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Mohammad Rizki Fadhil Pratama
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Institute for Research and Community Services Universitas Muhammadiyah Palangkaraya Building B 1st Floor, RTA Milono St. Km.1,5. Palangka Raya 73111, INDONESIA
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Borneo Journal of Pharmacy
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Palangkaraya
ISSN : -     EISSN : 26214814     DOI : https://doi.org/10.33084/bjop
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Borneo Journal of Pharmacy publishes various scientific articles covering Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences in the field but not limited to: Pharmacology-Toxicology, including pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, pharmacotherapy, and toxicology. Pharmacognosy-Phytochemistry, including pharmacognosy, phytochemistry, ethnobotany, and ethnopharmacology. Pharmaceuticals, including biopharmaceuticals, pharmaceutical technology, formulations, and biotechnology. Analytical Pharmacy-Medicinal Chemistry, including pharmaceutical chemistry, chemical analysis, medicinal chemistry, bioinformatics, pharmacy physics, pharmaceutical analysis, and method validation. Microbiology Pharmacy, including the antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral activity test. Natural Product Development, including testing the pharmacological activity of extracts, fractions, and plant isolates. Clinical-Community Pharmacy, including monitoring usage, side effects, counseling, and drug use evaluation. Management Pharmacy, including drug management, drug use profiles, pharmaceutical administration, and marketing.
Arjuna Subject : Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics - Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Lain-Lain)
Articles 11 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 8 No. 3 (2025): Borneo Journal of Pharmacy" : 11 Documents clear
Cost Analysis of Inpatient Stroke Treatment at PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Hospital Based on INA-CBG's Tariff in 2023 Hadning, Ingenida; Oktaviani, Aulia
Borneo Journal of Pharmacy Vol. 8 No. 3 (2025): Borneo Journal of Pharmacy
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services Universitas Muhammadiyah Palangkaraya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33084/bjop.v8i3.7261

Abstract

Stroke incidence in Yogyakarta Province is among the highest in Indonesia, frequently necessitating prolonged patient care and rehabilitation. The recent adjustment of INA-CBG's tariffs, as stipulated in Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia Number 3 of 2023, has increased reimbursement rates for inpatient hemorrhagic stroke (Classes 1, 2, and 3) and ischemic stroke (Class 1). Despite these revisions, many hospitals report disparities between operational costs and the INA-CBG's reimbursement rates. This study represents the first dedicated evaluation of INA-CBG's tariffs, specifically concerning the 2023 ministerial regulation, for inpatient stroke management. We aimed to ascertain the financial discrepancies between the average actual costs of inpatient stroke treatment and the updated INA-CBG's tariffs at PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Hospital. Employing an observational design with a cross-sectional approach, we retrospectively collected data from inpatient stroke patients treated between January and September 2023. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics and a one-sample t-test. The findings reveal that, for most cases, the average actual costs incurred by the hospital were significantly lower than the corresponding INA-CBG's tariffs, indicating a consistent profit margin for the institution.
In Silico Analysis of the Antigastritis Activity of Gedi (Abelmoschus manihot) Flower Flavonoids on H2 Receptor Adikila, Gregorius Giani; Hariyanto, Yuanita Amalia; Tallei, Trina Ekawati; Suoth, Elly Juliana; Sudewi, Sri; Fatimawali, Fatimawali
Borneo Journal of Pharmacy Vol. 8 No. 3 (2025): Borneo Journal of Pharmacy
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services Universitas Muhammadiyah Palangkaraya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33084/bjop.v8i3.7586

Abstract

Gastritis remains a highly prevalent health concern in Indonesia, underscoring a continuous demand for innovative therapeutic interventions. The flower of Abelmoschus manihot, commonly known as Gedi, has garnered interest for its potential antigastritis properties, specifically as an H2 antagonist, attributed to its rich flavonoid content. This study aimed to rigorously evaluate the H2 antagonist potential of A. manihot flowers using an in silico approach. Our research methodology involved assessing the physicochemical and pharmacokinetic profiles, alongside molecular docking simulations, of ten prominent flavonoid ligands identified in A. manihot flowers: quercetin, myricetin, myricetin-3-O-glucoside, myricetin-3'-O-glucoside, quercetin-3'-O-glucoside, hibifolin, isoquercetin, hyperoside, quercetin-3-O-robinobioside, and rutin. The analysis of physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties encompassed Lipinski's Rule of Five and comprehensive ADMET predictions. Molecular docking simulations focused on evaluating binding energies and interactions with crucial H2 receptor residues: Asp98, Asp186, Val99, and Phe254. Among the ligands being assessed, quercetin demonstrated the most favorable physicochemical-pharmacokinetic characteristics and exhibited superior binding affinities and interactions in the molecular docking analysis. These findings collectively suggest that A. manihot flower holds significant promise as a natural source for antigastritis agents, specifically through its potential H2 antagonist activity, with quercetin emerging as a key contributing compound.
Discovery of Novel Alkaloids from Magnolia Genus: A Literature Review from 2002-2024 Yuniarta, Tegar Achsendo; Handayani, Rosita
Borneo Journal of Pharmacy Vol. 8 No. 3 (2025): Borneo Journal of Pharmacy
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services Universitas Muhammadiyah Palangkaraya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33084/bjop.v8i3.8563

Abstract

The genus Magnolia, encompassing hundreds of globally distributed species, has a long-standing history in traditional medicine for treating diverse ailments. These species are particularly renowned for their rich array of bioactive compounds, notably alkaloids. This study provides a comprehensive summary of novel alkaloid compounds identified in various Magnolia species within recent years. Through a targeted literature review utilizing Google Scholar and PubMed (2002–2024), we pinpointed nine novel alkaloids and one nitrogen-based compound isolated from four distinct Magnolia species. These newly discovered compounds exhibited promising bioactivities, including significant antiplatelet and anti-acetylcholinesterase effects. Structurally, the majority of these compounds belong to the aporphine and benzylisoquinoline classes, although some display unique configurations, such as glycosidic or N-oxide alkaloids. This review aims to bridge a critical gap in the existing scientific literature regarding the comprehensive documentation of novel alkaloid secondary metabolites found across the diverse Magnolia genus.
The Effect of Javanese Chili (Piper retrofractum) and Lemon (Citrus limon) Formula on Total Cholesterol Levels in Male White Rats Setiani, Lusi Agus; Herlina, Nina; Ramadhani, Friska Noerfitria
Borneo Journal of Pharmacy Vol. 8 No. 3 (2025): Borneo Journal of Pharmacy
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services Universitas Muhammadiyah Palangkaraya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33084/bjop.v8i3.8688

Abstract

Hypercholesterolemia, defined as blood cholesterol levels exceeding 200 mg/dL, is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Traditional Indonesian medicinal plants, such as Javanese chili (Piper retrofractum) and lemon (Citrus limon), have long been recognized for their potential lipid-lowering properties. This study aimed to scientifically evaluate the hypocholesterolemic effect of a combined P. retrofractum and C. limon extract in a hypercholesterolemic rat model. Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to seven groups: a normal control, a negative control (Na-CMC), a positive control (simvastatin 0.018 mg/200 g BW), a scientific herbal formula (0.18 g/200 g BW), and three treatment groups receiving P. retrofractum and C. limon in ratios of 1:1, 1:2, and 2:1. Hypercholesterolemia was induced using a cholesterol-cholate-thiouracil (CCT) mixture alongside a high-fat diet. Total cholesterol levels were quantified using the Cholesterol Oxidase-Peroxidase Aminoantipyrine (CHOD-PAP) method. After 21 days of treatment, all P. retrofractum and C. limon-treated groups demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in total cholesterol compared to the negative control (p <0.05). Notably, the 1:1 and 1:2 ratios of P. retrofractum to C. limon yielded the most substantial cholesterol reductions (44% and 43%, respectively), comparable to the scientific herbal formula and superior to simvastatin (30%). In contrast, the 2:1 ratio showed a comparatively lower reduction (38%), suggesting a potential inhibitory effect of excessive P. retrofractum on C. limon's lipid-lowering properties. These findings collectively highlight the promising potential of optimized P. retrofractum and C. limon combinations, particularly at 1:1 and 1:2 ratios, as effective natural interventions for managing hypercholesterolemia.
Molecular Docking Study of Substituted Benzamide Derivatives as Analgesic Candidates Rahmawati, Rahmawati; Razak, Rais; Fawwaz, Muammar
Borneo Journal of Pharmacy Vol. 8 No. 3 (2025): Borneo Journal of Pharmacy
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services Universitas Muhammadiyah Palangkaraya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33084/bjop.v8i3.8715

Abstract

Thiourea derivatives represent a diverse class of compounds exhibiting a range of pharmacological activities, including antitubercular, analgesic, antiviral, and anticancer effects. Of particular interest is N-allyl-N'-(benzoylcarbamothioyl)benzamide, which is hypothesized to possess analgesic properties. A comprehensive in silico molecular docking study was undertaken to evaluate this potential. In silico assays, leveraging computer simulations, are invaluable tools for predicting outcomes, generating hypotheses, and accelerating drug discovery. Molecular docking, a prominent in silico application, facilitates structure-based screening by computationally assessing the binding affinity of compounds to target proteins. This research specifically aimed to predict the analgesic activity of N-allyl-N'-(benzoylcarbamothioyl)benzamide derivatives. To achieve this, various substituents, including methyl, methoxy, tert-butyl, dimethylamino, and halogens, were strategically incorporated at the ortho, meta, and para positions of the benzoylcarbamothioyl ring, generating a library of novel analgesic drug candidates. Compound activity was primarily evaluated using the rerank score. Additionally, ProTox-3.0 and pkCSM were utilized to predict these synthesized compounds' toxicity and physicochemical properties. Initial findings were encouraging, with 18 derivatives of N-allyl-N'-(benzoylcarbamothioyl)benzamide demonstrating enhanced predicted analgesic activity. Among these, six compounds exhibited promising analgesic properties without predicted toxicity. In conclusion, these in silico results suggest that certain N-allyl-N'-(benzoylcarbamothioyl)benzamide derivatives hold significant promise as potential analgesic agents, warranting further validation through subsequent laboratory and in vivo investigations.
Comparison of Characteristics and Antibacterial Activity of Mandai Cempedak Vinegar with Variations in Fermentation Methods Utami, Indah Woro; Sapri, Sapri; Meray, Nishia Waya; Canrika, Rezia Elok
Borneo Journal of Pharmacy Vol. 8 No. 3 (2025): Borneo Journal of Pharmacy
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services Universitas Muhammadiyah Palangkaraya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33084/bjop.v8i3.9140

Abstract

Mandai, a traditional fermented food product from East Kalimantan, is derived from the edible mesocarp of the cempedak (Artocarpus champeden) fruit. This ancestral fermentation technique, passed down through generations, is known to produce lactic acid bacteria (LAB) with potential probiotic properties. This study aimed to characterize LAB isolated from mandai vinegar and evaluate their antibacterial activity under two distinct fermentation conditions: a defined starter culture of Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota and spontaneous fermentation in a 10% NaCl solution. The latter, referred to as salt fermentation, yielded three bacterial colonies, while the starter culture method produced four. All isolates from both methods shared similar morphological characteristics, including a rod shape, white coloration, entire margins, and convex surfaces. Further analysis confirmed they were Gram-positive, catalase-negative, and indole-negative, with the ability to ferment various carbohydrates. While all LAB isolates demonstrated generally low antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, isolate CML 1 exhibited the highest antibacterial potential. These findings highlight the potential of mandai vinegar as a source of functional LAB, warranting further investigation into its applications as a functional food ingredient.
Comparison of Chromatogram Profiles of Red Ginger (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum Theilade) Rhizome Essential Oil Based on Differences in Growing Places Styawan, Anita Agustina; Mustofa, Helmi; Kusumadewi, Awal Prichatin
Borneo Journal of Pharmacy Vol. 8 No. 3 (2025): Borneo Journal of Pharmacy
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services Universitas Muhammadiyah Palangkaraya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33084/bjop.v8i3.9311

Abstract

Red ginger (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum Theilade) is a valuable raw material for the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries, primarily due to its rich essential oil content. This study investigated how cultivation location influences the chromatographic profile of Z. officinale var. rubrum essential oil. Samples were sourced from two distinct regions in Java, Indonesia: Magelang and Pacitan Regencies. Essential oils were isolated using water distillation, and their chemical compositions were subsequently analyzed via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A notable difference in essential oil yield was observed, with Magelang producing 0.1% and Pacitan yielding 0.08%. GC-MS analysis of the Magelang sample identified 16 compounds, prominently featuring E-citral (20.30%), Z-citral (11.31%), geraniol (10.34%), and camphene (8.91%). Conversely, the Pacitan sample contained 15 compounds, with E-citral (24.06%), Z-citral (13.93%), camphene (14.86%), and 1,8-cineole (7.86%) as its major constituents. A Mann-Whitney U test confirmed a statistically significant difference (p-value = 0.025 < 0.05) in the essential oil profiles between the two locations. These variations are likely attributable to diverse environmental factors, including soil composition, altitude, ambient temperature, and rhizome maturity. This research underscores the critical role of cultivation location in shaping the chemical characteristics of Z. officinale var. rubrum essential oil, providing valuable insights for developing tailored essential oil-based products to meet specific industrial requirements.
Physicochemical Profile and Stability of Red Ginger (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum) SNEDDS as Potential Aphrodisiac Pratama, Edo; Aly, M. Ainun Najib; Istiqamah, Farida; Widyowati, Retno; Sukardiman, Sukardiman
Borneo Journal of Pharmacy Vol. 8 No. 3 (2025): Borneo Journal of Pharmacy
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services Universitas Muhammadiyah Palangkaraya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33084/bjop.v8i3.9691

Abstract

This study investigated the stability of a Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) formulated with Zingiber officinale var. rubrum (red ginger) extract. SNEDDS formulations, composed of an oil phase, co-surfactant, and surfactant, are designed to create stable isotropic mixtures, critical for drug delivery systems. Prior to assessing long-term physical stability, the optimal Z. officinale var. rubrum SNEDDS preparation underwent comprehensive characterization, including evaluation of emulsification time, pH, particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), and zeta potential. Subsequent physical stability assessments involved rigorous centrifugation, hot-cold, and freeze-thaw cycles. The results demonstrated an emulsification time of ≤1 minute, a pH value of 5.04±0.05, and a particle size of 14.92±0.7 nm, indicative of a nanoscale dispersion. The PDI was 0.282, and the zeta potential was −18.57±1.30 mV, suggesting good colloidal stability. Crucially, throughout six cycles of centrifugation, hot-cold, and freeze-thaw stress tests, the Z. officinale var. rubrum extract SNEDDS exhibited no signs of phase separation, sedimentation, cracking, or creaming. These findings collectively confirm that the prepared Z. officinale var. rubrum extract SNEDDS meets critical physicochemical characteristics and demonstrates excellent physical stability, positioning it as a promising candidate for further development as a natural extract delivery system.
Molecular Docking Analysis of Flavonoids from Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels: Proapoptotic Potential as an Anticancer Mechanism Aini, Nur Sofiatul; Ansori, Arif Nur Muhammad; Widyananda, Muhammad Hermawan; Kharisma, Viol Dhea; Murtadlo, Ahmad Affan Ali; Herdiansyah, Mochammad Aqilah; Rebezov, Maksim; Burkov, Pavel; Gudz, Petr; Derkho, Marina; Bezhinar, Tatyana; Maksimiuk, Nikolai; Sazali, Munawir; Purnobasuki, Hery; Rollando, Rollando; Khairullah, Aswin Rafif; Sucipto, Teguh Hari
Borneo Journal of Pharmacy Vol. 8 No. 3 (2025): Borneo Journal of Pharmacy
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services Universitas Muhammadiyah Palangkaraya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33084/bjop.v8i3.9843

Abstract

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) presents a significant global health challenge, with its prevalence and mortality rates rising steadily. In Indonesia, Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels, known for its flavonoid richness, has a long history in traditional medicine. However, its specific mechanisms of action against cancer, particularly in inducing apoptosis in NSCLC, have not been fully elucidated. This study utilized an in silico approach to evaluate the pro-apoptotic potential of S. cumini flavonoids against NSCLC by targeting key proteins: Bcl-2, Bax, and Caspase-3. We retrieved flavonoid structures from PubChem and protein data from the Research Collaboratory for Structural Bioinformatics Protein Data Bank (RCSB PDB). The drug-likeness of these compounds was assessed using Swiss ADME, adhering to Lipinski's rule of five, while their anti-NSCLC probability was predicted using PASS Online. Molecular docking and screening were performed with PyRx, and the results were visualized using Discovery Studio. Our findings identified epigallocatechin 3-O-gallate and ellagic acid as the most promising anti-NSCLC candidates. Ellagic acid demonstrated the strongest binding affinity to Caspase-3, suggesting a potent pro-apoptotic effect. Epigallocatechin 3-O-gallate, on the other hand, exhibited the lowest binding energy across multiple target proteins, particularly Bcl-2 and Bax, indicating its broad pro-apoptotic potential. These results collectively suggest that flavonoids from S. cumini may hold significant promise as a source of novel anti-NSCLC agents, warranting further in vitro and in vivo investigations.
Balancing Need and Feasibility: Stakeholder Insights on Frequent Blood Glucose Monitoring in Indonesia Rinda, Agnes Christie; Athiyah, Umi; Hermansyah, Andi
Borneo Journal of Pharmacy Vol. 8 No. 3 (2025): Borneo Journal of Pharmacy
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services Universitas Muhammadiyah Palangkaraya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33084/bjop.v8i3.9848

Abstract

Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus require regular evaluation of the medication's effectiveness and safety through blood glucose and HbA1c testing. This continuous monitoring is one of the primary roles of pharmacists in collaboration with physicians and supported by health insurance to examine the fluctuation patterns of blood glucose levels in response to diabetes medications. This study aimed to identify the need and feasibility of frequent blood glucose monitoring from the perspective of physicians, pharmacists, national health insurance officials, and diabetes patients. A qualitative study using semi-structured interviews was conducted in six Public Health Centers and seven pharmacies in Banjarmasin, Indonesia, from November 2022 to September 2023. A total of twenty-one respondents were included in this study. Data were tape-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and categorized using manual thematic content analysis. This study reveals that inappropriate patient conditions, irregular visits to Public Health Centers, patients' negative emotions, limitations in self-monitoring blood glucose, and lack of patients' knowledge create barriers to conducting monitoring of diabetes. On the other hand, the frequent blood glucose and HbA1c testing was supported by positive perceptions of the importance of testing, ease of access, and the active roles of physicians, pharmacists, and insurance officials. The barriers and facilitators of continuous diabetes medication monitoring are key factors that pharmacists, physicians, and insurance officials should consider to ensure that medication effectiveness and safety are monitored effectively.

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