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Ahmad Shafwan S. Pulungan
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Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Negeri Medan Jl. Willem Iskandar Psr V Medan Estate, Sumatera Utara
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JBIO: jurnal biosains (the journal of biosciences)
Published by Universitas Negeri Medan
ISSN : 24431230     EISSN : 24606804     DOI : https://doi.org/10.24114/jbio.v6i1
Core Subject : Health, Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology
Jurnal Biosains (JBIO) features works of exceptional significance, originality, and relevance in all areas of biological science, from molecules to ecosystems, (ie genetic, microbiology, ecology, biosystematic, biostatistic) including works at the interface of other disciplines, such as chemistry, medicine,physic and mathematics. We also welcome data-driven meta-research articles that evaluate and aim to improve the standards of research in the life sciences and beyond. Our audience is the international scientific community as well as educators, policy makers, patient advocacy groups, and interested members of the public around the world.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 269 Documents
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FORMULASI DAN EVALUASI SEDIAAN PERONA PIPI (Blush on) DARI EKSTRAK ETANOL BUNGA KECOMBRANG (Etlingera elatior (Jack) R. M. Sm.)DALAM BENTUK CREAM Modesta Harmoni Tarigan; vivi Asfianti; Grace Anastasia Ginting
JBIO: jurnal biosains (the journal of biosciences) Vol 7, No 2 (2021): Jurnal Biosains
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/jbio.v7i2.26604

Abstract

Bunga kecombrang terdapat senyawa yang berperan penting dalam memberikan warna yaitu antosianin. Senyawa ini termasuk dalam golongan flavonoid. Oleh karena itu, ekstrak etanol bunga kecombrang ini digunakan sebagai pewarna alami dalam sediaan perona pipi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pewarna alami dari ekstrak etanol bunga kecombrang (Etlingera elatior (Jack) R. M. Sm.)pada sediaan kosmetik dan untuk mengetahui ekstrak etanol bunga kecombrang (Etlingera elatior (Jack) R. M. Sm.) dapat digunakan sebagai pewarna alami pada formulasi sediaan perona pipi dalam bentuk cream. Metode Penelitian yang dilakukan secara eksperimental yang meliputi pembuatan ekstrak, formulasi sediaan menggunakan ekstrak bunga kecombrang dengan konsentrasi 5%, 7,5% dan 10%. Pemeriksaan mutu fisik sediaan seperti uji organoleptis, uji homogenitas, uji stabilitas, uji daya lekat, uji oles, uji pH, uji iritasi, dan uji kesukaan terhadap sediaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari uji kesukaan sediaan yang paling disukai adalah pewarna dengan konsentrasi zat warna ekstrak bunga kecombrang dengan konsentrasi 7,5% dan 10%. Dari hasil penelitian yang dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa zat warna ekstrak etanol bunga kecombrang dapat digunakan sebagai pewarna dalam formulasi sediaan perona pipi. Semakin bertambah konsentrasi ekstrak bunga kecombrang yang digunakan dalam formula maka semakin bertambah pekat warna sediaan perona pipi yang dihasilkan. Perona pipi dengan konsentrasi 5% berwarna peach, perona pipi dengan konsentrasi 7,5% berwarna merah jambu, dan perona pipi dengan konsentrasi 10% berwarna merah jambu terang. 
FORMULATION AND TESTING OF ANTICONVULSANT ACTIVITY OF TITANUS LEAVES (Leea aequanta L.) ETHANOLIC EXTRACT CAPSULES ON GUINEA PIG (Cavia cobaya) TRACHEA SMOOTH MUSCLE IN VITRO Dian Ika Perbina Meliala; Sofia Rahmi; Delisma Simorangkir Simorangkir; Beriman Putra Harefa
JBIO: jurnal biosains (the journal of biosciences) Vol 7, No 3 (2021): Jurnal Biosains
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/jbio.v7i3.28388

Abstract

The main obstacle to consuming traditional medicine is the compounding process which is considered troublesome so that it often causes discomfort to consume it. For the purpose of efficiency, easy and practical in use, need to be made in dosage forms such as capsules. Capsules are solid preparations consisting of a drug in a soluble hard or soft shell. Titanus leaf (Leea aequata L.) is a medicinal plant that is used by the people of the Tanah Karo area, North Sumatra Province as an antitetanus drug. Tetanus is an acute and often fatal disease caused by an exotoxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium tetani. Tetanus often begins with a mild spasm of the jaw muscles which is often referred to as trismus. Sometimes the spasm affects the muscles that help with breathing, which can cause breathing problems. The aim of this study was to formulate EEDT capsules and to test its anticonvulsant activity on the smooth muscle of the guinea pig trachea in vitro. The relaxation effect was tested after the guinea pig's trachea was contracted with acetylcholine (EC80 = 1,0454 x 10-3 M), then the cumulative concentration of EEDT capsules was 0.5-4 mg/mL and atropine sulfate concentration of 6.95 x 10-6 - 2.08 x 10-2 mg/mL. The results of the relaxation effect test showed that EEDT granules could reduce acetylcholine-induced guinea pig trachea smooth muscle contraction. EEDT granules at a concentration of 3.5 mg/mL (102,8817 ± 0,1316) had the same ability as atropine sulfate 6.95 x 10-3 mg/mL (102,7748 ± 0,3231) in reducing guinea pig trachea smooth muscle contraction induced by acetylcholine 1,0454 x 10-3 M (p>0.005). EEDT capsules with a concentration of 3.5 mg and 4 mg had the same effectiveness, that is 102,8817 ± 0,1316. From this study, it can be concluded that the EEDT capsule preparation has a relaxing effect on the smooth muscle of the isolated guinea pig trachea with an ability that is not much different from atropine sulfate.
DNA BARCODING of Zingiber loerzingii Valeton USING Ribulose-1,5-biphosphate Carboxylase-Oxygenase Large subunit Gene (rbcL) GENE LOCUS Ladiez Rahmayani Sagala; Lazuardi Lazuardi; Fauziyah Harahap; Kartika Manalu; Zahratul Idami; Eko Prasetya
JBIO: jurnal biosains (the journal of biosciences) Vol 7, No 3 (2021): Jurnal Biosains
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/jbio.v7i3.28921

Abstract

DNA barcode is one of the molecular techniques used to identify and classify living things. Z. loerzingii is currently reported as a rare and endemic plants that is only found in North Sumatra. Scientific studies for Z. Loerzingii is measly done so that the information about this plant is limited while a clear identity on a plant is essential to discover the potential. This study aims to determine the molecular characteristics of Z. loerzingii by using DNA barcodes and assessing the phylogenetic relationship based on the rbcL gene locus. DNA was isolated with a commercial kit. The rbcL gene locus in the chloroplast genome of Z. loerzingii amplified using the Polymerase Chain Reaction technique to produce amplicon with the length approximately 600 bp. Consensus sequence merging generate a sequence with 576 bp length. The phylogenetic tree reconstruction was carried out using the Neighbor-Joining method and the Kimura-2-Parameter calculation model showed Z. loerzingii included in the monophyletic group with Zingiber mioga and Zingiber officinale as the sister taxa. The results for the molecular diversity analysis of Z. Loerzingii point out that in all samples of Z. loerzingii which collected from Cagar Alam Sibolangit have no molecular or genetic diversity. Therefore, it can be concluded that DNA barcoding with the rbcL gene locus can be used as a method to identify Z. loerzingii molecularly and efficient in determining their phylogenetic with other species.
PERTUMBUHAN DAN METABOLIT SEKUNDER Chlorella sorokiniana YANG DIKULTUR PADA LIMBAH CAIR TAHU Devy Susanty; Ade Ayu Oksari
JBIO: jurnal biosains (the journal of biosciences) Vol 7, No 3 (2021): Jurnal Biosains
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/jbio.v7i3.29015

Abstract

The utilization of waste as a culture medium can reduce production costs and become one of the ways to handle the waste. Tofu wastewater is one of the most produced wastes. It has potential as a growing medium for Chlorella sorokiniana because it contains macronutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. This study aimed to determine the growth of C. sorokiniana in tofu liquid waste media (LCT), to determine the secondary metabolite content and total phenolic content of C. sorokiniana ethanol extract from cultured tofu waste media. C. sorokiniana was cultured at various concentrations of 15, 20, 25, and 30% LCT media. The best growth was obtained on LCT media with a concentration of 30%. The C. sorokiniana biomass obtained from cultivation on the best media was extracted using the repeated maceration method with solvent. The phytochemical test identified the secondary metabolites in the extract. The test results showed the presence of a class of alkaloid compounds, flavonoids, tannins and terpenoids. The total phenolic test was carried out by Folin Ciocalteau reagent, and the results obtained was 14,16 mg GAE/g. The total flavonoids of the extract were 40.59 mg QE/g. 
DIVERSITY AND DOMINANCE INSECT PARASITOIDS OF THE BANANA SKIPPER PEST (Erionota thrax L.) IN BANANA AGROECOSYSTEMS Hendrival Hendrival; Zulkarnain Zulkarnain; Muhammad Muaz Munauwar
JBIO: jurnal biosains (the journal of biosciences) Vol 7, No 3 (2021): Jurnal Biosains
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/jbio.v7i3.26875

Abstract

Banana skipper pest (Erionota thrax L., Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae) are insect pests associated with banana plants. Control his can done by using parasitoid insects. The research aimed to study to diversity and dominance of insects parasitoid associated with banana skippers at agroecosystem banana. A sample is group eggs and roll leaf banana attacked by the banana skipper as much 40 samples (20 samples of larvae and pupae) and 20 group eggs per sample area. The results showed that species parasitoid found included parasitoid eggs is Ooencyrtus erionotae (Encyrtdae), Pediobius erionotae (Eulophidae), Anastatus sp. (Eupelmidae), and Agiommatus sumatraensis (Pteromalidae). Parasitoid larval and pupal are Cotesia erionotae (Braconidae) and Brachymeria lasus (Chalcididae). The number of individuals highest found in P. erionotae and lowest on Anastatus sp.  An index diversity of 1.2832 classified as moderate and an index evenness of 0.7161 classified as high. The level of parasitization highest on species P. erionotae at 48.73%, followed by O. erionotae at 42.50%, and lowest on Anastatus sp. at 1.75%. The level of parasitization at stages larval and pupae only reached 2.78 and 6.11%.
THE INFLUENCE OF SHIFTWORK ON LIVER DYSFUNCTION OF WORKERS AT INALUM COMPANY KUALA ANJUNG, NORTH SUMATERA Royman S Panjaitan; Sartini Sartini; Ida Fauziah
JBIO: jurnal biosains (the journal of biosciences) Vol 8, No 1 (2022): JBIO: jurnal biosains (the journal of biosciences)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/jbio.v8i1.32398

Abstract

This study was conducted to determine the effect of the shiftwork system on liver dysfunction workers characterized by elevated of liver function enzymes SGOT (Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase) and SGPT (Serum Glutamic Pyruvate Transaminase) in the employees at Inalum Company at Kuala Tanjung. The research was derived from primary and secondary data. Primary data was conducted by a direct examination of SGOT and SGPT enzymes at liver (expressed in Unit units per liter of blood serum (U/L). The secondary data obtained from the Smelter Public Relations. All data obtained were analyzed using paired t-test analysis techniques by comparing SGOT and SGPT enzymes between 324 shift and non-shift workers. Results showed significant differences in SGOT and SGPT among 162 employees with shift work from the average SGOT period I 34.4 U/L rise to 42.0 U/L in period II and the average SGPT at period I was 62.5 U/L to 73.4 U/L in period II. While the average SGOT and SGPT among 162 non-shift employees also increased, but still in normal limit (SGOT <35 U/L and SGPT <45 U/L). Employees with a shift work system experienced an elevated of SGOT and SGPT which resulted impact on liver dysfunction caused by fatigue and no resting time. Whereas non-shift employees experienced an elevated of SGOT and SGPT but have no affect liver dysfunction.
BIODIVERSITY REVIEW FROM EVOLUTION AND ITS INFLUENCES ON CLIMATE Jamilah Nasution; Ferdinand Susilo; Nurmaini Ginting; Radiansyah Hadi Chandra
JBIO: jurnal biosains (the journal of biosciences) Vol 8, No 1 (2022): JBIO: jurnal biosains (the journal of biosciences)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/jbio.v8i1.33011

Abstract

Biodiversity refers to the variety of organisms, including genes, species, and ecosystems in a given area. Biodiversity plays an important role in evolutionary processes and in maintaining the balance between the biosphere ecosystem and biological systems. Climate change is equally important to contribute to the sustainability of biodiversity. Factors causing ecosystem damage include human population, habitat conversion and transformation, overexploitation, invasive species, pollution, and climate change. By stopping the rate of loss of biodiversity that is occurring in the world, it will automatically invest in the survival and welfare of every human being.
ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY TEST CAUSES INFECTIONS ON THE SKIN FROM THE ENDOPHYTIC FUNGI OF BASIL LEAVES (Ocimum sanctum L.) Uswatun Hasanah; Ahmad Shafwan S Pulungan; Endang Sulistyarini Gultom
JBIO: jurnal biosains (the journal of biosciences) Vol 7, No 3 (2021): Jurnal Biosains
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/jbio.v7i3.28837

Abstract

The aim of this study was to fund isolates of endophytic fungi from basil leaves (Ocimum sanctum L) which had inhibition against the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis dan Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria. The specific target to be achieved from this research is the inhibition of each isolate of the basil leaf endophytic fungus (Ocimum sanctum L) against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis dan Streptococcus pyogenes.This study produced 26 isolates of endophytic fungi from basil leaves (Ocimum sanctum L), two (2) which has inhibitory power against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis dan Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria. 
FORMULATION AND TEST THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ANTIHYPERLIPIDEMIC COMBINATION OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF BITTER MELON (Momordica charantia L.) AND RED GINGER (Zingiber officinale rosc var.rubrum) AGAINST WHITE MALE RATS (Rattus norvegicus) Delisma Marsauli Simorangkir; Wahyudi Wahyudi
JBIO: jurnal biosains (the journal of biosciences) Vol 7, No 3 (2021): Jurnal Biosains
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/jbio.v7i3.28524

Abstract

Cholesterol, is one of the energy sources that provides the highest calories. In addition, cholesterol excess can cause disease.One of a plant that can reduce cholesterol levels is the combination of bitter melon and red ginger which contains flavonoids to lower cholesterol levels. This study aimed was to determine the effectiveness of the combination of red ginger rhizome extract with bitter melon in lowering cholesterol levels, and to determine the most effective dose of combination of red ginger rhizome extract with bitter melon in lowering cholesterol levels. Extraction was carried out by percolation using 96% ethanol solvent, then made into capsules, cholesterol testing was carried out using an experimental method using 35 male white rats induced with duck egg yolk and divided into 7 groups.Each group of 5 animals were given  1% CMC Na, simvastatin, ethanol extract of bitter melon fruit 100mg/Kgbb, ethanol extract of red ginger rhizome 100mg/Kgbb, ethanol extract of fruit bitter melon and red ginger each 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, 150 mg/kg.The results of cholesterol testing in each the treatment group, the best reduction in cholesterol levels was combination doses of 150 mg/kgBW of bitter melon and 150 mg/kgBW of red ginger. Based the results of this study. The best reduction in cholesterol levels was the combination group with a dose of 150 mg/kgBW of bitter melon and 150 mg/kgBW of red ginger which was comparable to the simvastatin in reducing cholesterol levels.Kolesterolmerupakan salah satu sumber energi yang memberikan kalori paling tinggi. Jika dalam jumlah berlebih dapat menyebabkan penyakit. Tanaman yang dapat menurunkan kadar kolesterol adalah buah pare dan jahe merah yang memiliki kandungan flavonoid untuk menurunkan kadar kolesterol.Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efektivitas serta dosis yang paling efektif kombinasi ekstrak rimpang jahe merah dengan buah pare dalam menurunkan  kadar kolesterol. Ekstraksi dilakukan secara perkolasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96%, lalu dibuat dalam sediaan kapsul, uji kolesterol dilakukan menggunakan metode eksperimental menggunakan 35 ekor tikus putih jantan yang diinduksi dengan kuning telur bebek dan dibagi menjadi 7 kelompok. Tiap kelompok sebanyak 5 ekor diberikan CMC Na 1%, simvastatin, ekstrak etanol buah pare 100mg/Kgbb, ekstrak etanol rimpang jahe merah 100mg/Kgbb, ekstrak etanol buah pare dan jahe merah masing-masing 50mg/Kgbb, 100 mg/Kgbb, 150 mg/Kgbb. Dari hasil penelitian ini hasil evaluasi sediaan kapsul memenuhi syarat. Hasil pengujian kolesterol dari kelompok perlakuan, penurunan kadar kolesterol yang paling baik dosis 150 mg/kgBB buah pare dan 150 mg/kgBB jahe merah. Penurunan kadar kolestrol yang paling baik adalah kelompok kombinasi masing-masing dosis 150 mg/kgbb yang sebanding dengan simvastatin.
PAINTED TERRAPIN (Batagur borneoensis) PREFERENCE ON NESTING SITE IN SERUWAY DISTRICT, ACEH TAMIANG Hana Shafira Aulia; Mufti Sudibyo; Lazuardi Lazuardi
JBIO: jurnal biosains (the journal of biosciences) Vol 7, No 3 (2021): Jurnal Biosains
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/jbio.v7i3.18404

Abstract

Painted terrapin (Batagur borneoensis) is a critically endangered freshwater turtle that has an annual migration behavior from freshwater rivers to the coast during the breeding season. In the habitat selection, painted terrapin also have a tendency that is influenced by certain factors to meet their needs. This underlies the possible of environmental characteristics influence on their nesting site selection and the eggs production. This study aims to determine the correlation between eggs amount that obtained from each nest with : 1) distance of nesting site from vegetation, 2) distance between each nests, 3) distance nesting site from coastline, and 4) the slope of nesting site. Data collected by observation in the field and using Purposive sampling method to determine 4 research stations. Data was analyzed with multiple linear regression analysis by using IBM SPSS 22. The results showed the types of vegetation around the nesting sites were Casuarina sp., Ipomoea pes-caprae, Cyperus sp., Scaevola taccada, Thespesia populnea and Avicennia sp. The result showed the average of distance between nesting site is  90.7±124.4 meters, the average distance of nesting site to vegetation about 2.5 ± 3.8 meters, the average distance of nest to the coastline is  4.6±2.7 meters, the average slope of the nesting sites about 10.7°±3.1°, and the average number of eggs is 16.9±3.1 eggs. Based on multiple linear regression analysis, the eggs amount is not influenced by the distance of nesting site from coastline, the distance to each nesting site, the distance of nesting site with vegetation and the slope of nesting site.

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