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Nanang Yunarto
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INDONESIA
Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesia
Published by Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Biomedis dan Teknologi Dasar Kesehatan
ISSN : 2085675X     EISSN : 23548770     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Chemistry Medicine & Pharmacology
Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Traditional Medicines, and Pharmaceutical Care.
Arjuna Subject : Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics - Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Lain-Lain)
Articles 10 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "VOLUME 13, NUMBER 2, AUGUST 2023" : 10 Documents clear
Formulation of Instant Granules from Ethanolic Extract of Melinjo Peel (Gnetum gnemon L) Extract as Anti-Hyperuricemia Sari, Diah Permata; Fahriati, Andriyani Rahmah; Maelaningsih, Firdha Senja
Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesia VOLUME 13, NUMBER 2, AUGUST 2023
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Biomedis dan Teknologi Dasar Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/jki.v13i2.6290

Abstract

Melinjo (Gnetum gnemon L) is extensively found in Indonesia, and all of its components are highly employed, with the fruit being the most commonly used. However, melinjo fruit can induce hyperuricemia if ingested excessively since it contains purines, which can raise uric acid levels. Several investigations have found that melinjo peel can lower uric acid levels in experimental rats in vivo. As a result, the goal of this study is to create and evaluate immediate granule formulations of melinjo peel extract. Plant determination, standardization of specified parameters, standardization of non-specific parameters, formulation, and physical and chemical assessment of instant granules of melinjo peel extract are all steps of the technique. This study employed two instant granule formulations of melinjo peel extract FI and FII with varying PVP concentrations (1g FI and 3g FII). Flow time testing, angle of repose testing, compressibility index testing, water content testing, and dissolving time testing were all part of the physical examination of instant granules. The chemical evaluation took the form of a UV-Vis spectrophotometer study of total flavonoid levels in instant extracts and granules. The FI and FII instant granule formulas had a yellow color, the flow time test results were in a good category (44 g/s and 81 g/s), the angle of repose test results was in the very good flow properties category (19° and 16°), the compressibility test results, the water content test, and the dissolving time test were performed in triplo, in 0, 7th, and 14th day, and the results were in a good category. In conclusion, the physical features of instant granules of FI and FII melinjo peel extracts fulfilled the requirements for all test parameters and had a high possibility to be produced as anti hyperuricemia preparations.
Maja Fruit (Crescentia cujete L.) Potential as a Laxative in Mice Teodhora, Teodhora; Manalu, Rosario Trijuliamos; Kusuma, Ika Maruya; Azizah, Shandy
Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesia VOLUME 13, NUMBER 2, AUGUST 2023
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Biomedis dan Teknologi Dasar Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/jki.v13i2.6300

Abstract

Constipation is a digestive disorder that anyone with symptoms of complex, uneven, and irregular bowel movements commonly experiences. This study aims to determine the laxative effect of maja extract (Crescentia cujete L.) on male white mice (Mus musculus) induced by loperamide. This fruit has been reported to be used as an analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and for digestive system disorders. The method used to test laxative activity is the intestinal transit method. Parameters observed included stool weight, defecation frequency, feces consistency, and not passage length in the intestine of mice. The extract was administered orally at a dose of 125 mg/kg BW, 250 mg/kg BW and 500 mg/kg BW; as a comparison, a negative control (CMC Na) and a positive control (docusate sodium) were used.  Phytochemical screening of maja extract contains alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins. The best results were obtained maja fruit can provide a therapeutic laxative effect through the molecular mechanism of secondary metabolites in loperamide-induced test animals.
Formulation and Evaluation of Gummy Candy from the Extract of Jathropa Leaf (Jatropha curcas L.) Aulia, Gina; Sayyidah, Sayyidah; Fadhilah, Humaira; Ismaya, Nurwulan Adi; Indah, Fenita Purnama Sari
Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesia VOLUME 13, NUMBER 2, AUGUST 2023
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Biomedis dan Teknologi Dasar Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/jki.v13i2.6429

Abstract

People are becoming more interested in nutraceutical preparations to maintain health as the world's health problems worsen. Jatropha curcas leaves (Jatropha curcas L.) have anthelmintic properties due to tannin compounds that act as anti-worms. This study aims to produce jelly candy preparations from Jatropha curcas leaves and evaluate these preparations. There are two stages of research: raw material preparation and verification, and jelly candy formulation. This study showed that the best concentration of Jatropha leaf extract was Formula 2. Based on the phytochemical test, there were alkaloids in the Jatropha leaf extract.  The pH value of gummy candies preparations of castor leaf extract, weight uniformity test, passed the moisture content test because they met the requirements for a wide range of dosage values. Meanwhile, the Hedonic Test results show that Formula 2 is the most preferred by children. So, based on the evaluation and hedonic test results, Formula 2 is the best preparation for jelly candy from jatropha leaves.
Evaluation of the Use of Antibiotics in the COVID-19 Ward at A North Jakarta Hospital Arrang, Sherly Tandi; Buntoro, Leonardo; Notario, Dion
Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesia VOLUME 13, NUMBER 2, AUGUST 2023
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Biomedis dan Teknologi Dasar Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/jki.v13i2.6539

Abstract

The misuse of antibiotics can lead to antibiotic drug resistance, which can increase morbidity and mortality. In order to stop the emergence of antibiotic drug resistance, the WHO recommends routinely assessing the usage of antibiotics. When the COVID-19 epidemic broke out, antibiotic consumption significantly increased compared to the prior year. The panic buying phenomenon also appeared during the COVID-19 pandemic. As a result of this circumstance, medications like antibiotics become rare. The abuse of antibiotics during the COVID-19 pandemic may have contributed to the spread of antibiotic resistance more frequently. This study was conducted to evaluate and describe the use of antibiotic drugs in COVID-19 ward patients at a North Jakarta regional hospital for the period April 2020 – April 2021. This study was an observational study design. The Gyssens method and the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical/Defined Daily Doses (ATC/DDD) methodology, respectively, evaluate the effectiveness of antibiotic use on a quantitative and qualitative level. There were 24 different types of antibiotics used, and 161 respondents all met the criterion for inclusion. The most widely used antibiotic was azithromycin, with a DDD/100 patient days value of 25.15. According to Gyssen’s evaluation, 92.6% of antibiotic usage was rational and 7.4% was irrational.
In Silico Study and Pharmacokinetics Prediction of ɛ-Viniferin Compound as Anticancer Drug Candidate Dewi, I Gusti Ayu Intan Puspita; Yuda, Putu Era Sandhi Kusuma; Rahadi, I Wayan Surya
Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesia VOLUME 13, NUMBER 2, AUGUST 2023
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Biomedis dan Teknologi Dasar Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/jki.v13i2.6556

Abstract

The ɛ-Viniferin (ɛ-VNF) is a resveratrol dimer found in grapes (Vitis vinifera) which is thought to have anticarcinogenic activity. Breast cancer is one of the biggest causes of mortality in women. Current conventional chemotherapy can give negative side effects for cancer patients. Therefore, exploration to find an alternative modality is required. HER2 (Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2) and CDK6 (Cyclin Dependent Kinase 6) are two proteins that play an important role in breast cancer cell proliferation and differentiation. This study aimed to determine the potential of ɛ-VNF in inhibiting HER2 and CDK6 by molecular docking study. This research was conducted in silico using AutoDockTools v1.5.7 software. The results were validated with PyMOL and visualized in Discovery Studio Visualizer software to see the amino acid residues generated. Prediction of pharmacokinetics and toxicity profiles of the compound were performed with SwissADME and ADMETLab web tools. The results showed that ɛ-VNF was able to bind to HER2 and CDK6 receptors with binding energies of -10,45 kcal/mol and -7,56 kcal/mol, respectively. In silico pharmacokinetics and toxicity studies showed that ɛ-VNF fulfills Lipinski’s Rule of Five and has the potential to be used as a drug candidate. Overall, the results of this study indicate that ɛ-VNF has the potential to be further investigated and developed as an anticancer drug candidate through inhibition of HER2 and CDK6 receptors.
Formulation of Serum Using a Combination of Tamanu Oil and Tea Tree Oil as Antiacne Ermawati, Dian; Cahyani, Pradina Zustrian; Shahnaz, Ifa; Juniarty, Amelya; Mahardhika, Chandra Leony; Chasanah, Uswatun
Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesia VOLUME 13, NUMBER 2, AUGUST 2023
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Biomedis dan Teknologi Dasar Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/jki.v13i2.6570

Abstract

Acne is a chronic inflammation of the skin caused by bacteria. Tamanu oil contains neoflavonoids and tea tree oil contains terpenes-4-ol, both of which have good antibacterial agents. The combination of Tamanu oil and tea tree oil will produce a preparation synergistic in inhibiting bacterial growth. This study was to determine the best formula for serum preparations with good characteristics and stability against bacteria without irritating the skin. Serum formulation in three different concentrations of Tamanu oil is 0.5%, 0.75%, and 1%, each combined with 2% tea tree oil. Then the characteristics test (organoleptic, homogeneity, viscosity, dispersibility, and pH), stability test (organoleptic, homogenous, and pH) using cyclic temperature stress testing, and antibacterial test against Staphylococcus aureus and Propionibacterium acnes using well-diffusion method and irritation test using Hen’s egg test chorioallantoic membrane (HET-CAM) were carried out. The results showed that the overall viscosity, spreadability, and pH matched the specification, were stable, and had no irritation effect. Serum formulation containing Tamanu oil 1% and tea tree oil 2% is the best antibacterial activity which zones inhibition of 12.5 mm on Propionibacterium acnes and 11.6 mm on Staphylococcus aureus.
Cytotoxic Activity of Eugenia polyantha Wight Young Leaves Purification Extract and Fraction on T47D Hidayati, Devi Nisa; Safitri, Erika Indah; Yumni, Gharsina Ghaisani; Salsabiila, Iqna; Rahayu, Putri
Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesia VOLUME 13, NUMBER 2, AUGUST 2023
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Biomedis dan Teknologi Dasar Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/jki.v13i2.6607

Abstract

Breast cancer is a cancer that ranks the highest incidence in Indonesia. One of the plants that can be used for this treatment is a bay leaf (Eugenia polyantha Wight). Purification techniques can optimize the extraction of flavonoid compounds to create larger concentrations of these substances. Old bay leaves' ethyl acetate fraction has lethal effects on T47D cancer cells. In this work, the amounts of flavonoids and the cytotoxic activity of young bay leaves' pure extract and ethyl acetate fraction against T47D cells are to be determined. By using the maceration process, two phases of methanol extraction from young bay leaves were produced. In the first stage, ethyl acetate was used to partially purify the material, and in the second stage, n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and water. Cytotoxic tests of purified extract and ethyl acetate fraction of young bay leaves were carried out at 200; 350; 500; 750; and 1000 µg/mL. Cytotoxicity test using the MTT assay method. IC50 value analysis using linear regression. Determination of total flavonoid content using a UV-Visible spectrophotometer with a comparator compound, quercetin. The results showed that the purified extract of young bay leaves and the ethyl acetate fraction of methanol extract of young bay leaves had cytotoxic activity with IC50 values of 570.57 ± 30.72 µg/mL and  588.45 ± 6.90 µg/mL, respectively. Total flavonoid levels were 9.80 ± 0.05 mgQE/g and 5.99 ± 0.06 mgQE/g.The purified extract and ethyl acetate fraction on young bay leaf extract (Eugenia polyantha Wight) had cytotoxic activity on T47D cells and the highest levels of flavonoids in the purified extract.
Analysis of Length of Stay (LOS) of Diabetes Mellitus Patients with COVID-19 Confirmed at One of Bantul Private Hospitals Masfiyah, Lukluul; Estiningsih, Daru; Astuti, Witri Susila; Hadi, Ninisita Sri
Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesia VOLUME 13, NUMBER 2, AUGUST 2023
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Biomedis dan Teknologi Dasar Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/jki.v13i2.6608

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most common health problems affecting millions of people in the world. Based on data from the Indonesian COVID-19 Handling Task Force, as of May 2021, it is known that the prevalence of DM as a comorbid COVID-19 is 33.6%. The variety of clinical conditions that accompany DM cases makes the complexity of patient care increase, which results in variations in patient LOS as one of the quality indicators to support better management and to improve the quality of service for DM patients confirmed with COVID-19 and not confirmed COVID-19. The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not there is a difference in the Length of Stay (LOS) of DM patients confirmed with COVID-19 and not confirmed with COVID-19 with the type of observational analytic cross-sectional design. Result Research shows that based on the Mann-Whitney test used to determine the difference in length of stay between DM patients confirmed with COVID-19 and not confirmed COVID-19, they get significant results, namely p-value = 0.000 (p<0.050). It can be concluded that there is a difference between the Length Of Stay (LOS) of Diabetes Miletus patients confirmed with COVID-19 and diabetes mellitus patients who are not confirmed with COVID-19.
Antioxidant and Inhibition Lipase Enzyme Activity of Centella asiatica Leaf Extract Yunarto, Nanang; Mawadatun, Ummi; Reswandaru, Uud Nourma; Sopian, Ahmad; Isnawati, Ani; Alegantina, Sukmayati
Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesia VOLUME 13, NUMBER 2, AUGUST 2023
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Biomedis dan Teknologi Dasar Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/jki.v13i2.6609

Abstract

Hyperlipidemia and many other metabolic diseases are related to oxidative stress. Centella asiatica is a herbal medicine with reported antioxidant effect in vitro. Centella asiatica contains secondary metabolites asiaticoside which are included in the terpenoid group. The study evaluated the respective antioxidant potential and lipase enzyme inhibition of Centella asiatica leaves extract (CAE). Centella asiatica were extracted in ethanol, and the extract was assayed for the measurement of asiaticoside. Ethanolic extracts of asiaticoside content were prepared for HPLC analysis The antioxidant potential of extracts was assessed by its free radical scavenging activity such as 2, 2-diphenyl -1-picrylhydrazyl as well as reducing. The anti-hyperlipidemic effect was evaluated in vitro lipase inhibitory activity test carried out enzymatically using the ELISA method with simvastatin as a comparison. The results showed asiaticoside contain in CAE 1.26%; the IC50 value of the antioxidant test of CAE was 11.38 g/mL; the IC50 value of the lipase enzyme in the CAE was 26.14 g/mL. The antioxidant activity of CAE is categorized as very strong and has the potential to inhibit lipase enzymes. The study suggests that CAE has the potential to inhibit lipase activity, suppressing lipid digestion and thereby diminishing entry of lipids into the body.  
The Effect of Temperature on Formaldehyde Migration and the Validation of Analytical Methods Used in Herbal Plastic Packaging Nisma, Fatimah; Riyanti, Hurip Budi; Julanda, Delta
Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesia VOLUME 13, NUMBER 2, AUGUST 2023
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Biomedis dan Teknologi Dasar Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/jki.v13i2.6611

Abstract

Plastic as food packaging has been the subject of extensive research, but plastic as packaging for herbs does not yet exist. As an additive, plastic made from the monomer and urea-formaldehyde is utilized. At elevated temperatures, formaldehyde can decompose due to the degradation of the monomer, followed by oxidation and the severing of the carbon chain. Formaldehyde can migrate to the bundled material, which is hazardous to human health. This study aimed to ascertain the impact of temperature on the migration of formaldehyde from plastic used to wrap herbs. The sample is a plastic bag used to wrap herbs, and NIR (Near Infrared) is used to determine the variety of plastic. Formaldehyde migration was determined by heating the sample between 40 and 80 degrees Celsius, and formaldehyde was analyzed using the UV-Vis spectrophotometer method with Nash reagent. The absorbance of formaldehyde was measured with a spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 412 nm. The type of plastic obtained was PP (Poly Propylene). The equation for the formaldehyde calibration curve is y = 0.0197x + 0.1218 with a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.999. The migration of formaldehyde was measured after heating plastic to temperatures between 40 and 80 degrees Celsius. The released formaldehyde concentrations ranged from 7.35 to 13.47 µg/mL. Validation of the analytical method revealed the formaldehyde detection limit (LOD) to be 0.8024 µg/mL and the quantity limit (LOQ) to be 2.6745 µg/mL, with a precision of 1 and an accuracy of 97,462-113,851%, thereby satisfying the meticulous, exhaustive, and precise criteria.

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