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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapy
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : -     EISSN : 2745455X     DOI : https://doi.org/10.22146/ijpther.10147
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapy (IJPTher ) is a scientific journal which published by Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada and Indonesian Pharmacologist Association or Ikatan Farmakologi Indonesia (IKAFARI). IJPTher is an open-access, and double-blind peer-reviewed journal published three Issues a year. IJPTher aims to communicate high-quality articles in the fields of pharmacology. IJPTher publishes original articles, review articles, case reports and book reviews in the fields of pharmacology including basic pharmacology, clinical pharmacology, pharmacotherapy, pharmacoepidemiology, pharmacogenetics, pharmacogenomics, pharmacoeconomic, toxicology and toxicogenomics.
Arjuna Subject : Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics - Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Lain-Lain)
Articles 107 Documents
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Evaluation of administration and use of antihypertensive drugs in severe preeclampsia patients at X General Hospital in Jakarta Simatupang, Abraham; Ida Bagus Sutha Dwipajaya
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapy Vol 2 No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada and Indonesian Pharmacologist Association or Ikatan Farmakologi Indonesia (IKAFARI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijpther.1347

Abstract

The high number of maternal mortality rate (MMR) is still a problem in Indonesia. Three ethyologies of maternal death are infection (12%), hypertension in pregnancy (25%) and bleeding (30%). Pre-eclampsia as a form of hypertension during pregnancy requires antihypertensive drug therapy. Rationality assessment for any kinds of pharmacotherapy is based on the right indication, the right medicine, the right patient, and the right dose. The main indication for antihypertensive medication in pregnancy is applied to the mother’s in preventing cerebrovascular disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the characteristics, patterns and accuracy of the administration and use of antihypertensive drugs in patients with severe preeclampsia at X General Hospital in Jakarta in 2018. It was a non-experimental study with a descriptive and retrospective design using medical records. Administration and use of antihypertensive drugs in patients with severe preeclampsia at the X General Hospital in Jakarta showed 91.9% right indication, 86.72% right drug, 96.9% right patient and only 5.26% right dose with 4.0% accuracy of rational administration and use of drugs. In conclusion, the right dose in the management of patients with severe preeclampsia in X General Hospital in Jakarta is still low. Further training and close monitoring and evaluation on the rational use of antihypertension in severe preeclampsia is needed.
Antimicrobial activity of Pycnarrhena cauliflora (Miers.) Diels. methanol extract Eti Nurwening Sholikhah; Maulina Diah; Mustofa; Masriani; Susi Iravati; Samekto Wibowo
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapy Vol 2 No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada and Indonesian Pharmacologist Association or Ikatan Farmakologi Indonesia (IKAFARI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijpther.1656

Abstract

Pycnarrhena cauliflora (Miers.) Diels., local name sengkubak, is one of indigenous plants from West Kalimantan that has been used as natural flavor. Pycnorrhena cauliflora is one of species of Menispermaceae family which is rich in bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids. This alkaloids are known to have various biological activities including antiprotozoal, antiplasmodial, antifungal and antibacterial activities. This study aimed to investigate antimicrobial activity of the P. cauliflora (Miers.) Diels. methanolic extracts against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The methanolic extract of P. cauliflora (Miers.) Diels., root, leaf and stem were prepared by maceration. The disk-diffusion method was then used to determine the antimicrobial activity of the extracts against Streptococcus pyogenes, S. mutants, Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, Salmonella typhi, Shigella flexneri, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli after 18-24 h incubation at 37 oC. Amoxicillin was used as positive control for gram-positive bacteria and ciprofloxacin was used as gram-negative bacteria. The inhibition zones were then measured in mm. Analysis were conducted in duplicates. The results showed in general the methanolic extracts of P. cauliflora (Miers.) Diels. root (inhibition zone diameter= 10-23 mm) were more active than that leaf (0-15 mm) and stem (0-17 mm) extracts against gram-positive bacteria. The zone inhibition diameter of amoxicillin as positive control was 8-42 mm. In addition, the methanolic extracts of P. cauliflora (Miers.) Diels. root (12-17 mm) were also more active than that leaf (0-12 mm) and stem (0-12 mm) extracts against gram-negative bacteria. The zone inhibition diameter of ciprofloxacin as positive control was 33-36 mm. In conclusion, the methanolic extract of P. caulifloria (Miers.) Diels. root is the most extract active against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Further study will be focused to isolate active compounds in the methanolic extract of the root.
Potential neurological applications of Centella asiatica: a brief review Gofir, Abdul; Wibowo, Samekto; Hakimi, Mohammad
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapy Vol 2 No 3 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada and Indonesian Pharmacologist Association or Ikatan Farmakologi Indonesia (IKAFARI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijpther.1693

Abstract

Centella asiatica (C. asiatica) or gotu kola has been used traditionally in many Asian countries as herbal medicines for many conditions, such as headache, asthma and memory enhancement. Centella asiatica has been also widely investigated for its neuroprotective effects in animal disease model including epilepsy, Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. A brief review of neurological effects studies of C. asiatica in animal model was reported. Eligible studies published through December 2020 from PubMed and EMBASE journal data base were collected. Any keywords related to C. asiatica or gota kola AND neurological conditions were used. The results showed that several experimental studies concerning the neuroprotective properties of C. asiatica have been reported. Phytochemical studies reported that C. asiatica contained many bioactive compounds in which triterpenoids are the most identified. Furthermore, the triterpenoids have proven to have neuroprotective effect due to their effects of anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, improvement of mitochondrial dysfunctions, and increased brain-derived neurotrophic factors. Further studies are needed to investigate the neuroprotective mechanisms of C. asiatica. In conclusion, C. asiatica might have potential as an alternative medicine for neurological conditions, such as stroke, epilepsy, Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease.
The effect of Centella asiatica L. Urban. and Curcuma longa L. extracts combination in improving memory performance in stroke model rats and its acute toxicity Gofir, Abdul; Ar Rochmah, Mawaddah; Wibowo, Samekto; Hakimi, Mohammad; Mustofa
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapy Vol 2 No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada and Indonesian Pharmacologist Association or Ikatan Farmakologi Indonesia (IKAFARI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijpther.1765

Abstract

Post-stroke cognitive impairment involves memory, visuoconstructional, and spatial dysfunctions. Centella asiatica L. Urban. and Curcuma longa L. are both well-known herbs in South and South-East Asia countries that are believed to possess neuroprotective properties as memory enhancers. This study aimed to investigate the effects of C. asiatica L. Urban. and C. longa L. extracts combination in improving memory performance in stroke model rats and its acute toxicity. Twenty-five Wistar rats underwent transient bilateral common carotid artery occlusion. Y-maze pre-test was performed 24 h after the occlusion. The rats were then divided into five groups i.e. Group 1 received NaCMC dilution, Group 2 received donepezil 0. 7 mg/kg BW/day, and Groups 3, 4, and 5 received the extracts combination with dose of 59; 118; and 236 mg/kg BW/day, respectively. Y-maze post-test was performed 24 h after the last dose had been given. Spontaneous alternation behavior was used as the indicator of working memory measurement. The fixed-dose method according to OECD Guideline was used to estimate the LD50 in acute toxicity testing on Wistar rats. There was a significant difference in the delta spontaneous alternation percentage among groups tested (p<0. 05). Group 1 had significant difference with any other group (compared to Groups 2 to 5; p<0.05). No significant difference could be found between groups of the extracts combination and donepezil group suggesting that the effect is not more inferior nor dose-dependent in improving memory performance. The extracts combination at a single dose of 2000 mg/kg BW did not show related signs of toxicity or mortality in any of the rats during the 14-day observation period. In conclusion, the C. asiatica L. Urban. and C. longa L. extracts combination can improve performance of memory on stroke model animal. According to Globally Harmonized Classification System, the extracts combination can be classified as Category 5/unclassified.
Antiplasmodial activity of faloak bark (Sterculia quadrifida, R.Br.) extract from East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia Tenda, Priska Ernestina; Hilaria, Maria; Ramadani, Arba Pramundita
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapy Vol 2 No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada and Indonesian Pharmacologist Association or Ikatan Farmakologi Indonesia (IKAFARI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijpther.1975

Abstract

The current development of antimalarial drug resistance encourages researchers to discover and develop novel antimalarials. One of its alternatives for antimalarial discovery is using medicinal plants remembering the success of artemisinin. Sterculia quardrifida R. Br. bark, locally name as faloak, is an endemic medicinal plant from East Nusa Tenggara that has been used traditionally to treat malaria. However, its antimalarial activity has not been investigated, yet. This study was aimed to evaluate the antiplasmodial activity of ethanolic extract of faloak bark against Plasmodium falciparum in vitro. Using FCR-3 P. falciparum strain, the ethanolic extract was evaluated on various concentration (1, 10, 50, and 100 μg/mL, respectively). The IC50 value was determined by the relationship between concentration and percentage of growth inhibition. The result showed that the percentage of inhibition of P. falciparum was concentration dependent, higher concentration resulting on higher percentage of inhibition with the IC50 42.399 ± 9.517 μg/mL. It can be concluded that the ethanolic extract of faloak bark have moderate antiplasmodial activity against P. falciparum in vitro.
The potential of polyphenols from natural ingredients against SARS-CoV-2 infection: A review Hendrayana, Made Agus; I Made Jawi; Dewa Made Sukrama; Dewa Ngurah Suprapta
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapy Vol 2 No 3 (2021): Special Issue: COVID-19
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada and Indonesian Pharmacologist Association or Ikatan Farmakologi Indonesia (IKAFARI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijpther.2310

Abstract

All countries in the world are facing the coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic which has resulted in various crises. To date, there is no effective treatment in controlling COVID-19. Many clinical trials of approved drugs against COVID-19 were conducted. However, the results were inconclusive, even severe adverse effects were reported. The new effective drugs are therefore urgently needed. Herbal medicines have been widely used by community to enhance the body immune system during COVID-19 pandemic. Polyphenols are large group of active compounds found in the natural ingredients. These compounds have been proven to have biological activity against various pathogen infections including viral infection. During COVID-19 pandemic, various polyphenol compounds from various medicinal plants have been investigated for their activity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) both in silico and in vitro. Among the polyphenols investigated, some of them namely papyriflavonol, catechin gallate, gallocatechin gallate, luteolin, quercetin, tangeretin, naringenin, herbacetin, emodin, eriodyctiol, fenoterol, baicalin, myricetin, quercetagetin exhibited strong activity against SARS-CoV-2. The possibilities of mechanism of actions as antiSARS-CoV-2 of these polyphenols were 1) bind to the N protein causing the inhibition of viral transcription and replication; 2) inhibit the binding of S protein to ACE2 receptors preventing the entry of the virus into the host cells; 3) inhibit 3CLpro function inhibiting the viral transcription and maturation; and 4) bind directly to the ACE2 receptor. In conclusion, some polyphenol compounds from nature ingredients are potential to develop to be future antiSARS-CoV-2. However, further the pre-clinical and clinical studies are required to strengthen existing evidence.
Clinical application of dendrimer in cancer and COVID-19 therapy: a review Devita, Ninda; Nurfadilah; Siti Khadijah; Ulil Albab Habibah
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapy Vol 5 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada and Indonesian Pharmacologist Association or Ikatan Farmakologi Indonesia (IKAFARI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijpther.2311

Abstract

Dendrimers are nanoparticles with unique characteristics. These characteristics allow these nanoparticles to be widely applied in medicine. It can be used as a therapy for various types of cancer. The dendrimers can also been use an alternative to accelerating the diagnosis and therapy of COVID-19. This review aimed to delve deeper into the myriad clinical applications of dendrimers in the treatment of various cancers and its potential use for the treatment or diagnosis of COVID-19. The databases used for this review were Google Scholar and Science Direct. The inclusion criteria for this review are articles published in 2018-2023. Articles other than the original articles and reviews we excluded from the study. Anticancer formulated in dendrimers have a better ability to eradicate cancer cells in the treatment of breast, colon, lung, prostate, skin, ovarian, and liver cancers compared to ordinary anticancer agents. Dendrimer in vivo, in vitro and phase II clinical trials can be used to deliver miRNA therapy or symptomatic drugs in COVID-19 patients and as vaccine delivery agents. The quality of molecular diagnosis of COVID-19 can also be improved with these nanoparticles. The use of dendrimers can improve the quality of management of cancer and COVID-19 patients.
Liposome as carrier therapy for Alzheimer’s disease Anggraeni, Andi Sri Dewi; Arsita, Emilia Vivi; Suwarman, Adika; Mustofa
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapy Vol 3 No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada and Indonesian Pharmacologist Association or Ikatan Farmakologi Indonesia (IKAFARI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijpther.2315

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia. Approximately 50 million people suffer from Alzheimer's and it is expected to increase more than 100 million by 2050. According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders V (DSM-V), the diagnosis of AD has an onset of memory impairment and cognitive decline. Effective treatment of AD is a major challenge in the field of pharmacy and science due to the restriction from blood brain barrier (BBB). This causes poor access to pills or oral administration. Liposome as a part of nanoparticle showed to be a potential AD treatment because of its biocompatibility, flexibility, and capability to carry various therapeutic molecules across the BBB and into brain cells. Several types of liposomes provide varied therapy effect. Some factors which determine liposomes effectiveness are its structure, mechanism of action; formed; and delivery, and its preparation method. This article reviewed liposomes characteristics which has potency as carrier therapy for AD.
Application of solid lipid nanoparticles preparation in infection caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria Prastiwi, Nenes; Ervina; Lesbatta, Kezia
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapy Vol 2 No 3 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada and Indonesian Pharmacologist Association or Ikatan Farmakologi Indonesia (IKAFARI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijpther.2318

Abstract

Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) is a potential alternative method for drug delivery due to its good stability, low toxicity, can be modified and controlled in drug release, as well as can be produced on a large scale. The SLNs are composed of solid lipids stabilized by emulsifiers. The lipids used for SLN are physiological lipids that easily tolerated by the body. These characteristics make SLN as a potential delivery system that can increase the efficiency of an antibiotics preparation. The development of bacterial resistance to antibacterial has become serious health problems in infectious diseases. Solid lipid nanoparticles is a compelling choice as a drug delivery system that can reduce the problem of the bacterial resistance. This review discussed the role of SLN as a drug carrier system which includes the characteristics and structure of SLN, its pharmacokinetic properties, bacterial resistance mechanism, and SLN mechanism in reducing bacterial resistance.
Potential of orchid as antifungal agent resources: a scoping review Furqi Sholekhatun Sityardi; Sufi Desrini
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapy Vol 2 No 3 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada and Indonesian Pharmacologist Association or Ikatan Farmakologi Indonesia (IKAFARI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijpther.2325

Abstract

In 2017, one billion people contracted fungal infection with 11.5 million people contracted life-threatening infection and 1.5 million death per year. Orchid is a plant that grows in tropical and sub-tropical countries, the same places where fungal infection occurrence is high. On previous studies reported that orchid contains alkaloids and polyphenols such as flavonoid, and phenol acid. The review aimed to identify the orchid as a potential antifungal resource. A scoping review was used. The type of articles reviewed were original articles obtained from five electronic journal databases published within 2012-2021. Three articles reported similar result which was that orchid extract has a significant antifungal activity although the part of plant used was different, ranging from the root, to the leaf. Two articles reported a specific antifungal activity against Candida albicans while the remaining one against Trichophyton rubrum. In conclusion, the root, leaf, branch, and flower extracts of orchid is potential antifungal resources.

Page 3 of 11 | Total Record : 107

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