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Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Ahmad Dahlan Cirebon
ISSN : 25482114     EISSN : 25412027     DOI : https://doi.org/10.37874/ms
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
The Medical Sains journal is a scientific publication media published by the Muhammadiyah Cirebon College of Pharmacy which is published 4 (four) times in 1 (one) year, namely January-March, April-June, July-September and October-December. The journal contains research in the field of pharmacy covering the fields of formulation, pharmacology, communication pharmacy, A natural chemical chemistry, pharmacognomy and other health sciences which is a means for lecturers and researchers in the health sector to share knowledge and establish cooperation in implementing the Tri Dharma of Higher Education. Purpose and Scope The objective of the publication of the Medical Science journal is to publish articles in the field of pharmacy and other health as well as application of pharmaceutical . Based on this, the editorial board of Medical Sains invites lecturers and researchers to contribute to submit research articles related to the following themes: 1. Pharmaceutical formulation technology 2. Pharmacology 3. Community pharmacy 4. Clinical Pharmacy 5. Natural material chemistry 6. Pharmacognosy 7. Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry . All papers submitted to medical science journals will be examined by peer review partners who are tailored to their respective fields.
Arjuna Subject : Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics - Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Lain-Lain)
Articles 13 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 10 No 2 (2025)" : 13 Documents clear
INVENTORY OF MEDICINAL PLANTS AND THEIR UTILISATION BY THE COMMUNITY OF RENGEL SUB-DISTRICT, TUBAN DISTRICT Klau, Ivan Charles Seran; Ambari, Yani; Sulistiani, Vidia Dwi; Leki, Karol Giovani Battista; Oktadiana, Isma; Negara, Yohanes Adrian Kapri; Lepangkari, Jaka Seprianto
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 10 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Ahmad Dahlan Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v10i2.999

Abstract

Plant inventory is an activity aimed at documenting and classifying plant species within a specific area. This study investigated the utilization of traditional medicines in the Lengger District, Tuvan Province, focusing on the types of medicinal plants, their properties, uses, and the specific plant parts employed. A qualitative descriptive method was applied, and data were collected through observations and interviews. The sampling technique followed a snowball sampling approach, where key informants were identified based on predefined criteria, and additional informants were selected through recommendations. The findings revealed that the community in the Lengger District utilizes 54 types of medicinal plants for traditional healing practices. The conclusion of this research is that preserving traditional medicinal knowledge is very important to prevent the loss of information about the benefits and uses of medicinal plants that have been passed down from generation to generation. Further research is needed to reveal the bioactive content, effectiveness, and safety of medicinal plants so that they can be developed into scientifically based therapies. Given the community's dependence on medicinal plants, conservation efforts through sustainable cultivation and protection of natural habitats must be implemented to ensure their availability in the future and maintain ecosystem balance. Keywords: Inventory, Types of medicinal plants, Rengel District, Tuban Regency
ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF COMBINATION OF WHITE-PURPLE Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miq HERB EXTRACT AND Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni USING FRAP METHOD Faramayuda, Fahrauk; Syam, Akhirul Kahfi; Putri, Dhiffa Namira Alifia; Ismail, Nursafira Khairunnisa; Akbar, Tzazkia Febriyana; Farhan
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 10 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Ahmad Dahlan Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v10i2.1612

Abstract

Oxidative stress is caused by an increase or decrease in the antioxidant defense activity. Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miq and Stevia are two plants that contain antioxidant compounds and can bind free radical compounds. The combination of Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miq and Stevia was expected to increase antioxidant activity. This study aimed to determine the antioxidant activity of a combination of the Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miq white-purple variety and Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni extract. Antioxidant activity was tested using the FRAP method with a UV-visible spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 710 nm. The results of phytochemical screening showed that both plant extracts and dry material contained secondary metabolite compounds, including flavonoids, polyphenols, saponins, quinones, steroid-triterpenoids, and monoterpenes-sesquiterpenes. A qualitative test relating to antioxidants using TLC showed positive antioxidant activity, which was proven by the presence of green or blue light on the TLC plates. This was due to electron transfer in the compound, which reduced Fe3+ to Fe2+. On the other hand, quantitative measurements using the FRAP method showed the antioxidant capacity values consecutively, F1 combination extract (1:1) of 43.725 mg of QE/g extract, F2 combination extract (2:1) of 57.963 mg of QE/g extract, and combination extract of F3 (3:1) of 64.849 mg of QE/g extract. The extract combination of F3 showed the best formula, with a value of 64.849 mg QE/g extract.  Keywords: Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miq, Stevia, antioxidants, FRAP
OPTIMIZING STRESS ULCER PROPHYLAXIS: A CLINICAL AND COST EVALUATION IN RSUD WATES INTERNAL MEDICINE WARD Octavia, Mega; Firmansyah, Ade Achmad; Hadning, Ingenida
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 10 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Ahmad Dahlan Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v10i2.1637

Abstract

The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists (ASHP) 1999 listed guidelines for providing stress ulcer prophylaxis (SUP) therapy as the standard of care for critical patients in the ICU. However, numerous studies have shown that most patients admitted to non-intensive care units continue to receive acid suppressant prescriptions, without appropriate indications or risk factors. This can lead to increased morbidity and increased patient care costs. This study aimed to determine the utilization profile of stress ulcer prophylaxis, its appropriateness, and the costs incurred by patients for SUP. This was an observational study with a cross-sectional design based on medical records. The study participants were inpatients from the Internal Medicine Polyclinic at Wates Hospital who met the inclusion criteria from January to December 2021. The study revealed that the H2 receptor antagonist (H2RA), proton pump inhibitor (PPI), sucralfate, and antacid groups received 57.9 %, 35.7%, 6.1%, and 0.3% of preventive drugs, respectively. Of the 215 patients, 76 received appropriate indications, whereas 139 received inappropriate indications based on the guidelines. During the study period, the cost of using stress ulcer prophylaxis for patients with appropriate indications was IDR 15,344,812 (76%), whereas the cost of using inappropriate stress ulcer prophylaxis was IDR 5,965,572 (28%) of the total cost. Factors such as the length of stay (LOS), type and cost of each medication, and frequency of medication administration can influence the high cost of inappropriately indicated patients. Keywords: Stress ulcer prophylaxis (SUP), inpatients at Wates Hospital, therapy evaluation, cost analysis
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF GOLDEN SEA CUCUMBER (STICHOPUS HERRMANNI) ORAL SUSPENSION Fauzi, Ahmad; Santoso, Broto; Hidayatullah, Muhammad Haqqi; Zafarani Azzuhra, Alifia; Ahsaninnisa, Azizah
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 10 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Ahmad Dahlan Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v10i2.1683

Abstract

The Golden Sea Cucumber (Stichopus herrmanni) is widely recognized for its high protein and collagen content, making it valuable for medicinal applications, such as wound healing and tissue regeneration. The present study focused on formulating an oral suspension of sea cucumber extract, assessing its stability, and determining its protein content. Extraction was performed using a boiling method with distilled water to yield a protein-rich extract, which was then formulated into four suspension formulas (Formula 1, 2, 3, and 4) using pharmaceutical-grade excipients, including sorbitol, sodium CMC, and sodium benzoate. Protein quantification was conducted using the Biuret method with Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a standard and analyzed using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Stability testing over 1, 3, and 6 months was used to evaluate pH, viscosity, and sensory characteristics (odor, color, and taste). Among the four formulations, formula 4 demonstrated the highest stability, maintaining optimal homogeneity, sensory attributes, and pH, along with the highest protein concentration (8.10 mg/mL. These results highlight Formula 4 as the most promising because of its superior stability and protein content. This study underscores the challenges of long-term stability in protein-based suspensions, suggesting the need for further research into advanced excipient selection and encapsulation techniques to protect sensitive proteins. Overall, this research supports the potential use of marine-derived bioactive compounds in pharmaceutical applications, paving the way for sustainable healthcare and cosmetic products. Keywords: golden sea cucumber, Stichopus herrmanni, oral suspension formulation, stability test
SYNTHESIS OF DIHYDROPYRIMIDINONE DERIVATIVES AND CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITY TEST AGAINST T47D CANCER CELLS Hakimah, Wafiq Kholifatul; Fauzi, Ahmad; Ramadhan, Muhammad Reza; Maulina, Fariha Mufidah
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 10 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Ahmad Dahlan Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v10i2.1693

Abstract

Dihydropyrimidinone (DHPM) derivatives are heterocyclic compounds known for a variety of biological activities including anticancer properties. The Mitsunobu reaction was used in this study to synthesize a new DHPM derivative, ethyl 4-(4-isopropoxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl)-6-methyl-2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carboxylate (compound B2), and assess its cytotoxic activity against T47D breast cancer cells. Compound B2 was synthesized from ethyl 4-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl)-6-methyl-2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carboxylate (compound M1) using multicomponent reactions (MCR) and the Mitsunobu reaction with isopropyl alcohol as the pronucleophile. Compound B2 was characterized using melting point test, FTIR and LC-MS spectroscopy, which confirmed its structure, functional groups, and molecular weight of 334.13 g/mol. MTT assay was used to evaluate cytotoxic activity. Compound B2 had an IC50 value of 205.71 µg/mL, indicating weak cytotoxicity, whereas doxorubicin had an IC50 value of 3.33 µg/mL. Despite the low cytotoxicity of compound B2, this synthesis sheds light on the development of DHPM derivatives with potential anticancer properties. The results showed that the Mitsunobu reaction is useful for modifying DHPM derivatives and highlights the need for further optimization to improve cytotoxic potency. Keywords: Dihydropyrimidinone, Mitsunobu, Cytotoxicity, T47D
ARTICLE REVIEW: EFFECTIVENESS OF COMBINATION OF PLANT EXTRACTS AS ALTERNATIVE HYPERTENSION THERAPY Almasih, Royan; Hasimun, Patonah; Solihah, Nurlaella
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 10 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Ahmad Dahlan Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v10i2.1704

Abstract

Hypertension is a global health problem requiring effective and safe management. Conventional therapies often face challenges, such as drug resistance, side effects, and patient non-compliance, increasing the need for alternative therapies. This article aims to review the effectiveness of plant extract combinations as antihypertensive therapies. This study used a literature review approach to studies published in the last 10 years, focusing on the mechanism of action, effectiveness, and synergistic potential of plant combinations. The results showed that combinations such as Anredera cordifolia (ten.) v. Steenis and Sonchus arvensis L. provided a decrease in systolic blood pressure (SBP) by 27.95 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) by 33.89 mmHg, approaching the effectiveness of standard drugs such as valsartan. The main mechanisms include the inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), vasodilation through the release of nitric oxide (NO), and diuretic effects. The combination of plant extracts shows potential as a safe and effective alternative; however, further clinical trials are needed to strengthen these findings. Keywords: Combination of Plant Extracts, Antihypertensive, Alternative Therapy.
SYNTHESIS OF n-OCTYL CINNAMATE USING DCC COUPLING REAGENT ASSISTED BY ULTRASONIC WAVE AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY TESTS Devianti, Ananda Endah; Wildan, Achmad; Hanhadyanaputri, Eka Susanti
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 10 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Ahmad Dahlan Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v10i2.1714

Abstract

n-Octyl cinnamate is a cinnamic acid derivative that can be synthesized by an esterification reaction between cinnamic acid and n-octanol with the addition of a DCC coupling reagent (N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide), which is varied into three concentrations equivalent to 1:0.5, 1:0.75, and 1:1 moles of cinnamic acid. Ultrasonic waves assisted in the synthesis of n-octyl cinnamate at 2-8°C for 4 hours. The obtained n-octyl cinnamate was characterized by its organoleptic properties, solubility, melting point, TLC, FTIR-ATR, GC-MS, and antioxidant activity was measured using the DPPH assay. In the results, n-octyl cinnamate was obtained using DCC coupling reagent in 11.85; 14.83; and 35.83 % yields, respectively. This ester dissolves in methanol, ethanol, chloroform, ether, and n-hexane but is insoluble in water. It had a melting point range of 151.4-157.8 ºC. TLC shows that this ester has a different Rf value from that of the reactant. The FTIR spectrum showed suitable bonds with n-octyl cinnamate, as can be seen from its aromatic bands (C=C and C-H), which are characterized by the stretching of C=O and C-O bonds, aliphatic C=C, and aliphatic C-H absorptions. The results from the GC-MS analysis of the targeted compound appeared at 17.184 minutes with a 44.74% purity rate using synthesized n-ocytl cinnamate with the addition of 0,75 equivalent of DCC. The antioxidant activity test using the DPPH assay showed an IC50 value of 93.3375 ppm, indicating strong antioxidant activity. Keywords : antioxidant, esterification, ultrasonic wave, N,N?-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide,  n-octyl cinnamate
ESTERIFICATION OF CINNAMIC ACID WITH OCTANOL USING ULTRASONIC WAVE ASSISTED BY COUPLING REAGENT AS ANTIERYTHEMA Jeconiah, Daninda; Mutiara, Erlita Verdia; Indriyanti, Erwin; Wildan, Achmad
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 10 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Ahmad Dahlan Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v10i2.1715

Abstract

The n-octyl cinnamate compound, a cinnamate ester, is believed to have antierythema activity. This compound is naturally present in certain plant species; however, its quantity is limited. Steglich esterification can be used to produce n-octyl cinnamate, which involves the reaction of cinnamic acid with n-octanol using n,n'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) as a coupling reagent. Ultrasonic wave-assisted synthesis was performed to reduce the synthesis time and increase the yield of n-octyl cinnamate with time variations of 3, 4, and 5 hours at ± 2°C. The synthesized compounds were characterized by organoleptic properties, solubility, melting point, TLC, FTIR, and GC-MS tests. The synthetic compound occurred as a white powder, yielding 10.1% after an optimal duration of 4 hours. The compound was insoluble in distilled water but soluble in methanol, ethanol, chloroform, ether, and n-hexane. The compound has a melting range of 135.1-145.4°C, and the TLC results obtained different Rf values than the initial compound. FTIR test analysis showed the presence of C=C aromatic, C-H aromatic, C=O ester, C-O ester, C=C aliphatic, and C-H aliphatic group absorption by the n-octyl cinnamate compound. GC-MS analysis revealed a synthetic retention time of 17.193 minutes and an abundance of 35.40%. The antierythema activity of the synthesized n-octyl cinnamate compound was optimal at 100 ppm with a %TE of 1.661, classifying it as an extra protection category.  Keywords: anti-erythema, esterification, ultrasonic waves, n-octyl cinnamate, time.
REVIEW: INTERACTION OF GLIMEPIRIDE WITH HERBAL PLANTS Nurjaman, Jajang; Sulaeman, Agus
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 10 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Ahmad Dahlan Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v10i2.1717

Abstract

Glimepiride is a commonly prescribed oral antidiabetic drug for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, extensive simultaneous use of herbal plants increases the risk of notable interactions between herbs and drugs. This systematic review analyzed the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions between glimepiride and various medicinal plants, based on 20 selected studies published between 2014 and 2024. The results show that several herbs including Berberine hydrochloride, Licorice, Quercetin, Aloe vera, Ocimum sanctum, and Fenugreek can alter glimepiride’s metabolism, enhance its bioavailability, and increase insulin secretion, potentially amplifying its hypoglycemic effect. Although these interactions may improve therapeutic outcomes, they also increase the risk of hypoglycemia, indicating that careful monitoring and professional supervision are essential when using herbal supplements alongside glimepiride.  Keywords: Pharmacokinetic pharmacodynamics, glimepiride interaction, herbal plants.
RATIONALITY AND COST COMPARISON OF OUTPATIENT TYPE 2 DM THERAPY UNDER INA-CBGS: A LITERATURE REVIEW Eka Gumilang, Nurani; Sulaeman, Agus
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 10 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Ahmad Dahlan Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v10i2.1720

Abstract

This literature review evaluates the rationality of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) therapy and analyzes the cost comparison between treatment expenses and Indonesian Case-Based Groups (INA-CBGs) tariffs for outpatient hospital care. The findings indicate that evidence-based therapy is essential for improving clinical effectiveness and cost efficiency. Several studies have highlighted significant discrepancies between actual outpatient treatment costs and INA-CBGs tariffs, with pharmaceutical expenses being the primary factor contributing to hospital cost deficits. A review was conducted using 11 peer-reviewed studies from 2019 to 2024, selected based on inclusion criteria such as relevance to outpatient T2DM therapy under INA-CBGs, full-text availability, and publication in Indonesian or English language. This review recommends policy adjustments to strengthen a transparent claims system, optimize an evidence-based national formulary, and enhance complication prevention strategies to improve the efficiency of DM management in Indonesia. Keywords: rationality of therapy, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, treatment cost, INA-CBGs, hospital, outpatient

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