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Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta
ISSN : 24606065     EISSN : 25483013     DOI : 10.15408/jkv
Core Subject : Science,
Chemistry
Jurnal Kimia Valensi is a biannual and peer-reviewed open access journal published by Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. This journal covering all aspect of chemistry.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 425 Documents
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Comparison of Maceration and Soxhletation Methods on the Antioxidant Activity of the Bouea macrophylla Griff Plant Rudiana, Tarso; Nurbayti, Siti; Ashari, Tiara Hadi; Zhorif, Sherina Arestia; Suryani, Nani
Jurnal Kimia Valensi Jurnal Kimia VALENSI Volume 9, No. 2, November 2023
Publisher : Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/jkv.v9i2.35239

Abstract

The impact of extraction methods on the potency of plant extracts is crucial. Bouea macrophylla Griff., a tropical fruit plant rich in phenolic and flavonoid compounds, exhibits strong antioxidant activity. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of maceration and soxhletation extraction techniques on B. macrophylla plants on antioxidant activity in vitro using the method of inhibiting DPPH radical compounds. Ethyl acetate and ethanol solvents were utilized to macerate and soxhlet all parts of the plant. Subsequently, each extract was subjected to quantitative analysis for antioxidant activity, total phenolic, and flavonoid content through UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Quantitative analysis revealed substantial antioxidant activity and notable levels of total phenolic and flavonoid content across all plant parts. The result indicated that although both maceration and soxhletation showed a significant impact on yield (p=0.009) and total flavonoids (p=0.038), significant differences in antioxidant activity (p=0.409) or total phenolics (p=0.874) within the plant extracts of B. macrophylla were not observed at a significance level of 5%.
Dealumination Effect on ZSM-5 as a Bimetal Fe-Co Support for The Oxidative Desulfurization Process Catalyst Adhani, Lisa; Susanto, Bambang Heru; Nasikin, Mohammad
Jurnal Kimia Valensi Jurnal Kimia VALENSI, Volume 10, No. 1, May 2024
Publisher : Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/jkv.v10i1.38456

Abstract

Petroleum fuel is still the main energy source today but causes environmental problems such as SOx gas emissions. The Oxidative Desulfurization (ODS) method removes sulfur from fuel under mild conditions. ZSM-5 is a catalyst framework considered promising in the ODS process but the small pores cause a steric barrier. The hydrophobic, mesoporous Fe-Co/ZSM-5Hierarchy catalyst was designed using the dealumination method with steam treatment to overcome the steric barrier and biphasic hindrances which are problems in this ODS process. The Fe-Co/ZSM-5Hierarchy catalyst is effective for the ODS process at a temperature of 45 °C, 45 min, the amount of catalyst used is 0.2 g, oxidant at an O/S ratio of 2, and without mass transfer agents. The embedded Fe-Co ratio shows effective mass activity by providing a TOF number of 205 h-1 on the Fe-Co(5)/ZSM-5 Hierarchy and 157 h-1 on the Fe-Co(15)/ZSM-5 Hierarchy catalyst.
Synthesis of ZnO-TiO2 Nanoparticles by Sol-Gel Process and its Application for Solar Cell Semiconductor Saridewi, Nanda; Riyanti, Aditya; Aziz, Isalmi; Niski Kumila, Biaunik; Lian Risa Adinda, Ade
Jurnal Kimia Valensi Jurnal Kimia VALENSI Volume 9, No. 2, November 2023
Publisher : Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/jkv.v9i2.32206

Abstract

ZnO-TiO2 semiconductor can be used in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC) devices as an alternative to renewable energy. This semiconductor can be synthesized by sol-gel method. The objective of this study is synthesizing the TiO2-doped ZnO nanoparticle semiconductors for DSSC devices with mangosteen peel extract dye. Avocado seeds were extracted with water, as a capping agent in the synthesis of ZnO-TiO2 (TiO2 ratio of 0,3,5,7 and 10% to ZnO). XRD results show the success of ZnO-TiO2 doping, due to the 2θ shift and changes in the crystal lattice. The average crystal size obtained was 33.7972 nm. The SEM results showed that the particle size of ZnO ranged from 45-100 nm. The UV-Vis dye measurements of mangosteen peel extract showed an absorption peak at 296-483 nm wavelength, with a corresponding band gap energy value of 3.04 eV. The UV-Vis DRS ZnO-TiO2 measurements have an average band gap energy of 3.1425 eV and ZnOof 3.1915 eV. The highest DSSC efficiency value is 2.15 x 10-2% at 7% ZnO-TiO2 semiconductor.
Modified Bacterial Cellulose-Based Composite Profile for Drug Release of Tetracycline Hydrochloride Cahyani, Ni Wayan Chyntia Pramesti; Yuanita, Emmy; Dharmayani, Ni Komang Tri; Sudirman, Sudirman; Sudewianingsih, Ni Made; Ulfa, Maria
Jurnal Kimia Valensi Jurnal Kimia VALENSI, Volume 10, No. 1, May 2024
Publisher : Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/jkv.v10i1.37663

Abstract

Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a biodegradable natural polymer with high mechanical strength and non-toxicity. This biopolymer is widely used as a candidate in biomedical fields, such as drug delivery, wound healing, and filtration systems. However, BC lacks antibacterial activity which limits its use in biomedical applications. So, modification of BC-based composite is required. This study aims to examine the effects of modifying BC-based composites with fillers such as graphite (G) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) on the release of tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) drugs. Adding fillers to BC can alter its physical and mechanical properties, reducing its porosity and swelling rate in acidic and alkaline mediums. The drug release of TCH from modified BC-based composites follows the Korsmeyer-Peppas and Hixson-Crowell kinetics models. Adding filler and TCH antibiotic to the composite enhances its antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus with a significant inhibition zone. The results of the inhibition zone show that composites have the potential to be applied in biomedical fields, especially in transdermal patches.
Green Metrics Evaluation on The Cannizzaro Reaction of p-Anisaldehyde and Benzaldehyde Under Solvent-Free Conditions Firdaus, Maulidan; Firdausi, Nisrina Rahma; Rahmana, Desy Nila; Kusumaningsih, Triana
Jurnal Kimia Valensi Jurnal Kimia VALENSI Volume 9, No. 2, November 2023
Publisher : Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/jkv.v9i2.35641

Abstract

In the pursuit of environmentally responsible chemical processes, we conducted a thorough assessment of the green metrics associated with the Cannizzaro reaction using p-anisaldehyde and benzaldehyde under solvent-free conditions. This research elaborates the application of two different methods i.e., reflux and ultrasonication, applying potassium hydroxide (KOH) as the reagent. The progress of the Cannizzaro reaction was methodically followed via thin-layer chromatography (TLC), and the resulting products were characterized using various techniques, including melting point analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). To measure the environmental impact and sustainability of these reactions, a multifaceted approach was used. Green metrics were evaluated by the state-of-the-art Environmental Assessment Tool for Organic Syntheses (EATOS) software, combined with the Andraos algorithm. Moreover, energy consumption calculations were evaluated. Reasonable analysis of the green metrics results was undertaken in the framework of prevailing literature, permitting to measure the level of eco-friendliness attained. Experimental findings revealed optimal conditions for the Cannizzaro reaction concerning p-anisaldehyde at a temperature of 50 °C for 90 minutes, resulting in remarkable of p-anisyl alcohol and p-anisic acid in 95.16% and 95.04% yields, respectively. Likewise, the reaction involving benzaldehyde reached its peak performance at 50 °C for 2 hours, giving benzyl alcohol and benzoic acid in 96.17% and 97.22% yields, respectively. Overall, the green metrics assessment and energy consumption calculations reliably confirmed that the solvent-free Cannizzaro reaction, when performed via ultrasonication, offers a reasonably greener and more energy-efficient method than the traditional ones. This research highlights the importance of sustainable chemical synthesis practices and their potential to reduce the environmental footprint of chemical processes.
Synthesis of Carboxylated Chitosan Amide Using Some Cyclic Anhydride and Their Activities as Antifungal Ismiyarto, Ismiyarto; Mumtazati, Qonita; Pandelaki, Elmi Christi Julia; Fachriyah, Enny; Ngadiwiyana, Ngadiwiyana; Sarjono, Purbowatiningrum Ria; Prasetya, Nor Basid Adiwibawa
Jurnal Kimia Valensi Jurnal Kimia VALENSI Volume 9, No. 2, November 2023
Publisher : Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/jkv.v9i2.35244

Abstract

Chitosan is a natural polymer that has antifungal activity. It is necessary to modify chitosan into its derivatives to increase its activity. One modification of chitosan that has the potential to be developed as an antifungal is carboxylated chitosan amide because this chitosan derivative contains a carboxylic group and is more hydrophilic. This research aims to synthesize chitosan amide carboxylate using several cyclic anhydride compounds and test its antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus. The cyclic anhydrides used in this research are maleic anhydride and phthalic anhydride. In the initial stage of chitosan amide carboxylate synthesis, reaction optimization was carried out at varying temperatures of 25, 50, and 72oC for 7 hours. Compound characterization was carried out using FTIR and UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The disc diffusion method tested the chitosan amide carboxylate product for its antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus. The optimal MCA (Maleoyl Chitosan Amide) product is (MCA_50), synthesized at a reaction temperature of 50oC. Under these optimal reaction conditions, PCA_50 (Pthaloyl Chitosan Amide) was successfully synthesized to produce a brownish-yellow solid with a yield of 46.1% (w/w) and a degree of substitution (DS) of 41.93%. The diameter of the inhibition zone against Aspergillus flavus for PCA_50 was 30 mm at the 12th hour of observation. The product (PCA_50) has better antifungal activity than chitosan and MCA_50.
Amino Acids Isolation from α-keratin of Javanese Goat (Capra hircus) Hair and Garut Sheep (Ovis aries) Hair Waste Using Acid Hydrolysis Method as BCAA Supplement Firdaus, Dzikri Anfasa; Andrianto, Dimas; Darmawan, Noviyan
Jurnal Kimia Valensi Jurnal Kimia VALENSI, Volume 10, No. 1, May 2024
Publisher : Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/jkv.v10i1.38146

Abstract

Javanese goat and Garut sheep hair contain α-keratin, a protein that can be broken by hydrolysis to produce simpler amino acids. Feather waste generates millions of tons of α-keratin biomass originating from animal slaughterhouses, thereby raising health concerns. The utilization of acid hydrolysis is considered to be more cost-effective compared to enzymatic hydrolysis, and it provides a broader range of amino acid cleavage sites compared to enzymes, which exhibit specific cleavage. This study aimed to isolate amino acids from Javanese goat and Garut sheep hair through acid hydrolysis. The methods included hair sample preparation, acid hydrolysis used 6 M HCL at 110°C, reflux isolation, amino acid separation based on isoelectric pH 4.9 –5.4, functional groups analysis using FTIR, and analysis of amino acid content by HPLC methods. The results showed that the yield produced after isolation on Javanese goat hair samples was 0.92% and Garut sheep hair 0.32%, respectively. The FTIR spectrum showed amino acid functional groups in both samples, including carboxyl (COOH), amine (C-N primer), (C-S disulfide), and amide I (-CONH2). Successful breakdown of α-keratin proteins into simpler amino acids was achieved for Javanese goat and Garut sheep hair. Amino acid analysis of Javanese goat hair isolates revealed the presence of aspartic acid, threonine, serine, glutamate, proline, glycine, alanine, valine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, histidine, lysine, and arginine amino acids, respectively. The highest content was isoleucine at 0.60% w/w. In conclusion, the isolated amino acids from Javanese goat hair can be used as a halal supplement that serves as nutrition in the body.
Radiolabeling and In-Silico Study of 131I-(4-fluorobenzoyl-3-methylthiourea) as Radiopharmaceuticals for Breast Cancer Theranostics Pratama, Febby; Ruswanto, Ruswanto; Nofianti, Tita; Pratita, Anindita Tri Kusuma; Daruwati, Isti; Susilo, Veronika Yulianti; Holik, Holis Abdul
Jurnal Kimia Valensi Jurnal Kimia VALENSI, Volume 10, No. 1, May 2024
Publisher : Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/jkv.v10i1.34258

Abstract

The chemicals produced from thiourea are actively being studied as anticancer possibilities. In complexes with radionuclides like Iodine-131, the 1-(4-Fluorobenzoyl)-3-methyl thiourea is a promising ligand for theragnostic applications. This study aimed to label 1-(4-fluorobenzoyl-3-methylthiourea) with iodine-131 and observe its interaction with breast cancer receptors. The radiolabeling of 131I-(4-fluorobenzoyl-3-methylthiourea) uses the radioiodination method with Chloramine-T, and an in-silico investigation of breast cancer receptors was conducted. According to the results of molecular docking using AutoDockTools, this radiopharmaceutical molecule has the best activity on the HER2 receptor (PDB ID: 3PP0) compared to the native ligand and control positive, with a binding affinity of -6.13 kcal/mol and a Ki value of 32.05 mM. According to the molecular dynamics data using Desmond, the radiopharmaceutical molecule 131I-(4-Fluorobenzoyl-3-methylthiourea) displays good stability starting from the 50ns range. The indirect radioiodination method has successfully labeled 1-(4-Fluorobenzoyl-3-methylthiourea) with iodine-131.
Synthesis and Characterization of Optical Properties of Carbon Quantum Dots (CQD) Based on Mustard Green (Brassica juncea L) Leaf with Urea Addition Yuniarti, Elvan; Nurlaela, Ai
Jurnal Kimia Valensi Jurnal Kimia VALENSI Volume 9, No. 2, November 2023
Publisher : Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/jkv.v9i2.34164

Abstract

Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are a class of fluorescent carbon nanomaterials. Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) were synthesized in this work from Mustard Leaves (Brassica juncea L) with the Addition of Urea via a microwave-assisted reflux method. This research aims to characterize CQDs' optical properties, energy gap, and emission under UV light computationally and experimentally. The studied optical properties obtained the maximum absorption peak observed from the UV-Vis spectrum of CQDs without urea shown at 233 nm. The UV-Vis spectrum of CQDs with the addition of urea (1 g, 1.5 g, and 2 g urea) has maximum absorption peaks at 424 nm, 422 nm, and 418 nm. The addition of urea causes a shift in the peak of the UV-Vis absorption spectrum towards red wavelengths (redshift). CQDs display bright green emissions when exposed to UV irradiation. In this work, the structures of CQDs of various forms (CQD-24, CQD-54, CQD-24-NH2, CQD-54-NH2) are theoretically studied in detail, and the results present both models (CQD-24, CQD-54) shows that the calculation results are in accordance with the experimental results, namely having a maximum UV-Vis absorption at 233 nm and in the range 200-400 nm. The results of calculations based on experiments show the same trend, namely that with the addition of urea, there is a shift in the absorption peak (redshift). The gap energy obtained also decreased with the addition of urea. CQDs solution emits yellow-green light.
Component Discrimination and Anti-skin-aging Potency of Emprit and Red Ginger Essential Oil: Chemometric, Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamics Study Badrunanto, Badrunanto; Asoka, Shadila Fira; Wahyuni, Wulan Tri; Farid, Muhammad; Wahyudi, Setyanto Tri; Batubara, Irmanida
Jurnal Kimia Valensi Jurnal Kimia VALENSI Volume 9, No. 2, November 2023
Publisher : Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/jkv.v9i2.32765

Abstract

Emprit and red ginger essential oils (EOs) are natural sources of antioxidants that have the potential to be used in cosmetics, one of which is as an anti-skin-aging. The aim of this study was to determine the component differences and anti-skin-aging potential of the two EOs. The components were determined by GC-MS, while discrimination was done by chemometric. The potential of the components as the anti-skin-aging were evaluated by molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. A total 66 components were identified in both EOs, where eucalyptol (17.92%) and camphene (15.12%) were the main component in emprit and red ginger, respectively. Chemometric analysis revealed two discriminant clusters highlighting their dissimilarity with germacrene D and α-zingiberene are the key markers for differentiation. The docking and MD simulations were demonstrated the four main components of emprit EO, namely α-curcumene, α-zingiberene, β-bisabolene and β-sesquiphellandrene, have the best docking scores and interact with the enzymes with a relatively stable interaction. AdmetSAR evaluation of the four components has shown good bioavailability and declared safe. This study succeeded in revealing two ginger EOs differences based on their components and demonstrated the emprit ginger EO was more promising as a natural anti-skin-aging agent for further research.

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