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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,315 Documents
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Assessing social capital in community forest management in the Mount Hamiding Protection Forest, North Halmahera District, North Maluku, Indonesia JACOB KAILOLA; RIS HADI PURWANTO; SUMARDI SUMARDI; LIES RAHAYU W FAIDA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240150

Abstract

Abstract. Kailola J, Purwanto RH, Sumardi, Faida LRW. 2023. Assessing social capital in community forest management in the Mount Hamiding Protection Forest, North Halmahera District, North Maluku, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 431-440. The success of forest management in the context of community forestry cannot be separated from the contribution of social capital. The Mount Hamiding Protection Forest is administratively located in North Halmahera District, North Maluku Province, Indonesia, and has a high biodiversity value with endemic flora and fauna. However, the management has not shown significant impacts in enhancing the welfare of the surrounding community, and there have been forest disturbances due to anthropogenic activities and vertical conflict. Hypothetically, the high level of social capital can support sustainable forest management and improve people's welfare, yet this has not been tested in the context of Mount Hamiding Protection Forest. Therefore, this research aimed to assess the social capital in community forest management in the Mount Hamiding Protection Forest. The quantitative survey was conducted in six villages in North Halmahera District, namely Wangongira, Efi-Efi, Mamuya, Togawa, Soakonora, and Roko. The elements of social capital assessed were trust, social norms, and social networks. The results showed that the level of community trust in the study area's six villages is in the medium category. However, the trust in the internal community is high, and trust in external stakeholders is medium. The communities in the six villages have overall high social norms. The social networks are high in Togawa, Soakonora, and Roko Villages, while the remaining villages have social networks in the medium category. Generally, the community around the Mount Hamiding Protection Forest area has a moderate social capital category due to a lack of participation and trust in written rules and government institutions. Therefore, the Forest Management Unit of North Halmahera District should strengthen the community's social capital to increase knowledge and understanding of written rules, trust in institutions, and network development through organization and participation.
The fate of mangrove ecosystem sustainability on the shrimp cultivation area in Tulang Bawang District, Lampung, Indonesia SAMSUL BAKRI; FERLI HARTATI; HARI KASKOYO; INDRA GUMAY FEBRYANO; BAINAH SARI DEWI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240145

Abstract

The exploitation of mangrove forests for economic purposes is rampant in tropical countries nowadays, particularly for shrimp farming, such as in the Lampung green belt in the front of the Java Sea. So, ensuring the sustainability of existing mangroves is the need of the hour. In view of above, this study aims to analyze the sustainability index of mangrove ecosystem management and the sustainability status of the mangrove ecosystem from the ecological, economic, social, and institutional dimensions using the Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) method through the Rapid Appraisal for Fisheries (RAPFISH) approach in East Rawajitu Sub-district, Tulang Bawang District, Lampung Province, Indonesia. The analysis revealed that mangrove ecosystem management’s sustainability index was categorized as ‘less sustainable’ (index 43.01 out of 100). Meanwhile, the social dimension (51.65) was categorized as ‘quite sustainable’, and other dimensions (ecological, economic, and institutional) were ‘less sustainable.’ Therefore, it is proposed that further development of the social dimension is a strategic way to develop the other three sustainability dimensions to achieve ecosystem sustainability as a whole in the study area. Alternative strategies that can be applied for sustainable management of mangrove ecosystems in East Rawajitu Sub-district, Tulang Bawang District are increasing coordination between stakeholders, creating formal regulations, increasing the productivity and creativity of Ikatan Istri-istri Petambak Dipasena (ISTANA), formulating an integrated mangrove ecosystem management plan program, undertaking rehabilitation efforts, increasing the role of mangrove groups, and increase the attention of researchers.
Community structure and diversity of benthic macroinvertebrates as bioindicators of water quality in some waterfall ecosystems, Bawean Island, Indonesia Catur Retnaningdyah; Endang Arisoesilaningsih; Viky Vidayanti; Purnomo Purnomo; Satria Cahya Febriansyah
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240144

Abstract

Abstract. Retnaningdyah C, Arisoesilaningsih E, Vidayanti V, Purnomo, Febriansyah SC. 2023. Community structure and diversity of benthic macroinvertebrates as bioindicators of water quality in some waterfall ecosystems, Bawean Island, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 370-378. Bawean Island is a small island with a fairly dense population, so the need for water resources is quite high. On Bawean Island, several waterfalls have been found that have a hydrological function capable of supplying water continuously for drinking water, raw materials, agricultural irrigation functions and other daily activities that are very important for the people of Bawean Island. However, the quality of the waterfall ecosystem on Bawean Island has never been studied. This study aims to evaluate the water quality of some waterfall ecosystems on Bawean Island using the community structure and diversity of benthic macroinvertebrates as a complement to water physicochemical monitoring. This study used the Ex Post Facto method. The research was conducted at 6 waterfalls found on Bawean Island. The physicochemical quality of the water observed included air temperature, water temperature, pH, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), conductivity, Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), nitrate, and Total Phosphate (TP). The quality of the benthic macroinvertebrate that had been monitored included Importance Value Index (IVI), taxa richness, total density, Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index (H’), and an ecological index, namely the Family Biotic Index (FBI). The monitoring data then be used to analyze the interaction between water quality profiles and macroinvertebrates profiles by conducting Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Based on the results obtained, the water quality in the Bawean Island waterfall, according to the FBI index categorized as Good-Excellent. According to Indonesian government regulation (PP. No. 22 of 2021), some parameters of water quality in Putri and Suwari waterfall were classified as class 2, which can be used for water tourism infrastructure, fish farming also agriculture and the others are categorized as class 3 which is only used for fish farming and agriculture. To maintain good water quality, the waterfall manager needs to control human activities around the waterfall’s ecosystem.
The role of coffee agroforestry on available water capacity and root length density in smallholder plantation AFIFATUL KHOIRUNNISAK; SUGENG PRIJONO; KURNIAWAN SIGIT WICAKSONO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240108

Abstract

Abstract. Khoirunnisak A, Prijono S, Wicaksono KS. 2023. The role of coffee agroforestry on available water capacity and root length density in smallholder plantation. Biodiversitas 24: 55-61. The application of coffee agroforestry has several advantages, such as increasing the cycle of nutrients and soil organic matter as well as improving soil physical properties. However, there is still an information gap related to the interaction between coffee plants and shade plant roots. This study aimed to evaluate coffee agroforestry on available water capacity (AWC) and root length density (RLD). The research was carried out at the smallholder coffee plantation in Dampit District in four shade types (coffee-open, shaded with Musa sp., shaded with Gliricidia sp., and shaded with L. leucochepala). Soil and root samples were taken at three depths (0-20 cm, 20-40 cm, and 40-60 cm) and at two distances (near the coffee stems and between the coffee shade). The variables observed were AWC, RLD, soil organic C, soil aggregate stability, and soil penetration resistance. The result was coffee plants with shade trees increased AWC value and root density compared to coffee-open. The type of shade significantly affected RLD, where shaded with Gliricidia sp., and shaded with L. leucochepala were better than coffee-open. This indicates that there was no root competition between coffee plants and shade trees. However, shaded with Musa sp. had lower RLD than coffee-open. Soil depth had a significant effect on the AWC value and root length density of coffee plants, where the most AWC values ??and coffee root distribution were higher at a depth of 0-20 cm.
Isolation and characterization of endophytic bacteria from sterile leaf of Acrostichum aureum from Bengkalis Island (Riau, Indonesia) and its potency for antidiabetic TETTY MARTA LINDA; BERNADETA LENI FEBRIARTI; DELITA ZUL; NERY SOFYANTI; AZIZUL BERLIANSYAH; NOVIZA DELFIRA; SILVERA DEVI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240330

Abstract

Abstract. Linda TM, Febriarti BL, Zul D, Sofyanti N, Berlyansah A, Delfira N, Devi S. 2023. Isolation and characterization of endophytic bacteria from sterile leaf of Acrostichum aureum from Bengkalis Island (Riau, Indonesia) and its potency for antidiabetic. Biodiversitas 24: 1580-1588. Endophytic bacteria are found in symbiotic plant tissues. These bacteria pose potential sources for the natural product due to their health benefit, e.g., for antidiabetic activity. The present study aimed to isolate and characterize endophytic bacteria isolates from the sterile leaf of sea fern (Acrostichum aureum Linn.) from Bengkalis Island (Riau Province), Indonesia. Furthermore, to investigate their potency as an antidiabetic agent. The characteristics of isolates bacteria were described based on colony morphology and biochemical tests. A total of six endophytic bacteria were isolated from the sterile leaf of Acrostichum aureum. Their characteristics vary in shape, color, and size. The phytochemical screening indicated the presence of alkaloids and saponin in all the isolates. The results exhibited that the extract of the sterile leaf of A. aureum also gave a similar phytochemical compound of isolate endophytic bacteria. The dendrogram constructed from morphological and biochemical characteristics showed the separation of D.SB 4.2 from other six bacteria strains due to the positive antibacterial activity for Escherichia coli ATCC35218, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC29213, Salmonella typhi ATCC14028, and Bacillus subtilis ATCC11774. Out of six isolates, only isolate D.SB 5.2 was selected for the antidiabetic test. The isolates showed positive results on the activity as a-amylase inhibitor (18.12%). This study provides important information on endophytic bacteria isolates on A. aureum and their potency for antidiabetic agents.
Molecular identification of mother trees of four matoa cultivars (Pometia pinnata Forst & Forst) from Pekanbaru City, Indonesia using RAPD markers ZULFAHMI ZULFAHMI; SUCI AMALIA PERTIWI; ROSMAINA ROSMAINA; RITA ELFIANIS; ZIYAYEVA GULNAR; TULEUBAYEV ZHAXYBAY; MOMBAYEVA BEKZAT; GULSHAT ZHAPARKULOVA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240323

Abstract

Abstract. Zulfahmi, Pertiwi SA, Rosmaina, Elfianis R, Gulnar Z, Zhaxybay T, Bekzat M, Zhaparkulova G. 2023. Molecular identification of mother trees of four matoa cultivars (Pometia pinnata Forst & Forst) from Pekanbaru City, Indonesia using RAPD markers. Biodiversitas 24: 1524-1530. Pekanbaru city has four matoa (Pometia pinnata Forst & Forst) cultivars, i.e. red matoa, yellow matoa, green matoa, and black matoa, but the knowledge of the genetic variation among matoa cultivars is not available. The objective of this study was to assess the genetic variation among matoa cultivars using Random amplified polymorphism DNA (RAPD) markers and to identify the specific marker to distinguish among matoa cultivars. Eighteen primers were initially screened and four matoa cultivars were analyzed with twelve primers using the RAPD marker. The results of this study found that the twelve selected RAPD primers generated 39 fragments, with fragment sizes ranging from 200 to 1500 bp. The percentage of fragment polymorphic was 80.41%, indicating the high genetic variation of the matoa cultivar. The high genetic variation of matoa in this study is caused by cross-pollinated among matoa cultivars in the field. Eleven primers can differentiate four matoa cultivars with specific bands. The obtaining unique bands can be utilized by breeders and farmers as a basis to select the parents for the genetic improvement of Matoa, cultivars or clones protection, detection of seedling purity in a nursery, and to verify the originality of the seedlings that will be cultivated.
Sperm osteopontin mRNA expression levels and its correlation on semen quality and fertility in Madura bulls Zulfi Nur Amrina Rosyada; Vincentia Trisna Yoelinda; Ekayanti Mulyawati Kaiin; Muhammad Gunawan; Mokhamad Fakhrul Ulum; Ligaya I.T.A Tumbelaka; Dedy Duryadi Solihin; Muhammad Agil; Asep Gunawan; Bambang Purwantara
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240165

Abstract

Abstract. Rosyada ZNA, Yoelinda VT, Kaiin EM, Gunawan M, Ulum MF, Tumbelaka LITA, Solihin DD, Agil M, Gunawan A, Purwantara B. 2023. Sperm osteopontin mRNA expression levels and its correlation on semen quality and fertility in Madura bulls. Biodiversitas 24: 563-570. Osteopontin (OPN) gene transcripts influence spermatogenesis and germ cell development. Therefore, transcriptome analysis is needed to identify the fertility factor OPN in Madura bull sperm. Madura cattle are crosses originating from Bos indicus (zebu) and Bos javanicus (banteng). This study aims to examine sperm osteopontin (OPN) mRNA expression levels and its correlation with semen quality and fertility in Madura bulls. Frozen semen samples from Madura bulls were categorized as high-fertile (n: 4, average field conception rate: 78.28±3.25%) or sub-fertile (n: 4, average field conception rate: 66.73±5.01%). In post-thaw semen samples, sperm motility, viability, membrane, acrosome, and DNA fragmentation index were evaluated. OPN expression in sperm total RNA was analyzed using Real-Time Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR). The data analysis between the two fertility groups was assessed with Student's t-test and Pearson Square. Receiver-operating characteristic analysis and diagnostic sensitivity and specificity calculations were performed. Sperm motility, acrosome intact, and DFI differ (p<0.05) between groups, whereas viability and membrane plasma intact have no significance (p>0.05). In high-fertile Madura bulls, OPN mRNA was upregulated (p<0.05). The OPN mRNA expression had a strong correlation with the field conception rate (R: 0.807, P<0.05), sperm motility, and intact acrosome (R: 0.899, p<0.01; R: 0.804, p<0.05) respectively. In contrast, OPN negatively correlated with sperm DFI (R: -0.764, p<0.05). The OPN predicted bull fertility with 81.3% accuracy, 75% sensitivity, and 75% specificity. Thus, OPN may serve as a potential biomarker of Madura bull fertility.
Detection of homozygous wildtype V1016V using allele-specific polymerase chain reaction in Aedes albopictus Ahmad Rudi Setiawan; Syananda Zahra Fadila; Teguh Hari Sucipto; Shifa Fauziyah; Safira Madaniyah; Eryantika Cipta Dewi; Sin War Naw; Tukiran Tukiran; Sari Edi Cahyaningrum
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240109

Abstract

Abstract. Setiawan AR, Fadila SZ, Sucipto TH, Fauziyah S, Madaniyah S, Dewi EC, Naw SW, Tukiran, Cahyaningrum SE. 2023. Detection of homozygous wildtype V1016V using allele-specific polymerase chain reaction in Aedes albopictus. Biodiversitas 24: 62-67. Aedes sp. is a carrier of several viruses that can infect humans and cause diseases such as zika, yellow fever, chikungunya, and dengue fever. Symptoms of dengue infection vary, consisting of classic dengue fever (DD), dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), and dengue shock syndrome. Insecticide spray can be used to manage Aedes mosquitoes chemically. Insecticide substances target nervous system proteins. Voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSC) are rendered inactive by pyrethroid binding. Knockdown is a signal indicating an insect has been knocked down in response to a specific insecticide. However, using insecticides for a long time can cause mosquitoes to become resistant. The pesticide resistance of mosquitoes is known as knockdown resistance (kdr). This study aims to detect kdr mutations (V1016G) in two male Aedes albopictusmosquitos named A1 and A2 collected from settlements in Kranggan, Sawahan, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia, using allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (AS-PCR) assay. RNA was extracted from the two mosquito samples using an RNA extraction kit. After that, the extracted RNA was tested for kdr mutations using the AS-PCR method. After assaying, both samples are homozygous wildtype (V1016V) because the results showed bands appearing from samples A1 and A2 at 60 bp. On the other hand, this study has the potential to serve as preliminary monitoring for the program controlling vectors.
Short Communication: Analysis of rhizome color and phytochemical content of 10 accessions of Curcuma zanthorrhiza Roxb. in Jambi, Indonesia MINARNI MINARNI; RAYANDRA ASYHAR; DARA JULIANA; YOSHUA SHANDY YUDHA; WARAS NURCHOLIS
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240119

Abstract

Abstract. Minarni M, Asyhar R, Juliana D, Yudha YS, Nurcholis W. 2023. Short Communication: Analysis of rhizome color and phytochemical content of 10 accessions of Curcuma zanthorrhiza Roxb. in Jambi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 149-155. Plants are a source of secondary metabolites that have various biological functions and are beneficial for humans, particularly in the health sector. One such beneficial herbal plant, temulawak (Curcuma zanthorrhiza Roxb.), a member of the genus Curcuma L. in the Zingiberaceae family, is widely known as Javanese turmeric. C. zanthorrhiza is a potential source of drugs in the field of pharmacology. One part of temulawak that has an important role is the rhizome, commonly used in the formulation of traditional herbal medicines. There are many pharmacologically active components contained in the C. zanthorrhiza rhizome. Thus, this plant, found in many parts of Indonesia, such as Jambi and Sumatra, is worthy of detailed pharmacological investigation. The study reported in this paper aimed to determine the potential content of secondary metabolites of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins/phenolics, and triterpenoids/steroids in 10 accessions of temulawak rhizomes in Jambi. The phytochemical content analysis in temulawak was carried out by qualitative phytochemical screening using dye reagents. Multivariate cluster analysis was carried out to determine the relationships between the 10 accessions based on similarities in the color and phytochemical content of their rhizomes. Generally, the screening results showed that the rhizomes of the 10 C. zanthorrhiza accessions contained the same intensities of alkaloids (dragendof, mayer and wagner), flavonoids, tannins/phenolics (+++) and steroid compounds (++). On the other hand, saponin and triterpenoid were not detected in the tests of rhizomes of the 10 accessions (-). The clustering analysis of the results divided the 10 local temulawak accessions into three clusters. Cluster-1 consisted of two accessions (JM and JBB), cluster-2 consisted of three accessions (JT, JPB, and JBS), and cluster-3 consisted of five accessions (JSS, JJ, JB, JBE, and JG).
Detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and multidrug resistance isolated from cats in animal clinic at Sidoarjo District, East Java, Indonesia YUSAC KRISTANTO KHODA WARUWU; ASWIN RAFIF KHAIRULLAH; MUSTOFA HELMI EFFENDI; BAMBANG SEKTIARI LUKISWANTO; DANIAH ASHRI AFNANI; SHENDY CANADYA KURNIAWAN; OTTO SAHAT MARTUA SILAEN; KATTY HENDRIANA PRISCILIA RiwuRIWU; AGUS WIDODO; SANCAKA CHASYER RAMANDINIANTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240114

Abstract

Abstract. Waruwu YKK, Khairullah AR, Effendi MH, Lukiswanto BS, Afnani DA, Kurniawan SC, Silaen OSM, Riwu KHP, Widodo A, Ramandinianto SC. 2023. Detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and multidrug resistance isolated from cats in animal clinic at Sidoarjo District, East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 106-111. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is the name given to the strain of bacteria that is multidrug-resistant (MDR) and resistant to ?-lactam antibiotics. Comparatively to other livestock, companion animals have been highlighted more often as potential MRSA reservoirs. This study looked for MDR and cat-derived MRSA strains in Sidoarjo. One hundred cats with nasal swabs were accessed, along with the veterinary hospital and other clinics. Samples were collected using a sterile cotton swab and buffered peptone water as the transport medium, and then identified using a microbiological standard operating procedure. On five different antibiotic discs, the Kirby-Bauer diffusion method was used to determine the S. aureus antibiotic resistance profile. As a confirmatory test for MRSA, S. aureus isolates that were resistant to cefoxitin continued to grow on Oxacillin Resistance Screening Agar Base (ORSAB). Out of the seven MRSA isolates that were assumed to be MRSA, four of the seven MRSA isolates were confirmed to be MDR S. aureus. Humans and companion animals can both act as reservoirs for the recirculation of MRSA strains within the same household because cat nasal swabs resemble nosocomial MRSA and because both are more likely to get colonized than infected. It illustrated how cats might be a health risk to the public and acted as a cautionary tale about the inappropriate use of antibiotics.

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