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Published by Universitas Lampung
ISSN : 23373776     EISSN : 25990527     DOI : https://doi.org/10.59042/mj.v12i1.175
Core Subject : Health, Education,
Education Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Jurnal Majority dalah peer-reviewed journal yang mempublikasikan artikel-artikel ilmiah bagi mahasiswa fakultas kedokteran, dosen maupun klinisi. Jurnal Majority menerima manuskrip atau artikel dalam bidang dalam lingkup bidang kedokteran dan kesehatan. Artikel-artikel yang dipublikasikan di Jurnal Majority mencakup artikel hasil penelitian, laporan kasus dan tinjauan pustaka.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 106 Documents
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Pengaruh Diabetes Melitus Terhadap Kanker Payudara Devy Hanandary Ghassani; Indri Windarti; Betta Kurniawan
MAJORITY Vol 11 No 2 (2023): MAJORITY
Publisher : Majority

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Abstract

Breast cancer is the leading cause of death in women worldwide. The prevalence of breast cancer in the world reached 2.26 million cases in 2020, and in Indonesia it reached 16.6% around 65,858 for the last 5 years. One of the breast cancer risk factors is the presence of comorbid diseases such as diabetes mellitus. The incidence of diabetes mellitus in the world reaches 537 million people and 6.7 million people die from diabetes mellitus. Breast cancer and diabetes are the main causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. High glucose levels in diabetes are expected to contribute to the incidence of breast cancer. Therefore, this literature study was conducted to determine the effect of diabetes mellitus on breast cancer. Based on literature studies, diabetes mellitus has effect on the incidence of breast cancer in women. There is increased risk of breast cancer in women with diabetes mellitus and the presence can lead to a poor prognosis through various mechanisms. Breast cancer screening needs proactively in women with diabetes mellitus to find cancer at the earliest possible stage. Lifestyle modification and regular medication in patients with diabetes mellitus also need to be done to reduce the risk of breast cancer.
Pielonefritis Akut: Diagnosis dan Tatalaksana Salsabila Nurislami; Exsa Hadibrata; Bayu Anggileo Pramesona; Rasmi Zakiah Oktarlina
MAJORITY Vol 11 No 2 (2023): MAJORITY
Publisher : Majority

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Abstract

Acute pyelonephritis is a severe urinary tract infection (UTI) in the upper urinary tract. The incidence of acute pyelonephritis in the world has increased. Each year, it is estimated that 1 in 830 people in the UK develop pyelonephritis. Approximately 80-90% of cases of acute pyelonephritis are caused by Escherichia coli bacteria. Catheter insertion predisposes to infection with gramnegativebacteria such as Proteus, Klebsiella, Serratia, or Pseudomonas. The onset of symptoms can vary for each individual from hours to days and the severity of the disease also varies. Symptoms of acute pyelonephritis are flank pain, fever and nausea. The results of the physical examination of the patients also varied from looking sick and uncomfortable to looking healthy, there was bilateral costovertebral angle pain, and suprapubic pain with or without off pain. Examination to confirm the diagnosis is a urine culture with results showing the growth of uropathogens of 10,000 colony units per milliliter of urine. The management of pyelonephritis includes three pillars, namely supportive care with fluid and drug resuscitation, effective antibiotic therapy, and control with imaging in indicated patients.
PENATALAKSANAAN HOLISTIK DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE GRADE 1 PADA ANAK USIA 2 TAHUN MELALUI PENDEKATAN KEDOKTERAN KELUARGA DI WILAYAH PUSKESMAS GEDONG AIR Efrans Caesar; Intan Nanda Rezeki; Sahab Sibuea
MAJORITY Vol 11 No 2 (2023): MAJORITY
Publisher : Majority

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Abstract

Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is an acute viral disease caused by the dengue virus, characterized by a fever lasting 2-7 days, bleeding, such as nosebleeds and red spots on the skin, body (ptechiae), bleeding gums, decrease in the number of platelets, form of hemoconcentration in the form of plasma discharge and such signs as increased hematocrite, ascites, pleural effusion. Implementation of GP services through identification of risk factors, clinical problems and patient management in family-centred, patient-centred in the study focus to family centered because the patient is 2 years old and community-centred evidence-based medicine. The study conducted is a case report with the purpose of management to increase the knowledge of the family about patient disease. Primary data were obtained through history, medical examination and home visits. Secondary data were obtained from the health reports of the patient. The assessment is  based on a comprehensive diagnosis of the beginning, process and end of the study quantitatively and qualitatively. The patient is a girl with complaints of fever for 3 days. Complaints of fever followed by weakness, bleeding gums accompanied by nausea and vomiting. The diagnosis and treatment are made according to the latest theories and journals. After the intervention, clinical symptoms decreased and the awareness of patients and their families increased. The diagnosis of DHF in this patient was consistent with the theory of several guidelines and journals, and it was observed that the knowledge of the patient and his family changed after an intervention based on evidence-based medicine.
GAMBARAN FOTO RONTGEN TORAKS PENDERITA HIV/AIDS DAN TB PARU Mahardika Putra; Waluyo Rudiyanto; Nurul Islamy; M. Ricky Ramadhian
MAJORITY Vol 11 No 2 (2023): MAJORITY
Publisher : Majority

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Abstract

The high morbidity rate caused by infection with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) makes many people more susceptible to infection by viruses, fungi or bacteria. One of the co-infections that most often affects people with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA), namely pulmonary TB. based on data from the Lampung provincial health office, the city of Bandar Lampung is ranked first with the number of HIV and pulmonary TB of 1480 cases. Investigations for cases of PLWHA with pulmonary TB are very diverse, one of which is a chest X-ray examination. Chest X-ray examination is known to be easier to find the location of the lesion from tuberculosis and also on the chest X-ray picture usually there are signs that someone has pulmonary TB infection even though there are no symptoms yet. This study used a univariate descriptive research method, the sample of this study was 65 people in RSUD DR. H. ABDUL MOELOEK was taken using the total sampling method. Based on the results of the analysis, the results obtained from 65 samples showed that for the age most people with HIV/AIDS and pulmonary TB were in the age range of 31-40 years as much as 35.4%, then for sex most affected were men as much as 83.1%, based on the shape of the lesion, the most affected were typical lesions 67.7%, for based on the location of the lesion the most patients had lesions in 1 and 2 lobes only in the lung field as much as 27.7%, and for the area of the lesion in HIV/AIDS and pulmonary TB patients the most affected by extensive lesions as much as 40%.
HUBUNGAN FAKTOR RISIKO DENGAN KEJADIAN OTITIS EKSTERNA DI POLIKLINIK THT-KL RSUD PROVINSI LAMPUNG TAHUN 2019 Tondi Rosalinda Mandalahi; Mukhlis Imanto; Tri Umiana Soleha; Reni Zuraida
MAJORITY Vol 11 No 2 (2023): MAJORITY
Publisher : Majority

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Abstract

Otitis externa is an inflammation of the outer part of the ear which includes auricle, external audiotory canal, or both. The inflammation can be acute and chronic that ussually caused by bacteria, viral, and fungal infections. The objective of this study was to determine the association between risk factor with otitis externa occurrence in otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery clinic of RSUD Abdul Moeloek Provinsi Lampung in 2019. This study was an observational analytic study with a case control design. The sample divided into 56 respondents who had otitis externa and 56 respondents who did not have otitis extena. The sample taken using consecutive sampling technique. Data analysis using chi square test (α = 0,05). Respondents who had otitis externa were highest among respondents with history of ear cleaning (62,5%), without history of activity in water (62,5%), and without history of diabetes mellitus (91,1%). The results of chi square analysis indicate an association between history of ear cleaning (p value = 0,001) and activity in water (p value = 0,036) with otitis externa occurrence. While history of diabetes mellitus (p value = 0,500) did not affect otitis externa occurrence. There was an association between history of ear cleaning and activity in water with otitis externa occurrence. While history diabetes mellitus did not affect the otitis externa occurrence.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK BIJI KOPI ROBUSTA (Coffea canephora) LAMPUNG TERHADAP JUMLAH SEL PURKINJE CEREBELLUM TIKUS PUTIH (Rattus norvegicus) JANTAN GALUR Sprague dawley YANG DIINDUKSI MONOSODIUM GLUTAMAT Ilham Nugroho; Anggraeni Janar Wulan; TA Larasati; Khairun Nisa Berawi
MAJORITY Vol 11 No 2 (2023): MAJORITY
Publisher : Majority

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Abstract

Excessive consumption of monosodium glutamate has a neurotoxic effect on the brain, one of which is the cerebellum. The caffeine and chlorogenic acid compounds contained in coffee beans have potential as an anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective agent thus protecting rats from neurotoxicity by glutamate involved with the death of cerebellar purkinje cells. This research is an experimental study with Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with a Posttest Only Control Group Design approach. The research subjects were 25 rats which were divided into 5 groups which are K- (aquadest 3,5 ml/day), K+ (MSG 4 g/kgBW/day), P1, P2, P3 (MSG 4 g/kgBW/day and robusta coffee extract lampung 1,5 ml/200gBW/day with a concentration of 0,03 g/ml; 0,06 g/ml; 0,12 g/ml respectively) with each group consisting of 5 rats. The number of purkinje cells is calculated by manual counting assisted by Image J software in 3 sections with 5 visual fields each in 400x magnification. The average number of cerebellar purkinje cells in K-, K+, P1, P2, and P3 were 22,72; 11,88; 22,44; 25,28; 27,12 respectively. One Way ANOVA test obtained p value=0,000 (p<0,05). Post Hoc LSD test on the number of purkinje cells showed a significant differences (p<0,05) between K- and K+ (p=0,000), K- and P3 (p=0,006), K+ and P1 (p=0,000), K+ and P2 (p=0,000), K+ and P3 (p=0,000), and P1 and P3 (p=0,004). There is an effect of robusta coffee extract (Coffea canephora) lampung againsts to the number of cerebellar purkinje cells in male rats strain (Rattus norvegicus) Sprague dawley induced by monosodium glutamate.
Pengaruh Ekstrak Etanol Buah Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa Bilimbi L.) Sebagai Antioksidan Terhadap Histopatologi Hepar Tikus Putih (Rattus Novergicus) Galur Wistar Yang Diinduksi Minyak Jelantah Stefani Agustin Parapasan; Muhartono; Muhammad Iqbal; Asep Sukohar
MAJORITY Vol 11 No 2 (2023): MAJORITY
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Abstract

Used cooking oil can damage hepatic cell because of free radicals. Averrhoa bilimbi L. contains flavonoid and other active compounds as antioxidants in reducing liver cell damaged due to used cooking oil. This research aims to determine the effect of ethanol extract of Averrhoa bilimbi L. on the liver histopathology of white rats (Rattus novergicus) Wistar strain induced by used cooking oil. This research is a laboratory experimental research with a Post Test-Only Control Group Design approach. Research using 25 rats which divided into 5 groups, namely K1 (aquades), K2 (used cooking oil), P1, P2, P3 given used cooking oil at a dose of 1,5 mL and extract with different doses (80 mg, 160 mg, and 320 mg) for 28 days. The mean scoring histopathological damage to the white rat’s liver at K1= 1,08±0,11; K2 = 3,08±0,18; P1 = 2,64±0,49; P2 = 2,32±0,26; P3 = 1,8±0,14. Research using Kruskal-Wallis test (p<0,05) followed by the Post-hoc Mann Whitney test (p<0,05). There is an effect  of ethanol extract of Averrhoa bilimbi L. as an antioxidant on the liver histopathology of white rats (Rattus novergicus) Wistar strain induced by used cooking oil.
Hubungan Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT) dan Lingkar Perut terhadap Risiko Jatuh Pada Lansia di Panti Jompo Werdha Lampung Selatan M. Irfan zaki Rici; Dewi Nur Fiana; Anggraini Janar Wulan; Khairun Nisa Berawi
MAJORITY Vol 11 No 2 (2023): MAJORITY
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Abstract

Based on a survey in the United States, about 30% of the elderly population above 65 years fall each year. Falling is a direct impact of balance disorder. Factors related to falling incidence are body mass index (BMI) and abdominal circumference. This research aims to find the relationship between BMI and abdominal circumference on the risk of falling in elderly of Werdha Nursing House in South Lampung. This type of research is quantitative experimental with a cross-sectional design with 50 research subjects were selected using the total sampling technique. The research data were taken by measuring the abdominal circumference, BMI, and the Timed Up and Go Test. Data were processed using a computer program and analyzed by univariate and bivariate analysis using the Kruskal-walis test table b x k, with table 2 x 3 using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for 2 samples. The results were obtained by analyzing the primary data which resulted a univariate distribution of BMI with 26 normal respondents, 16 underweight respondents and 8 overweight respondents and normal abdominal circumference with 37 respondents and abnormal abdominal circumference with 13 respondents in Werdha Nursing House. Bivariate analysis resulted BMI (p value = 0,012) and circumference abdominal (p value = 0,000) with the risk of falling in elderly. This research shows that there is a relationship between BMI and abdominal circumference with the risk of falling in elderly of Werdha Nursing House South Lampung
Hipertensi: Gambaran Umum Naufal Rivo Aditya; Syazili Mustofa
MAJORITY Vol 11 No 2 (2023): MAJORITY
Publisher : Majority

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Abstract

Chronic disease is a worldwide health issue. The prevalence of chronic disease is 6,7 billion people worldwide, and has increased over the time. Chronic disease is a noncommunicable disease, but chronic disease is a persistant disease and resulting in substansial years of life lost. One of the chronic diseases is hypertension or high blood pressure. The prevalence of hypertension is 1,2 billion people worldwide and increasing due to an aging population and increasing prevalence of obesity. Hypertension is multifactorial disease involving genetic factors and environmental factors. Aparts from these two factors, behaviors factors can be increasing risk factor for hypertension, such as smooking and excess salt consumption. AHA (American Heart Association) hypertension guidelines, hypertension is diagnosed when blood pressure is consistently >130 for systolic pressure, and or >80 mmHg for diastolic pressure. Hypertension have a significant effects due to CVD (Cardiovascular disease) such as hearth failure, myocardial infarction, stroke and death. Hypertension in older adults have a adverse effects and exacerbated by a decrease in body function and quality, such as mechanical hemodynamic changes, arterial stiffness, neurohormonal and declining renal function, so the management strategies for hypertension in older adults must consider from various aspects, such as comorbidities factors, pyscho-social factors. The management strategies for hypertension can be used non-pharmacological therapy to reduce the risk of hypertension severity and provide appropriate pharmacological therapy according to the patient’s condition, so that it can provide appropriate results.
Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Kacang Kedelai (Glycine max L.) Terhadap Kadar Eritrosit Mencit (Mus musculus) Jantan Galur Swiss Webster yang Dipapar Natrium Nitrit Tasya Hani Fatwa; Susianti; Anisa Nuraisa Jausal; Sofyan Musyabiq Wijaya4
MAJORITY Vol 12 No 1 (2023): MAJORITY
Publisher : Majority

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Abstract

Anaemia is defined by the number of red blood cells (erythrocytes) or haemoglobin level is lower than normal. Consumption of food that contained sodium nitrite (NaNO2) could accelerate the breakdown of erythrocytes in the body. Soybean contains iron and protein which trigger the production of new erythrocytes. This study aims to analyze the effect of soybean to the erythrocyte counts of mice induced by sodium nitrite. The method of this study is a post test control only group design with an analytic laboratory experimental type of study. 25 mice were used in this study as the samples which divided into 5 groups. Data analysis was performed by and bivariate analysis with One-Way ANOVA statistical tests. The result of this study indicates that soybean extract has an effect to the increasing of erythrocyte counts on mice induced by sodium nitrite (p=0.000).

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