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Jurnal Teknik Sipil
Published by Universitas Malikussaleh
ISSN : 20880561     EISSN : 25021680     DOI : https://doi.org/10.29103/tj.v16i2.1360
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Focus and Scope Teras Jurnal - Jurnal Teknik Sipil is a journal that communicates the results of research within the scope of civil engineering and scientific development as well as aspects of practitioners. The process of manuscript submission is open throughout the year. All submitted manuscript will be screened with double-blind peer review and editorial review before they are accepted to publish. Teras Jurnal receives a manuscript from the following area below civil engineering science and development with the interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary approach: Building Materials and Structures Constructions Technology Constructions Economy and Management Earthquake Engineering Environmental Engineering Renovation of Buildings Geotechnical Engineering Highway Engineering Hydraulic and Hydraulic Structures Road and Bridge Engineering Structural Engineering Surveying and Geo-Spatial Engineering Transportation Engineering Tunnel Engineering Urban Engineering and Economy Water Resources Engineering Urban Drainage
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Articles 441 Documents
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Studi Pengaruh Kedalaman Penetrasi dan Konsistensi Tanah Terhadap Kestabilan Dinding Sheet Pile Kantilever: sheet pile, rasio D/H, faktor keamanan, defleksi lateral, momen lentur. Ariel Krisar Abyasa; Julita Hayati
Teras Jurnal : Jurnal Teknik Sipil Vol. 16 No. 2 (2026): Teras Jurnal (September 2026)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS MALIKUSSALEH

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/tj.v16i2.1368

Abstract

Abstrak   Kinerja dinding sheet pile kantilever sangat dipengaruhi oleh konsistensi tanah. Studi ini mengevaluasi kinerja dinding sheet pile kantilever dengan memfokuskan analisis pada pengaruh rasio kedalaman penetrasi terhadap kedalaman galian (D/H) dan variasi konsistensi tanah. Menggunakan pemodelan numerik berbasis metode elemen hingga (FEM) dengan Hardening Soil Model, penelitian ini mensimulasikan respons struktur pada empat jenis tanah homogen, yaitu lempung lunak, lempung kaku, pasir lepas, dan pasir padat sedang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan rasio D/H meningkatkan nilai SF secara linear, sedangkan reduksi defleksi dan momen lentur bersifat nonlinier (hiperbolik). Secara kuantitatif, pada galian terdalam (H = 12 m), stiff clay menunjukkan stabilitas tertinggi dengan SF 1,024 sedangkan medium dense sand dengan SF 1,005. Temuan krusial menunjukkan bahwa soft clay hanya mampu menahan galian maksimum hingga 4 m (SF = 1,01), sementara loose sand mencapai batas kritis pada kedalaman 9 m. Analisis deformasi mengidentifikasi adanya zona sensitif, yaitu rentang rasio D/H di mana penambahan penetrasi memberikan reduksi defleksi paling signifikan. Zona ini berada pada rasio D/H 1,5–4,0 untuk tanah lempung kaku dan pasir, serta bergeser ke rasio yang lebih tinggi, yaitu 6,5–9,0, untuk lempung lunak. Penambahan penetrasi di luar rentang tersebut terbukti tidak efektif secara marginal dalam meningkatkan stabilitas karena dinding telah mencapai kondisi yang stabil. Pada tanah lempung lunak penggunaan perkuatan tambahan, seperti angkur, sangat direkomendasikan guna memitigasi risiko kegagalan basal heave.   Kata kunci: dinding sheet pile, rasio D/H, faktor keamanan, defleksi lateral, momen lentur.   Abstract The performance of cantilever sheet pile walls is significantly influenced by soil consistency. This study evaluates the performance of cantilever sheet pile walls, focusing the analysis on the effects of the penetration depth-to-excavation depth ratio (D/H) and variations in soil consistency. Utilizing numerical modeling based on the finite element method (FEM) with the hardening soil model, this research simulates the structural response across four types of homogenous soils: soft clay, stiff clay, loose sand, and medium-dense sand. The results indicate that increasing the D/H ratio linearly improves the safety factor (SF), whereas the reductions in deflection and bending moment exhibit non-linear (hyperbolic) behavior. Quantitatively, at the deepest excavation (H = 12 m), stiff clay shows the highest stability with an SF of 1.024, while medium dense sand has an SF of 1.005. Crucial findings reveal that soft clay can only sustain a maximum excavation depth of up to 4 m (SF = 1.01), while loose sand reaches its critical limit at a depth of 9 m. Deformation analysis identifies a sensitive zone, defined as the D/H ratio range where further penetration yields the most significant reduction in deflection. This zone spans a D/H ratio of 1.5–4.0 for stiff clay and sandy soils, shifting to a higher range of 6.5–9.0 for soft clay. Penetration beyond this range provides negligible marginal benefits in enhancing stability because the wall has already reached a stable condition. For soft clay soils, the implementation of additional reinforcement, such as anchors, is highly recommended to mitigate the risk of basal heave failure.   Keywords: sheet pile wall, D/H ratio, safety factor, lateral deflection, bending moment.
The Evaluasi Kinerja Campuran Aspal RAP 100% Menggunakan Waste Engine Oil Sebagai Bahan Peremaja dan GGBFS Sebagai Filler
Teras Jurnal : Jurnal Teknik Sipil Vol. 16 No. 2 (2026): Teras Jurnal (September 2026)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS MALIKUSSALEH

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/tj.v16i2.1374

Abstract

Abstrak   Penggunaan 100% Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) pada campuran aspal panas menawarkan potensi besar dalam penghematan material dan pengurangan dampak lingkungan, namun terhambat oleh penuaan binder yang meningkatkan kekakuan dan kerentanan terhadap retak. Kajian kombinasi bahan peremaja berbasis limbah dengan filler industri pada campuran 100% RAP masih sangat terbatas. Penelitian ini mengevaluasi pengaruh sinergis Waste Engine Oil (WEO) sebagai peremaja dengan variasi 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, dan 20%, serta Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBFS) sebagai filler dengan variasi 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, dan 100% terhadap kinerja campuran 100% RAP. Pengujian dilakukan menggunakan metode Marshall (ASTM D6927) dan Indirect Tensile Strength/ITS (ASTM D6931) pada 99 sampel. Hasil menunjukkan WEO meningkatkan fleksibilitas campuran, sedangkan GGBFS meningkatkan stabilitas dan Marshall Quotient (MQ). Nilai VIM menurun seiring penambahan WEO dan GGBFS, sementara VMA memenuhi batas standar. Kinerja optimum dicapai dengan kombinasi 10% WEO dan 100% GGBFS dengan stabilitas 704,90 kg, MQ 321,73 kg/mm, flow 2,4 mm, dan ITS 716,32 kPa, meningkat 44,8% dibandingkan dengan campuran tanpa GGBFS.   Kata kunci: RAP, WEO, GGBFS, Uji Marshall, Peremaja, Volumetrik, ITS   Abstract   The use of 100% Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) in hot-mix asphalt offers significant potential for material conservation and environmental sustainability, yet is constrained by binder ageing that increases brittleness and susceptibility to cracking. Studies on combined waste-based rejuvenators and industrial by-product fillers in100% RAP mixtures remain limited. This study evaluates the synergistic effect of Waste Engine Oil (WEO) as a rejuvenator at dosages of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%, and Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBFS) as a filler at subsitution levels of 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% RAP mixture performance. Tests were conducted using the Marshall method (ASTM D6927) and indirect tensile strength/ITS (ASTM D6931) on 99 specimens. WEO increased mix flexibility indicated by higher flow values, while GGBFS improved stability and Marshall Quotient (MQ). VIM decreased as WEO and GGBFS content increased, while VMA met the standard thresholds. Optimum performance was obtained at 10% WEO and 100% GGBFS, yielding stability of 704.90 kg, MQ of 321.73 kg/mm, a flow of 2.4 mm, and an ITS of 716.32 kPa, a 44,8% improvement over the mixture without GGBFS. Keywords: RAP, WEO, GGBFS, Marshall test, Rejuvenator, Volumetric, ITS
Uji Total Suspended Solid (TSS) Menggunakan Metode Gravimetri Pada Sampel Air Baku Waduk Manggar Karang Joang Kota Balikpapan
Teras Jurnal : Jurnal Teknik Sipil Vol. 16 No. 2 (2026): Teras Jurnal (September 2026)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS MALIKUSSALEH

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/tj.v16i2.1380

Abstract

Abstrak   Total Suspended Solids (TSS) merupakan parameter fisik kualitas air yang menunjukkan jumlah partikel padat tersuspensi dan berkaitan dengan tingkat kekeruhan. Pengukuran TSS penting karena konsentrasi yang tinggi dapat mengurangi kejernihan air, menghambat penetrasi cahaya, memengaruhi ekosistem perairan, dan menambah beban pengolahan air baku. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan konsentrasi TSS pada air baku Waduk Manggar di tiga titik dan air distribusi PDAM di tiga rumah pelanggan, mengevaluasi kesesuaiannya terhadap baku mutu yang relevan, serta mengidentifikasi faktor yang memengaruhi keandalan pengujian gravimetri. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif eksperimental melalui pengujian di UPTD Labkesda Balikpapan, pengujian gravimetri awal sebanyak tiga kali ulangan dengan volume 150 mL dan neraca berketelitian 0,1 g, serta pengujian ulang air PDAM menggunakan volume 1.000 mL dan neraca berketelitian 0,001 g. Hasil Labkesda menunjukkan konsentrasi TSS air waduk sebesar 17, 24, dan 62 mg/L. Berdasarkan baku mutu air danau atau waduk kelas I sebesar 25 mg/L, dua titik memenuhi baku mutu, sedangkan titik terdalam melampauinya. TSS air distribusi PDAM berkisar 13–17 mg/L dan disajikan secara deskriptif karena tidak dibandingkan dengan baku mutu waduk. Pengujian gravimetri awal menghasilkan 1.333–5.333 mg/L pada air waduk dan 667–2.667 mg/L pada air PDAM, sedangkan pengujian ulang menghasilkan 0–20 mg/L. Perbedaan hasil menunjukkan bahwa keterbacaan neraca, volume contoh uji, homogenisasi, preparasi media penyaring, pengeringan, dan pencapaian bobot tetap sangat memengaruhi keandalan pengujian.   Kata kunci: air baku, gravimetri, kualitas air, TSS, Waduk Manggar.   Abstract   Total Suspended Solids (TSS) is a physical water-quality parameter that indicates the amount of suspended particulate matter and relates to turbidity. TSS measurement is important because high concentrations can reduce water clarity, limit light penetration, affect aquatic ecosystems, and increase the burden of raw-water treatment. This study aimed to determine TSS concentrations in raw water from Manggar Reservoir at three sampling points and in PDAM water from three households, evaluate compliance with the relevant water-quality standard, and identify factors affecting the reliability of gravimetric testing. A quantitative experimental approach was applied through testing at the Balikpapan Regional Health Laboratory, triplicate initial gravimetric testing using a 150 mL sample and a balance with 0.1 g readability, and repeat testing of PDAM water using a 1,000 mL sample and a balance with 0.001 g readability. Laboratory results showed reservoir-water TSS concentrations of 17, 24, and 62 mg/L. Based on the Class I lake and reservoir standard of 25 mg/L, two points complied with the standard, whereas the deepest point exceeded it. TSS concentrations in PDAM water ranged from 13 to 17 mg/L and were described without comparison with the reservoir standard. Initial gravimetric testing produced 1,333–5,333 mg/L in reservoir water and 667–2,667 mg/L in PDAM water, whereas repeat testing produced 0–20 mg/L. The differences indicate that balance readability, sample volume, homogenization, filter preparation, drying, and attainment of constant mass strongly influence test reliability.   Keywords: gravimetry, Manggar Reservoir, raw water, TSS, water quality.
Prediksi Ketersediaan Air Berdasarkan Debit Andalan untuk Kebutuhan Irigasi di Bendung Copong Sulwan Permana; Adi Susetyaningsih; Alan Wijaya
Teras Jurnal : Jurnal Teknik Sipil Vol. 16 No. 2 (2026): Teras Jurnal (September 2026)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS MALIKUSSALEH

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/tj.v16i2.1386

Abstract

Abstrak   Kabupaten Garut masih mengandalkan sektor pertanian sebagai penunjang perekonomian daerah. Dalam mendukung sektor pertanian, pemerintah pusat bekerja sama dengan pemerintah daerah mengenai tata kelola sumber daya air untuk kelangsungan irigasi.  Infrastuktur sumber daya air di Kabupaten Garut adalah bendung Copong. Daerah Irigasi Leuwigoong dengan luas layanan 5313 hektar dialiri dari bendung Copong. Kebutuhan dan ketersediaan air merupakan faktor utama dalam pertanian. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui rangkaian debit andalan yang akan dipakai dalam merencanakan pola tanam. Pos hujan yang diperhitungkan adalah 4 pos, yaitu pos Pamegatan, pos Pangauban, Pos Kepakan, dan pos Tarogong dari tahun 2015 sampai 2024. Debit simulasi digunakan cara F.J. Mock, debit andalan yang didapat dari debit simulasi besarnya berfluktuasi di musim hujan besar debit melebihi debit normal yaitu 8,66 m3/detik. Musim Tanam (MT) disesuaikan dengan debit andalan setiap bulan, dengan  awal MT I dan MT II masing-masing bulan November dan Maret setiap tahunnya.   Kata kunci: bendung, debit, irigasi, kebutuhan, ketersediaan       Abstract   Garut Regency continues to rely on the agricultural sector as a cornerstone of its regional economy. To support this sector, the central government collaborates with the local government on water resource management to ensure irrigation sustainability. A key piece of water resource infrastructure in Garut Regency is the Copong Weir. The Leuwigoong Irrigation Area, which covers a service area of 5,313 hectares, is supplied by this weir. Water demand and availability are the primary factors in agriculture. The purpose of this study is to determine the range of dependable flow to be used in planning cropping patterns. The analysis incorporates data from four rainfall stations—Pamegatan, Pangauban, Kepakan, and Tarogong—covering the period from 2015 to 2024. The simulation discharge was calculated using the F.J. Mock method. The dependable flow derived from these simulations fluctuates; during the rainy season, the discharge exceeds the normal level, reaching 8.66 m³/s. The Cropping Seasons are adjusted according to the monthly dependable flow, with Cropping Season I and II beginning in November and March each year, respectively.   Keywords: weir, flow, irrigation, requirement, availability
Analisis Kerusakan Jalan Menggunakan Metode IKP (Indeks Kondisi Perkerasan) Aji Suraji; Ermelinda Gae Jati; M Cakrawala
Teras Jurnal : Jurnal Teknik Sipil Vol. 16 No. 2 (2026): Teras Jurnal (September 2026)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS MALIKUSSALEH

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/tj.v16i2.1403

Abstract

Abstrak   Kerusakan jalan adalah penurunan fungsi dan kualitas permukaan jalan akibat berbagai faktor yang mengurangi daya tahan serta performanya. Dalam Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kondisi kerusakan jalan pada perkerasan kaku di ruas jalan Bojonegoro-Ngawi, dengan menggunakan metode Indeks Kondisi Perkerasan (IKP). Metode penelitian dilakukan secara visual pada perkerasan kaku sepanjang 500 meter menggunakan metode Indeks Kondisi Perkerasan (IKP), yang mencakup indentifikasi jenis kerusakan fisik penilaian tingkat keparahan serta pemberian rekomendasi pemeliharaan yang tepat. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa kondisi permukaan jalan berada pada kategori parah untuk arah normal dengan nilai IKP 33,45 dan kategori jelek untuk arah opposite dengan nilai IKP 37,40. Jenis kerusakan yang paling dominan ditemukan adalah retak linear dengan persentase kejadian mencapai 40% arah normal dan 33% pada arah opposite. Berdasarkan nilai IKP yang berada di bawah ambang batas 55, kesimpulan utama penelitian ini merekomendasikan penanganan berupa rekonstruksi total atau daur ulang struktur jalan.   Kata Kunci: Indeks Kondisi Perkerasan, Kerusakan Jalan, Perkerasan Kaku, Rekomendasi Penanganan       Abstract   Road damage is a decline in the function and quality of the road surface due to various factors that reduce its durability and performance. This study aims to evaluate the condition of road damage on rigid pavement along the Bojonegoro-Ngawi road section using the Pavement Condition Index (PCI) method. The visual research method was conducted on a 500-meter stretch, including identifying physical distress types, assessing severity levels, and providing appropriate maintenance recommendations. The analysis shows that the road surface condition is "serious" for the normal direction with a PCI value of 33.45 and "poor" for the opposite direction with a PCI value of 37.40. The most dominant distress found is linear cracking, reaching 40% in the normal direction and 33% in the opposite direction. Based on PCI values below the 55 threshold, the main conclusion recommends total reconstruction or road structure recycling.   Keywords: Pavement Condition Index (PCI), Road Damage, Rigid Pavement, Maintenance Recommendations
Pengaruh Penambahan Tepung Jagung Sebagai Filler terhadap Karakteristik Campuran Aspal Porus Wesli Wesli; Nura Usrina; Said Jalalul Akbar; Diana Riskya Pirdiastuti
Teras Jurnal : Jurnal Teknik Sipil Vol. 16 No. 2 (2026): Teras Jurnal (September 2026)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS MALIKUSSALEH

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/tj.v16i2.1404

Abstract

Abstrak   Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh penambahan tepung jagung terhadap stabilitas dan permeabilitas campuran aspal porus. Penelitian menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan kadar aspal optimum (KAO) sebesar 4,5% dan variasi tepung jagung sebesar 0–2,5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa stabilitas tertinggi sebesar 821 kg diperoleh pada variasi 2,5%, namun nilai Void in Mix (VIM) tidak memenuhi standar AAPA (2004). Variasi 2,0% menghasilkan stabilitas sebesar 807 kg dengan nilai VIM 18,05% yang memenuhi standar, sehingga direkomendasikan sebagai campuran aspal modifikasi. Variasi 0,5% memberikan kinerja permeabilitas terbaik dengan waktu aliran 10,67 detik/liter dan koefisien permeabilitas 0,49 cm/s. Secara keseluruhan, seluruh variasi memenuhi persyaratan permeabilitas menurut AAPA (2004).   Kata kunci: aspal porus, tepung jagung, stabilitas, permeabilitas, VIM.     Abstract   porous asphalt mixtures. An experimental method was employed, with an optimum asphalt content (OAC) of 4.5%. Corn starch extract was added at 0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%, and 2.5%. The results indicated that corn starch extract improved the performance of porous asphalt mixtures. The highest stability (821 kg) was obtained at 2.5%, although its Void in Mix (VIM) did not meet the AAPA (2004) specification. The 2.0% mixture achieved a stability of 807 kg and a VIM of 18.05%, satisfying the AAPA (2004) standard. Therefore, the addition of 0.5–2.0% corn starch extract is recommended for modified porous asphalt. The 0.5% mixture showed the best permeability performance, with the shortest flow time (10.67 s/L) and a permeability coefficient of 0.49 cm/s. Overall, all mixtures met the permeability requirements of the AAPA (2004) standard.   Keywords: porous asphalt, corn starch, stability, permeability, VIM.
Efek Volume Limbah Plastik Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) Terhadap Properti Mekanis Beton Normal Mega Nospita Matana; Cecilia Lauw Giok Swan
Teras Jurnal : Jurnal Teknik Sipil Vol. 16 No. 2 (2026): Teras Jurnal (September 2026)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS MALIKUSSALEH

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/tj.v16i2.1405

Abstract

Abstrak   Pemanfaatan limbah plastik keras sebagai campuran agregat beton adalah salah satu solusi permasalahan lingkungan akibat terus bertambahnya volume limbah plastik. Penelitan ini memanfaatkan limbah plastik dengan jenis acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) sebagai subtitusi parsial agregat kasar pada campuran beton normal berdasarkan volume absolut total (15, 30 dan 40%). Penelitian eksperimental dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh persentase plastik ABS terhadap properti mekanis beton normal baik dalam kondisi beton segar maupun beton keras (umur 7, 14 dan 28 hari). Untuk beton segar, properti mekanis yang ditinjau adalah nilai slump dan berat isi. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa terjadi reduksi seiring dengan peningkatan persentase plastik ABS yang digunakan. Pada umur beton keras, dilakukan pengujian dan analisis pengaruh persentase plastik ABS pada berat isi, kekuatan tekan, kekuatan tarik belah dan kekuatan lentur.  Pada umur beton keras, hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa berat isi dan kekuatan beton semakin tereduksi.   Kata kunci: beton, plastic ABS, property mekanis beton       Abstract   The use of hard plastic waste as concrete ix aggregate is one of the environmental problems solutions which are caused by increasing of plastic waste volume. This study utilize plastic wastes acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) as partial replacement for coarse aggregates in concrete mix according to total of absolute volume (15, 30 dan 40%). The experimental study were performed to analyze the effect of ABS plastic percentage to mechanical properties of normal concrete in both of fresh and hardened states (7, 14 and 28-days). For fresh concrete, mechanical properties, which were investigated, workability and density. Test results indicate a reduction in both properties as the p ABS plastic percentage used increases. For hardened concrete, this study investigated the effect of plastic waste on density, compressive, splitting tensile and flexural strength of concrete. It is concluded that density and strength of concrete decreased by increasing the percentage of plastic waste.   Keywords: concrete, ABS plastic, concrete mechanical properties
Analisis Kapasitas Dukung Tanah Dasar untuk Pondasi Dangkal Berdasarkan Uji Sondir Kasmir Gon; Karolina Villa Delfia Ihut; Yohanes Leonardus Avendri; Marsialis Ajis Reno
Teras Jurnal : Jurnal Teknik Sipil Vol. 16 No. 2 (2026): Teras Jurnal (September 2026)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS MALIKUSSALEH

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/tj.v16i2.1406

Abstract

Abstrak   Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis karakteristik tanah dasar dan menentukan kapasitas dukung pondasi dan angkal berdasarkan uji sondir pada empat titik. Parameter yang dianalisis meliputi qc, fs, Fr. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lapisan tanah permukaan hingga kedalaman 1.50 meter berupa tanah kohesif dengan nilai qc rendah dan Fr tinggi. Pada kedalaman 1,5–3,0 m lapisan transisi, dan pada kedalaman lebih dari 3,0 m dijumpai tanah granular padat hingga sangat padat dengan nilai qc tinggi dan Fr rendah. Kondisi tersebut menunjukkan bahwa lapisan tanah pada kedalaman lebih dari 3 meter layak dijadikan lapisan pendukung pondasi dangkal. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, pondasi dangkal berbentuk bujur sangkar dengan lebar 2 meter ditempatkan pada kedalaman sekitar 3 m setelah pengupasan lapisan tanah permukaan. Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa data CPT efektif digunakan untuk evaluasi kapasitas dukung tanah dasar untuk pondasi dangkal.   Kata kunci: kapasitas dukung tanah, sondir, tahanan ujung konus, pondasi dangkal, aman     Abstract   This study examines the soil profile at the study site and estimates shallow foundation bearing capacity from cone penetration test (sondir) data collected at four locations. Parameters evaluated include cone resistance (qc), sleeve friction (fs), and friction ratio (Fr). Findings indicate the near-surface layer down to 1.50 m consists of cohesive soil with low qc and elevated Fr. Between 1.5 and 3.0 m a transitional zone appears, while below 3.0 m the soil becomes dense to very dense granular material with high qc and low Fr, making it suitable as a bearing layer for shallow foundations. Square shallow foundations, 2 m wide, are recommended at roughly 3 m depth once the surface layer is removed. Overall, the CPT data prove effective for assessing subgrade bearing capacity in shallow foundation design   Keywords: soil bearing capacity, CPT, cone tip resistance, shallow foundation, safe
Optimasi Penjadwalan Proyek Menggunakan CPM, Gantt Chart dan Resource Leveling Pada Konstruksi Tangki Minyak dan Gas Christopher Davito Prabandewa Hertadi; Ghina Suhaimah Amin; Vridayani Anggi Leksono
Teras Jurnal : Jurnal Teknik Sipil Vol. 16 No. 2 (2026): Teras Jurnal (September 2026)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS MALIKUSSALEH

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/tj.v16i2.1415

Abstract

Abstrak   Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengoptimalkan penjadwalan proyek konstruksi tangki penyimpanan minyak dan gas melalui pendekatan terintegrasi yang mengkombinasikan Critical Path Method (CPM), Gantt Chart, dan Resource Leveling. Studi ini menggunakan desain explanatory case study pada satu proyek konstruksi yang dilaksanakan oleh PT Bukaka Teknik Utama untuk Pertamina Hulu Sanga-Sanga. Data diperoleh dari dokumen proyek dan wawancara semi terstruktur dengan tim manajemen proyek. Analisis dilakukan melalui identifikasi jalur kritis, visualisasi jadwal, serta redistribusi tenaga kerja pada aktivitas non kritis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas Radiography Test for Shell Plate Thickness 8 merupakan aktivitas kritis utama yang mempengaruhi durasi proyek. Tanpa optimasi, proyek diproyeksikan mengalami keterlambatan selama 444 hari. Setelah penerapan resource leveling, jadwal proyek dapat dipercepat hingga 455 hari dengan penambahan sumber daya. Temuan ini membuktikan bahwa integrasi metode penjadwalan konvensional mampu meningkatkan kelayakan jadwal dan efisiensi pemanfaatan tenaga kerja secara signifikan.   Kata kunci: Project scheduling, CPM, Gantt chart, Resource leveling, Oil and gas construction.   Abstract   This study aims to optimize project scheduling in an oil and gas storage tank construction project using an integrated approach combining the Critical Path Method (CPM), Gantt Chart, and resource leveling. An explanatory single case study design was applied to a project executed by PT Bukaka Teknik Utama for Pertamina Hulu Sanga-Sanga. Data were collected from project documents and semi structured interviews with project management personnel. The analysis involved critical path identification, schedule visualization, and manpower redistribution across non critical activities. The results indicate that the Radiography Test for Shell Plate Thickness 8 is the main critical activity influencing overall project duration. Without optimization, the project was projected to experience 444 day delay. After applying resource leveling, the project completion date was advanced by 455 days with additional resources. These findings demonstrate that integrating conventional scheduling tools can significantly improve schedule feasibility and workforce efficiency in complex construction projects.   Keywords: Project scheduling, CPM, Gantt chart, Resource leveling, Oil and gas construction.
Analasis Komparatif Performa Termal dan Akustik Dinding Sandwich Panel Glassfiber Reinforced Concrete (GRC) Terhadap Dinding Bata Pada Bangunan Andri Irfan Radifan; Glory Beam Lim; Joewono Prasetijo
Teras Jurnal : Jurnal Teknik Sipil Vol. 16 No. 2 (2026): Teras Jurnal (September 2026)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS MALIKUSSALEH

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/tj.v16i2.1417

Abstract

Abstrak   Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis secara komparatif performa termal dan akustik dinding Sandwich Panel Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete (GRC) dibandingkan dengan dinding bata konvensional bangunan di iklim tropis lembap Indonesia. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif eksperimental yang dikombinasikan dengan survei kuesioner terhadap 120 responden yang terdiri dari penghuni bangunan, arsitek, dan insinyur berpengalaman. Pengukuran performa termal menggunakan Thermometer Hygrometer dan pengukuran akustik menggunakan Sound Noise Level Meter selama 30 hari pada dua unit bangunan percontohan di Batam, Tanjung Uma. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dinding Sandwich Panel GRC memiliki nilai koefisien konduktivitas termal (k) sebesar 0,42 W/m·K, lebih rendah 38,2% dibandingkan bata merah (0,68 W/m·K). Nilai transmisi suara (STC) dinding GRC mencapai 42 dB, lebih tinggi 16,7% dibandingkan bata merah (36 dB). Survei menunjukkan 78,3% responden menyatakan lebih nyaman pada ruang dengan dinding GRC. Sandwich Panel GRC merupakan alternatif material dinding unggul untuk bangunan tropis dari aspek efisiensi energi dan kenyamanan akustik.   Kata kunci: Sandwich Panel GRC, Bata Merah, Performa Termal, Akustik Bangunan, Bangunan Tropis, Konduktivitas Termal     Abstract   This study aims to comparatively analyze the thermal and acoustic performance of Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete (GRC) Sandwich Panel walls versus conventional brick walls in buildings in Indonesia's humid tropical climate. The research employs a quantitative experimental combined with questionnaire surveys of 120 respondents. Thermal performance measurements were conducted using a Thermometer Hygrometer and acoustic measurements using a Sound Noise Level Meter over 30 days at two prototype buildings in Batam, Tanjung Uma. Results indicate that GRC Sandwich Panel walls have a thermal conductivity coefficient (k) of 0.42 W/m·K, which is 38.2% lower than red brick (0.68 W/m·K). The Sound Transmission Class (STC) of GRC walls reached 42 dB, 16.7% higher than red brick (36 dB). Surveys showed that 78.3% of respondents reported greater comfort in rooms with GRC walls. GRC Sandwich Panels represent a superior wall material alternative for tropical buildings in terms of energy efficiency and acoustic comfort.   Keywords: GRC Sandwich Panel, Thermal Performance, Building Acoustics, Tropical Buildings, Thermal Conductivity

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