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Folia Medica Indonesiana The Unit of Journal Consortium and Folia Medica Indonesiana Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga Jl. Prof. Dr. Moestopo No.47, Pacar Kembang, Kec. Tambaksari, Surabaya, Jawa Timur 60132, Indonesia
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Folia Medica Indonesiana
Published by Universitas Airlangga
ISSN : 23558398     EISSN : 2599056X     DOI : https://doi.org/10.65346/2958-4515.2401
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience
Folia Medica Indonesiana, as indicated by its name, focuses on publishing good quality articles about research and education on health science and medicine in Indonesia. However, due to the fast growth of science and knowledge in these fields, we also welcome submitted articles from around the world, especially the ones that contain related matters from lower-middle income countries. Folia Medica Indonesiana is an open-access, peer-reviewed journal that is published online at least four times a year. The scope covers various aspects of basic medical sciences includes anatomy, physiology, pathology, microbiology, pharmacology, and molecular medicine) and clinical medicine (covers specialties like internal medicine, surgery, pediatrics, oncology, psychiatry, etc). We highlight the pathology and potential treatment of metabolic syndromes and infectious diseases. Folia Medica Indonesiana also encourages the publication of articles about health education. The scope includes, but is not limited to, articles that emphasize on preventive education on certain diseases in a community, also research report of various materials and/or methods to develop medical education. We recognize the importance of this type of articles to be published alongside the assigned topic in each of our yearly issues, to provide our readers with updated information in medical sciences’ research and education simultaneously.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 571 Documents
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Effectivity of Erythropoietin Alpha Compared to Erythropoietin Beta in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease-Anemia on Hemodialysis Prasetya, Anak Agung Ngurah Putra Riana; Suprapti, Budi; Shanti, Bayu Dharma
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 55, No. 2
Publisher : Folia Medica Indonesiana

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Abstract

Anemia in patient with chronic kidney disease could cause a lot of complication. The first line therapy of this condition is by treating with erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESA) or called erythropoietin. The erythropoietin alpha and beta were two types of the human recombinant erythropoietin that are usually used in Indonesia. The aim of this study was to determine the effectivity of erythropoietin alpha compared to erythropoietin beta especially in haemoglobin and haematocrit level. This prospective observational study was conducted in March – September 2016. The inclusion criteria were CKD stage 5 patients with a minimum of 3 months of regular hemodialysis, Hb <10 g/dL with enough iron status ST > 20% and FS > 200ng/mL. The methology of this study had been approved by the Health Research Ethics Committee of the Bhayangkara H.S. Samsoeri Mertojoso Hospital, Surabaya. Patients received 2000 IU subcutaneous erythropoietin twice a week on both groups. Blood sample was withdrawn in pre-treatment and after 4 weeks of post erythropoietin therapy treatment for measurement of haemoglobin and haematocrit. Target for this erythropoietin therapy are increase of Hb 0.5 – 1.5 g/dL (not to exceed 12 g/dL) and increase of Hct level 2 – 4 % in 4 weeks. Based on the inclusion criteria, there were 20 patients in this study (10 patient each of both erythropoietin alpha either beta group) that consist of 7 women and 13 men. After the treatment, the mean of increased haemoglobin level for erythropoietin alpha group was 1.28 ± 0.80 g/dL (p=0.001) and erythropoietin beta was 0.37 ± 0.95 g/dL (p=0.254). The mean of increased haematocrit level for erytropoietin alpha group was 3.56 ± 3.46 % (p=0.010) and erythropoietin beta was 1.34 ± 2.71 % (p=0.152). In comparison of haemoglobin and haematocrit achievement in both groups showed that erythropoietin alpha gave better achievement in haemoglobin parameter (p=0.033), but there were no differences in both groups on haematocrit parameters (p=0.127).
Neurogenic modulation by neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist, cp-96,345 to inhibit rheumatoid arthritis development in adjuvant induced arthritis rat model Wirasasmita, Yuyun; Rahmadi, Mahardian; Susilo, Imam; Khotib, Junaidi
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 52, No. 2
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Abstract

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic form of persistent inflammation. Meanwhile, Substance P is the most associated neuropeptide in neurogenic inflammation and hyperalgesia commonly found in chronic pain. Substance P act by binding to neurokinin-1 receptor. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist (CP-96,345) on Adjuvant Induced Arthritis rat model, induced by Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA). The objective is to attenuate neurogenic inflammation which in turn will increase the latency time of hyperalgesia response, decreases neurokinin-1 receptor expression, and inhibits the development of RA in AIA rat model. Rats were intra-articularly injected with CFA 1 hour after the administration of CP-96,345 either by 0.63 µg/gr; 1.25 µg/gr; or 2.5 µg/gr also intra-articularly. Caliper measurements and hot-plate test were performed on day 0, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, and day 13. Expression of neurokinin-1 receptor in joint tissue were evaluated by immunohistochemistry, and RA progress in joint tissue were observed hystopathologically. CP-96,345 at 2.5 µg/gr significantly increases the latency of hyperalgesia response time on CFA induced rats (p=0.044) and decreased the neurokinin-1 receptor expression in joint tissue (p=0.029) compared to CFA induced rats. There was no significant difference for caliper measurements and RA progress between CFA incduced rats and treated group. Conclusively, CP-96,345 increases the latency of hyperalgesia response time and decreases the NK-1 receptor expression in rat joint but could not inhibit RA progression.
Analysis of earphone swab mitochondrial dna as an alternative material for identification examination Yudianto, Ahmad; Sispitasri, Yeti Eka; Margaret, Nola
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 52, No. 3
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Abstract

Identification include fingerprint, property, medical, dental, serologic and exclusion methods. In the development, identification methods led to molecular forensics, a new field of science evolving since the 1980s, known as DNA fingerprinting. Specimens widely used in DNA assay for identification are blood spots/bloods, semen spots, vaginal swabs, buccal swabs and bones. In addition to these specimens, the last objects often used by the perpetrators/victims can be used, such as hearing aids (headsets/earphones). In its use, earphones are attached to the outer ear skin; thus, the earwax is suspected to adhere to the device. To date, in Indonesia personal identification is performed through swabs of earphones/headsets using the DNA profiling method. In particular, mitochondrial DNA has not been widely used for identification. The present study was of laboratory experimental. Earphones which have been used for 3 days were placed in room temperature for 1, 7, 14 and 20 days. Results showed that the environmental factor of exposure duration had an effect of a significant decrease in the levels of DNA from day 1 to day 20. Only 126-bp mtDNA (HVS II) was detected on the samples of day 1 and continued with sequencing. Mitochondrial DNA has better durability and relatively higher number of copies than those of nuclear DNA. This leads to greater possibility of success in amplification, given the higher number of mitochondrial DNA copies and the fact that mitochondrial DNA is a single locus that allows recombination.
Acute Diarrhea Patients among Children Under Five Hospitalized in a Tertiary Hospital in East Java, Indonesia Adiba, Asmahan Farah; Soedarmo, Subijanto Marto; Sulistiawati, Sulistiawati; Athiyyah, Alpha Fardah
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 58, No. 1
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Abstract

Highlight: • The characteristics of acute diarrhea patients among chidren in Tertiary Hospital In East Java was evaluated. • The highest incidence of diarrhea was found in the 0-24 months age group, good nutritional status, male sex, and hospitalized in less than 5 days. • Mild-moderate dehydration, intravenous rehydration treated, anemia, hyponatremia, and metabolic acidosis were mostly founded. Abstract: Diarrhea is the second leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children under five years of age in Indonesia after pneumonia. In 2017, diarrhea became an outbreak in 12 provinces. Diarrhea in under-fives can cause several complications and can cause death if it is not treated properly. This study aimed to evaluate the characteristics of acute diarrhea patients in under-fives hospitalized in Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia for six months. This study was a descriptive study with retrospective approach which evaluated all acute diarrhea patients hospitalized from July to December 2019. Patients' data were taken from medical records and presented descriptively. Of the total 125 patients, most acute diarrhea patients were male (60%) aged 0 to 24 months (83.2%), had good nutritional status (58.4%), and hospitalized for less than 5 days (60.8%). The most degree of dehydration was mild-moderate dehydration (83.2%), mostly treated with intravenous rehydration (96.8%), the most common comorbidity was anemia (13.4%), and the most electrolyte disorder was hyponatremia (41%), while acid-base disorder was mostly metabolic acidosis (75%).
The Impact of Social Stigma on Child Patients with Cleft Lip and Palate Ariani, Yuni; Astarini, Diska
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 59, No. 1
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Abstract

Highlights: 1. Awareness of social stigma impact on children with cleft lip and palate is lacking in various areas. 2. Identifying social stigma's influence on children with cleft lip is important to help surgeons prioritize resource allocation and provide further evidence in incorporating quality of life. Abstract: Social rejection still happens to a large number of children who have cleft lip and palate. Stigma has a detrimental impact on children with cleft in the aspects of education, employment, marriage, and community acceptance, which can be exacerbated by barriers to high-quality child care. A literature study related to this topic was conducted by searching for articles from 2018 to October 2021 through three databases (i.e., PubMed, Embase, and Medline). The term used for the literature search was "cleft", which generated results that were sorted alphabetically and by relevance. This yielded 15 articles that focused on social stigma's influence on cleft lip and palate patients. In conclusion, the articles generally reported that the awareness of social stigma impacts on children with cleft lip and palate are lacking in various areas. It is important to identify social stigma's influence on children with cleft lip. This can help surgeons prioritize resource allocation and provide further evidence in incorporating quality of life measures into the treatment outcome assessment.
Low and Moderate Intensity Exercise Decreased Body Fat and Increased Free Fatty Acid in Overweight Women Dyaksa, Rizky Sota; Liben, Paulus; Mintarto, Edy
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 57, No. 4
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Abstract

Highlight: • Aerobic exercise was reduced body fat and increased free fatty acids. • LICT and MICT decreased body fat and increased free fatty acids. Abstract: Overweight is fat imbalances can affect the health. It is one of the problems in many countries, especially Indonesia recorded an increase case in 2007 (8.8%) to 2013 (13.5%). Overweight categorized by 25-30 kg/m2 body mass index in units (Organization 2018). Figures overweight can be pressed to provide some treatments, such as aerobics sports activities. This study aimed to determine the effect of Continuous Low Intensity Training (LICT) and Moderate Intensity Continuous Training (MICT) to decrease body fat content (FM) and increase in free fatty acids (FFA) in overweight women. 18 female subjects completed the study 4X/week exercise LICT or MICT for 5 weeks. LICT and MICT performed for 30 minutes with an additional 5 minutes warm-up and 5 minutes of cooling down with LICT intensity of 60%-70% and MICT 70%-80% of maximum HR where both types of exercise using ergo cycle while measurement FM and FFA were measured before and after practice. LICT occurred decreasing in body fat and increasing in free fatty acids that significant pre and post LICT (p < 0.05). MICT occurred decreasing in body fat and increasing in free fatty acids that significant pre and post MICT (p<0.05). In the second comparison group (LICT and MICT) were decline against body fat and an increased in free fatty acids between workouts Low-Intensity Continuous Training (LICT) greater tendency than Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training (MICT) with delta FM (p = 0.120) and delta FFA (p=0.131) in which the value is >0.05. LICT and MICT was increase while body fat was decreased. The results of a comparison test occur list downward trend in body fat while in free fatty acids was increased.
Review Article: Presepsin: New Biomaker to Evaluate Empirical Antibiotic Therapy Outcome in Septic Condition Puspitasari, Aldita Cahyani; Mawari, Ayu
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 56, No. 2
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This review presents key publications from the research field of new biomarker of sepsis and other relevant journals during 2009-2015. The results of these experimental studies and clinical trials are discussed in the context of biomarker for sepsis and the accuracy of presepsin for optimising antibiotic therapy. The discussion highlights and summarises articles on three main topics: diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, presepsin as new biomarkers, and outcome studies. According to the review, presepsin is specific biomarker for bacterial infections compare with CRP and PCT. It may be useful to evaluate the empirical antibiotic outcome in sepsis condition.
Elevated Serum Transaminase (SGOT/SGPT) and Sepsis in Burn Patients in a Tertiary Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia Saputro, Iswinarno Doso; Zarasade, Lobredia; Kurniawan, Rifqi
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 58, No. 2
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Abstract

Highlights: • There is no correlation between the increase of SGOT and sepsis. • Correlation between the increase of SGPT and sepsis was significant founded. Abstract: Burns trigger hypermetabolic stress reactions that cause inflammatory responses. When there is a sustained or increased hypermetabolic reaction, the inflammatory response can be life-threatening, such as sepsis, and significantly impact hepatic metabolic function. After burns, varying degrees of liver injury are usually associated with burn severity. This study determined the correlation between elevated serum transaminases (SGOT/ SGPT) and sepsis in burn patients at a tertiary hospital of Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2020. This was a descriptive-analytic study with a retrospective cohort design. The data in this study included the demography of burn patients, causes of burns, inhalation trauma, burn severity, increased serum transaminase (SGOT/SGPT), mortality, and sepsis. This study found that the correlation between elevated serum transaminases (SGOT/SGPT) and sepsis was determined using the Spearman-Rho Rank statistical test. Burn patients with sepsis in the hospital were dominated by males (65.2%) and mostly aged 26-55 years (69.6%). The flame was found to be the highest cause of burns (80.4%), burn area above 20% (91.3%), the highest level of severity was major burn (91.3%), and no inhalation trauma (54.3%). In this study, there was an increase in SGOT of 69.6% and SGPT of 78.3%, with a mortality rate of 39.1%, with average inpatient days of 24 days. The correlation test between elevated serum transaminase (SGOT) and sepsis showed an insignificant relationship (p = 0.065, p> 0.05) with a correlation coefficient of 0.200. In contrast, the correlation between elevated serum transaminase (SGPT) and sepsis was significant (p=0.006, p<0.05) with a correlation coefficient of 0.296.
The Effect of Diclofenac Sodium on Callus Formation in White Male Rat (Rattus norvegicus) Cruris Fracture Healing Wibowo, Herry; Widiyanti, Prihartini
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 58, No. 2
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Highlights: • Sodium diclofenac is one of NSAID a common treatment to relieve pain associated with bone fractures. • Sodium diclofenac with a some dose of body weight could decrease the callus quality on fracture healing. Abstract: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as diclofenac sodium, are standard treatments to relieve pain associated with bone fractures. The bone healing process consists of four stages: inflammation, soft callus formation, complex callus formation, and bone remodeling. Previous studies mentioned that intake of NSAIDs (sodium diclofenac) could inhibit the bone healing process. This study examined the effect of diclofenac sodium intake on callus formation in fracture healing. In this study, thirty-six rats (Rattus Norvegicus) with fractures were used and divided into two groups, namely 18 rats for the control and 18 rats for the treatment group. In the treatment group, each rat was given 1.8 mg sodium diclofenac/150 grams of body weight per day. In the control group, each rat was given CMC-Na 0.5% with equal volume as diclofenac sodium in the treatment group. After 28 days, all the rats were stunned until dead, and the diameter and strength of their calluses were measured. In the treatment group with diclofenac sodium1.8 mg/ 150 grams BW/ 28 days after the tibia bone callus was pressed using the Shimadzu tool, the lowest callus strength was found to be 56.500 N, and the highest callus strength was 59.000 N. The lowest callus diameter in the treatment group was 4 mm, the highest was 5 mm. In the control group, the lowest callus strength was 76 N, and the highest callus strength was 77 N. The lowest callus diameter in the control group was 6 mm, and the highest was 8 mm. The strongest callus in the treatment group was found in the sixth observation, with a value of 59 N and a diameter of 4 mm. In the control group, the highest callus strength was 77 N, with a diameter of 7-8 mm. These measurements were found on the 5th, 7th, 8th, 9th, 16th, and 17th observations. Diclofenac sodium with a dose of 1.8 mg/150 grams of body weight could decrease the callus quality parameters, such as callus strength and diameter on fracture healing.
The AKT Pathway and Satellite Cell Activation in Skeletal Muscle Mass Regulation Sofiyanti, Santi; Goenawan, Hanna; Lesmana, Ronny; Tarawan, Vita Murniati
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 58, No. 1
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Abstract

Highlight: • AKT or protein kinase B increase protein synthesis and control the degradation of proteins. • Satellite cells was provided remarkable ability to regenerate skeletal muscle. • Stimulation of protein synthesis is effective therapy to maintain muscle mass, prevent muscle wasting to reduce risk sarcopenia and improve quality of life in the elderly. Abstract: Muscles have an important role as a regulator of glucose and triglyceride metabolism. Some researches show the correlation between skeletal muscle mass and metabolic diseases, such as diabetes. Skeletal muscle mass decrease occurs due to chronic illness or physiological process of aging, thus increasing the risk of metabolic diseases as well as motion difficulty in the elderly. Skeletal muscle mass depends on balanced protein synthesis and degradation, controlled through a variety of signal transduction pathways including the AKT. AKT or protein kinase B increases protein synthesis through the mTOR and GSK3β and controls the degradation of proteins through FoxO transcription factors. Another factor that has an alleged role in the regulation of skeletal muscle is the satellite cells which provide remarkable ability to regenerate skeletal muscle. A comprehensive understanding of the biomolecular mechanism of muscle mass regulation is important to develop effective treatment or prevention of muscle atrophy in many cases, either caused by pathological conditions, such as chronic diseases, or the process of aging.

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