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Criksetra: Jurnal Pendidikan Sejarah
Published by Universitas Sriwijaya
ISSN : 19788673     EISSN : 26569620     DOI : https://doi.org/10.36706/jc.v13i2.13
Core Subject : Humanities, Education, Social,
Humanities Education Social Sciences Other
Historiography means the writing of history based on the critical examination of sources, the selection of particular details from the authentic materials in those sources, and the synthesis of those details into a narrative that stands the test of critical examination. Historiography studies cover chronologically various themes, such as local history, social history, cultural history, economic history, political history, military history, intellectual history, environmental history, and other historical studies. History of education is a study of the past that focuses on educational issues. These include education systems, institutions, theories, themes and other related phenomena in the past. History education includes studies of how history teaches in school or society, curriculum, educational values in events, figures, and historical heritage, media and sources of historical learning, history teachers, and studies of textbooks.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Sosial (Lain-Lain)
Articles 186 Documents
 1   2   3   4   5 
Analysis of Pancasila Students Profile Media Needs for History Learning at Senior High School Number 1 in Indralaya Umi Wulandari; Syarifuddin; Umi Chotimah; Sri Sumarni; Hermi Yanzi
Criksetra: Jurnal Pendidikan Sejarah Vol. 13 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Sriwijaya University in collaboration with  Perkumpulan Program Studi Pendidikan Sejarah Se-Indonesia (P3SI) dan Masyarakat Sejarawan Indonesia (MSI). 

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36706/jc.v13i2.15

Abstract

Abstract:  In writing this article, the aim is to present the results of a needs analysis related to the use of media containing the profile character of Pancasila students by distributing questionnaires and interviews directly to the research location. This research was conducted at Senior High School Number 1 in 1 Indralaya using descriptive qualitative research methods. The data obtained in this research is in the form of qualitative data with analysis of the data obtained before being compiled into descriptive data for use in writing. Data collection techniques use questionnaires distributed to students and interviews conducted with educators. The research results obtained show that in the learning process students are more interested in learning that uses internet technology. The use of the internet in the history learning process has not been widely implemented in every school. In applying the dimensions of the Pancasila student profile, the internet can be an alternative by producing various media. This media can be used in the learning process through interesting history lessons. The media produced is in the form of posters, videos and historical dominoes. Abstrak: Dalam kepenulisan artikel ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengemukakan mengenai hasil dari analisis kebutuhan terkait penggunaan media bermuatan karakter profil pelajar Pancasila dengan penyebaran angket dan wawancara langsung ke lokasi penelitian. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMA Negeri 1 Indralaya dengan menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Data yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini berbentuk data kualitatif dengan dilakukan analisis terhadap data yang diperoleh sebelum disusun menjadi data deskriptif untuk digunakan dalam tulisan. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan angket yang dibagikan kepada peserta didik dan wawancara dilakukan bersama pendidik. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa dalam proses pembelajaran  peserta didik lebih tertarik dengan pembelajaran yang menggunakan teknologi internet. Penggunaan internet dalam proses pembelajaran sejarah belum banyak diterapkan dalam setiap sekolah. Dalam penerapan dimensi profil pelajar Pancasila, internet dapat menjadi salah satu alternatif dengan menghasilkan berbagai media. Media tersebut bisa digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran melalui pembelajaran sejarah yang dibuat secara menarik. Media yang dihasilkan berupa poster, video dan domino sejarah.
Islamization In Besemah During The 18th to 20th Centuries Rahyu Zami
Criksetra: Jurnal Pendidikan Sejarah Vol. 13 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Sriwijaya University in collaboration with  Perkumpulan Program Studi Pendidikan Sejarah Se-Indonesia (P3SI) dan Masyarakat Sejarawan Indonesia (MSI). 

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36706/jc.v13i2.19

Abstract

Abstract: The arrival of Islam to the Besemah region is less certain, but the character of a cleric named Puyang Awak is considered the first spreader of Islam in Besemah.  Islam came to Besemah rather late considering that this region is an inland area that is quite difficult to access, but this situation did not make the development of Islam experience a significant obstacle, especially by making Islam the official religion of the Sultanate of Palembang. This research method uses historical method, which consists of heuristic, verification, interpretation and historiography. The research findings show that the massive development of Islam was seen since Palembang became the centre of Islamic studies by producing great scholars in the 18th century. The success of the spread of Islam in Besemah is inseparable from the da'wah strategy applied by mubaligh which is polite and accommodating to the existing local culture. The support of Islamic organizations such as Sarekat Islam and Muhammadiyah is one of the supporting factors for the successful spread of Islam and the purification of Islam in the Besemah region. Abstrak: Kedatangan Islam ke wilayah Besemah kurang diketahui secara pasti, namun ketokohan seorang ulama bernama Puyang Awak dianggap penyebar pertama Islam di Besemah.  Islam datang ke Besemah agak terlambat melihat wilayah ini termasuk wilayah pedalaman yang cukup sulit untuk diakses, namun keadaan tersebut tidak membuat perkembangan agama Islam mengalami suatu kendala yang berarti, terutama dengan dijadikan Islam sebagai agama resmi kesultanan Palembang. Metode peneitian ini menggunakan metode historis, yang terdiri dari heuristik, verifikasi, interpretasi dan historiografi. Temuna penelitian menunjukkan perkembangan Islam secara massif tampak sejak Palembang menjadi pusat studi Islam dengan melahirkan ulama-ulama besar di abad 18 Masehi. Keberhasilan penyebaran Islam di Besemah tidak terlepas dari strategi dakwah yang diterapkan oleh mubaligh yang bersifat santun dan akomodatif terhadap budaya lokal yang ada. Dukungan organisasi Keislmana seperti Sarekat Islam dan Muhammadiyah menjadi salah satu faktor pendukung suksesnya penyebaran Islam dan pemurnian Keislaman di wilayah Besemah.
Implementation of Kurikulum Merdeka for Learning History Subjects for Students of State Vocational High School Number 2 In Kayuagung Tomy Wijaya; Andika; Syarifuddin
Criksetra: Jurnal Pendidikan Sejarah Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Sriwijaya University in collaboration with  Perkumpulan Program Studi Pendidikan Sejarah Se-Indonesia (P3SI) dan Masyarakat Sejarawan Indonesia (MSI). 

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36706/jc.v14i1.20

Abstract

Curriculum reform is an important part of Indonesia's education development efforts. In this regard, there have been many changes in the Indonesian education system, including improvements in curriculum, teaching methods, use of infrastructure, and the quality of teachers as educators. The Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology in 2022 has issued a policy that has given students freedom to hone their abilities in the Merdeka Curriculum. The implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum at State Vocational High School Number 2 in Kayuagung is new and requires an implementation process because it is difficult for teachers to find time for effective teaching and learning. This research emphasizes natural sources of information, uses snowball data collection, and uses triangulation to obtain information. Informative research is directional/qualitative, which is more general in nature. The concept of Merdeka curriculum for history subjects at State Vocational High School Number 2 in Kayuagung is directed learning planning, mastery of skills, efficient use of time, and creativity. The aim is to create an environment and openness through debate between teachers and students, and to improve students' abilities. The curriculum also emphasizes ethical behavior, soft and hard skills, and scientific understanding. It promotes freedom to learn, demands creativity from educators, and encourages independence, creativity and flexibility.
Transformation of the Archipelago: The Journey of Islam and its Legacy in Indonesian Culture Aninda Tri Safinatun Najah
Criksetra: Jurnal Pendidikan Sejarah Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Sriwijaya University in collaboration with  Perkumpulan Program Studi Pendidikan Sejarah Se-Indonesia (P3SI) dan Masyarakat Sejarawan Indonesia (MSI). 

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36706/jc.v14i1.23

Abstract

This research examines the influence of Islamic civilization on the formation of civilization and social life in Indonesia. The main focus is on understanding how the arrival and interaction of Muslim traders from Arabia, Persia, and India affected the social, cultural, and religious development in Indonesia. The aim of this research is to historically analyze the role of Islamic civilization in shaping the national identity and social dynamics of Indonesia. This study employs the library research method to explore the history of the spread of Islam in Indonesia. The findings indicate that Islamic civilization has significantly contributed to shaping the social and cultural values of Indonesian society, particularly in aspects such as education, law, art, and traditions. Furthermore, the research reveals that the spread of Islam through trade routes created strong social and economic networks in the archipelago, which contributed to the integration and unity of the Indonesian territory. The conclusion of this research is that Islamic civilization played a role in the dissemination of religion and in forming social and cultural foundations that are still evident today. This influence is reflected in the daily lives of Indonesian people, both in religious practices and in the social values they uphold. Therefore, understanding the role of Islamic civilization in Indonesia's history provides important insights into the development of national identity and cultural diversity.
Cultural Crossroads of the Korean Wave in Jambi City 2001-2020 Fhirda Syiffa Almira; Nelly Indrayani; Hanif Risa Mustafa
Criksetra: Jurnal Pendidikan Sejarah Vol. 13 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Sriwijaya University in collaboration with  Perkumpulan Program Studi Pendidikan Sejarah Se-Indonesia (P3SI) dan Masyarakat Sejarawan Indonesia (MSI). 

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36706/jc.v13i2.28

Abstract

Abstract : The purpose of writing this paper is to explain about the Korean wave   popular culture from South Korean. The beginning of the korean wave in Jambi was caused by the current of globalization. Advances in technology have made the korean wave spread rapidly. The phenomenon of the korean wave that has created fan groups in Jambi makes it interesting to research.The problems that will be of concern in conducting this research are what factors pushed the Korean wave   to enter Jambi, how was the development of the korean wave in Jambi and what was the impact of the Korean wave   on the people in Jambi. This study aims to find out how the history of the entry and development of Korean wave   popular culture has had an impact on the people of Jambi City. In this study using historical research methods. The techniques used for data collection are archives, literature studies, and interviews. The results of this study are that the Korean wave   entered Jambi City starting with the broadcast of Korean dramas on various television channels. The factor driving the entry and development of the korean wave was globalization resulting in advances in technology and information such as the internet and social media which created fan groups. The presence of the Korean wave   has an impact on society such as social, cultural and economic impacts. Abstrak : Penelitian ini membahas tentang budaya populer Korean wave . Di Kota Jambi, masuk dan berkembangnya korean wave ini di dukung dengan kemajuan di bidang teknologi dan komunikasi yang membuat persebaran dari produk korean wave semakin cepat. Hadir dan berkembangnya korean wave menciptakan kelompok penggemar. Fenomena ini menarik untuk diteliti. Adapun permasalahan yang akan menjadi perhatian dalam melakukan penelitian ini adalah bagaimana korean wave masuk dan berkembang ke Kota Jambi, dan bagaimana dampak Korean wave   terhadap masyarakat di Jambi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana sejarah masuk dan berkembangnya budaya populer korean wave hingga memberikan dampak terhadap masyarakat di Kota Jambi. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian sejarah. Adapun teknik yang dilakukan untuk pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah dengan menggunakan suber-sumber, studi pustaka, dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian ini adalah Korean wave   masuk di Kota Jambi diawali dengan tayangnya drama Korea di berbagai saluran televisi. Faktor yang mendorong masuk dan berkembangnya Korean wave adalah adanya globalisasi sehingga terjadi kemajuan di bidang teknologi dan informasi seperti internet dan media sosial yang menciptakan kelompok penggemar. Kehadiran korean wave  memberikan dampak sosial, budaya dan ekonomi.
Changes in the Meaning of Space Around the Lematang River in the 1910 - 1980s Dennys Pradita; Ari Mukti Wardoyo Adi; Devi Itawan; J. Susetyo Edy Yuwono
Criksetra: Jurnal Pendidikan Sejarah Vol. 13 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Sriwijaya University in collaboration with  Perkumpulan Program Studi Pendidikan Sejarah Se-Indonesia (P3SI) dan Masyarakat Sejarawan Indonesia (MSI). 

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36706/jc.v13i2.29

Abstract

Abstract: The ideas brought by the externals had major implications. The idea of natural exploitation as well as economic advancement around the Lematang River occurred from the beginning of the 20th century to the first half of the 20th century, which had a major impact on the community. The communities around the Lematang River were originally settled and dependent on the river life. This study aims to examine the changes in the meaning of space due to changes in the natural landscape. This research uses the historical method. The results showed that exploitation around the Lematang river flow intensified in the early 20th century through plantations, trade and mining. Similar conditions also existed during the New Order period, the government tried to accelerate the economic progress of the region by opening roads and bridges which further changed the meaning of the community regarding the river. Changes in the natural landscape due to the existence of plantations and also land routes have become a magnet for people to move to become farming communities or planters who do a lot of activities on land and there are changes in the concept of space around. Abstrak: Gagasan mengenai ekploitasi alam dan juga kemajuan ekonomi di sekitar aliran sungai Lematang terjadi dari awal abad XX sampai paruh pertama abad XX yang berdampak besar terhadap masyarakat. Masyarakat di sekitar aliran sungai Lematang pada mulanya menetap dan bergantung pada kehidupan sungainya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji mengenai perubahan pemaknaan ruang akibat adanya perubahan lanskap alam. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode sejarah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan eksploitasi di sekitar aliran sungai Lematang semakin gencar pada awal Abad XX melalui perkebunan, perdagangan dan juga pertambangan. Kondisi serupa juga terjada pada masa Orde Baru, pemerintah berupaya mempercepat kemajuan ekonomi Kawasan dengan membuka jalan dan jembatan yang semakin mengubah pemaknaan masyarakat mengenai aliran sungai. Perubahan lanskap alam akibat adanya perkebunan dan juga jalur darat telah menjadi magnet bagi masyarkat untuk berpindah menjadi Masyarakat petani atau pekebun yang banyak beraktifitas di daratan serta ada perubahan mengenai konsep ruang di sekitar.
The Subkoss Garuda Sriwijaya Struggle Museum in the Efforts to Preserve Local History in Lubuklinggau Ravico; Berlian Susetyo; Sisca Arie Hanika; Muhammad Natarsyah
Criksetra: Jurnal Pendidikan Sejarah Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Sriwijaya University in collaboration with  Perkumpulan Program Studi Pendidikan Sejarah Se-Indonesia (P3SI) dan Masyarakat Sejarawan Indonesia (MSI). 

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36706/jc.v14i1.32

Abstract

The Garuda Sriwijaya Subkoss Struggle Museum is a museum unit managed by the South Sumatra State Museum Technical Implementation Unit, South Sumatra Provincial Culture and Tourism Office. This museum is categorised as a special museum that displays the struggle of the physical revolution to defend the independence of the Republic of Indonesia in South Sumatra in 1945-1949. In addition to being a source of learning, the museum acts as preserving objects of historical and cultural value through programmes implemented by the museum itself and making the museum a local history education by bringing in visitors. This research discusses in detail the history and policies of the museum in preserving local history in Lubuklinggau. This research uses narrative qualitative research. The results of the research obtained that the Garuda Sriwijaya Subkoss Struggle Museum is a museum that has a large collection of objects of the struggle of the people in Lubuklinggau and its surroundings in an effort to maintain independence, so that in 1988 it was inaugurated as a museum. After the museum collection has been classified according to category, then make a museum exhibition policy to support the introduction and preservation of local history in Lubuklinggau.
Ethnography of Parno Marriage Customs in the Oral Tradition of Nagahi Koto Majidin Community, Kerinci, Jambi Province Ravico; Muhammad Ridha DS; Samsul Bahry Harahap
Criksetra: Jurnal Pendidikan Sejarah Vol. 13 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Sriwijaya University in collaboration with  Perkumpulan Program Studi Pendidikan Sejarah Se-Indonesia (P3SI) dan Masyarakat Sejarawan Indonesia (MSI). 

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36706/jc.v13i2.33

Abstract

Abstract: This research aims to preserve the oral tradition or parno, which is currently experiencing a decline in interest among the younger generation of the Koto Majidin community, Kerinci. The study adopts an ethnographic model that encompasses 12 steps, involving interviews and participatory observation. Interviews were conducted with ‘ninik mamak’ (village elders), religious leaders, and community members involved in marriage traditions. Additionally, observations of wedding ceremonies were carried out to obtain comprehensive data. The research results show that the performance of ‘parno’ in marriage traditions consists of two main aspects: advisory performance and storytelling performance. ‘Parno’ in marriage traditions is a form of communication with a pattern of delivering advice rich in meaning, function, value, and norms. Based on these findings, a model for revitalizing the parno tradition is formulated into two programs: short-term and long-term. This model is developed based on the opinions and suggestions of informants as well as the researcher's observations. The short-term program includes activities that can be immediately implemented to attract the interest of the younger generation, while the long-term program focuses on sustainable efforts to maintain this tradition in the future. Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melestarikan tradisi lisan atau parno yang saat ini mengalami pergeseran minat di kalangan generasi muda masyarakat Koto Majidin, Kerinci. Penelitian ini mengadopsi model etnografi yang mencakup 12 langkah, yang melibatkan wawancara dan observasi partisipatif. Wawancara terhadap ninik mamak, ulama, dan masyarakat yang terlibat dalam tradisi pernikahan. Selain itu, observasi terhadap upacara pernikahan juga dilakukan untuk memperoleh data yang komprehensif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa performansi parno adat perkawinan terdiri dari dua aspek utama: performansi menasihati dan performansi bercerita. Parno adat perkawinan merupakan bentuk komunikasi yang memiliki pola penyampaian nasihat-nasihat yang kaya akan makna, fungsi, nilai, dan norma. Berdasarkan temuan tersebut, model revitalisasi tradisi parno dirumuskan dalam dua program, yaitu jangka panjang dan jangka pendek. Model ini disusun berdasarkan pendapat dan saran dari para informan serta hasil observasi peneliti. Program jangka pendek mencakup kegiatan-kegiatan yang dapat segera diimplementasikan untuk menarik minat generasi muda, sementara program jangka panjang difokuskan pada upaya berkelanjutan untuk mempertahankan tradisi ini di masa mendatang.
The Cultural Meaning of Colonial Power in Residentwoning Palembang Dedi Irwanto
Criksetra: Jurnal Pendidikan Sejarah Vol. 13 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Sriwijaya University in collaboration with  Perkumpulan Program Studi Pendidikan Sejarah Se-Indonesia (P3SI) dan Masyarakat Sejarawan Indonesia (MSI). 

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36706/jc.v13i2.37

Abstract

Abstract: In the early colonial era, palace buildings served as residentwoning. This article examines how form, architecture, materials, and technology were used to create Palembang residentwoning. The symbolic meaning of the residentwoning is where the analysis of the changes is situated. This research uses historical methods in critically examining and analyzing recorded remains of the past. The approach in this study is description-analysis based on symbolic meaning. This study's analysis indicates that the Palembang residentwoning can take the place of the Palembang sultanate palace as the hub for political administration, both military and civil. Since the residentwoning was established during the early days of the Dutch administration in Palembang, it has actually contributed to the local economy by upholding compliance through verbal and visual cues highlighting the residence's grandeur as the Palembang Residency's ruler. The uluan people of Palembang planted a variety of commercial commodities, including coffee, tea, cotton, rubber, and palm oil, as ordered by the residentwoning. This eventually resulted in the advancement of trade in the colonial city of Palembang. Abstrak: Artikel ini menganalisis perubahan alih fungsi bangunan kraton ke rumah residen masa awal kolonial, termasuk fungsi bentuk, arsitektur, bahan, dan teknologi. Analisis perubahan ditempatkan dalam pemaknaan simbolik kehadiran rumah residen. Penelitian menggunakan metode historis dalam menguji rekaman tinggalan masa lalu secara kritis. Pendekatan kajian ini adalah deskripsi-analisis berdasar symbolic meaning. Analisis kajian ini menunjukkan kehadiran rumah residen mampu menggantikan kraton Kesultanan Palembang, baik sebagai pusat administrasi politik sipil maupun militer. Bahkan kehadiran rumah residen di awal pemerintah Belanda di Palembang, secara kultural menjadi penggerak perekonomian daerah-daerah uluan Palembang dengan cara menjaga kepatuhan lewat visual dan non-verbal dari kebesaran rumah residen sebagai penguasa di Keresidenan Palembang. Melalui perintah-perintah dari rumah residen, masyarakat uluan di Palembang akan patuh menanam berbagai komoditas komersil seperti kopi, teh, kapas, karet, dan kelapa sawit yang akhirnya menjadi kemajuan perdagangan di Kota Palembang masa kolonial.
Geohistory of the Makassar Spice Network from the 16th to 17th Century Rifal
Criksetra: Jurnal Pendidikan Sejarah Vol. 13 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Sriwijaya University in collaboration with  Perkumpulan Program Studi Pendidikan Sejarah Se-Indonesia (P3SI) dan Masyarakat Sejarawan Indonesia (MSI). 

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36706/jc.v13i2.39

Abstract

Abstract: This article discusses the geohistory of the spice network of Makassar from the 16th to the 17th century. The modern world of eastern Indonesia, including Makassar, is thought to have begun after the arrival of foreigners. This needs to be re-examined, as the trade of the inland kingdoms played an important role in the development of the coastal kingdoms. Makassar's trade had contacts with Banda. For this reason, the author presents a geohistorical study of the natural formation of a spice trade network in the interior of South Sulawesi. The purpose of this study is to reveal the role of geography, topography, surrounding islands, marine systems, climate and munsom winds, both on the west coast of Sulawesi, the east coast of Sulawesi and the mountains, in the development of the spice network in Makassar. The method used in this study is the historical research method with a literature approach. As described by Kuntowijoyo, from the selection of topic, heuristics, verification, interpretation and historical writing. The literature review study has an important position in revealing the problem. The results show that the development of Makassar's spice network cannot be separated from the geographical conditions, topography, surrounding islands, marine systems, climate and Munsom winds. In addition, Makassar is located on the main sea route connecting a number of sea systems (Makassar Strait, Bone Bay, Flores Sea, Banda Sea and Java Sea). With such a geostrategic structure, the kingdoms of the hinterland. Abstrak: Artikel ini membahas geohistori jaringan rempah Makassar abad XVI-XVII. Dunia modern Indonesia Timur termasuk Makassar dianggap dimulai setelah masuknya bangsa asing. Hal tersebut perlu ditelaah ulang, mengingat bahwa perdagangan kerajaan pedalaman memiliki peran penting dalam perkembangan kerajaan-kerajaan pesisir. Perdagangan Makassar telah memiliki kontak dagang dengan wilayah di Banda. Untuk itu penulis mengetengahkan kajian geohistori yang terbentuk secara alamiah yang membentuk jaringan perdagangan rempah di pedalaman Sulawesi bagian selatan. Tujuan penelitian ini mengungkap peranan geografis, topografi, pulau-pulau sekitarnya, sistem laut, iklim dan angin munsom, baik yang terletak di pantai barat Sulawesi, pantai timur Sulawesi, serta pegunungan dalam perkembangan jaringan rempah di Makassar. Metode yang digunakan studi ini, metode penelitian sejarah dengan pendekatan kepustakaan. Sesuai yang dijabarkan Kuntowijoyo, mulai dari memilih topik, heuristik, verifikasi, interpretasi, dan penulisan sejarah. Studi literature review memiliki posisi penting dalam mengungkap masalah. Hasil penelitian menujukkan perkembangan jaringan rempah Makassar tidak dapat dilepaskan dari kondisi geografis, topografi, pulau-pulau sekitarnya, sistem laut, iklim dan angin munsom. Selain itu Makassar terletak di jalan utama maritim yang menghubungkan sejumlah sistem laut (Selat Makassar, Teluk Bone, Laut Flores, Laut Banda, dan Laut Jawa). Dengan struktur geostrategis, kerajaan-kerajaan pedalaman sebagai penghasil beras dibarter dengan rempah-rempah

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