuan Perawat Nasional Indonesia (PPNI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56922/mchc.v5i3.3552

Abstract

Background: Dysmenorrhea is one of the most common gynecological problems experienced by adolescent girls during menstruation. Menstrual pain can disrupt daily activities, concentration, academic performance, and quality of life. Non-pharmacological therapies have been widely used to reduce menstrual pain, one of which is tamarind and turmeric therapy. Tamarind and turmeric contain curcumin and anthocyanins, which have anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antispasmodic properties, which can help reduce prostaglandin production and uterine contractions. Purpose: To determine and analyze the effect of tamarind and turmeric therapy on reducing menstrual pain intensity in adolescent girls. Method: This study used a quantitative pre-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest approach. The sample consisted of 40 adolescent girls experiencing dysmenorrhea and were selected using purposive sampling. Pain intensity was measured using a Numeric Rating Scale (NRS). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. Results: Before the intervention, most respondents experienced moderate to severe menstrual pain with an average pain score of 6.35. After receiving tamarind and turmeric therapy, the average pain score decreased to 2.95. The Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test showed a significance value of p = 0.000 (p < 0.05), indicating a statistically significant reduction in menstrual pain intensity after the intervention. Conclusion: Tamarind and turmeric therapy significantly reduced menstrual pain intensity in adolescent girls.
Preeclampsia severity and low birth weight among newborns Sri Yekti Widadi; Siti Rissaadah; Wieda Widyatry Qarragitha; Tantri Puspita; Neng Wida
THE JOURNAL OF Mother and Child Health  Concerns Vol. 5 No. 3 (2026): June Edition 2026
Publisher : Indonesian Public Health-Observer Information Forum (IPHORR) Kerjasama dengan Persatuan Perawat Nasional Indonesia (PPNI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56922/mchc.v5i3.3588

Abstract

Background: Severe preeclampsia remains a major obstetric complication contributing to maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Impaired uteroplacental perfusion associated with severe preeclampsia may restrict fetal growth and increase the risk of low birth weight (LBW). However, previous studies have reported inconsistent findings regarding this association. Purpose: To examine the relationship between severe preeclampsia and low birth weight (LBW) incidents. Method: A quantitative correlational study with a a retrospective analytical study design was conducted. A total of 97 respondents were selected through purposive sampling from 544 eligible delivery cases. Secondary data were obtained from maternal and neonatal medical records. Univariate analysis was used to describe respondent characteristics, while the Chi-square test was employed for bivariate analysis with a significance level of p<0.05. Results: The majority of mothers experienced severe preeclampsia (60.8%), and most infants were born with LBW (61.9%). Statistical analysis revealed a significant association between severe preeclampsia and LBW incidence (p=0.018). Mothers with severe preeclampsia were more likely to deliver LBW infants (43.3%) compared with those without severe preeclampsia (18.6%). Conclusion: Severe preeclampsia is significantly associated with the occurrence of LBW. These findings highlight the importance of early detection, close monitoring, and effective management of preeclampsia during pregnancy to reduce the risk of LBW and improve maternal and neonatal health outcomes.
Factors associated with stunting among children under five Sohibun Sohibun; Wagiran Wagiran; Dian Ika Pratiwi; Rizki Amartani; Paskalia Tri Kurniati; Khairulisni Saniati; Akhmad Akhmad
THE JOURNAL OF Mother and Child Health  Concerns Vol. 5 No. 3 (2026): June Edition 2026
Publisher : Indonesian Public Health-Observer Information Forum (IPHORR) Kerjasama dengan Persatuan Perawat Nasional Indonesia (PPNI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56922/mchc.v5i3.3593

Abstract

Background: The incidence of stunting cannot be separated from the many factors that cause the risk of stunting. In Piasak village, Selimbau District, there are still many stunting incidents occurring. Factors such as the weight of toddlers, exclusive breastfeeding, nutritional knowledge of toddlers, basic sanitation of toddlers and economic status are thought to be the reasons for the high incidence of stunting there. Purpose: to find the relationship between the factors that cause stunting and the most dominant ones that cause stunting. Method: The research method used is quantitative descriptive using a questionnaire to 100 respondents as a data collection tool, then it will be analyzed using the chi-square test, and crosstabs and linear regression using SPSS. Results: The results of the research stated that there was a significant influence of the toddler's weight (p value=0.00), toddler's nutritional knowledge (p value=0.00), and basic sanitation of toddlers (p value=0.029) and there was no influence of exclusive breastfeeding. (p value = 0.670) and family economic status (p value = 0.266). Conclusion: The nutritional knowledge factor of toddlers is the most dominant factor influencing the incidence of stunting with the beta coefficient being the farthest away from 0 (β= -0.572).
Combined infant massage and kangaroo mother care for weight gain in a low-birth-weight infant: A nursing case study Regina Natalia; Filza Fadhila; Fasida Dharma Yudastoro
THE JOURNAL OF Mother and Child Health  Concerns Vol. 5 No. 4 (2026): July Edition 2026
Publisher : Indonesian Public Health-Observer Information Forum (IPHORR) Kerjasama dengan Persatuan Perawat Nasional Indonesia (PPNI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56922/mchc.v5i4.3670

Abstract

Background: Low-birth-weight infants are vulnerable to feeding difficulties, hypothermia, impaired growth, and nutritional problems because of physiological immaturity. Infant massage and kangaroo mother care are non-pharmacological nursing interventions that may support physiological stability, breastfeeding, and weight gain. Purpose: To describe the implementation of infant massage and kangaroo mother care in supporting weight gain in a low-birth-weight infant. Method: A nursing case study was conducted using the nursing care process. The participant was one clinically stable low-birth-weight infant with a nursing diagnosis of risk for nutritional deficit. Data were collected through nursing assessment, physical examination, observation, medical record review, and daily body-weight monitoring. Infant massage and kangaroo mother care were implemented according to hospital procedures during five days of hospitalization. Results: The infant’s body weight increased from 2,150 g to 2,300 g over five days. Improvement was also observed in sucking ability and general clinical condition. No adverse events related to the interventions were reported during the observation period. Conclusion: Infant massage and kangaroo mother care may support weight gain and clinical stability in low-birth-weight infants. However, findings from a single case should be interpreted cautiously, and further studies with larger samples and longer follow-up are needed.
Effect of WhatsApp-based education on the knowledge and attitudes of integrated health service post cadres toward anemia prevention in children under five Gayuh Siska Laksananno; Trimar Handayani; Sadar Prihandana
THE JOURNAL OF Mother and Child Health  Concerns Vol. 5 No. 4 (2026): July Edition 2026
Publisher : Indonesian Public Health-Observer Information Forum (IPHORR) Kerjasama dengan Persatuan Perawat Nasional Indonesia (PPNI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56922/mchc.v5i4.3869

Abstract

Background: Anemia in children under five remains a major public health problem in Indonesia because it can affect growth, cognitive development, and immune function. Integrated health service post cadres play an important role in community-based anemia prevention programs. However, limited knowledge and attitudes among cadres may reduce the effectiveness of health promotion activities. Digital health education through WhatsApp has become a practical and accessible educational medium for improving cadre capacity. Purpose: To assess changes in integrated health service post cadres’ knowledge and attitudes regarding anemia prevention in children under five after receiving WhatsApp-based education. Method: This study used a pre-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest approach. The study was conducted from April to June 2026 involving 40 Integrated health service post cadres from eight public health centers in Tegal City. Data were collected using knowledge and attitude questionnaires before and after the educational intervention delivered through WhatsApp. Data analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. Results: Before the intervention, most respondents had poor knowledge (47.5%) and moderate attitudes (40%) regarding anemia prevention in children under five. After the intervention, the proportion of respondents with good knowledge increased to 65%, while positive attitudes increased to 55%. The Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test showed a significant improvement in knowledge (Z = -5.214; p < 0.001) and attitudes (Z = -4.112; p < 0.001) after the WhatsApp-based education intervention. Conclusion: WhatsApp-based education was effective in improving the knowledge and attitudes of Integrated health service post cadres regarding anemia prevention among children under five in Tegal City. WhatsApp can be used as an alternative digital health education medium because it is flexible, accessible, and supports continuous learning among community health cadres.
Association between husband support, maternal anxiety, and childbirth preparedness among third-trimester pregnant women Siti Haryani; Cucuk Kunang Sari
THE JOURNAL OF Mother and Child Health  Concerns Vol. 5 No. 4 (2026): July Edition 2026
Publisher : Indonesian Public Health-Observer Information Forum (IPHORR) Kerjasama dengan Persatuan Perawat Nasional Indonesia (PPNI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56922/mchc.v5i4.3598

Abstract

Background: Childbirth is often accompanied by psychological challenges, particularly anxiety among women in the third trimester of pregnancy. Elevated maternal anxiety may negatively affect childbirth preparedness and pregnancy outcomes. Husband support has been recognized as an important psychosocial factor that may reduce maternal anxiety and enhance readiness for childbirth. However, evidence regarding the relationship between husband support, anxiety, and childbirth preparedness remains limited in primary healthcare settings. Purpose: To examine the relationship between husband support, maternal anxiety level, and childbirth preparedness among third-trimester pregnant women. Methods: A quantitative analytical study with a cross-sectional design was conducted from February to March 2025 at the Cipondoh Public Health Center. A total of 88 third-trimester pregnant women were recruited using purposive sampling based on predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were collected using structured questionnaires assessing husband support, maternal anxiety level, and childbirth preparedness. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize respondents' characteristics, while the Chi-square test was performed to determine the associations between husband support, anxiety level, and childbirth preparedness. Statistical significance was established at p < 0.05. Results: Most respondents were aged 21–35 years (83.0%), had completed senior high school education (51.1%), were employed (84.1%), and were primigravida (55.7%). Significant associations were found between husband support and maternal anxiety level (p < 0.001), maternal anxiety level and childbirth preparedness (p < 0.001), and husband support and childbirth preparedness (p < 0.001). Women who received husband support were more likely to experience mild anxiety and demonstrate better preparedness for childbirth than those who did not receive support. Conclusion: Husband support is significantly associated with lower maternal anxiety and improved childbirth preparedness among third-trimester pregnant women. Strengthening husband involvement during antenatal care may contribute to better maternal psychological well-being and enhance preparedness for childbirth.  
Effectiveness of prenatal yoga in reducing low back pain among pregnant women: A systematic literature review Ni Nyoman Rai Warsiki; Ni Luh Putu Sri Erawati; Ni Wayan Armini
THE JOURNAL OF Mother and Child Health  Concerns Vol. 5 No. 4 (2026): July Edition 2026
Publisher : Indonesian Public Health-Observer Information Forum (IPHORR) Kerjasama dengan Persatuan Perawat Nasional Indonesia (PPNI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56922/mchc.v5i4.3660

Abstract

Background: Low back pain is one of the most common musculoskeletal complaints experienced during pregnancy, particularly in the second and third trimesters. Physiological and biomechanical changes during pregnancy may impair maternal mobility, daily activities, sleep quality, and overall well-being. Prenatal yoga has been increasingly recommended as a safe non-pharmacological intervention to alleviate pregnancy-related back pain; however, comprehensive evidence regarding its effectiveness remains necessary. Purpose: To systematically identify, evaluate, and synthesize the available evidence regarding the effectiveness of prenatal yoga in reducing low back pain among pregnant women. Method: This study employed a systematic literature review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Literature searches were conducted in PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and Garuda databases. Articles published between 2021 and 2025 in English or Indonesian were screened according to predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Studies involving pregnant women receiving prenatal yoga interventions with back pain as an outcome were included. Ten eligible studies consisting of randomized controlled trials, quasi-experimental studies, and systematic reviews were analyzed narratively. Results: The findings consistently demonstrated that prenatal yoga effectively reduced the intensity of low back pain among pregnant women. The intervention improved muscle flexibility, posture, balance, and physical function while decreasing muscle tension. In addition to pain reduction, prenatal yoga contributed to better sleep quality, lower stress and anxiety levels, enhanced relaxation, and improved maternal quality of life during pregnancy. Conclusion: Prenatal yoga is an effective, safe, and feasible complementary intervention for reducing low back pain during pregnancy, particularly in the second and third trimesters. Incorporating prenatal yoga into routine antenatal care may improve both physical and psychological well-being among pregnant women.
Association of parity and age at menarche with molecular subtypes of invasive breast cancer Resti Arania; Amirah Zhafira Rizqiyanda; Zaleha Ulfa; Wien Wiratmoko
THE JOURNAL OF Mother and Child Health  Concerns Vol. 5 No. 4 (2026): July Edition 2026
Publisher : Indonesian Public Health-Observer Information Forum (IPHORR) Kerjasama dengan Persatuan Perawat Nasional Indonesia (PPNI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56922/mchc.v5i4.3675

Abstract

Background: Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy among women worldwide and remains a major public health concern. Reproductive factors, including parity and age at menarche, influence cumulative lifetime estrogen exposure and may contribute to the biological characteristics of breast cancer. However, evidence regarding their association with molecular subtypes of invasive breast cancer remains limited, particularly in Indonesia. Purpose: To determine the association between parity and age at menarche with the molecular subtypes of invasive breast cancer among patients treated. Methods: This analytic observational study employed a cross-sectional design using secondary data from medical records of 125 patients diagnosed with invasive breast cancer in 2025. Participants were selected using random sampling based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The independent variables were parity and age at menarche, while the dependent variable was the molecular subtype of invasive breast cancer determined by immunohistochemistry. Univariate analysis was used to describe participant characteristics, and bivariate analysis was performed using the Chi-square test. The strength of the associations was measured using Odds Ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Statistical significance was established at p<0.05. Results: Most participants had a normal-to-late age at menarche (60.0%) and were multiparous or grand multiparous (52.0%). Luminal B was the predominant molecular subtype (32.0%), followed by Luminal A (27.2%), HER2 (22.4%), and Triple-Negative (18.4%). A significant association was observed between parity and molecular subtype (p=0.003; OR=0.282; 95% CI=0.119–0.672). Age at menarche was also significantly associated with molecular subtype (p=0.002; OR=0.229; 95% CI=0.087–0.606). Women with early menarche and nulliparity or primiparity were more likely to present with non-Luminal A molecular subtypes. Conclusion: Parity and age at menarche were significantly associated with the molecular subtypes of invasive breast cancer. Early menarche and low parity were more frequently associated with aggressive non-Luminal A molecular subtypes, highlighting the importance of reproductive history in breast cancer risk assessment and individualized management.

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