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FENOMENA: Journal of Social Science
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember
ISSN : 14125439     EISSN : 26567369     DOI : https://doi.org/10.35719/fenomena.v22i2
Core Subject : Social,
Social Sciences
Aims, Focus And Scope A. Aims: FENOMENA is a leading peer-reviewed and open-access journal, which publishes scholarly works of researchers and scholars from around the world and specializes in the Social Sciences. The journal also has a strong interest in the scientific development of theory that is of global significance. B. Focus: This journal focuses on publishing the highest quality scientific articles emphasizing contemporary Asian issues with interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary approaches. C. Scope: This journal seeks to publish articles that deal with educational development, politics, law, humanities and cultural studies, and economic issues in Asia. Its scope consists of: 1. Education (Curriculums, Teaching, and Learning, Islamic Education, Educational Technology); 2. Politics (Structure and Agency in Social Dynamics, the Role of Government and Non-Governmental Organizations, Concepts and Practical Sociology, Islamic Politics, Government and Public Administration); 3. Law (Human Rights, Social Justice, Islamic Law, Criminal Law, International Relations, Civil Law, Constitutional Law, Customary Law); 4. Humanities and Cultural Studies (Cultural Studies as a Constitutive field, Religion Studies, Islamic Studies, Philosophy, Ethics, Consciousness, Cross-cultural studies, Theology, Psychology, Spirituality, Human Geography, Anthropology, Local Wisdom); 5. Economics (Business and Entrepreneurship, Management, Accounting, Public Finance, Economic Development, and Islamic Economics).
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Sosial (Lain-Lain)
Articles 576 Documents
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Implementasi Manajemen Berbasis Sekolah dalam Peningkatan Mutu Pendidikan di SMP Negeri 1 Purwosari Pasuruan: Implementation of School-Based Management in Improving the Quality of Education at State Junior High School 1 Purwosari, Pasuruan Suhadi Winoto
Fenomena Vol 7 No 2 (2008): FENOMENA: Jurnal Penelitian Islam Indonesia
Publisher : LP2M Universitas Islam Negeri Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/fenomena.v7i2.427

Abstract

The shift from centralized to school-based management (SBM) is critical yet challenging due to low community participation and bureaucratic constraints hindering educational quality. This study aims to describe SBM implementation at the school level, focusing on planning, resource coordination, program execution, and supervision. A qualitative case study approach was employed at SMP Negeri 1 Purwosari, Pasuruan, involving data collection through interviews, observation, and document analysis. Key findings reveal that the principal socialized SBM, formed a quality improvement team that utilized SWOT analysis, and collaboratively developed a five-year strategic plan and annual programs. Resource coordination included creating a school profile and participatory decision-making, although some teacher assignments mismatched their educational backgrounds. Program execution was driven by motivational leadership and performance incentives, while supervision followed structured standards with corrective actions, yet lacked optimal committee involvement. The study concludes that SBM implementation is strongly dependent on the principal's leadership and recommends enhancing committee participation, selective recruitment of credible committee members, and granting schools greater autonomy for effective quality improvement. Pergeseran dari manajemen terpusat ke manajemen berbasis sekolah (MBS) sangat kritis namun menantang karena partisipasi masyarakat yang rendah dan kendala birokrasi yang menghambat mutu pendidikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan implementasi MBS di tingkat sekolah, berfokus pada perencanaan, koordinasi sumber daya, pelaksanaan program, dan pengawasan. Pendekatan studi kasus kualitatif digunakan di SMP Negeri 1 Purwosari, Pasuruan, dengan pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi, dan analisis dokumen. Temuan utama menunjukkan bahwa kepala sekolah mensosialisasikan MBS, membentuk tim peningkatan mutu yang menggunakan analisis SWOT, dan mengembangkan rencana strategis lima tahunan serta program tahunan secara kolaboratif. Koordinasi sumber daya mencakup pembuatan profil sekolah dan pengambilan keputusan partisipatif, meskipun beberapa penugasan guru tidak sesuai dengan latar belakang pendidikan mereka. Pelaksanaan program didorong oleh kepemimpinan motivasional dan insentif kinerja, sementara pengawasan mengikuti standar terstruktur dengan tindakan korektif, namun kurang optimalnya keterlibatan komite. Penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa implementasi MBS sangat bergantung pada kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dan merekomendasikan peningkatan partisipasi komite, rekrutmen selektif anggota komite yang kredibel, serta pemberian otonomi yang lebih luas kepada sekolah untuk peningkatan mutu yang efektif.
Dzikir Manaqib Syekh Abdul Qodir Al-Jailani dalam Pemberdayaan Masyarakat di Ponpes. Al-Qodiri Jember: The Dhikr of Manaqib of Sheikh Abdul Qadir Al-Jailani in Community Empowerment at Al-Qodiri Islamic Boarding School, Jember M. Walid
Fenomena Vol 7 No 2 (2008): FENOMENA: Jurnal Penelitian Islam Indonesia
Publisher : LP2M Universitas Islam Negeri Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/fenomena.v7i2.428

Abstract

In the modern era marked by spiritual crisis and psychological anxiety, Islamic mystical practices such as dhikr have emerged as a vital alternative for social rehabilitation. This study aims to analyze the empowerment of society through Dzikir Manaqib Syekh Abdul Qodir Al-Jailani at Al-Qodiri Islamic Boarding School, Jember, using a qualitative case study with a phenomenological approach. Data were collected through participant observation, in-depth interviews, and documentary techniques, then analyzed using grounded research and critical hermeneutics. The findings reveal that this dhikr practice empowers society in three multidimensional areas: worship, economy, and education. In worship, it fosters sincerity, repentance, and spiritual devotion. In the economy, it creates a marketplace for vendors and generates material blessings through collective prayer. In education, it instills values such as consistency, simplicity, ukhuwah Islamiah, and inner purification. The study concludes that Dzikir Manaqib serves as an effective instrument for community empowerment, offering a model of spirituality-based social development. Recommendations include integrating such practices into broader community development programs. Di era modern yang ditandai dengan krisis spiritual dan kecemasan psikologis, praktik keagamaan Islam seperti dzikir muncul sebagai alternatif penting bagi rehabilitasi sosial. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pemberdayaan masyarakat melalui Dzikir Manaqib Syekh Abdul Qodir Al-Jailani di Pondok Pesantren Al-Qodiri Jember, menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif studi kasus dengan metode fenomenologi. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi partisipan, wawancara mendalam, dan teknik dokumenter, kemudian dianalisis dengan grounded research dan hermeneutika kritis. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa praktik dzikir ini memberdayakan masyarakat dalam tiga bidang multidimensi: ibadah, ekonomi, dan pendidikan. Dalam ibadah, dzikir menumbuhkan keikhlasan, taubat, dan ketakwaan. Dalam ekonomi, aktivitas ini menciptakan pasar pedagang dan mendatangkan berkah material melalui doa bersama. Dalam pendidikan, dzikir menanamkan nilai-nilai seperti istiqomah, kesederhanaan, ukhuwah Islamiah, dan pembersihan hati. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa Dzikir Manaqib merupakan instrumen efektif untuk pemberdayaan masyarakat berbasis spiritualitas. Rekomendasinya adalah mengintegrasikan praktik serupa ke dalam program pengembangan masyarakat yang lebih luas.
Analisis Pengaruh Karakteristik Individu terhadap Pengembangan Karier Karyawan pada Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Negeri Jember: Analysis of the Influence of Individual Characteristics on Employee Career Development at the State Islamic Institute of Jember Abdul Rahim
Fenomena Vol 7 No 2 (2008): FENOMENA: Jurnal Penelitian Islam Indonesia
Publisher : LP2M Universitas Islam Negeri Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/fenomena.v7i2.429

Abstract

The phenomenon of bureaucratic rigidity and the use of seniority as the primary basis for career advancement often creates stagnation for competent employees in government institutions, including STAIN Jember. This issue is critical because without a merit-based system, organizational competitiveness and employee motivation decline. Grounded in human resource management theory, this study addresses how individual characteristics influence career development. The research aims to analyze the partial and simultaneous effects of expertise, education level, and work experience on employee career development. A quantitative approach was employed using multiple linear regression analysis, with data collected from 33 employees through questionnaires, interviews, and documentation. The findings reveal that simultaneously, all three variables significantly affect career development, contributing 64.8%, while the remaining 35.2% is influenced by other factors. Partially, education level and work experience have significant positive effects, whereas expertise does not show a significant individual effect. Education level emerges as the most dominant factor. The study concludes that career development policies in government institutions must prioritize formal education and work experience, while expertise needs to be better integrated into promotion systems. It is recommended that STAIN Jember revise its career planning regulations to be more competency-based. Fenomena kekakuan birokrasi dan penggunaan senioritas sebagai dasar utama kenaikan jabatan sering menciptakan stagnasi bagi pegawai kompeten di instansi pemerintah, termasuk STAIN Jember. Isu ini krusial karena tanpa sistem berbasis merit, daya saing organisasi dan motivasi pegawai menurun. Berlandaskan teori manajemen sumber daya manusia, penelitian ini mengatasi bagaimana karakteristik individu mempengaruhi pengembangan karier. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh parsial dan simultan keahlian, tingkat pendidikan, dan pengalaman kerja terhadap pengembangan karier pegawai. Pendekatan kuantitatif digunakan dengan analisis regresi linier berganda, data dikumpulkan dari 33 pegawai melalui kuesioner, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara simultan ketiga variabel berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pengembangan karier, memberikan kontribusi sebesar 64,8%, sementara sisanya 35,2% dipengaruhi faktor lain. Secara parsial, tingkat pendidikan dan pengalaman kerja memiliki pengaruh positif signifikan, sedangkan keahlian tidak menunjukkan pengaruh signifikan secara individu. Tingkat pendidikan menjadi faktor paling dominan. Kesimpulannya, kebijakan pengembangan karier di instansi pemerintah harus memprioritaskan pendidikan formal dan pengalaman kerja, sementara keahlian perlu diintegrasikan lebih baik dalam sistem promosi. Direkomendasikan agar STAIN Jember merevisi peraturan perencanaan kariernya agar lebih berbasis kompetensi.
Teaching Reading through Cooperative Learning at Islamic Junior High School Jember in the Academic Year 2006/2007 Moch. Imam Machfudi
Fenomena Vol 7 No 2 (2008): FENOMENA: Jurnal Penelitian Islam Indonesia
Publisher : LP2M Universitas Islam Negeri Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/fenomena.v7i2.430

Abstract

The low achievement of Indonesian secondary students in reading comprehension remains a pressing issue in English language teaching. A major theoretical concern is whether cooperative learning can effectively address this problem by shifting from teacher-centered to student-centered instruction. This study aims to describe the process of teaching reading using a cooperative learning approach and to improve students’ reading comprehension. To achieve this goal, the researcher employed a Classroom Action Research (CAR) design based on Kemmis and McTaggart’s model, implementing one cycle of planning, action, observation, and reflection at SMP Islam Jember in the 2006/2007 academic year. Data were collected through observation sheets, quiz results, interviews, and field notes. The findings revealed that cooperative learning, particularly side-by-side pair work and Learning Together group models, improved students’ reading comprehension, with student performance rising from 60% (fair) to 73% (good) across two meetings. However, challenges such as students’ unfamiliarity with group work, gender pairing issues, and over-reliance on dictionaries were identified. The study concludes that cooperative learning is effective in enhancing reading comprehension and recommends that teachers systematically introduce the strategy, minimize immediate intervention, and foster positive interdependence among students. Rendahnya capaian pemahaman bacaan siswa sekolah menengah pertama di Indonesia masih menjadi isu krusial dalam pembelajaran bahasa Inggris. Peta masalah utamanya adalah apakah pembelajaran kooperatif dapat mengatasi masalah ini dengan mengubah pendekatan dari guru-sentris menjadi siswa-sentris. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan proses pengajaran membaca dengan pendekatan kooperatif dan meningkatkan pemahaman bacaan siswa. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, peneliti menggunakan desain Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) berdasarkan model Kemmis dan McTaggart, dengan menerapkan satu siklus perencanaan, tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi di SMP Islam Jember tahun ajaran 2006/2007. Data dikumpulkan melalui lembar observasi, hasil kuis, wawancara, dan catatan lapangan. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran kooperatif, khususnya model pasangan berdampingan dan kelompok Learning Together, meningkatkan pemahaman membaca siswa, dengan peningkatan kinerja siswa dari 60% (cukup) menjadi 73% (baik) dalam dua pertemuan. Meskipun demikian, tantangan seperti ketidakterbiasaan siswa dengan kerja kelompok, masalah pasangan beda jenis kelamin, dan ketergantungan berlebih pada kamus juga teridentifikasi. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran kooperatif efektif untuk meningkatkan pemahaman membaca. Rekomendasinya adalah guru perlu memperkenalkan strategi secara sistematis, mengurangi intervensi langsung, dan menumbuhkan interdependensi positif.
Persepsi Masyarakat terhadap Lembaga Pengelolaan Zakat: Studi Kasus di Lingkungan RW VI Perumahan Tegal Besar Permai, Jember: Public Perception of Zakat Management Institutions: A Case Study in RW VI, Tegal Besar Permai Residential Area, Jember Abdul Rakhim
Fenomena Vol 7 No 2 (2008): FENOMENA: Jurnal Penelitian Islam Indonesia
Publisher : LP2M Universitas Islam Negeri Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/fenomena.v7i2.431

Abstract

The potential of zakat in Indonesia reaches trillions of rupiah per year, yet the actual collection is only around 2.3% due to low muzakki trust in zakat management organizations. This study aims to describe public perceptions and the efforts made towards zakat management institutions in RW. VI, Tegal Besar Permai I Housing Complex Jember. The research employs a descriptive qualitative approach with an embedded case study design, collecting data through observation and in-depth interviews with the neighborhood head, community unit heads, and local residents. The findings indicate that the community perceives an ideal zakat management institution must fulfill three key principles: trustworthy, professional, and transparent, along with clear vision-mission, legality, and strategic alliances. Community efforts include forming yasinan prayer groups, study group rotating savings, coordinating infaq and alms, and socializing empowerment programs. The study concludes that public perception remains minimal and recommends continuous socialization and training programs to raise awareness of the strategic role of zakat management institutions in community empowerment. Potensi zakat di Indonesia mencapai triliunan rupiah per tahun, namun realisasi pengumpulannya hanya sekitar 2,3% akibat rendahnya kepercayaan muzakki terhadap organisasi pengelola zakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan persepsi masyarakat serta upaya yang dilakukan terhadap lembaga pengelolaan zakat di lingkungan RW. VI Perumahan Tegal Besar Permai I Jember. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan desain studi kasus terpancang, pengumpulan data melalui observasi dan wawancara mendalam terhadap ketua RW, ketua RT, dan warga setempat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat mempersepsikan lembaga pengelola zakat ideal harus memenuhi tiga kunci utama yaitu amanah, profesional, dan transparan, serta memerlukan visi-misi yang jelas, legalitas, dan aliansi strategis. Upaya yang dilakukan masyarakat meliputi pembentukan komunitas pengajian yasinan, arisan jamaah pengajian, koordinasi infaq dan shadaqah, serta sosialisasi program pemberdayaan. Penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa persepsi masyarakat masih minim dan merekomendasikan sosialisasi berkelanjutan serta program pembinaan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran akan peran strategis lembaga pengelola zakat dalam pemberdayaan umat.
Kekerasan terhadap Perempuan dalam Kasus Perdagangan Manusia: Violence Against Women in Human Trafficking Cases Dyah Nawangsari
Fenomena Vol 7 No 2 (2008): FENOMENA: Jurnal Penelitian Islam Indonesia
Publisher : LP2M Universitas Islam Negeri Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/fenomena.v7i2.432

Abstract

The phenomenon of human trafficking against women is a critical issue due to the annual increase in victims, yet reported cases remain very limited because of shame and trauma. This qualitative case study was conducted in Sidomulyo Village, Semboro District, Jember. It aims to reveal the forms of violence, causes, and government responses to trafficking victims. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participant observation, and documentation. The findings show that female victims experienced physical violence (excessive workload and torture), sexual violence (rape), psychological violence (humiliation), and neglect of rights to food, health, and rest. The main causes are powerlessness due to unequal social structures, low education, and weak legal protection. The study concludes that village to national authorities have not provided adequate protection or preventive actions, requiring massive socialization, regulatory strengthening, and firm law enforcement against perpetrators. Fenomena perdagangan manusia terhadap perempuan menjadi isu krusial karena terjadi peningkatan jumlah korban setiap tahunnya, namun kasus yang dilaporkan sangat terbatas akibat rasa malu dan trauma korban. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus bertempat di Desa Sidomulyo, Kecamatan Semboro, Jember. Tujuannya adalah mengungkap bentuk kekerasan, penyebab, serta respons aparat terhadap korban perdagangan manusia. Metode pengumpulan data meliputi wawancara mendalam, observasi partisipan, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perempuan korban mengalami kekerasan fisik (beban kerja berlebih dan penyiksaan), kekerasan seksual (pemerkosaan), kekerasan psikologis (penghinaan), serta penelantaran hak atas makanan, kesehatan, dan istirahat. Penyebab utamanya adalah ketidakberdayaan akibat struktur sosial timpang, rendahnya pendidikan, dan lemahnya perlindungan hukum. Kesimpulan menunjukkan aparat desa hingga nasional belum memberikan perlindungan dan tindakan pencegahan yang memadai, sehingga diperlukan sosialisasi masif dan penguatan regulasi serta penegakan hukum tegas terhadap pelaku.
Perda Bernuansa Agama: Aspirasi atau Komoditas? Tinjauan atas Perda Ramadhan di Kota Pasuruan: Religious-Nuanced Regional Regulation: Aspiration or Commodity? A Review of the Ramadan Regulation in Pasuruan City Khoirul Faizin
Fenomena Vol 7 No 2 (2008): FENOMENA: Jurnal Penelitian Islam Indonesia
Publisher : LP2M Universitas Islam Negeri Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/fenomena.v7i2.433

Abstract

The proliferation of religiously nuanced local regulations in post-reform Indonesia has raised concerns over discrimination and the neglect of minority rights, while proponents view them as a strategy to formalize sharia through local channels. This study aims to uncover the background, content, and responses to the Ramadan by-law in Pasuruan City, and to assess whether it reflects public aspiration or political commodification. Using a qualitative approach with in-depth interviews and document analysis, the findings show that the by-law was initiated by religious and political elites without meaningful inclusion of minority voices, and was ultimately rejected by East Java Provincial Government for violating human rights. In conclusion, the regulation serves more as a political commodity than authentic public aspiration, highlighting the need to strengthen civil society organizations and democratic education that respects minority rights. Fenomena maraknya peraturan daerah bernuansa agama pasca-reformasi di Indonesia memicu kekhawatiran akan diskriminasi dan pengabaian hak warga negara minoritas, meskipun pendukungnya menganggapnya sebagai perjuangan formalisasi syariat Islam melalui jalur lokal. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengungkap latar belakang, substansi, dan respons terhadap Perda Ramadhan di Kota Pasuruan serta menilai apakah perda tersebut mencerminkan aspirasi publik atau justru komoditas politik. Dengan pendekatan kualitatif melalui wawancara mendalam dan studi dokumen, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa Perda Ramadhan lahir dari elit agama dan politik, tidak melibatkan suara minoritas secara substantif, serta mendapat penolakan dari Pemerintah Provinsi Jawa Timur karena dianggap melanggar HAM. Kesimpulannya, perda ini lebih berfungsi sebagai komoditas politik daripada aspirasi masyarakat, sehingga diperlukan penguatan organisasi masyarakat sipil dan edukasi demokrasi yang menghormati hak minoritas.
Manajemen Berbasis Sekolah (MBS): Suatu Paradigma Menuju Madrasah Mandiri (Studi Kasus MA Al-Qodiri Jember Tahun 2007/2008): School-Based Management (SBM): A Paradigm Toward an Independent Madrasah (A Case Study of Madrasah Aliyah Al-Qodiri Jember in the Academic Year 2007/2008) Ali Saifullah
Fenomena Vol 7 No 2 (2008): FENOMENA: Jurnal Penelitian Islam Indonesia
Publisher : LP2M Universitas Islam Negeri Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/fenomena.v7i2.434

Abstract

Entering the 21st century, madrasahs in Indonesia face significant managerial weaknesses that hinder their institutional independence. School-Based Management (SBM) has emerged as a strategic paradigm for transforming madrasahs toward independence. This study aims to analyze the readiness of Madrasah Aliyah Al-Qodiri Jember in implementing SBM across leadership, curriculum, human resources, and student management aspects. Using a qualitative case study design, data were collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation, then analyzed taxonomically and componentially. The findings reveal that leadership and curriculum aspects are not yet ready to be promoted as an independent madrasah due to the lack of professional management and curriculum experts. The human resources aspect is also unprepared due to the non-linear educational backgrounds of administrative staff. Conversely, the student management aspect has demonstrated readiness, evidenced by students' successful admission to prominent universities such as UNAIR, UGM, ITB, and UIN. This study recommends full implementation of SBM, linearization of educators' academic backgrounds, and the provision of technical guidelines from the Ministry of Religious Affairs to support independent madrasahs. Memasuki abad XXI, madrasah di Indonesia menghadapi berbagai kelemahan manajerial yang menghambat kemandirian lembaga. Manajemen Berbasis Sekolah (MBS) muncul sebagai paradigma strategis untuk mentransformasi madrasah menuju kemandirian. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kesiapan Madrasah Aliyah Al-Qodiri Jember dalam mengimplementasikan MBS pada aspek kepemimpinan, kurikulum, ketenagaan, dan kesiswaan. Dengan pendekatan kualitatif rancangan studi kasus, data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan dokumentasi, lalu dianalisis secara taksonomik dan komponensial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aspek kepemimpinan dan kurikulum madrasah belum siap dipromosikan menjadi madrasah mandiri karena belum diterapkannya manajemen profesional serta belum adanya tenaga ahli kurikulum. Aspek ketenagaan juga belum siap karena latar belakang keilmuan tenaga kependidikan yang tidak linier. Sebaliknya, aspek kesiswaan telah siap mendukung madrasah mandiri, terbukti dengan keberhasilan siswa lolos SPBM masuk PTN ternama seperti UNAIR, UGM, ITB, dan UIN. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan penerapan MBS secara utuh, linearisasi keilmuan tenaga pendidik, serta penyediaan petunjuk teknis dari Departemen Agama untuk mendukung madrasah mandiri.
Peningkatan Kemampuan Memahami Isi Bacaan melalui Kegiatan Membaca Kritis: Enhancing Reading Comprehension through Critical Reading Activities Sutiono Sutiono
Fenomena Vol 7 No 2 (2008): FENOMENA: Jurnal Penelitian Islam Indonesia
Publisher : LP2M Universitas Islam Negeri Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/fenomena.v7i2.435

Abstract

A common phenomenon in Indonesia is that people enjoy reading but only to pass the time, without making a genuine effort to comprehend information deeply. The main problem in teaching reading at schools is students’ low ability to understand reading content due to inappropriate approaches. This study aims to describe teachers’ efforts to improve reading comprehension through critical reading activities among tenth-grade students at SMA Negeri 1 Kencong, Jember. This classroom action research was conducted in three cycles, involving teachers and researchers in planning, action, observation, and reflection. The instruments used included questionnaires, observations, interviews, document analysis, and diaries. The results showed an increase in reading interest from 40% (cycle I) to 92.5% (cycle III), critical reading activities from 47.5% to 92.5%, and reading comprehension ability from 47.5% to 92.5%. The application of critical reading proved effective in enhancing students’ comprehension. It is recommended that teachers consistently apply critical reading techniques in Indonesian language instruction. Fenomena umum di Indonesia adalah masyarakat gemar membaca tetapi hanya untuk mengisi waktu luang, tanpa upaya memahami informasi secara mendalam. Masalah utama dalam pembelajaran membaca di sekolah adalah rendahnya kemampuan siswa memahami isi bacaan karena pendekatan yang kurang tepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan upaya guru dalam meningkatkan pemahaman isi bacaan melalui kegiatan membaca kritis pada siswa kelas X SMA Negeri 1 Kencong, Jember. Penelitian tindakan kelas ini dilaksanakan dalam tiga siklus dengan melibatkan guru dan peneliti dalam perencanaan, tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi. Instrumen yang digunakan meliputi angket, observasi, wawancara, analisis dokumen, dan catatan harian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peningkatan minat membaca dari 40% (siklus I) menjadi 92,5% (siklus III), aktivitas membaca kritis dari 47,5% menjadi 92,5%, dan kemampuan memahami isi bacaan dari 47,5% menjadi 92,5%. Penerapan membaca kritis terbukti efektif meningkatkan pemahaman siswa. Direkomendasikan agar guru menerapkan teknik membaca kritis secara berkelanjutan dalam pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia.
Kesiapan Pengadilan Agama Jember dalam Melaksanakan UU No. 3 Tahun 2006 tentang Perubahan atas UU No. 7 Tahun 1989 tentang Peradilan Agama di Bidang Ekonomi Syariah: The Readiness of the Religious Court of Jember in Implementing Law Number 3 of 2006 Concerning the Amendment to Law Number 7 of 1989 on Religious Courts in the Field of Sharia Economic Affairs Mahmudah Mahmudah
Fenomena Vol 7 No 2 (2008): FENOMENA: Jurnal Penelitian Islam Indonesia
Publisher : LP2M Universitas Islam Negeri Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/fenomena.v7i2.436

Abstract

Legal reform through Law No. 3 of 2006 expanded the absolute authority of Religious Courts to the field of sharia economics, which was not previously regulated under Law No. 7 of 1989. This change demands institutional readiness, particularly regarding human resources and judges' understanding of sharia economic disputes. This research aims to describe the readiness of the Jember Religious Court in implementing the law. Using a qualitative approach with data collection methods of interviews, observation, and documentation, the data were analyzed descriptively and reflectively. The findings show that the Jember Religious Court is ready to implement Law No. 3 of 2006. This readiness is evidenced by the judges' participation in various training sessions and workshops on sharia business organized by the Supreme Court and the East Java High Religious Court, as well as learning from other courts that have handled similar disputes. Although no positive substantive law specifically regulates sharia economic disputes, judges utilize judicial freedom based on Law No. 4 of 2004. The main obstacle is external: the lack of willingness from sharia economic institutions to resolve their disputes at the Religious Court. It is recommended to increase socialization to sharia economic institutions and accelerate the formulation of substantive law. Pembaruan hukum melalui UU No. 3 Tahun 2006 memperluas kewenangan absolut Peradilan Agama ke bidang ekonomi syariah, yang sebelumnya tidak diatur dalam UU No. 7 Tahun 1989. Perubahan ini menuntut kesiapan institusional, khususnya dari sisi sumber daya manusia dan pemahaman hakim terhadap sengketa ekonomi syariah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kesiapan Pengadilan Agama Jember dalam mengimplementasikan undang-undang tersebut. Menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi, data dianalisis secara deskriptif reflektif. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pengadilan Agama Jember telah siap melaksanakan UU No. 3 Tahun 2006. Kesiapan ini dibuktikan dengan partisipasi hakim dalam berbagai pelatihan dan workshop bisnis syariah yang diselenggarakan oleh Mahkamah Agung dan Pengadilan Tinggi Agama Jawa Timur, serta belajar dari pengadilan lain yang telah menangani sengketa serupa. Meskipun belum ada hukum materiil positif yang secara khusus mengatur sengketa ekonomi syariah, hakim menggunakan kebebasan kehakiman berdasarkan UU No. 4 Tahun 2004. Kendala utama bersifat eksternal, yaitu minimnya iktikad lembaga ekonomi syariah menyelesaikan sengketa di Pengadilan Agama. Disarankan peningkatan sosialisasi kepada lembaga ekonomi syariah dan percepatan penyusunan hukum materiil.

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