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Gambaran Umum Kajian Profil Hormon Steroid Menggunakan Metode Non-Invasif dari Sampel Feses Nugraha, R. Taufiq Purna; Purwantara, Bambang; Supriatna, Iman; Agil, Muhammad; Semiadi, Gono
ZOO INDONESIA Vol 25, No 1 (2016): Juli 2016
Publisher : Masyarakat Zoologi Indonesia

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Abstract

Kajian terhadap profil hormon-hormon steroid merupakan kunci penting dalam upaya memahami aspek fisiologis satwa. Beberapa dekade terakhir telah dikembangkan metode alternatif untuk mengetahui profil hormon steroid, yaitu melalui pengukuran metabolit hormon steroid yang diekskresikan melalui ekskreta tubuh seperti feses. Metode tersebut dikenal sebagai metode non-invasif. Metode ini memungkinkan pengumpulan sampel secara terus menerus dalam jangka panjang dengan meminimalisasi gangguan terutama pada satwa liar. Kajian terhadap profil metabolit hormon steroid yang terukur dapat diaplikasikan antara lain untuk mengetahui status reproduksi, penentuan jenis kelamin, studi perilaku hingga monitoring tingkat stres satwa. Berbagai kajian dengan memanfaatkan metabolit hormon steroid telah berhasil diaplikasikan pada berbagai taksa vertebrata. Tulisan ini memberikan gambaran terkini mengenai aplikasi metode non-invasif untuk kajian profil metabolit hormon steroid dari sampel feses.
Assessment of Fertility Status in the Male Sumatran Rhino at the Sumateran Rhino Sanctuary, Way Kambas National Park, Lampung MUHAMMAD AGIL; IMAN SUPRIATNA; BAMBANG PURWANTARA; DEDI CANDRA
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 15 No. 1 (2008): March 2008
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (126.983 KB) | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.15.1.39

Abstract

Sumatran rhino is the most endangered rhino species. Its population is estimated less than 300 individuals remaining in the wild with highly declining rate to 50% in the last 15 years. The number of male rhinoceroses in the captivity are very few, therefore the assessment of its fertility is very important in order to support the breeding success since the captive breeding success is very poor. The objectives of this study were (i) to determine the male reproductive status, (ii) to establish a reliable semen collection method, and (iii) to assess semen parameters of the fresh collected sample. Three methods of semen collection were examined to determine its fertilizing potential, i.e. (i) stimulated combination of artificial vagina (AV), penile massage (PM) and accessory gland massage (AGM); (ii) AV and PM; and (iii) only with PM. The first method gave the best result with an ejaculation success of 85.71% (6/7, n = 7). The second and third methods obtained an ejaculation success rate of 50% (2/4, n = 4)) and 25% (1/4, n = 4), respectively. The collected ejaculates had a volume of 1.2-12.4 ml with whitish to cream turbid colour and pH 6.90-6.99. Sperm concentration was (143-333) x 103 sperm/ml. The quality of the sperm was low with only approximately 1% of them moved forward slowly. Approximately 80% of the spermatozoa were immature (prox. cytoplasmic droplet) with head (macro-, microcephalic) and tail abnormalities (broken tail). Semen quality increased after several collections and the amount of immature sperm decreased up to 5%. Electroejaculation procedure could produce 34 ml semen, but no sperm was found in the ejaculate. Hence, the combination of AV, PM, and AGM could get higher volume of ejaculate compared to other methods, but sperm concentration was better obtained using AV and PM only. Repeated semen collection increased semen quality, although the male has low fertilizing capacity due to low sperm concentration (oligozoospermia) and small volume of the ejaculate (oligospermia). Key words: Sumatran rhino, semen, sperms, collection
Identification of Follower Status Based on Male Proximity Score in Crested Macaque Andre Pasetha; Lisa Michelle Danish; Dyah Perwitasari-Farajallah; Muhammad Agil; Antje Engelhardt
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 27 No. 3 (2020): July 2020
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.27.3.241

Abstract

Crested macaque live in multimale-multifemale social groups where temporary association (consortship) typically occurs. Current theory and these limited qualitative observations suggest the hypothesis that behavior functions as a means for males to gain access to fertile females. The aim of this study was to investigate follower status based on quantitative method. Males were classified as either “consort males,” “followers,” and “non-followers” based on proximity maintanance every 15 minute uses scan sampling. Tactics used by followers were classified into 1) individual challenge, 2) coalitionary challenge, 3) abandoned takeover, and 4) opportunistic takeover. The proportion of successful takeovers by followers was calculated by dividing the number of takeovers by followers by the total number of observed takeovers. The proportion of followers is higher than average on D-5 and earlier, D-4, and D-3. Only two of the four consort takeover tactics were used by followers. For abandoned which made up 40% and for individual tactic was made up to 11.5% of consort takeovers tactic used. This study contribute to our understanding of alternative mating strategy in primate and provide the first quantitative data demonstrating that following is an alternative mating strategy in crested macaque (Macaca nigra).
Morfologi Kelenjar Aksesori Kelamin Muncak (Muntiacus muntjak muntjak) Jantan Sri Wahyuni; Lidya Elizabeth M. Manik; Srihadi Agungpriyono; Muhammad Agil; Tuty Laswardi Yusuf; . Hamny; I Ketut Mudite Adnyane
Acta VETERINARIA Indonesiana Vol. 1 No. 2 (2013): Juli 2013
Publisher : IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (10818.482 KB) | DOI: 10.29244/avi.1.2.80-90

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari morfologi kelenjar aksesori muncak jantan secara makroanatomi dan mikroanatomi. Seekor muncak jantan dewasa berumur 4-5 tahun dengan bobot badan 19 kg digunakan pada penelitian ini. Muncak terlebih dahulu di-exanguinasi untuk dikoleksi kelenjar aksesori kelaminnya. Untuk memperoleh gambaran mikroanatomi, sampel kelenjar aksesori diproses dengan teknik histologi dan diwarnai dengan pewarnaan hematoksilin-eosin (HE). Hasil pengamatan makroskopis menunjukkan bahwa kelenjar aksesori muncak jantan terdiri atas ampula, duktus deferens, kelenjar prostat, kelenjar vesikularis, dan kelenjar bulbouretralis. Karakteristik histologi kelenjar aksesori muncak adalah ditemukannya kelenjar prostat yang berbentuk pars diseminata dengan kelenjar-kelenjar sekretori tersebar di sekeliling lumen uretra pars pelvina dimana secara makroskopis kelenjar tersebut tidak dapat diamati. Tipe kelenjar sekresi pada ampula, kelenjar vesikularis, dan pars diseminata prostat adalah tubuloalveolar, sedangkan pada kelenjar bulbouretralis tipe tubular. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa morfologi kelenjar aksesori muncak jantan memperlihatkan kemiripan dengan kelenjar aksesori pada ruminansia kecil lainnya seperti kambing, domba, reeves muntjak, dan pampas deer.
Deteksi Kebuntingan Dini pada Sapi Perah dengan Pemeriksaan Ultrasnography (USG) dan Analisis Hormon Steroid Dilla frastantie; Muhammad Agil; Ligaya ITA Tumbelaka
Acta VETERINARIA Indonesiana Vol. 7 No. 2 (2019): Juli 2019
Publisher : IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (16752.413 KB) | DOI: 10.29244/avi.7.2.9-16

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas metode deteksi kebuntingan dini menggunakan ultrasonography (USG) dan pemeriksaan steroid (progesteron dan estrogen) pada sapi. Sebanyak sepuluh ekor sapi diperiksa di peternakan sapi perah Kawasan Usaha Peternakan Cibungbulang, Bogor. Lima ekor dideteksi bunting dini dan lima ekor tidak bunting. Pengambilan plasma darah dilakukan empat hari sekali dimulai dari 40 hari sebelum pelaksaan IB sampai 30 hari untuk sapi tidak bunting hingga hari ke-60 bila sapi bunting. Pemeriksaan dengan USG dilakukan menggunakan probe 5 MHz dimulai sejak hari ke-9 pasca IB bersamaan dengan pengambilan sampel darah. Hasil USG menunjukkan keberadaan konseptual vesikel pada hari ke-15 setelah IB dengan diameter 0,44 cm. Embrio dapat dideteksi mulai hari ke-26 dengan ukuran 2,6 cm. Konsentrasi progesteron pada saat IB (baseline) adalah 6-8 ng/ml dan meningkat menjadi 30-50 ng/ml pada hari ke-15 pasca IB. Konsentrasi progesteron terus bertahan tinggi sejak hari ke-15 sampai hari ke-60 pasca IB. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan USG dapat mendeteksi kebuntingan lebih dini dibandingkan dengan pemeriksaan hormonal.
Validasi Analitik Kit ELISA Komersial untuk Mengukur Metabolit Estrogen dan Progesteron pada Feses Tarsius (Tarsius spectrum) Nanik Hidayatik; Tuty Laswardy Yusuf; Muhammad Agil; Entang Iskandar; Dondin Sajuthi
Acta VETERINARIA Indonesiana Vol. 6 No. 1 (2018): Januari 2018
Publisher : IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (401.547 KB) | DOI: 10.29244/avi.6.1.1-7

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Penentuan status reproduksi pada satwa liar atau satwa yang ditangkarkan merupakan faktor yang sangat penting dalam manajemen pengembangbiakan satwa. Evaluasi metabolit hormon estrogen dan progesteron secara non-invasive dari sampel feses untuk memonitor fungsi reproduksi telah dilakukan sejak lama pada beberapa spesies mamalia. Validasi asai pada Tarsius belum pernah dilaporkan sehingga validasi asai merupakan hal yang sangat penting sebelum digunakan dalam studi karena metabolit steroid bersifat spesifik spesies. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melakukan validasi analitik kit enzyme linked immunoassay (ELISA) komersial untuk menganalisis metabolit hormon estrogen dan progesteron pada feses T. spectrum. Uji paralelisme dilakukan pada asai DRG® estradiol (E2), estron (E1), dan progesteron (P4) dengan pengenceran bertingkat (1:2–1:128) ekstrak feses dari beberapa status reproduksi yang berbeda  pada Tarsius yang dibandingkan dengan kurva standar dari masing-masing asai.  Hasil uji paralelisme terhadap kit DRG® estron menunjukkan hasil yang tidak paralel. Dari uji paralelisme DRG® estradiol dan progesteron, didapatkan hasil kurva sampel dengan standar yang tidak konsisten. Hanya ditemukan satu dari lima kurva sampel yang diuji yang paralel dengan kurva standar asai DRG® estrogen dan progesteron. Berdasarkan hasil tes paralelisme tersebut, kit komersial ELISA DRG® estron, estradiol, dan progesteron tidak dapat digunakan untuk mengukur metabolit  estrogen dan progesteron pada feses T. spectrum.
Karakteristik Sitologi Vagina Selama Siklus Estrus dan Gejala Klinis Estrus pada Banteng (Bos javanicus d’Alton 1823) Dedi Rahmat Setiadi; Muhammad Agil; R Iis Arifiantini; Dondin Sajuthi; Jansen Manansang; Yohana Tri Hastuti; Setyaningsih Rambu Liwa
Acta VETERINARIA Indonesiana Vol. 8 No. 3 (2020): November 2020
Publisher : IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/avi.8.3.40-47

Abstract

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mempelajari karakteristik gambaran sel-sel ephitelial vagina dan gejala klinis estrus pada banteng. Sebanyak 2 ekor banteng betina yang sehat, sudah dewasa kelamin dan pernah beranak diobservasi secara klinis selama siklus estrus normal dan dilakukan pengambilan sampel ulas vagina. Observasi gejala klinis estrus dan ulas vagina dilakukan tiga kali dalam seminggu dan 5 hari berturut-turut menjelang sampai sesudah estrus. Pemeriksaan fisik ini terdiri atas pemeriksaan simptomatis dengan melihat gejala-gejala yang timbul dari luar seperti gelisah, adanya kebengkakkan, kemerahan, kebasahan pada vulva, naik menaiki, melenguh (meskipun pakan cukup tersedia), keluar lendir jernih transparan. Tingkah laku ketika banteng sedang estrus memperlihatkan perilaku saling naik menaiki sesama banteng dan diam ketika dinaiki, sedangkan tanda klinis lainnya seperti kemerahan, kebengkakan, dan lendir serviks tidak terlihat dengan jelas. Sel-sel ephitel yang diperoleh adalah parabasal, intermediet, superfisial dan kornifikasi. Sel superfisial mendominasi (50,20%) pada saat estrus diikuti sel kornifikasi (38,51%), sel intermediet (26,82%) dan sel parabasal 13,44% selama 3 siklus estrus. Hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa naik-menaiki sesama banteng pada saat estrus merupakan tanda klinis yang paling jelas terlihat dan teknik sitologi vagina dapat digunakan dalam penentuan siklus estrus banteng.
FA-3 Production Trait of Crossbreed Cattle and Reproductive Disorders in Brahman Cross (BX) Breeding Program at PT Lembu Jantan Perkasa Berlin Pandapotan Pardede; Bakti Tamba; Sutrisnak Sutrisnak; I Ketut Karya Wisana; Harianto Budi Rahardjo; Muhammad Agil; Tuty L Yusuf
Hemera Zoa Proceedings of the 20th FAVA & the 15th KIVNAS PDHI 2018
Publisher : Hemera Zoa

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Abstract

The feedlot industry in Indonesia has developed very rapidly, along with the increase in meat consumption. Brahman Cross (BX) is an imported beef cattle from Australia which is widely used by feedloters as broodstock. Feedloter chooses BX cattle because besides the price is quite cheap, this breed also has a very good growth factor [1].In order to support the self-sufficient of beef meat, feedloters who imported BX from Australia have to conduct breeding program as part of the Ministry of Agriculture decree no. 02/PERMENTAN/PK.440/2/2017 related to the import of ruminants into Indonesia. BX Cattle is often crossed with other breeds through artificial insemination programs, in order to provide calving ease and to produce high-weight cattle.Beside the target to produce good body weight and average daily gain (ADG) of the calf from crossbreeding, the feedloters have also to manage the breeding efficiently by taking care of the reproductive disorder that might be affected the production.  Good reproductive efficiency will have a positive impact on increasing livestock production [2]. In various breeding programs, there are many factors that can affect the reproductive efficiency of cattle, such as reproductive disorders. Reproductive disorders can be a major economic problem in a farm. These reproductive health problems can be the bottleneck in the production process and productivity in the livestock sector [3].Therefore, this study will discuss the production performance in various cross-breed cattle and reproductive disorders in a feedlot breeding program.
FA-4 Assessment of Estrous Cycle Using Ultrasound to Determine Time of Insemination In Banteng (Bos javanicus, d’Alton 1823) Dedi Rahmat Setiadi; Muhammad Agil; Iis Afriantini; Tuty L Yusuf; Muchidin Noordin; Yohana Tri Hastuti; Setyaningsih Rambu Liwa; Jansen Manansang; Dondin Sajuthi
Hemera Zoa Proceedings of the 20th FAVA & the 15th KIVNAS PDHI 2018
Publisher : Hemera Zoa

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Abstract

Banteng is considered as endangered species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Banteng is currently distributed in Java, in Kalimantan [Indonesian Borneo], Sabah [part of Malaysian Borneo], Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia and, probably Lao PDR and Vietnam (1). The populations in the Asian mainland have decreased by about 80% in the last decades. The total number of wild banteng is estimated to about 5,000-8,000 animals. No population has more than 500 animals, only a few have more than 50. Reasons for the population decline are reduction of habitat, poaching, hybridisation with domesticated cattle, and infections with cattle diseases (4).Since the wild population has been declining continously and the numbers of individual are getting smaller, therefore captive breeding is urgently needed in order to support the conservation of Banteng sustainably. Although breeding program of Banteng is important, but information about the reproductive biology of Banteng is very limited. Breeding programs in Banteng can be done by natural mating or using assisted reproductive technology such as artificial insemination (AI). The aplication of AI in Banteng can support Banteng conservation program in order to increase heterozygosity, prevent inbreeding and possible to use of the Banteng bulls from different facilities for AI of females in all breeding facilities of Banteng.AI applications require information on the estrous cycle and estrous signs to determine the precise AI time. Clinical signs of estrous in Banteng is difficult to observe, therefore determining the time of AI must be done through rectal palpation and ultrasonography. The objectives of  this research is to assess estrous cycle to determine time of insemination.
FA-5 Semen Characteristics of Banteng (Bos javanicus) Collected by Electroejaculation Method Vincentia Trisna Yoelinda; Iis Afriantini; Muhammad Agil; Dedi R Setiadi; Tuty L Yusuf; Yohana Tri Hastuti; Jansen Manansang; Dondin Sajuthi
Hemera Zoa Proceedings of the 20th FAVA & the 15th KIVNAS PDHI 2018
Publisher : Hemera Zoa

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Abstract

Banteng (Bos javanicus) is listed as endangered species in IUCN Redlist. Only few thousand wild banteng survive and their numbers are decreasing as a result of hunting and the loss of habitat due to deforestation and conversion to agricultural land. One of the conservation measures is to preserve this species in ex-situ breeding center. The breeding centre with the largest number of individuals is Ragunan Zoo in Jakarta, with 21 animals. Despite those numbers of individuals available, the sex ratio was far from ideal at 16 males and five females. While in Taman Safari Prigen, there were with 16 individuals and a sex ratio of five males and 11 females [1] Since number of males are usually less than females, and also to avoid inbreeding in order to keep high heterozygosity population, therefore, assisted reproductive technology such as artificial insemination is considered to be necessary.For artificial insemination, semen collection sufficient quantitiy and quality of semen from males are needed. Thus, best semen collection method should be considered. Though transrectal massage procedure does not require the male to be anesthetized  prior to semen collection, semen collected by this technique contains urine contamination. Besides, volume of semen sample obtained by transrectal massage is lesser compared to electroejaculation. Electroejaculation is also suitable for wild animal because in this particular semen collection procedure, males are not required to be trained.The information about semen characteristics of banteng bulls collected by electroejaculation is less known. To date, study done by Johnston et al. (2002) is the only available data. That study only provided data from one semen sample from one 4-year-old banteng bull located at Western Plains Zoo [2]. Moreover such volume parameter and consistency was not reported from that study. Thus, this study is aimed to provide more reliable data from larger number of semen samples  collected by electroejaculation and to add information to previous data that are availabe.
Co-Authors A Amrozi Abdul Samik Adji, Vita Adonia Afiff , Usamah Ahmada, Milla Alwi, Alwi Shobri Amala, Karisma Wahyu Amarudin, Amin Awal Amrozi Amrozi, A Andre Pasetha Anriansyah Renggaman Antje Engelhardt Antje Engelhardt Antje Engelhardt Antje Engelhardt, Antje Asmawan, Yudhi Ferdi Andri Asri Pudjirahaju Bakti Tamba Bambang Purwantara Berlin Pandapotan Pardede Borman, Mohammad Riski Cece Sumantri Dandan Haryono Dea Indriani Astuti DEDI CANDRA Dedi Rahmat Setiadi Desy Desy, Desy Dilla frastantie Dondin Sajuthi DYAH PERWITASARI -FARAJALLAH Entang Iskandar Fathoni Ahmadi, R. Nur Fathur Rahman Fitriani, Lia Gholib Gholib Gholib Gholib, Gholib Gono Semiadi GONO SEMIADI Hamidudin, Ahmad Yahya Hamny Sofyan Harianto Budi Rahardjo Heistermann, Michael Hermansyah, Endang HUSNUL KHOTIMAH I Ketut Karya Wisana Idawati Nasution Iis Afriantini Iman Supriatna Intam Kurnia Islachiyana, Rifda Jansen Manansang Jansen Manansang Juli Melia Juli Melia Juli Melia Ketut Adnyane Mudite koekoeh santoso La Ode Muhammad Aswad Salam Lidya Elizabeth M. Manik Lisa Michelle Danish M Agus Setiadi Mahmudi Mahmudi Marniati Kadir Michael Heistermann Mikke Susanto Minarti, Melisa Muchidin Noordin Muhammad Fathoni, Muhammad Muhammad Jalaluddin Muhammad Subhan Muhammad Syawal Muhammad Syawal Muslim Akmal Mustainah Mappatoba Nanik Hidayatik Ni Wayan Kurniani Karja Nisa, Hairun Nisa Pardede, Berlin Pandapotan Putra, Saiful Aminudin Al Kusuma R. Iis Arifiantini R. Taufiq Purna Nugraha R. Taufiq Purna Nugraha Ridzky Pratama Sartika Lina Mulani Setyaningsih Rambu Liwa Setyaningsih Rambu Liwa Sevy Tiara Ilham Sholikhah, Noviana Nur Sinta Maryam, Sinta Sri Wahyuni Sri Wahyuni Srihadi Agungpriyono Surya Agus Prihatno Sutrisnak Sutrisnak Tanaya, I Made Agus Tresna Taufiq P. Nugraha Teguh Sumarsono Tuty L Yusuf Tuty L Yusuf Tuty L Yusuf Tuty L. Yusuf TUTY LASWARDI YUSUF Tuty Laswardi Yusuf Tuty Laswardi Yusuf Tuty Laswardi Yusuf Tuty Laswardi Yusuf Tuty Laswardy Yusuf Vincentia Trisna Yoelinda Wahono Esthi Prasetyaningtyas Wahyuni, Sri Yohana Tri Hastuti Yohana Tri Hastuti Yosua Kristian Adi Zunaidi, Arif