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Neurona
Published by Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Neurologi Indonesia
ISSN : 02166402     EISSN : 25023748     DOI : https://doi.org/10.52386/neurona
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience
Neurona merupakan satu-satunya jurnal yang memuat perkembangan penelitian dan kasus terbaru bidang neurosains oleh Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Saraf (PERDOSSI) Pusat di Indonesia. Jurnal ini diterbitkan bulan Maret, Juni, September dan Desember. Bidang studi cakupan NEURONA meliputi: Stroke dan Pembuluh darah Neurotrauma Neuroonkologi Neuro Infeksi Neuro Behavior Neurorestorasi Neuropediatri Gangguan Tidur Nyeri Kepala Neurootologi Neuro Intervensi Neuro Intensif Neurogeriatri Gangguan Gerak Epilepsi Neuro Epidemiologi
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Neurologi Klinis
Articles 299 Documents
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Obstructive Sleep Apnea pada Usia Muda Maulida, Adinda Ilsa
Majalah Kedokteran Neurosains Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Saraf Indonesia Vol 40 No 4 (2024): Volume 40, No 4 - September 2024
Publisher : PERDOSNI

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Abstract

Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is a respiratory disorder during sleep characterized by periodic narrowing and obstruction of the pharyngeal airway. OSA patients experience many symptoms that involve a series of physiological processes that lead to various diseases. A number of studies have explained that OSA does not only occur in middle-aged adults but can also occur at a young-aged adults. OSA especially at a young-aged adults remains a challenge because this sleep disorder is mild or even asymptomatic at a young-aged adults and the gold standard examination that is polysomnography, is expensive and time consuming to do. This literature review discusses the incidence of OSA at a young age, especially regarding its impact on students' health, academic achievement and economics
ANALISIS KEJADIAN STRESS ULCER PADA PASIEN STROKE SEBAGAI PREDIKTOR ANGKA MORTALITAS Tjondronegoro, Astuti; Nur Azizah, Aji Muthiah; Claudia, Vemmy Octaviana
Majalah Kedokteran Neurosains Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Saraf Indonesia Vol 40 No 4 (2024): Volume 40, No 4 - September 2024
Publisher : PERDOSNI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52386/neurona.v40i2.492

Abstract

Introduction: Stroke is a life-threatening disease with high incidence and mortality rates, causing significant disability. WHO predicts that deaths due to stroke will increase to 8 million in 2030. Stroke can also cause damage to peripheral organs, one of which is stress ulcers. These complications can affect treatment and prognosis and are associated with increased mortality. Aim: This study aims to determine the relationship between the incidence of stress ulcers and mortality rates in stroke patients. Methods: This research used a retrospective observational approach. Data was obtained through medical records of patients diagnosed with stroke at Prambanan Hospital Inpatient Installation from January 2022 to December 2022. Characteristics assessment of stroke patients used univariate analysis, while stress ulcer incidence with patient mortality rates used bivariate analysis (Pearson Chi-Square and coefficient contingency). Results: In this study, male patients (50.7%) and those over 60 (67.9%) had the highest stroke rates. The incidence of stress ulcers in stroke patients was 22 people (15.7%), and 32 stroke patients were declared dead (22.9%). Bivariate analysis showed that stress ulcers in stroke patients were a strong risk factor for mortality (OR=12.731, 95% CI=4.528-35.799, p < 0.001). Discussion: Risk factors for stroke are age, gender, history of disease (hypertension, cardiovascular, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus), and smoking. Hemorrhagic strokes have more potential to cause stress ulcers than ischemic strokes. Stress ulcers resulting from chronic stress response from HPA-axis dysregulation strongly predict mortality rates for stroke patients in the Prambanan Hospital Inpatient Installation. Keywords: Mortality, stress ulcer, stroke
Paralisis Periodik Hipokalemia Menyerupai Sindom Guillain-Barre pada Wanita 36 Tahun : Laporan Kasus Alidris, Rahardita; Tri Kuncoro, Prasetyo
Majalah Kedokteran Neurosains Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Saraf Indonesia Vol 40 No 4 (2024): Volume 40, No 4 - September 2024
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52386/neurona.v40i2.495

Abstract

ABSTRACT Introduction: Hypokalaemic Periodic Paralysis (HPP) is a group of diseases manifested by acute flaccid paralysis and hypokalemia (<3.5 mmol/L). HPP is divided into hereditary and acquired causes. In addition to limb weakness, other complaints have been reported was sensory symptoms such as tingling and numbness in the limbs. These complaints can masquerading other diseases such as Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS). Misdiagnosis between HPP and GBS may occur because the manifestations of HPP disease are similar in the early stages of GBS disease. Misdiagnosis can lead to wrong therapy and potentially life-threatening. Case Report: A 36-year-old woman was referred to the hospital with suspected of GBS. The patient complained of limb weakness since five days. Weakness begins in the legs and then into the hands. The complaint was accompanied by a feeling of soreness in the hands and feet about two weeks earlier and a tingling feeling in the mouth, hands and feet. The motoric strength 3/3/3, except in inferior dextra 2/2/2. Physiological reflexes +1 and reduced in muscle tone. Sensory examination is intact. There was a difference in potassium values ​​between before and after being referred (K+ 3.76 mmol/L vs 1.0 mmol/L). Significant clinical improvement after potassium correction therapy. Discussion: The manifestations of HPP that appear are not only related to the patient's motor abnormalities, but also sensory in the form of tingling and numbness. The mechanism by which the sensory dysfunction occurs is not well understood, but is suggested due to metabolic disturbances at the level of the dorsal root ganglia. So that the differential diagnosis of HPP can be raised in acute flaccid weakness accompanied by sensory symptoms. It may be considered to re-check electrolytes if risk factors and clinical symptoms lead to a clinical diagnosis of HPP. Keywords: Acute Flaccid Paralysis, Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis, Guillain-Barre Syndrome
EFEKTIVITAS TOKSIN BOTULINUM TIPE A TERHADAP SKALA SPASME, SKALA DEPRESI DAN KUALITAS HIDUP PASIEN HEMIFASIAL SPASME DI RSUD CIAWI Cornelia, Celine; Hamdani, Ismi Adhanisa; Gaharu, Maula N.; Agustina, Lydia
Majalah Kedokteran Neurosains Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Saraf Indonesia Vol 40 No 4 (2024): Volume 40, No 4 - September 2024
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52386/neurona.v40i2.560

Abstract

Introduction: Approximately 10/100.000 individuals worldwide experience hemifacial spasm (HFS) with a ratio of women-to-men at 2:1. Around 90% HFS patients face social life challenges, leading to self-isolation and decreased quality of life. Therapy modalities for HFS include oral therapy, botulinum toxin injection and surgery, but the oral therapy response rate is low. Aim: To determine the effectiveness of botulinum toxin type A injection on, spasm scale, depression scale and quality of life of HFS patients Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted at Ciawi Regional Hospital in May-December 2023. Data were collected using a total sampling technique, injection of Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin type A and succeeded by a 2-weeks, 1 month and 2 month follow-up. We used modified Jankovic scale, Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview and HFS-7 criteria for our instruments. Results: 29 patients are included in this research, aged 30-93 years (31% are male and 69% are female). 69% suffered left-sided HFS and 31% right-sided HFS. 44,8% patients had hypertension. After 2 weeks post-injection, 81.8% patients with 2nd degree HFS and 71.4% patients with 1st degree HFS reported significant symptom improvement (p = 0.046 and 0.025). Both patient’s degree reported depression improvement without significant p-value (p = > 0.05) after 2 weeks until 2 month post injection. Increased quality of life (p = 0.001). Discussion: Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin type A injection is an effective treatment modality to improve spasm, depression and quality of life in HFS patients at Ciawi Regional Hospital. Keywords: Botulinum Toxin, Degree of Spasm, Experimental, Hemifacial Spasm, Quality of Life
Hari Epilepsi Sedunia: Hari Ungu untuk Memberantas Stigma Epilepsi: Memberantas Stigma Epilepsi Ar Rochmah, Mawaddah
Majalah Kedokteran Neurosains Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Saraf Indonesia Vol 40 No 4 (2024): Volume 40, No 4 - September 2024
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Abstract

World Epilepsy Day (Hari Epilepsi Sedunia), yang juga dikenal sebagai Purple Day (Hari Ungu), dirayakan setiap tahun pada tanggal 26 Maret. Hari ini didedikasikan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran tentang epilepsi, menghilangkan mitos dan stigma, serta menunjukkan dukungan bagi individu penderita epilepsi di seluruh dunia. Hari Ungu dimulai pada tahun 2008 oleh Cassidy Megan, seorang gadis asal Kanada yang ingin mendorong orang untuk berbicara tentang epilepsi dan memberi tahu seluruh penderita epilepsi di dunia bahwa mereka tidak sendirian. Sejak itu, Hari Ungu telah menjadi gerakan global, dengan orang-orang mengenakan ungu dan mengadakan acara untuk menunjukkan solidaritas kepada mereka yang terdampak epilepsy, tidak hanya penderita epilepsi, namun juga keluarga dan kerabat dekat mereka.
Edisi Suplemen Neurona NEURONA
Majalah Kedokteran Neurosains Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Saraf Indonesia 2024
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Abstract

Supplementary Edition Neurona
VALIDITAS MICHIGAN NEUROPATHY SCREENING INSTRUMENT VERSI BAHASA INDONESIA DALAM MENDETEKSI POLINEUROPATI DISTAL SIMETRIS DIABETIKA Bintang, Andi Kurnia; Aulina, Susi; Goysal, Yudy; Amran, Muhammad Yunus; Hamid, Firdaus; Setiawan, Denise Dewanto
Majalah Kedokteran Neurosains Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Saraf Indonesia Vol 40 No 3 (2024): Volume 40, No 3 - Juni 2024
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52386/neurona.v40i3.436

Abstract

Introduction: Distal Symmetric Polyneuropathy (DSPN) is the most common neuropathy subtype found in Diabetes Mellitus (DM) patients. Early screening is important to prevent complications. Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI) was created in 1994 as an alternative screening tool for diabetic neuropathy. This instrument has not been validated in Indonesia. Aim: Assess validity and reliability of Indonesian version of MNSI in detecting diabetic DSPN. Methods: This cross-sectional study was done in Wahidin Sudirohusodo hospital, Makassar in December 2021-June 2022. Indonesian version of MNSI and Nerve Conduction Studies (NCS) was applied to subjects. Statistics were performed with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25. Study protocol was approved by Health Research Ethics Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University. Results: 102 subjects were eligible and divided into DM with DSPN (n=60) and DM without DSPN (n=42). Significant differences were found in age, body mass index, duration of DM diagnosis, treatment, HbA1c, Indonesian version of MNSI part B, and all NCS parameters (p<0,05). Area Under Curve (AUC) of part B was bigger than A (0,942 vs 0,606). Cut-off >=2,5 of part B had sensitivity, specificity, Positive Predictive Value (PPV), and Negative Predictive Value (NPV) of 95,0%, 90,5%, 93,4%, and 92,7%, respectively. Discussion: Cut-off >=2,5 for Indonesian version of MNSI part B was considered optimal. EMNG was recommended for DM patients with part B score >=2,5. Conclusion: Indonesian version of MNSI is a valid and reliable instrument to detect DSPN in Indonesian population. Keywords: diabetic neuropathy, DSPN, Indonesia, MNSI
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI NYERI KEPALA PASKA ENDOVASKULAR COILING PADA PERDARAHAN SUBARAKHNOID Puspita Ratnasari, Nurlia; Desti Ramadhoni, Pinto; Sugiharto, Henry; Octavinawaty, Lenny; Haswatty, Bayu
Majalah Kedokteran Neurosains Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Saraf Indonesia Vol 40 No 3 (2024): Volume 40, No 3 - Juni 2024
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52386/neurona.v40i3.456

Abstract

Introduction: Post endovascular coiling headache, according to ICHD-3, defined as a new headache due to coiling embolization which is still felt by aneurysm rupture subarachnoid patients 3 months after the procedure, which other acute SAH-related headaches have been ruled out. A previous prospective study showed that 50% unruptured aneurysms patients who undergo endovascular coiling experience headache. However, there are currently no studies on headache after endovascular coiling in ruptured aneurysms. Aim: To identify the factors that influence post-endovascular coiling headache in subarachnoid hemorrhage patients with aneurysm rupture. Method: Retrospective cohort study, using medical record data at RSUP Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang. Headache intensity was assessed using the Numerical Pain Rating Scale at 3 months after the procedure according to the ICHD-3 standard. Results: Most patients were > 50 years old, female (60.5%), had a history of hypertension (81.40%), Hunt and Hess grade 2 (41.9%), mFisher grade I (41.9%), located in ICA ( 34.9%), aneurysm diameter 5 mm (69.8%), onset of action at 10 days (58.1%), mRRC class I (53.5%) and Packing Attenuation 25% (53.5%). It was found that 50% of the subjects experienced mild headache after endovascular coiling. In bivariate analysis, it was found that Hunt and Hess 4-5 (p=0.048) and Packing Attenuation >25% (p=0.03) had a significant relationship with incidence of post-endovascular coiling headache. Discussion: Severe Hunt and Hess grade (4-5) and high packing attenuation (> 25%) are associated with the incidence of post-endovascular coiling headache in aneurysm rupture SAH patients Keywords: Subarachnoid haemorrhage, aneurysm rupture, Endovascular coiling, Headache
Korelasi Korelasi Antara Obat Anti Bangkitan dengan Profil Lipid Serum Pasien Epilepsi RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta Nur Ekasari, Esti
Majalah Kedokteran Neurosains Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Saraf Indonesia Vol 40 No 3 (2024): Volume 40, No 3 - Juni 2024
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52386/neurona.v40i3.499

Abstract

Pendahuluan: Tatalaksana pasien epilepsi yang utama adalah pemberian medikamentosa dengan menggunakan Obat Anti Bangkitan (OAB). Penggunaan OAB jangka panjang dapat mengakibatkan efek samping gangguan metabolik melalui interaksi pada enzim CYP450 yang terlibat dalam sintesis kolesterol, sehingga menyebabkan perubahan kadar profil lipid serum dan meningkatkan risiko gangguan kardiovaskular. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi potong lintang dengan pendekatan deskriptif analitik yang melibatkan pasien epilepsi rawat jalan di RSUD Dr. Moewardi selama periode tahun 2021-2022 sebagai subjek penelitian. Hubungan antara durasi terapi OAB dan kadar profil lipid serum (kolesterol total, High Density Lower Lipoprotein (HDL), Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL), trigliserida) dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji korelasi Pearson dan Spearman. Variabel perancu seperti usia, jenis kelamin, dosis obat, Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT) dikendalikan dengan menggunakan analisis regresi linear bivariat. Hasil: Didapatkan 198 subjek penelitian yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi penelitian, terdiri dari 102 laki-laki dan 96 perempuan dengan rentang usia 18-43 tahun. Pasien yang mendapatkan terapi OAB generasi pertama (Fenitoin (PHT), Asam Valproat (VPA), Karbamazepin (CBZ)) dengan durasi penggunaan OAB ≥ 3 tahun berkorelasi signifikan dengan kadar kolesterol total (r=0,169, p= 0,017), LDL (r=0,143, p=0,044), dan trigliserida (r=0,271, p=0,000). Diskusi: Terdapat hubungan yang kuat antara durasi penggunaan OAB generasi pertama dengan kadar kolesterol, LDL, dan trigliserida pada pasien. Hal ini kemungkinan disebabkan karena efek samping OAB pada sistem enzim hepatik CYP450 yang memperburuk jalur metabolik dan berhubungan dengan peningkatan kadar profil lipid serum. Kata kunci: Epilepsi, durasi terapi, Obat Anti Bangkitan, profil lipid serum
Hubungan Disfagia Dengan Kejadian Gangguan Elektrolit Pada Pasien Stroke Iskemik Yang Dirawat Di Bangsal Saraf RSUD Arifin Achmad Provinsi Riau Tahun 2023 Sukiandra, Riki
Majalah Kedokteran Neurosains Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Saraf Indonesia Vol 40 No 3 (2024): Volume 40, No 3 - Juni 2024
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52386/neurona.v40i3.518

Abstract

Introduction: Ischemic stroke is the most common type of stroke according to the South East Asian Medical Information Center (SEAMIC). The prevalence of stroke in Riau is 8.3%, which has increased from 2013. One of the symptoms of ischemic stroke is dysphagia which is defined as difficulty swallowing, which means difficulty passing food from the mouth to the stomach. This symptom is of concern because it is a common cause of dehydration resulting in electrolyte imbalance, stroke associated pneumonia (SAP) which can increase mortality rates. The need for early detection of dysphagia can reduce the incidence of electrolyte disorders. Aim: To determine the relationship between dysphagia and the incidence of electrolyte imbalance in ischemic stroke patients treated in the neurology ward of Arifin Achmad Regional Hospital, Riau Province. Methods: This research is an analytical research with a cross sectional method. The research will be carried out in the neurological ward of Arifin Achmad Regional Hospital, Riau Province from August – November 2023. Results: In this study, it was found that 42.5% of ischemic stroke patients experienced dysphagia with the characteristics of the majority being 51-60 years old (41.2%) male (58.8%) with a frequency of first stroke attacks (52.9%) and the majority had multiple risk factors (70.6%). The majority of electrolyte levels in dysphagia patients have low electrolyte levels. The most common lesion locations in dysphagia patients were subcortical and combined (35.3%). There was a significant relationship between dysphagia and the incidence of electrolyte disturbances (p=0.000). Discussion: Lack of fluid intake that does not reach optimal needs can be a risk of dehydration which can lead to electrolyte disorders. Dysphagia directly interferes with the ability to eat and drink so that intake is not strong. This can affect water and electrolyte balance Keywords: dysphagia, electrolyte imbalance, ischemic stroke

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