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The potential effect of natural compounds from Indonesian spices in alleviating inflammation due to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19): a narrative review Yuliana, .
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapy Vol 2 No 3 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada and Indonesian Pharmacologist Association or Ikatan Farmakologi Indonesia (IKAFARI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijpther.2366

COVID-19 causes increasing of inflammatory cytokines even cytokine storm in the severe condition. Enhance body immune system is one strategy against COVID-19. Spices in traditional Indonesian cuisine are believed as boost immunity. They contain active compounds such as curcumin, allicin, quercetin and capsaicin which can be used to alleviate inflammation. In this literature review, the potency of curcumin, allicin, quercetin, and capsaicin in alleviating inflammation due the COVID-19 was reported. Literatures were gathered from PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar search engines. COVID-19 causes the increase of proinflammatory cytokine levels such as TNFα and IL-6. Curcumin, allicin, quercetin, and capsaicin regulate the expression of proinflammatory cytokines. These nutritional agonists of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) showed inhibitory effects on pro-inflammatory cytokines and promote immune cell differentiation into anti-inflammatory phenotypes. Curcumin has an anti-inflammatory effect that can prevent pneumocytes, renal cells, and cardiomyocytes damages. Allicin and quercetin can decrease TNFα and IL-6 levels due to they can increase the superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels. In conclusion, curcumin, allicin, quercetin and capsaicin can enhance body immune system due to their anti-inflammatory effect through down-regulation of the inflammatory cytokines expression. These spices could be used as adjuvant therapy to boost body immune system against COVID-19.

The comparison of colchicine and standard treatment in COVID-19 patients: A mini review Kwok, Yasmeen; Dwi Aris Agung Nugrahaningsih; Woro Rukmi Pratiwi
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapy Vol 2 No 3 (2021): Special Issue: COVID-19
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada and Indonesian Pharmacologist Association or Ikatan Farmakologi Indonesia (IKAFARI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijpther.2381

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was declared a pandemic in March 2020. There are several drugs used at different stages of the disease, but none seem to be completely effective. In the absence of any known therapy, many drugs have been tested, including colchicine. Colchicine differs from these other therapies in having pleiotropic mechanism of action, being less potent on any single target, and being an oral agent. It is also a better option since colchicine is not immunosuppressive, is not known to increase risk of infection, and is inexpensive. The aim of this study was to provide evidence of the role of colchicine in improving clinical outcome and reducing death rate of COVID-19 patients through literature mini-review. A mini-review, composed of previous RCTs comparing the use of colchicine in COVID-19 with standard care or placebo under the keyword “COVID-19”, “COVID”, “coronavirus”, “SARS-CoV-2”, “coronavirus disease”, “Colchicine”, “CAS 64-86-8”, “standard treatment”, “standard care”, “standard of care”, “common treatment”, “placebo”, “clinical improvement”, and “clinical response”. The addition of colchicine to standard treatment can be beneficial in treating COVID-19. Studies included showed that colchicine has significantly improved time to clinical deterioration compared to the control group. Colchicine reduced the length of hospitalization and the need for supplemental oxygen therapy. One of the included studies mentioned that in outpatient settings, colchicine can prevent hospitalization and even death. Colchicine can improve the clinical outcome on CRP levels, the number of patients that need mechanical ventilation, and death rate in COVID-19 patients. The addition of colchicine to standard treatment should be considered to prevent clinical deterioration and death. Colchicine reduces the number of adverse effects in COVID-19 patients except for gastrointestinal adverse effects, especially diarrhea, which is consistently more common in the colchicine groups.

Molecular docking study of Indonesian phytochemicals as inhibitor of 6-HB formation by binding to HR1 subunit of SARSCOV-2 S2 protein Julianus, Jeffry; Phebe Hendra; Maywan Hariono; Nico Frederick; Satrio Ardyantoro; Mustofa; Jumina
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapy Vol 2 No 3 (2021): Special Issue: COVID-19
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada and Indonesian Pharmacologist Association or Ikatan Farmakologi Indonesia (IKAFARI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijpther.2392

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is still as global pandemic. No officially drugs to treat COVID-19 are available until now. Increasing number of patients and deaths trigger new antiCOVID-19 discovery efforts. In this study, we have conducted in silico screening employing molecular docking for Indonesian phytochemicals. Docking process was performed by employing AutoDock4 software on crystal structure 6VSB. Based on molecular docking results, several compounds had potential as antiCOVID-19 drugs, such as β-carotene, veramiline, ecliptalbine, betulinic acid, and lupeol. β-carotene was the most potential compound to treat COVID-19.

Clinical trial and therapeutical progress of COVID-19 treated with remdesivir: A review Anna Maria Manullang; Monia Agni Wiyatami; Mahulauw, Muhammad Azril Hardiman
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapy Vol 2 No 3 (2021): Special Issue: COVID-19
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada and Indonesian Pharmacologist Association or Ikatan Farmakologi Indonesia (IKAFARI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijpther.2625

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) that first reported in Wuhan City, China. Most confirmed cases of COVID-19 develop mild, moderate, severe to critical symptoms. One of the therapies given and of concern is remdesivir. Remdesivir is an antiviral with a broad spectrum that has activity against various types of viruses including Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and SARS-CoV. The aim of this review was to evaluate the clinical trial and the therapeutical progress of remdesivir in the treatment of COVID-19 patients. Databases used for this review were Google Scholar, JAMA, PubMed and Science Direct library. The inclusion criteria were covering any literature using remdesivir in clinical studies and COVID-19 therapy published from December 2019 to October 2020. Overall no pattern of laboratory abnormalities and clinically significant changes in vital signs or ECG shifts was observed in patients receiving remdesivir. The decision to use remdesivir in COVID-19 treatment should consider its potential benefits and risks.

Pharmacogenomic of asthma in children Nova Satriyani; Hartati Mahmuda; Septiayu D. Hartienah
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapy Vol 3 No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada and Indonesian Pharmacologist Association or Ikatan Farmakologi Indonesia (IKAFARI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijpther.2658

Asthma is an inflammatory airway disease characterized by bronchial hyper-responsiveness, reversible airflow limitation, and respiratory symptoms. Asthma affects 300 million people in developed countries. More than 10% of asthma complaints in children occur at school age. Asthma therapy in children using pharmacological agents is still the main choice until now. However, the response of pediatric patients to asthma treatment varies. In addition to age, organ function, and drug interactions, genetic factors are often associated with drug response variability. This variability can occur due to single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in protein-coding genes that play a role in bioavailability and drug response. Understanding of pharmacogenomics as the basis of individualized medicine aims to avoid adverse drug reactions and maximize drug effectiveness. The existence of genetic variation allows the drug response between individuals to be different. Pharmacogenomics provides important information in individual-based medicine so that it can predict the existence of a population that can respond well to certain drugs and a population that has a higher risk of adverse drug reactions. Implementation of individual treatment can optimize treatment in patients because the dose of treatment and therapeutic options have been adjusted based on individual genetic characteristics.

Drug-related problems (DRPs) on antibiotic therapy in pediatric patients: a review Titami, Arina; Mende, Juniarto; Nurfina Dian K.
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapy Vol 3 No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada and Indonesian Pharmacologist Association or Ikatan Farmakologi Indonesia (IKAFARI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijpther.2692

Drug-related problems (DRPs) is event that can interfere with the outcome of therapy. It can occur in various patient populations and ages. The DRPs in pediatric patients is found to be significantly frequent due to their vulnerable features. Many factors such as age, weight, body surface area should be considered during drug therapy in pediatric patients. The organs development continues for many years and the organs responsible for drug metabolism and elimination have not yet full capacity in pediatric patients. Antibiotics are often prescribed to pediatric patients. Several studies concerning DRPs on antibiotic therapy have been conducted in some countries. This review summarizes types, factors and impacts to the occurrence of DRPs on antibiotic therapy in pediatric patients.

Drug-related problems (DRPs) in geriatric patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM): a review Lathifa Nabila; Sundas Ejaz; Shalahuddin Al Madury
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapy Vol 3 No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada and Indonesian Pharmacologist Association or Ikatan Farmakologi Indonesia (IKAFARI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijpther.2695

Asthma is an inflammatory airway disease characterized by bronchial hyper-responsiveness, reversible airflow limitation, and respiratory symptoms. Asthma affects 300 million people in developed countries. More than 10% of asthma complaints in children occur at school age. Asthma therapy in children using pharmacological agents is still the main choice until now. However, the response of pediatric patients to asthma treatment varies. In addition to age, organ function, and drug interactions, genetic factors are often associated with drug response variability. This variability can occur due to single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in protein-coding genes that play a role in bioavailability and drug response. Understanding of pharmacogenomics as the basis of individualized medicine aims to avoid adverse drug reactions and maximize drug effectiveness. The existence of genetic variation allows the drug response between individuals to be different. Pharmacogenomics provides important information in individual-based medicine so that it can predict the existence of a population that can respond well to certain drugs and a population that has a higher risk of adverse drug reactions. Implementation of individual treatment can optimize treatment in patients because the dose of treatment and therapeutic options have been adjusted based on individual genetic characteristics.

The effects of probiotics in strengthening immunity against the COVID-19 infection Yuliana, .
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapy Vol 3 No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada and Indonesian Pharmacologist Association or Ikatan Farmakologi Indonesia (IKAFARI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijpther.2744

A severe form of COVID-19 infection causes increasing in inflammatory cytokines, namely cytokine storm. Therefore, immunity of patients with COVID-19 should be strengthened in order against this infection. This paper aimed to evaluate the possible effects of probiotics in strengthening immunity patients with COVID-19. It is a narrative literature review papers based on PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases. The keywords were COVID-19 pandemic, immunity, probiotics. Inclusion criteria were review and research paper. Exclusion criteria were not peer-reviewed journals and unavailable full text. Probiotics are beneficial live microbes, and they are well known for their immune and nutritional properties. The potential roles of probiotics to increase the immune system against the COVID-19 infection need to be studied in further clinical research. Most of the research related to the roles of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are found in fermented food as probiotics. Many LAB are found in Indonesian fermented foods. Lactic acid bacteria roles are essential in the production of fermented foods. They also give some health benefits such as improving antioxidant activity, increasing antimicrobial agents production, and as probiotics.

Current pharmacological treatments for COVID-19: A narrative review Sudi Indra Jaya; Yacobus Christian Prasetyo
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapy Vol 2 No 3 (2021): Special Issue: COVID-19
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada and Indonesian Pharmacologist Association or Ikatan Farmakologi Indonesia (IKAFARI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijpther.2881

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has lasted more than one year. The number of daily cases and the number of deaths is still changing dynamically. As of this writing, specific drugs for COVID-19 are not yet available. This review aims to describe the key clinical evidence in pharmacological treatments for COVID-19. The article search process was carried out on the PubMed database with a combination of keywords ((“COVID-19”) OR (“SARS-CoV-2”)) AND ((“treatment”) OR (“therapy”)). In this article, there were six drugs reviewed that is corticosteroids, remdesivir, lopinavir-ritonavir, hydroxychloroquine, ivermectin, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) receptor blockers. Hydroxychloroquine, lopinavir-ritonavir, remdesivir, and ivermectin were not recommended for COVID-19 treatments regardless of disease severity and duration of symptoms. Therefore, they were excluded from the list of drugs for the treatment of COVID-19 by World Health Organization (WHO) stated strong recommendations in favor of two drugs, namely systemic corticosteroids and IL-6 receptor blockers namely tocilizumab or sarilumab. Both of them are recommended for the treatment of patients with severe and critical covid-19 so they are included in the list of COVID-19 therapeutic drugs by WHO.

Cytotoxic activity of hantap (Sterculia oblongata Mast) leaves extract against breast cancer cells line (MCF7/HER2): the effect on the expression of HER2 mRNA and the apoptosis Sitti Ayu Suhartina Yahya; Mustofa; Woro Rukmi Pratiwi; Adika Suwarman
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapy Vol 3 No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada and Indonesian Pharmacologist Association or Ikatan Farmakologi Indonesia (IKAFARI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijpther.3204

Hantap leaves (Sterculia oblongata Mast) has been used traditionally to treat breast cancer in Palu, Central Sulawesi. However, its use is just based on empirical evidences rather than scientific evidences. The study aimed to investigate the cytotoxic activity of hantap leaves extracts against breast cancer cells line. The effect of this extract on the HER2 expression and the apoptosis was also evaluated. The hantap (S. oblongata Mast) leaves extracts were prepared by consecutive maceration method using n-hexane, methanol and water, respectively. The cytotoxic activity against MCF7/HER2 breast cancer cells line was evaluated using the MTT assay with doxorubicin as a positive control. The HER2 mRNA expression was examined using RT-PCR and the apoptosis after 24 h incubation was examined using a fluorescence microscope after AO-PI (acridine orange-propidium iodide) staining. Among three extracts tested, the methanolic extract exhibited the most cytotoxic against MCF7/HER2 cells with an IC50 of 91.25 μg/mL. Therefore, the methanolic extract was subjected to further study. The methanolic extract at concentration of 1/2IC50; 1IC50 and 2IC50 μM induced 6.8; 26.3 and 25.3% apoptosis of the MFC7/HER2 cell lines, respectively. The methanolic extract at concentration of 1/2IC50; 1IC50 and 2IC50 μM inhibited HER2 mRNA expression to be 0.6; 0.25 and 0.33 compared to control cells. In conclusion, the methanolic extract of hantap leaves (S. oblongata Mast) has cytotoxic activity against MCF7/HER2 breast cancer cell lines by induce cells apoptosis and inhibit HER2 mRNA expression. Further study, will be conducted to isolate active constituents as anticancer.

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Contact Name
Mustofa

Contact Email
mustofafk@ugm.ac.id

Phone
+6281328749273

Journal Mail Official
mustofafk@ugm.ac.id

Editorial Address
Department of Pharmacology and Therapy Radioputro Building 2nd Floor Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada Jl. Farmako Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281 Indonesia

Location
Kab. sleman,

Daerah istimewa yogyakarta

INDONESIA

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Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name Mustofa

Contact Email mustofafk@ugm.ac.id

Phone +6281328749273

Journal Mail Official mustofafk@ugm.ac.id

Editorial Address Department of Pharmacology and Therapy Radioputro Building 2nd Floor Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada Jl. Farmako Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281 Indonesia

Location Kab. sleman, Daerah istimewa yogyakarta INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Contact Name
Mustofa

Contact Email
mustofafk@ugm.ac.id

Phone
+6281328749273

Journal Mail Official
mustofafk@ugm.ac.id

Editorial Address
Department of Pharmacology and Therapy Radioputro Building 2nd Floor Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada Jl. Farmako Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281 Indonesia

Location
Kab. sleman,

Daerah istimewa yogyakarta

INDONESIA