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FENOMENA: Journal of Social Science
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember
ISSN : 14125439     EISSN : 26567369     DOI : https://doi.org/10.35719/fenomena.v22i2
Core Subject : Social,
Social Sciences
Aims, Focus And Scope A. Aims: FENOMENA is a leading peer-reviewed and open-access journal, which publishes scholarly works of researchers and scholars from around the world and specializes in the Social Sciences. The journal also has a strong interest in the scientific development of theory that is of global significance. B. Focus: This journal focuses on publishing the highest quality scientific articles emphasizing contemporary Asian issues with interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary approaches. C. Scope: This journal seeks to publish articles that deal with educational development, politics, law, humanities and cultural studies, and economic issues in Asia. Its scope consists of: 1. Education (Curriculums, Teaching, and Learning, Islamic Education, Educational Technology); 2. Politics (Structure and Agency in Social Dynamics, the Role of Government and Non-Governmental Organizations, Concepts and Practical Sociology, Islamic Politics, Government and Public Administration); 3. Law (Human Rights, Social Justice, Islamic Law, Criminal Law, International Relations, Civil Law, Constitutional Law, Customary Law); 4. Humanities and Cultural Studies (Cultural Studies as a Constitutive field, Religion Studies, Islamic Studies, Philosophy, Ethics, Consciousness, Cross-cultural studies, Theology, Psychology, Spirituality, Human Geography, Anthropology, Local Wisdom); 5. Economics (Business and Entrepreneurship, Management, Accounting, Public Finance, Economic Development, and Islamic Economics).
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Sosial (Lain-Lain)
Articles 576 Documents
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Posisi Islam Pesantren dalam Pluralisme Agama: Studi Kasus Pesantren Lirboyo Kediri: The Position of Islamic Boarding Schools in Religious Pluralism: A Case Study of Lirboyo Islamic Boarding School, Kediri Muniron Muniron
Fenomena Vol 6 No 2 (2007): FENOMENA: Jurnal Penelitian Islam Indonesia
Publisher : LP2M Universitas Islam Negeri Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/fenomena.v6i2.407

Abstract

This research examines the position of Pesantren Islam in the context of religious pluralism, focusing on doctrinal and methodological potentials that may lead to intolerant or tolerant behavior. It is based on the classification of normative-doctrinal Islam and empirical-historical Islam. The aim is to describe and analyze the position of Pesantren Islam, both doctrinally and in its approach to study, in responding to religious pluralism. The research employs a qualitative approach with a case study design at Pesantren Lirboyo Kediri. Data were collected through interviews, observation, and document study, then analyzed using an induction-interpretation-conceptualization model. The results show that, doctrinally, discriminatory texts against non-Muslims are present, and, methodologically, the Islamic study approach is predominantly theological. However, because Islam is understood contextually and comprehensively, based on core Islamic values, these negative potentials are not actualized. Instead, the pesantren demonstrates tolerant and accommodative behavior toward followers of other religions. In conclusion, the position of Pesantren Islam Lirboyo supports a conducive atmosphere for religious pluralism in Kediri, and strengthening a contextual approach in the study of classical Islamic texts is recommended. Penelitian ini membahas posisi Islam pesantren dalam konteks pluralisme agama, dengan fokus pada potensi doktrinal dan metodologis yang dapat melahirkan perilaku intoleran atau toleran. Penelitian ini didasarkan pada kerangka klasifikasi Islam normatif-doktrinal dan Islam empiris-historis. Tujuannya adalah mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis posisi Islam pesantren, baik dari aspek doktrin maupun pendekatan studinya, dalam merespons realitas pluralisme agama. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus di Pesantren Lirboyo Kediri. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara, observasi, dan studi dokumen, lalu dianalisis dengan model induksi-interpretasi-konseptualisasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara doktrinal ditemukan teks-teks diskriminatif terhadap non-muslim, dan secara metodologis pendekatan studi Islam lebih bersifat teologis. Namun, karena Islam dipahami secara kontekstual dan komprehensif berdasarkan nilai-nilai dasar Islam, potensi negatif tersebut tidak teraktualisasi. Sebaliknya, pesantren menunjukkan perilaku toleran dan akomodatif terhadap pemeluk agama lain. Kesimpulannya, posisi Islam Pesantren Lirboyo mendukung terciptanya suasana kondusif bagi pluralisme agama di Kediri, dan direkomendasikan penguatan pendekatan kontekstual dalam studi kitab kuning.
Muslim Tionghoa Kota Bogor: Studi Kasus Partisipasi Politik pada Pemilu dan Pilpres Tahun 2004: Chinese Muslims in Bogor City: A Case Study of Political Participation in the 2004 Legislative and Presidential Elections Mahrus Mahrus
Fenomena Vol 6 No 2 (2007): FENOMENA: Jurnal Penelitian Islam Indonesia
Publisher : LP2M Universitas Islam Negeri Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/fenomena.v6i2.408

Abstract

The political dynamics of Chinese Muslims in post-Suharto Indonesia reflect a complex intersection of ethnic and religious identity, particularly during democratic events such as the 2004 General and Presidential Elections. This study explores the political participation of Chinese Muslims in Bogor City, a minority group that remains largely invisible within local political structures. The research aims to analyse the extent and forms of their political engagement and to identify whether ethnic or religious factors primarily influence their voting behaviour. A qualitative approach was employed, combining historical and ethnographic methods, including participant observation, in-depth interviews, life story analysis, and documentary review. The findings reveal that the political participation of Chinese Muslims in Bogor falls into the minimal participation category, characterised almost exclusively by voting on election days. No individual or collective political actions, such as campaigning or joining political discussions, were observed. This passivity is attributed to their relatively small population, the absence of prominent community leaders, and their predominantly lower-middle-class socioeconomic background. Although some key figures exist, they remain reluctant to publicly identify themselves. In conclusion, while Chinese Muslims in Bogor exercise their voting rights, their broader political engagement is limited. Recommendations include the need for communal organisation and leadership development to enhance future participation. Dinamika politik Muslim Tionghoa di Indonesia pasca-Suharto menunjukkan persinggungan kompleks antara identitas etnis dan agama, terutama dalam peristiwa demokrasi seperti Pemilu dan Pilpres 2004. Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi partisipasi politik Muslim Tionghoa di Kota Bogor, kelompok minoritas yang masih belum tampak dalam struktur politik lokal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis bentuk dan tingkat partisipasi politik mereka serta mengidentifikasi apakah faktor etnis atau agama yang lebih memengaruhi perilaku memilih. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode historis dan etnografi, melalui observasi terlibat, wawancara mendalam, analisis riwayat hidup, dan studi dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa partisipasi politik Muslim Tionghoa di Bogor termasuk dalam kategori partisipasi minimalis, yang hanya diwujudkan dengan pemberian suara saat pemungutan suara. Tidak ditemukan bentuk partisipasi individu atau kolektif lainnya, seperti kampanye atau diskusi politik. Hal ini disebabkan oleh jumlah populasi yang relatif sedikit, tidak adanya tokoh dominan, serta latar belakang ekonomi menengah ke bawah. Meskipun terdapat beberapa tokoh kunci, mereka masih enggan mengungkapkan identitasnya secara terbuka. Kesimpulannya, Muslim Tionghoa Bogor menggunakan hak pilihnya, tetapi keterlibatan politik yang lebih luas masih sangat terbatas. Rekomendasi penelitian ini adalah perlunya wadah organisasi dan pengembangan kepemimpinan untuk meningkatkan partisipasi politik ke depan.
Karakteristik Etika dalam Pelarangan Riba pada Masa Awal Islam: Ethical Characteristics in the Prohibition of Usury in the Early Period of Islam M. Syaiful Anam
Fenomena Vol 6 No 2 (2007): FENOMENA: Jurnal Penelitian Islam Indonesia
Publisher : LP2M Universitas Islam Negeri Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/fenomena.v6i2.409

Abstract

The prohibition of riba in early Islam addressed a deeply entrenched socioeconomic practice in Hijazi society that led to exploitation, inequality, and even slavery. This study aims to uncover the ethical characteristics underlying Islam's gradual response to riba. Using a descriptive ethics approach and flexibly applying teleological and deontological frameworks, this qualitative literary research analyzes historical-anthropological and normative data from the Makkan and Medinan periods. The main findings reveal that Islam's response occurred in two stages: first, an intellectual rejection without practical prohibition, reflecting semi-teleological ethics; second, a strict, universal, and absolute ban reflecting deontological ethics. In conclusion, the shift from semi-teleologism to deontologism demonstrates Islam's progressive construction of an uncompromising moral foundation against structural injustice. The study recommends that this phased ethical framework is relevant for understanding the formulation of contemporary Islamic economic law. Pelarangan riba pada masa awal Islam merespons praktik yang secara sosial-ekonomi telah mengakar dan diterima secara moral di masyarakat Hijaz, yang berdampak pada eksploitasi, ketimpangan, hingga perbudakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengungkap karakteristik etika yang mendasari respons bertahap Islam terhadap riba. Dengan pendekatan etika deskriptif serta menggunakan kerangka teori teleologi dan deontologi secara fleksibel, penelitian kualitatif literer ini menganalisis data historis-antropologis dan normatif dari periode Makkah dan Madinah. Temuan utama menunjukkan bahwa respons Islam terhadap riba berlangsung dalam dua tahap: pertama, penolakan intelektual tanpa larangan praktis yang mencerminkan etika semi-teleologis; kedua, larangan tegas bersifat universal dan absolut yang mencerminkan etika deontologis. Kesimpulannya, pergeseran dari semi-teleologisme ke deontologisme menunjukkan bahwa Islam secara progresif membangun fondasi moral yang tidak kompromistis terhadap ketidakadilan struktural. Rekomendasinya, kerangka etika bertahap ini relevan untuk memahami formulasi hukum ekonomi Islam kontemporer.
Pergulatan Perempuan Dusun Melawan Kemiskinan: Dari Eksploitasi Diri sampai Negosiasi: The Struggle of Rural Women Against Poverty: From Self-Exploitation to Negotiation M. Khusna Amal
Fenomena Vol 6 No 2 (2007): FENOMENA: Jurnal Penelitian Islam Indonesia
Publisher : LP2M Universitas Islam Negeri Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/fenomena.v6i2.410

Abstract

Agricultural modernization in rural areas has failed to deliver just prosperity, instead perpetuating structural poverty for smallholder farmers, triggering massive urbanization, and seriously burdening women. This study aims to describe the struggle of women in Tenggiling Sawo Hamlet, Jember, to build a subject of power to confront family poverty. Using a qualitative case study approach, data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The findings reveal that women employ two main action patterns: self-exploitation through hard work, mobilizing all family resources, and utilizing the ethos of mutual cooperation; and negotiation, reflected in their economic roles that often exceed their husbands' income, their capacity as household heads, and their involvement in strategic domestic and public decision-making. In conclusion, a new awareness of equality has emerged, yet it has not sufficiently driven concrete social action to change subordinative gender relations. Therefore, strengthening women's collective capacity and implementing gender-responsive development policies are necessary. Modernisasi pertanian di pedesaan gagal membawa kemakmuran yang berkeadilan, justru melanggengkan kemiskinan struktural bagi petani kecil yang memicu urbanisasi massal dan membebani perempuan secara serius. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan perjuangan perempuan Dusun Tenggiling Sawo, Jember, dalam membangun subjek kekuasaan menghadapi kemiskinan keluarga. Melalui pendekatan kualitatif dengan studi kasus, data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara mendalam, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perempuan melakukan dua pola tindakan utama: eksploitasi diri melalui kerja keras, pengerahan seluruh sumber daya keluarga, dan pemanfaatan etos gotong royong, serta negosiasi yang tercermin dari peran ekonomi mereka yang sering melampaui pendapatan suami, kemampuan sebagai kepala rumah tangga, serta keterlibatan dalam pengambilan keputusan strategis domestik dan publik. Kesimpulannya, kesadaran baru tentang kesetaraan telah muncul, namun belum cukup mendorong aksi sosial konkret untuk mengubah struktur relasi gender yang subordinatif, sehingga diperlukan penguatan kapasitas kolektif perempuan dan kebijakan pembangunan yang berperspektif gender.
Zuhud dan Etos Kerja Pengamal Tarekat Naqsyabandiyah Khalidiyah: Asceticism and Work Ethic of the Practitioners of the Naqshbandiyah Khalidiyah Order Mahmudah Mahmudah
Fenomena Vol 6 No 2 (2007): FENOMENA: Jurnal Penelitian Islam Indonesia
Publisher : LP2M Universitas Islam Negeri Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/fenomena.v6i2.411

Abstract

The widespread assumption that Sufi asceticism (zuhud) leads to worldly detachment and laziness has created a negative image of Sufi communities. This study examines the influence of zuhud on the work ethic among practitioners of the Naqsabandiyah Khalidiyah Tarekat at Surau Ghausil Amin I, Jember. Grounded in Islamic spiritual ethics and Max Weber’s distinction between mysticism and asceticism, the research aims to determine whether zuhud affects followers’ work productivity positively or negatively. A qualitative approach was employed, using interviews and documentary analysis, with data analyzed in a descriptive-reflective manner. The findings reveal that, as understood by the practitioners, zuhud does not mean renouncing the world or avoiding productive work. Instead, it signifies a mental state of not being overly attached to wealth and worldly pleasures while remaining devoted to Allah. Consequently, this concept fosters a strong work ethic, as followers view worldly life as a means to prepare for the hereafter and work sincerely for divine blessing. The study concludes that zuhud positively influences work ethic and recommends further research on Sufi orders’ contributions to economic productivity. Anggapan luas bahwa zuhud dalam tasawuf menyebabkan pengasingan diri dari dunia dan kemalasan telah menciptakan citra negatif terhadap komunitas sufi. Penelitian ini mengkaji pengaruh zuhud terhadap etos kerja pengamal Tarekat Naqsabandiyah Khalidiyah di Surau Ghausil Amin I, Jember. Berlandaskan etika spiritual Islam dan perbedaan tipologi Weber antara mistisisme dan asketisme, penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui apakah zuhud berpengaruh negatif atau positif terhadap produktivitas kerja pengikut tarekat. Metode kualitatif digunakan melalui wawancara dan dokumentasi, dengan analisis deskriptif-reflektif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa zuhud bagi pengamal tarekat tidak berarti meninggalkan kehidupan dunia atau anti kemewahan, melainkan kondisi mental tidak terpengaruh oleh harta dan kesenangan duniawi dalam beribadah kepada Allah. Konsep ini justru memperkuat etos kerja karena mereka memandang dunia sebagai bekal menuju akhirat, bekerja dengan niat ikhlas mencari ridha Allah. Kesimpulannya, zuhud berpengaruh positif terhadap etos kerja. Penelitian lanjutan tentang kontribusi tarekat terhadap produktivitas ekonomi direkomendasikan.
Peran BMT Mentari Sekawan dalam Meningkatkan Kesejahteraan Pedagang Kecil di Pasar Yosowilangun: The Role of Baitul Maal wat Tamwil (BMT) Mentari Sekawan in Improving the Welfare of Small Traders in Yosowilangun Market Sri Lumatus Sa'adah
Fenomena Vol 6 No 2 (2007): FENOMENA: Jurnal Penelitian Islam Indonesia
Publisher : LP2M Universitas Islam Negeri Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/fenomena.v6i2.412

Abstract

The presence of Sharia financial institutions based on community empowerment, such as BMT, offers a crucial solution to the limited access to capital for small and medium enterprises in Indonesia. This study aims to describe the role of BMT Mentari Sekawan in improving the prosperity of small traders at Yosowilangun Market. Using a qualitative case study approach, data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The main findings indicate that BMT Mentari Sekawan provides business capital financing based on Sharia principles, manages funds through profit-and-loss-sharing systems, and offers business assistance. Traders perceive benefits such as easier access to capital, business development, and psychological satisfaction from the Sharia-compliant investment system. In conclusion, BMT plays a significant role in the prosperity of small traders through productive financing and profit-sharing principles. It is recommended that the government strengthen regulations and that BMT upgrade its legal status to BPRS for greater effectiveness. Kehadiran lembaga keuangan syariah berbasis pemberdayaan masyarakat seperti BMT menjadi solusi krusial bagi keterbatasan akses permodalan usaha kecil menengah di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan peran BMT Mentari Sekawan dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan pedagang kecil di Pasar Yosowilangun. Menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus, data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara mendalam, dan dokumentasi. Temuan utama menunjukkan bahwa BMT Mentari Sekawan menciptakan sumber pembiayaan modal usaha berbasis prinsip syariah, mengelola dana dengan sistem bagi hasil (profit and loss sharing), serta memberikan pendampingan usaha. Manfaat yang dirasakan pedagang meliputi kemudahan akses modal, pengembangan usaha, dan kepuasan psikologis karena sistem investasi sesuai syariah. Kesimpulannya, BMT berperan signifikan dalam kesejahteraan pedagang kecil melalui pembiayaan produktif dan prinsip bagi hasil. Direkomendasikan penguatan regulasi pemerintah dan peningkatan status BMT menjadi BPRS untuk efektivitas yang lebih besar.
Epistemologi Hukum Islam Kaum Tradisionalis: Menelisik Jejak Pemikiran Hukum Islam Intelektual Muda NU Situbondo: The Epistemology of Islamic Law among Traditionalists: Tracing the Intellectual Trajectory of Young Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) Scholars in Situbondo Ishaq Ishaq
Fenomena Vol 6 No 2 (2007): FENOMENA: Jurnal Penelitian Islam Indonesia
Publisher : LP2M Universitas Islam Negeri Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/fenomena.v6i2.413

Abstract

The emergence of young NU intellectuals in Situbondo, who offer a distinct epistemology of Islamic law that contrasts with the traditionalist textual approach of senior kyai, is a critical phenomenon. This study investigates their proposed epistemological framework, its formulation process, and its adequacy in resolving contemporary Muslim problems. Using a qualitative field research approach, combined with usul fiqh theory, Kuhn’s paradigm shift, and Ricoeurian hermeneutics as analytical tools, this study finds that these young intellectuals propose a theory of universal humanistic values, emphasizing justice (al-'adalah) as an independent syar'i proof. They do so by dialoguing universal textual values with contextual realities and reforming classical concepts such as mashlahah, nasakh, and the Makkiyah-Madaniyah distinctions. However, the study concludes that their epistemology does not constitute a genuine paradigm shift but rather a refinement of the old paradigm. Furthermore, their text-centered, objectivist reading remains trapped in dogmatism and fails to offer a productive, post-dogmatic interpretation capable of addressing concrete, contemporary issues comprehensively. Kemunculan intelektual muda NU Situbondo dengan epistemologi hukum Islam yang berbeda dari pendekatan tekstual tradisionalis kyai sepuh merupakan fenomena krusial. Penelitian ini menyelidiki wujud epistemologi yang ditawarkan, proses perumusannya, serta kemampuannya menjawab persoalan umat. Menggunakan penelitian lapangan kualitatif dengan teori usul fikih, pergeseran paradigma Kuhn, dan hermeneutika Ricoeur sebagai pisau analisis, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa kelompok ini menawarkan teori nilai-nilai universal humanisme dengan keadilan (al-'adalah) sebagai dalil syar’i yang berdiri sendiri. Pencapaian ini dilakukan dengan mendialogkan nilai universal teks dan konteks, serta mereformasi konsep klasik seperti mashlahah, nasakh, dan Makkiyah-Madaniyah. Namun, penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa epistemologi mereka belum melahirkan pergeseran paradigma baru, melainkan hanya memperbaiki paradigma lama. Selain itu, pembacaan tekstual-objektivistik mereka masih terperangkap dalam dogmatisme sehingga belum mampu menghasilkan interpretasi produktif pasca-dogmatis untuk menjawab realitas aktual secara komprehensif.
Geneologi Segregasi Pendidikan Pondok Pesantren: Genealogy of Educational Segregation in Islamic Boarding Schools Dyah Nawangsari
Fenomena Vol 6 No 2 (2007): FENOMENA: Jurnal Penelitian Islam Indonesia
Publisher : LP2M Universitas Islam Negeri Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/fenomena.v6i2.414

Abstract

Educational segregation is an almost obligatory phenomenon and a distinctive feature of traditional Islamic education in Indonesia, yet its underlying rationales and impacts on equitable access to knowledge remain underexamined. This study aims to trace the genealogy of educational segregation, focusing on the intellectual backgrounds, forms of segregation, and its effects on students’ social behavior at Pesantren As-Sunniyah Kencong Jember. Using a qualitative phenomenological and historical approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews, participant observation, and documentation. The findings reveal that segregation is driven by normative demands, the preservation of pesantren identity, the maintenance of spiritual purity, and perceived differences in learning abilities between male and female students. Forms of segregation include the physical separation of learning and dormitory spaces, gender-based teacher selection, and differentiated curricula and learning targets. The positive impacts of segregation outweigh the negative ones, particularly in enhancing learning concentration and post-pesantren social adaptation, while negative effects are limited to students who do not complete their studies. This study recommends a critical evaluation of segregated curricula to prevent the reinforcement of gender-based knowledge inequality. Segregasi pendidikan di pesantren merupakan fenomena yang hampir wajib dan menjadi ciri khas sistem pendidikan Islam tradisional di Indonesia, namun akar pemikiran serta dampaknya terhadap kesetaraan akses pengetahuan masih belum banyak dikaji secara kritis. Penelitian ini bertujuan menelusuri genealogi segregasi pendidikan dengan fokus pada latar belakang pemikiran, bentuk-bentuk segregasi, serta dampaknya terhadap perilaku sosial santri di Pondok Pesantren As-Sunniyah Kencong Jember. Menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif fenomenologis dan historis, data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi partisipan, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa segregasi dilatarbelakangi oleh tuntutan normatif, pertahanan identitas pesantren, pemeliharaan kesucian hati, serta perbedaan kemampuan belajar antara santri putra dan putri. Bentuk segregasi mencakup pemisahan fisik ruang belajar dan asrama, seleksi pengajar berbasis gender, serta perbedaan kurikulum dan target capaian pembelajaran. Dampak positif segregasi lebih dominan, terutama dalam meningkatkan konsentrasi belajar dan kemudahan adaptasi sosial pasca-pesantren, sementara dampak negatifnya terbatas pada santri yang tidak menyelesaikan pendidikan. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan evaluasi terhadap kurikulum tersegregasi agar tidak memperkuat ketimpangan akses ilmu pengetahuan antargender.
Implikasi Penanaman Nilai-Nilai Dasar Agama Islam terhadap Perilaku Anak di Taman Kanak-Kanak (TK) Al-Amien Jember: The Implications of Instilling the Fundamental Values of Islam on Children's Behavior at Al-Amien Kindergarten, Jember St. Rodliyah
Fenomena Vol 6 No 2 (2007): FENOMENA: Jurnal Penelitian Islam Indonesia
Publisher : LP2M Universitas Islam Negeri Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/fenomena.v6i2.415

Abstract

The current era of globalization has led to a decline in moral attitudes among children, including rising cases of depression and suicidal behavior, despite advances in intellectual development. This study aims to analyze the implications of instilling basic Islamic values on children's behavior at TK "Al-Amin" Jember, focusing on the learning models, methods, and materials used. Employing a descriptive qualitative approach with a case study design, data were collected through in-depth interviews, participant observation, and documentation, then analyzed using Miles and Huberman's interactive model. The findings reveal that eight learning models (child development-oriented, thematic, play-based, etc.) and six methods (exemplary, habituation, storytelling, advice, pictures, and play) were applied. The materials covered aqidah (six pillars of faith), sharia (halal, haram, and five pillars of Islam), and akhlak (moral etiquette). The results show a significant positive impact on children's behavior both at school and at home, characterized by religious discipline, politeness, and responsibility. The study concludes that early Islamic value cultivation forms a strong moral foundation and recommends that schools enhance religious facilities, teachers increase creativity and patience, and parents consistently guide and monitor children's behavior at home. Era globalisasi saat ini telah menyebabkan penurunan sikap moral pada anak, termasuk meningkatnya kasus depresi dan perilaku bunuh diri, meskipun terjadi kemajuan intelektualitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis implikasi penanaman nilai-nilai dasar agama Islam terhadap perilaku anak di TK "Al-Amin" Jember, dengan fokus pada model, metode, dan materi pembelajaran. Menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dengan rancangan studi kasus, data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi partisipan, dan dokumentasi, lalu dianalisis dengan model interaktif Miles dan Huberman. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa diterapkan delapan model pembelajaran (berorientasi perkembangan anak, tematik, bermain sambil belajar, dll.) dan enam metode (keteladanan, pembiasaan, cerita, nasehat, gambar, dan bermain). Materi yang diberikan mencakup akidah (enam rukun iman), syariah (halal, haram, dan lima rukun Islam), serta akhlak (sopan santun). Hasilnya menunjukkan implikasi positif yang signifikan terhadap perilaku anak baik di sekolah maupun di rumah, yang ditandai dengan disiplin religius, kesopanan, dan tanggung jawab. Penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa penanaman nilai Islam sejak dini membentuk fondasi moral yang kuat dan merekomendasikan agar sekolah meningkatkan fasilitas keagamaan, guru meningkatkan kreativitas dan kesabaran, serta orang tua secara konsisten membimbing dan mengontrol perilaku anak di rumah.
Kepemimpinan KH. Achmad Muzakki Syah, Pengasuh Pondok Pesantren Al-Qodiri Jember: The Leadership of KH. Achmad Muzakki Syah, Caretaker of Al-Qodiri Islamic Boarding School, Jember M. Walid
Fenomena Vol 6 No 2 (2007): FENOMENA: Jurnal Penelitian Islam Indonesia
Publisher : LP2M Universitas Islam Negeri Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/fenomena.v6i2.416

Abstract

The rapid pace of globalization demands transforming leadership systems in Indonesian Islamic boarding schools (pesantren), shifting from hereditary models toward more adaptive and collective frameworks. This study examines the leadership style of KH. Ach. Muzakki Syah, the leader of Al-Qodiri Pesantren in Jember, and its influence and contributing factors. Using a qualitative phenomenological approach, data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation, then analyzed using grounded research methods. The findings reveal that KH. Ach. Muzakki Syah employs a spiritual leadership model rooted in religious exemplarity, integrating charismatic and democratic elements while adopting autocratic leadership on principle-based issues such as santri obligations and pesantren ethics. His leadership significantly influences a broad spectrum of society, including farmers, traders, local officials, governors, ministers, and even the President of Indonesia. The growth of the pesantren from 9 students in 1976 to 4,000 in 2006, alongside the establishment of formal educational institutions and the widespread manaqib congregation network, demonstrates this influence. Key supporting factors include belief, istiqomah (consistency), sincerity, love, patience, and tangible spiritual outcomes. This study recommends that pesantren adopt shared leadership models to ensure sustainability and relevance in the modern era. Arus globalisasi yang cepat menuntut transformasi sistem kepemimpinan di pesantren Indonesia, dari model pewarisan herediter menuju pola yang lebih adaptif dan kolektif. Penelitian ini membahas tipe kepemimpinan KH. Ach. Muzakki Syah, Pengasuh Pondok Pesantren Al-Qodiri Jember, serta mengkaji pengaruh dan faktor-faktor yang memengaruhinya. Menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif fenomenologis, data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara mendalam, dan dokumentasi, lalu dianalisis dengan metode grounded research. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa KH. Ach. Muzakki Syah menerapkan tipe kepemimpinan spiritual religius yang mengedepankan keteladanan, memadukan tipe kharismatik dan demokratis, serta menggunakan tipe otokratis untuk persoalan prinsip seperti kewajiban santri dan etika kepesantrenan. Kepemimpinannya berpengaruh luas, mencakup petani, pedagang, pejabat daerah, gubernur, menteri, hingga Presiden. Pertumbuhan pesantren dari 9 santri (1976) menjadi 4.000 santri (2006), serta berdirinya lembaga formal dan jaringan jamaah manaqib, menjadi bukti nyata pengaruh tersebut. Faktor pendukung meliputi keyakinan, istiqomah, keikhlasan, kesederhanaan, cinta, kesabaran, dan bukti nyata doa yang terkabul. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan penerapan kepemimpinan kolektif (shared leadership) di pesantren untuk menjamin keberlanjutan dan relevansi di era modern.

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