Garuda - Garba Rujukan Digital

Effect of Gabapentin and Baclofen on Histology Study in Neuropathic Pain Fajrin, Fifteen A.; Khotib, Junaidi; Susilo, Imam
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 4, No 4 (2015)
Publisher : Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy

Neuropathic pain resulted from injury to nerves is often resistant to current treatments and can seriously cause chronic pain if no appropriate treatment is given. This study was designed to prove the effectiveness of gabapentin and baclofen in increasing latency time toward thermal stimulus and recovering the morphology of dorsal horn of spinal cord in neuropathic-induced chronic pain. Forty mice were divided into 8 groups i.e sham, negative control, gabapentin at three different doses (10, 30, 100 nmol) and baclofen at three different doses (1, 10, 30 nmol). Neuropathic condition was induced by ligation of sciatic nerve with Partial Sciatic Nerve Ligation (PSNL) method. Gabapentin and baclofen were administrated intrathecally once a day for seven days, a week after neuropathic induction. Latency time toward thermal stimulus was measured on days 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, 8, 10, 12 and 14 after induction. Histology of the dorsal horn of spinal cord tissue was examined by haematoxylline-eosin staining. The results showed that intrathecal injection of gabapentin and baclofen significantly increased latency time of mice toward thermal stimulus compared with negative control. Gabapentin and baclofen are effective as treatment for neuropathic pain. They can also help the recovery process of the histology in dorsal horn in neuropathic pain.Keywords: Baclofen, dorsal horn, gabapentin, neuropathic pain, PSNLEfek Gabapentin dan Baclofen terhadap Studi Histologi pada Nyeri NeuropatiNyeri neuropati berasal dari luka pada saraf yang umumnya sulit diterapi sehingga menyebabkan nyeri kronik bila tanpa managemen terapi yang tepat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membuktikan efektivitas gabapentin dan baclofen dalam meningkatkan waktu ketahanan terhadap panas dan memperbaiki morfologi dorsal horn dari spinal cord pada keadaan nyeri kronik yang disebabkan neuropati. Empat puluh mencit terbagi ke dalam delapan kelompok, yaitu sham, kontrol negatif, gabapentin (dosis 10, 30 dan 100 nmol) serta baclofen (dosis 1, 10 dan 30 nmol). Nyeri neuropati diinduksi menggunakan metode Partial Sciatic Nerve Ligation (PSNL). Gabapentin dan baclofen diberikan secara intratekal satu kali sehari selama tujuh hari pada satu minggu setelah induksi nyeri neuropati. Waktu ketahanan terhadap stimulus panas diamati pada hari ke-0, 1, 3, 5, 7, 8, 10, 12, dan 14 setelah induksi. Histologi dorsal horn dari spinal cord mencit diamati menggunakan pewarnaan haematoxylline-eosin. Injeksi intratekalgabapentin dan baclofen meningkatkan waktu ketahanan terhadap stimulus panas secara signifikan dibandingkan kontrol negatif. Gabapentin dan baclofen efektif sebagai terapi nyeri neuropati. Keduanya juga dapat memperbaiki histologi dorsal horn pada kondisi nyeri neuropati.Kata kunci: Baclofen, dorsal horn, gabapentin, nyeri neuropati, PSNL

Effect of Glutamine Before Gets Cisplatin on Aif and Bcl-2 in the Evidence of Apoptosis Cell Tubulus Proximal in Rats Kidney of Rattus Norvegicus Strain Wistar Michael Lumintang1, Endang Joewarini1, Sunarni Zakaria2, Gunawan Widodo3, Imam Susilo4
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i2.3188

Background: Increased incidence of cancer in the world also increases the use of chemotherapy agents. Cisplatin is one of the most effective chemotherapy agents, often used for the treatment of various solid tumors. The therapeutic effect of cisplatin significantly increased with increasing dosage. Aim: The aim of the study was to investigate the role of glutamine in the prevention of apoptosis in proximal renal tubular epithelial cells administered by cisplatin chemotherapy, via an intrinsic caspase-independent apoptotic (AIF). Methods: The study was enrolled thirty male Wistar rats. The rats were divided into three groups of treatments, group A (negative control), group B has given intraperitoneal cisplatin dose of 20 mg/KgBB, group C administered the intravenous injection of glutamine 100 mg/KgBB for 7 days. Results: Analyzed ANOVA, mean expression of BCL-2 group B = 56.80 ± 4.39 than group A (control) = 63.7 ± 5.53 decreased not significant (p = 0.06), and mean expression of BCL-2 group C = 113.30 ± 8.92 increase significant compared to group A = 63.7 ± 5.53 (p = 0.000001) and group B = 56.80 ± 4.39 (p = 0.000001). The average AIF expression group C = 236.20 ± 17.58 decreased significantly compared to group B = 309.50 ± 8.08 (p = 0.000001). The average number of group apoptosis C = 151.80 ± 21.87 decreased significantly compared to group B = 255.20 ± 27.82 (p = 0.000001). Conclusion: Glutamine can inhibit the expression of AIF, increase BCL-2 expression, and decrease apoptosis of epithelial cells of the renal proximal tubules given cisplatin.

Ekspresi Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor pada Karsinoma Duktal Invasif Payudara Triple Negative Hubungannya dengan Ekspresi Ki-67, Besar Tumor, dan Derajat Histologik . Alphania Rahniayu, Imam Susilo
Majalah Patologi Indonesia Vol 20 No 2 (2011): MPI
Publisher : Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Patologi Indonesia (IAPI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (370.963 KB)

A B S T R A K Latar Belakang Karsinoma duktal invasif payudara (KDIP) dengan fenotip triple negative (ekspresi reseptor hormon dan HER2/neu negatif) memiliki perilaku klinis yang lebih agresif dan pilihan terapi yang lebih terbatas dibandingkan tipe non triple-negative. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) merupakan famili reseptor ErbB dengan aktivitas tirosin kinase yang meningkat ekspresinya pada beberapa neoplasma. Aktivasi EGFR berlebihan menyebabkan peningkatan aktivitas proliferasi sel tumor. Tujuan Untuk menganalisis hubungan antara ekspresi EGFR dengan ekspresi Ki-67, besar tumor, dan derajat histologik pada KDIP triple negative. Bahan dan Cara Arsip histopatologi dan imunohistokimia (status reseptor hormon dan HER2/neu) karsinoma payudara selama Januari-Desember 2009 di Departemen Patologi Anatomik RSUD. Dr. Soetomo dikumpulkan. Tujuh belas kasus KDIP triple negative terkumpul berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan dilakukan pemeriksaan imunohistokimia untuk ekspresi EGFR dan Ki-67. Hubungan antara ekspresi EGFR dengan Ki-67, besar tumor, dan derajat histologik dianalisis secara statistik dengan uji Chi-square. Hasil Dari 17 kasus yang diteliti, sebanyak 10 kasus memiliki ekspresi EGFR positif, dan 13 kasus positif terhadap Ki-67. Dari 10 kasus dengan ekspresi EGFR positif, 8 kasus memiliki ekspresi Ki-67 positif, 9 kasus dengan ukuran tumor > 2 cm, dan 7 kasus dengan derajat histologik III. Berdasarkan analisis statistik, tidak didapatkan hubungan yang bermakna antara ekspresi EGFR dengan ekspresi Ki-67, besar tumor, dan derajat histologik KDIP triple negative (p>0.05). Kesimpulan Penelitian ini tidak menemukan adanya hubungan yang bermakna antara ekspresi EGFR dengan ekspresi Ki-67, besar tumor, dan derajat histologik KDIP triple negative. Kata kunci : karsinoma duktal invasif payudara, triple negative, EGFR, Ki-67 A B S T R A C T Background Triple Negative Invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) of the breast are characterized by poor clinical outcome. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a receptor tyrosine kinase of the ErbB receptor family which is abnormally activated in many epithelial tumor. The aberrant activation of the EGFR leads to enhanced proliferation and other tumor-promoting activities. Objective To analyze the correlation between EGFR expression with Ki-67 expression, tumor size and histologic grading in triple negative IDC. Material and Methods Histopathology and immunohistochemical (hormone receptor and HER2/neu status) archives of breast carcinoma between January 2009 and December 2009 at Pathology Department Dr. Soetomo Hospital were retrieved. Seventeen cases of triple negative IDC were collected and analyzed for EGFR and Ki-67 expression by immunohistochemistry. The correlation between EGFR expression with Ki-67 expression, tumor size and histologic grading were investigated. Results Ten and 13 out of 17 cases had positive staining for EGFR and Ki-67 respectively. Of 10 cases which overexpressed EGFR, 8, 9, and 7 had positive Ki-67 expression, larger tumor sizes, and higher histological grade respectively. There were no significant association between EGFR expression and Ki-67 expression, tumor size and histopathologic grading based on statistical analysis (p>0.05). Conclusion This study found no correlation between EGFR expression with Ki-67 expression, tumor size and histopathologic grading in triple negative IDC. Keywords : invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast, triple negative, EGFR, Ki-67

Ekspresi Topoisomerase IIÎ‘ pada Karsinoma Duktal Invasif Payudara, Hubungannya dengan Derajat Histopatologik dan Klasifikasi Subkelas Molekuler Payudara . Nila Kurniasari, Imam Susilo
Majalah Patologi Indonesia Vol 20 No 2 (2011): MPI
Publisher : Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Patologi Indonesia (IAPI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (468.199 KB)

ABSTRAK Latar belakang Karsinoma duktal invasive payudara merupakan penyebab tersering kematian pada wanita di seluruh dunia. Topoisomerase IIÎ± memiliki peran penting dalam replikasi DNA dan merupakan target spesifik agen kemoterapi berganda.Diduga amplifikasi topoisomerase IIÎ± berkaitan dengan prognosis yang buruk pada karsinoma duktal invasive payudara, namun mempunyai respon yang baik terhadap kemoterapi sitotoksik. Namun, hubungan antara derajat histopatologik dan klasifikasi subkelas molekuler berdasarkan ekspresi ER, PR, HER-2/neu dan Topoisomerase IIÎ± masih belum jelas. Tujuan Penelitian ini bertujuan utuk menentukan hubungan antaratopoisomerase IIÎ± pada karsinoma duktal invasif payudara dan derajat histopatologik dan klasifikasi subkelas molekuler payudara. Bahan dan cara Sejak Januari-Desember 2009, rekam medik 35pasien karsinoma duktal invasif payudara pada Departemen Patologi Anatomik RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya, dicatat data derajat histopatologik dan hasil pemeriksaan imunohistokimia (ER, PR, HER-2/neu). Pembuatan spesimen dan pulasan imunohistokimia dilakukan untuk melihat ekspresi imunohistokimia topoisomerase IIÎ±. Hasil Pemeriksaan Imunohistokimia menunjukkan ekspresi Ekspresi topoisomerase IIÎ± pada 23 (65.7%) kasus. Analisa Chi Squareantara topoisomerase IIÎ± dan derajat histopatologik menunjukkan hubungan yang tidak bermakna (p=0.091). Sedangkan analisa Chi Squareantara ekspresi topoisomerase IIÎ± dan klasifikasi subkelas molekuler payudara menunjukkan hubungan yang tidak bermakna (p= 0.204). Kesimpulan Topoisomerase IIÎ±tidak berperan pada diferensiasi, proliferasi sel tumor dan karsinogenesis karsinoma duktal invasif payudara melalui jalur hormonal. Kata kunci : karsinoma duktal invasif payudara , topoisomerase IIÎ±, ER, PR, HER-2/neu, derajat histopatologik. ABSTRACT Background Invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast was the most common cause of death among women in the world. Topoisomerase IIÎ± plays a key role in DNA replication and is a target for multiple chemotherapeutic agents. Amplification of Topoisomerase IIÎ± is considered to have correlation with poor prognosis in invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast, but have a favourable response to cytotoxic chemotherapy. The correlation between Topoisomerase IIÎ±, histopathology grading and molecular subclass classification based on ER, PR and HER-2/neu expression is still unclear. Objective This study was conducted to determine the correlation between topoisomerase IIÎ± in invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast and histopathological grading and molecular subclass classification of the breast. Methods Since January-December 2009, medical records of 35 patients invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast of Pathology department of Dr. Soetomo Hospital Surabaya, retrieved histopathological grading and immunohistochemical data (ER, PR, HER-2/neu). Specimen and immunohistochemicalexaminationwere made to study expression of topoisomerase IIÎ± Results Immunohistochemical examination topoisomerase IIÎ± expression in 23 cases (65.7%). Chi Square analysis between topoisomerase IIÎ± expression and histopathological grading showed not significant correlation (p=0.091). However, Chi Square analysis between topoisomerase IIÎ± exspresion and molecular subclass classification of the breast showed not significant correlation (p=0.204) Conclusion Topoisomerase IIÎ±have no role in differentiation, tumor cell proliferation and carcinogenesis of invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast via the hormonal pathway. Keywords: invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast, Topoisomerase IIÎ±, ER, PR, HER-2/neu, histopatho-logical grading.

Ekspresi CK-16 pada Penyembuhan Luka Superfisial dengan Penambahan Hialuronat pada Amnion Freeze-Dried . Meianti Harjani, Imam Susilo
Majalah Patologi Indonesia Vol 21 No 1 (2012): MPI
Publisher : Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Patologi Indonesia (IAPI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (517.682 KB)

ABSTRAK Latar belakang Penyembuhan luka merupakan proses yang dinamis, melibatkan sejumlah mediator, sel darah, matriks ekstra seluler serta sel parenkim. Pada penyembuhan luka epidermal, cytokeratin (CK)-16 berfungsi menstimulasi reorganisasi susunan filamen keratin yang terjadi sebelum migrasi keratinosit ke area perlukaan. Asam hialuronat adalah salah satu komponen penting matriks ekstraseluler yang memegang peranan penting dalam morfogenesis jaringan, migrasi, diferensiasi serta adesi sel. Tujuan Untuk menganalisis pengaruh penambahan hialuronat LMW pada amnion freeze-dried terhadap ekspresi protein CK-16 dalam penyembuhan luka. Bahan dan cara Luka superfisial dibuat dengan melakukan sayatan eksisional pada punggung 32 ekor tikus jantan galur Wistar. Sampel dibagi menjadi kelompok kontrol dan perlakuan. Kelompok perlakuan diterapi dengan membran amnion freeze-dried yang ditambahkan hialuronat LMW 1%. Kelompok kontrol diterapi dengan membran amnion freeze-dried saja. Masing-masing kelompok kemudian dibagi menjadi 2 sub kelompok. Tiap sub kelompok terdiri dari 8 ekor tikus yang akan dilakukan pengorbanan pada hari ke 3 dan 7 setelah pembuatan luka. Evaluasi histopatologi dilakukan dengan mengukur ketebalan dan jumlah lapisan sel epitel, serta ekspresi protein CK-16. Hasil Kelompok perlakuan menunjukkan peningkatan ketebalan dan jumlah lapisan sel epitel serta ekspresi CK-16 dibanding kelompok kontrol pada 3 dan 7 hari. Uji statistik t-test menunjukkan adanya perbedaan bermakna (p< 0.05). Kesimpulan Penambahan hialuronat LMW pada amnion freeze-dried dapat mempercepat penyembuhan luka dan epitelialisasi yang ditandai oleh ekspresi CK-16. Key words: penyembuhan luka, low molecular weight hyaluronate, epitelialisasi, CK-16 ABSTRACT Background Wound healing is a dynamic process involving mediators, blood cells, extracellular matrix and parenchymal cells. In epidermal wound healing, the function of cytokeratin (CK)-16 could be to promote reorganization of the cytoplasmic array of keratin filaments, an event that precedes the onset of keratinocyte migration into the wound site. Hyaluronic acid is one of the essential components of extracellular matrix, which plays a predominant role in tissue morphogenesis, cell migration, differentiation, and adhesion. Objective To evaluate the effects addition of Low Molecular Weight Hyaluronate of amnion freeze-dried on expression of protein CK-16 in wound healing. Material and methods Superficial-thickness excisional wounds were created along the backs of 32 adult wistar rats. Sample were divided into 2 groups. Test group was treated by freeze-dried amnion and 1% Low Molecular Weight Hyaluronate. Control group was treated by freeze-dried amnion only. Each of the groups was divided into 2 sub groups. Each of the sub groups composed of 8 wistar rats based on the periode of termination: 3rd and 7th day after wounded. Histological evaluation was done to measure the thickness and amount of epithelial layer and expression of CK-16. Results Test group showed not only higher thickness and amount of epithelial layer but also that expression of CK-16 compare to control group on 3 and 7 days. Statistic test of t-test showed significant differentiated (p

Ekspresi Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) pada Nodul Hiperplastik, Adenoma Folikuler dan Karsinoma Folikuler Tiroid . Heriyawati; Imam Susilo
Majalah Patologi Indonesia Vol 23 No 1 (2014): MPI
Publisher : Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Patologi Indonesia (IAPI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (429.388 KB)

Background Differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules can be problematic for pathologists and clinicians in routine examination. Especially, in differentiating hypercellular, hyperplastic nodule from follicular adenoma, as well as follicular adenoma from follicular carcinoma, because evidence of capsular and vascular invasion is necessary. Thus, ancilliary diagnostic marker may be useful along with histopathological examination of the nodules thyroid. Methods An analytic observational study with cross sectional approach was carried out. Study samples were patients with hyperplastic nodule, follicular adenoma and follicular carcinoma which were diagnosed histopathologically at the Laboratory of Anatomical Pathology of Dr. Soetomo Hospital during 2009-2011. Immunohistochemical examination was performed by using polyclonal antibody against MMP-9, a protein which has the ability to degrade extracellular matrix. Expression of MMP-9 was assessed semi quantitatively based on the percentage of tumor cells that showed imunoreactivity. Statistical differences were analyzed by using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney test, with significance limit of p

Pengaruh Pemberian Topikal Low Molecular Weight Hyaluronate pada Ekspresi VEGF Luka Superfisial yang Dirawat Dengan Membran Amnion Freeze-Dried Ferdinant Martinus Djawa; Imam Susilo
Majalah Patologi Indonesia Vol 22 No 1 (2013): MPI
Publisher : Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Patologi Indonesia (IAPI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (515.496 KB)

ABSTRAK Latar belakang Tujuan utama dari perawatan luka adalah penyembuhan luka yang cepat dengan fungsi dan estetik yang memuaskan. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) dalam penyembuhan luka superfisial kulit memacu angiogenesis melalui promosi sel endotel. Asam hialuronat adalah salah satu komponen penting dari matriks ekstrasel yang memainkan peran utama dalam morfogenesis jaringan, migrasi sel, diferensiasi dan adhesi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh hialuronat LMW pada ekspresi VEGF dalam penyembuhan luka yang dirawat dengan amnion freeze-dried. Metode 32 ekor tikus putih galur Wistar jantan dibagi dalam 2 kelompok kontol dan perlakuan, kemudian dibuat luka superfisial pada masing-masing punggung tikus. Kelompok kontrol diterapi dengan amnion freeze-dried, sedangkan kelompok perlakuan diberikan hialuronat LMW 1% dan amnion freeze-dried. Setiap kelompok dibagi menjadi 2 sub kelompok, masing-masing terdiri dari 8 ekor tikus, determinasi pada hari ke-3 dan ke-7. Evaluasi histology dilakukan untuk menentukan adanya pembuluh darah baru dan ekspresi VEGF sel endotel pembuluh darah. Hasil Terdapat perbedaan jumlah pembuluh darah dan perbedaan ekspresi VEGF sel endotel pembuluh darah di antara kelompok yang diterapi dengan amnion freeze-dried dan kelompok yang diterapi amnion freeze-dried dengan tambahan hialuronat LMW. Kesimpulan Penambahan hialuronat LMW memberikan efek yang menguntungkan pada penyembuhan luka superficial tikus putih jantan yang dirawat dengan amnion freeze-dried. Kata kunci : Amnion freeze-dried, hialuronat LMW, ekspresi VEGF. ABSTRACT Background The main goal of wound care is the rapid wound closure with satisfactory function and esthetics. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in wound healing provokes dermal angiogenesis through promotion of endothelial cell. Hyaluronic acic (HA) is one of the essential components of extracellular matrix, which plays a predominant role in tissue morphogenesis, cell migration, differentiation and adhesion. This study was to evaluate the effect of Low Molecular Weight Hyaluronate on expression of VEGF in wound healing was treated by amnion preserved. Methods Thirty-two wistar rats were divided into 2 groups and then superficial-thickness excisional wounds were created along their backs. One was treated by freeze-dried amnion and 1% Low Molecular Weight Hyaluronate and the other was treated by freeze dried amnion as control group. Each of the groups was divided into 2 sub groups. Each of the sub groups composed of 8 wistar rats based on the periode of termination: 3rd, 7th day after wounded. Histological evaluation was done to determine the presence of new small blood vessel and expression of VEGF of capillary endothelial cells. Results Combination of freeze-dried amnion and low molecular weight hyaluronate on superficial-thickness excisional wounds improved wound healing characterized by neovascularization formed and changed of expression of VEGF within cytoplasm or surface of endothel cells. Conclusion LMW Hyaluronate was promote supporting efect in repairment of superficial wound in male Wistar rats which was treated with freeze-dried amnion. Key words : Amnion freeze dried, hialuronat LMW, VEGF expression.

Hubungan Ekspresi Her-2/Neu, Skor Gleason dan Metastasis Tulang pada Adenokarsinoma Prostat Nina Mardiana; Imam Susilo
Majalah Patologi Indonesia Vol 22 No 2 (2013): MPI
Publisher : Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Patologi Indonesia (IAPI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (432.697 KB)

ABSTRAK Latarbelakang Prediksi sifat biologik adenokarsinoma prostat masih menjadi masalah. Umumnya, kanker prostat tidak menimbulkan keluhan (asimtomatik) walaupun kadang-kadang sudah ada metastasis. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan parameter yang bisa dipakai sebagai faktor prognostik sehingga pendekatan terapi bisa lebih tepat. Penelitian ini menganalisis hubungan ekspresi Her-2/Neu dan skor Gleason dengan kejadian metastasis tulang. Metode Penilaian dilakukan terhadap blok parafin penderita adenokarsinoma prostat yang didiagnosis di RSUD. Dr. Soetomo mulai Januari 2009-Mei 2012 dan memenuhi kriteria, sebanyak total 28 sampel. Kemudian dilakukan analisis hubungan masing-masing variabel dengan uji Spearman dan Chi Square. Hasil Ekspresi Her-2/Neu terbesar ialah kategori negatif (16/28 kasus). Sebagian besar kanker berdiferensiasi rendah (17/28 kasus). Jumlah sampel dengan metastasis 16/28 kasus. Uji hubungan antara ekspresi Her-2/Neu dan skor Gleason, antara ekspresi Her-2/Neu dan metastasis serta antara skor Gleason dan metastasis menunjukkan hubungan yang tidak bermakna. Kesimpulan Terdapat hubungan yang tidak bermakna antara ekspresi Her-2/Neu, skor Gleason dan kejadian metastasis tulang pada adenokarsinoma prostat. Kata kunci : adenokarsinoma prostat, ekspresi Her-2/Neu, skor Gleason, metastasis tulang. ABSTRACT Background Prediction of prostate adenocarcinoma biological behavior is still a problem. Generally, prostate cancersdo not cause complaints although some times there arealready metastasized. Therefore, parameters are required which can be usedas prognostic factorsso that therapeutic approaches can be more precise. This study analyzed the correlation of Her-2/Neu expression, Gleasonâ€™sscore and the incidence of bone metastases. Methods Assessment was performed on paraffin blocks of prostate adenocarcinoma patients who were diagnosed in Dr. Soetomo hospital during January 2009-May 2012 and met the criteria, with a total of 28 samples. Each variable was analyzed with the Spearman and Chi Square test. Results Expression of Her-2/Neu was mostly included in the negative category (16/28 cases). Most of the cancers showed low differentiation or high grade (17/28 cases). The number of metastases was 16/28 cases. Statistical test which assa the relationship between expression of Her-2/Neu and Gleasonâ€™s score, between HER-2/Neu expression and metastasisas well as the Gleasonâ€™s score and metastasis showed no significant correlation. Conclusion There was no significant correlation between the expression of Her2/Neu, Gleasonâ€™s scoreand the incidence of bone metastases in prostate adenocarcinoma. Key words : Adenocarcinoma of the prostate, Her-2/Neu expression, Gleasonâ€™s score, bone metastases.

Effect of Gabapentin and Baclofen on Histology Study in Neuropathic Pain Fifteen A. Fajrin; Junaidi Khotib; Imam Susilo
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 4, No 4 (2015)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Neuropathic pain resulted from injury to nerves is often resistant to current treatments and can seriously cause chronic pain if no appropriate treatment is given. This study was designed to prove the effectiveness of gabapentin and baclofen in increasing latency time toward thermal stimulus and recovering the morphology of dorsal horn of spinal cord in neuropathic-induced chronic pain. Forty mice were divided into 8 groups i.e sham, negative control, gabapentin at three different doses (10, 30, 100 nmol) and baclofen at three different doses (1, 10, 30 nmol). Neuropathic condition was induced by ligation of sciatic nerve with Partial Sciatic Nerve Ligation (PSNL) method. Gabapentin and baclofen were administrated intrathecally once a day for seven days, a week after neuropathic induction. Latency time toward thermal stimulus was measured on days 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, 8, 10, 12 and 14 after induction. Histology of the dorsal horn of spinal cord tissue was examined by haematoxylline-eosin staining. The results showed that intrathecal injection of gabapentin and baclofen significantly increased latency time of mice toward thermal stimulus compared with negative control. Gabapentin and baclofen are effective as treatment for neuropathic pain. They can also help the recovery process of the histology in dorsal horn in neuropathic pain.Keywords: Baclofen, dorsal horn, gabapentin, neuropathic pain, PSNLEfek Gabapentin dan Baclofen terhadap Studi Histologi pada Nyeri NeuropatiNyeri neuropati berasal dari luka pada saraf yang umumnya sulit diterapi sehingga menyebabkan nyeri kronik bila tanpa managemen terapi yang tepat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membuktikan efektivitas gabapentin dan baclofen dalam meningkatkan waktu ketahanan terhadap panas dan memperbaiki morfologi dorsal horn dari spinal cord pada keadaan nyeri kronik yang disebabkan neuropati. Empat puluh mencit terbagi ke dalam delapan kelompok, yaitu sham, kontrol negatif, gabapentin (dosis 10, 30 dan 100 nmol) serta baclofen (dosis 1, 10 dan 30 nmol). Nyeri neuropati diinduksi menggunakan metode Partial Sciatic Nerve Ligation (PSNL). Gabapentin dan baclofen diberikan secara intratekal satu kali sehari selama tujuh hari pada satu minggu setelah induksi nyeri neuropati. Waktu ketahanan terhadap stimulus panas diamati pada hari ke-0, 1, 3, 5, 7, 8, 10, 12, dan 14 setelah induksi. Histologi dorsal horn dari spinal cord mencit diamati menggunakan pewarnaan haematoxylline-eosin. Injeksi intratekalgabapentin dan baclofen meningkatkan waktu ketahanan terhadap stimulus panas secara signifikan dibandingkan kontrol negatif. Gabapentin dan baclofen efektif sebagai terapi nyeri neuropati. Keduanya juga dapat memperbaiki histologi dorsal horn pada kondisi nyeri neuropati.Kata kunci: Baclofen, dorsal horn, gabapentin, nyeri neuropati, PSNL

DESAIN SISTEM PEMERINTAHAN PRESIDENSIAL YANG EFEKTIF Susilo Imam Santosa; I Ketut Suardita
Kertha Negara : Journal Ilmu Hukum Vol. 03, No. 02, Mei 2015
Publisher : Kertha Negara : Journal Ilmu Hukum

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (18.671 KB)

Secara konstitusional Indonesia menganut sistem pemerintahan presidensial,sistem pemilu proporsional dan menganut sistem multi partai. Sampai sekarang,pemerintahan demokratis yang dibangun belum stabil, hal ini tidak terlepas dari tidakcocoknya bangunan ketiga sistem tersebut. Rumusan sistem presidensial yang diamanatkankonstitusi ternyata sulit dalam penerapannya, bahkan berjalan kurang efektif apalagididukung oleh lemahnya performa dan lembaga presiden dalam menjaga stabilitas politik.Dengan demikian perlu desain sistem pemerintahan presidensial yang efektif denganpenataan kembali baik secara institusional maupun non institusional.

Title

Found 27 Documents
Search

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Title Search

Found 27 Documents Search

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Title

Found 27 Documents
Search