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Majalah Kedokteran Bandung
Published by Universitas Padjadjaran
ISSN : 0126074X     EISSN : 23386223     DOI : 10.15395/mkb
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung (MKB)/Bandung Medical Journal publishes peer-reviewed original articles and case reports in basic medical research, clinical research, and applied medical science. This journal is published quarterly (March, June, September, and December) by Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran. Articles are original research that needs to be disseminated and written in English. All submitted manuscripts will go through the double-blind peer review and editorial review before being granted with acceptance for publication.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 651 Documents
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Effect of Isocenter Placement at Nasion and Symphysis Menti on the Quality of MRI Images in Cases of Nasopharyngeal Cancer Nurbaiti, Nurbaiti; Zola, Thifal Humaira
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 57, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v57.3712

Abstract

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) examinations require precise placement of the isocenter as it directly influences the quality of MRI images. In the context of nasopharyngeal MRI examinations, different opinions regarding the optimal placement of the isocenter exist. Currently, two methods of isocenter placement are commonly applied,  i.e., nasion and symphysis menti isocenter placement. This study aimed to analyze how these different isocenter placements affect the quality of MRI images in T2 Turbo Spin Echo sequences of the nasopharynx in the coronal plane. This study was conducted in June 2023 at the Radiology Installation of Dharmais Cancer Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia. This study used the quantitative  experimental approach. Six samples were purposively selected from nasopharyngeal cancer patients, and two treatments were conducted: isocenter placement at the nasion and isocenter placement at the symphysis menti. Data processing was  performed using a statistical software. The results of the Wilcoxon test for image quality from the perspective of  the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) yielded a p-value of 0.173, which was greater than 0.05, indicating that there was no significant difference in image quality as measured by the SNR between the two isocenter placements. Similarly, the paired sample t-test for image quality in terms of the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) resulted in a p-value of 0.610, which was also greater than 0.05. This demonstrated no significant difference in the image quality between the two isocenter placements from the perspective of the CNR measures. Thus, both isocenter placements resulted in comparable image quality.
Clinical Features of Drug Eruption in An Indonesian Tertiary Hospital Rohmawaty, Enny; Devani, Mochamad; Pangastuti, Miranti
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 57, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v57.3839

Abstract

Drug eruption is a response to drugs undergoing sensitization, which is mediated by the immune system. Clinical features of drug eruptions, such as maculopapular drug eruption, Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) or toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), and drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS), are known as common drug reactions. This study aimed to explore the characteristics and clinical features of patients with drug eruptions at the Department of Dermatology and Venereology of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia. This retrospective descriptive study used data from the department  from patients treated between January 1, 2014 and December 31, 2018. Data were analyzed using Excel and SPSS software. In this study, 200 subjects were included, mainly consisting of female subjects (50.5%) and aged between 19 and 65 (89%). Maculopapular drug eruption (45%) was the most typical clinical presentation, followed by SJS/TEN (37.5%), and DRESS (3%). The analgesics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) group was the most commonly suspected causative drug (36.91%), with paracetamol (29.18% of total drugs consumed) as the most frequent NSAID causing the eruption. This was followed by the antibiotic-type drugs group (36.48%), with cotrimoxazole (9.87% of total drugs consumed) as the most common one. So, maculopapular drug eruption is the most common clinical presentation of drug eruption, with analgesics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) class as the most suspected causative drug. Further investigations are needed to get the accurate result.
Effect of Nigella sativa on Growth and IGF-1 levels in Rats Prenatally Exposed to Pesticides Wibowo, Joko Wahyu; Fasitasari, Minidian; Yuniarti, Heny; Tanry, Selvina
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 57, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v57.3862

Abstract

Nigella sativa contains antioxidants and can potentially improve growth disorders due to prenatal pesticide exposure. Pesticides affect the work of thyroid hormone, insulin, and Insulin-like Growth Factor that play essential roles in the growth and development processes. This study aimed to determine the effect of Nigella sativa supplementation on body weight and IGF-1 levels in mice, with a history of pesticide exposure in the womb. This study was conducted from October 14, 2023 to December 1, 2023 at the laboratory of the Center for Food and Nutrition Studies, Inter-University Center, Gajah Mada University, Indonesia. This experimental study used a cohort design and involved 20 pregnant female rats as the experimental animals. These rats were divided into several groups: K0 (control group with standard feed), K1 (group exposed to pesticides during pregnancy),  and P1 and P2 (group exposed to pesticides. Followed by 10.8 mg/200gBW/day and 21.6 mg/ 200 gBW/day of Nigella sativa after birth, respectively). The pesticide dose used was 10 mg/200gBW/day orally. Anthropometric examinations was conducted at birth, and on day 7, day 14, day 21, and day 28. The examination of IGF-1 levels was performed on day 28 using the ELISA method. Results showed that the mean birth weights (g) of the rats by group were as follows: K0:6.09±0.12; K1:4.03±0.03, P1:4.03±0.02 P2:4.05±0.03. On day 28, the mean body weights (g) were as follows: K0:104.0±1.79; K1:65.17±1.47; P1:92.17 ± 3.19; and P2:102.00±1.41. The mean IGF-1 level (pg/mL) were as follows: K0:23.76±0.68; K1:9.03±0.24, P1:14.94±0.37; and P2:19.51±0.56. The ANOVA test presented a p-value of <0.001. Hence, Nigella sativa supplementation after birth significantly affects body weight and IGF-1 levels in rat model of prenatally exposed to pesticides.
Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio and Mortality in Patients with Acute Limb Ischemia Hapsari, Putie; Djajakusumah, Teguh Marfen; Nugroho, Hendri Bayu
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 57, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v57.3848

Abstract

Acute Limb Ischemia (ALI) is a sudden decrease in limb perfusion with a potential of limb loss and is an indication for immediate vascular intervention. Apart from reducing the quality of life, the mortality rate in ALI is reported to be high, i.e., around 40%. Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) can be used to reflect the inflammatory process in this condition. This study aimed to assess the correlation of NLR to mortality rate in ALI Rutherford Category III patients treated in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, Indonesia. This was a cross-sectional analytical observative retrospective study on data collected from medical records of ALI Rutherford Category III patients treated in the hospital from 2019 to 2022. Sampling was performed consecutively and data were processed using the SPSS with univariate analysis and bivariate analysis using Kendall's tau b analysis test. Results demonstrated that of a total of 46 patients, the majority were female patients (n=31) and 28 patients died. The mean NLR levels in patients who survived was 5.8, in contrast with 9.7 observed among those who died. The statistical test results showed a significant correlation between the NLR and mortality rate of ALI Rutherford category III patients (p
Evaluation of Kidney Proximal Tubule Following Immunization with Plasmodium falciparum CIDR1α-PfEMP1 Recombinant Protein in Rats Dewi, Rosita; Sulistyaningsih, Erma; Kusuma, Irawan Fajar; Rachmania, Sheilla; Rahma, Nafisah Hani Asyifah
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 57, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v57.3801

Abstract

Malaria vaccines are continuously explored as an approach to eradicate malaria. The cysteine-rich interdomain region 1α-Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (CIDR1α-PfEMP1) is an antigenic protein that can bind to the endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR) and CD36, resulting in microvascular obstruction. The PfEMP1-induced antibody can induce antibodies, reducing the severity of malaria risk by impeding cytoadherence and destructing rosette formation. Preclinical safety testing is an important step of vaccine development, including safety testing of the kidney as the main excretory organ. The proximal tubule has the most mitochondria to support its main role in reabsorption and excretion, making it prone to oxidative stress caused by foreign substances. This study aimed to evaluate kidney proximal tubule cells after CIDR1α-PfEMP1 immunization in rats. This study was conducted at the Laboratory of Biology Molecular and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jember. Eight rats were injected subcutaneously with 150 µg of the protein and four rats were injected with 0.9%  NaCl on days 0, 21, and 42. The rats were euthanized on day 56. The kidney histopathological slides were stained using Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) and the necrotic proximal tubule cells were counted at five (5) visual fields (100 cells/visual fields). The average number of necrotic cells of the control and the treatment groups were 0.125±0.25 and 2.438±2.5972 while the Mann-Whitney test showed a significance value of p=0.12,  indicating no significant difference between the control and treatment groups. In conclusion, there is no change in the kidney histopathology based on the proximal tubule necrotic cell count after CIDR1α-PfEMP1 immunization in rats.
Correlation of Nutritional Status, HbA1c, and Duration of Diabetes Mellitus with Amputation Incidence in Patients with Diabetic Foot Ulcers Hapsari, Putie; Kharisma, Surti Wulan; Yarman, Indra Prasetya; Faried, Ahmad; Djajakusumah, Teguh Marfen; Maryani, Euis
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 57, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v57.4094

Abstract

Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a severe complication of diabetes that significantly impairs quality of life and  may often lead to amputation, particularly when infections become extensive. This study investigated the correlation of nutritional status, HbA1c levels, and duration of diabetes exposure with the incidence of amputation in DFU patients. Using an observational analytic study with a retrospective cohort design, data from 47 DFU patients treated at the Vascular and Endovascular Surgery clinic and Emergency Room  of a hospital from 2019-2024 were analyzed. The majority of subjects were men aged 40-60 years (59.57%). Among the amputee group, 55.31% experienced neuropathy, primarily classified as Wagner's degree 4. Patients requiring amputation had significantly higher levels of urea, creatinine, and leukocytes compared to those who did not. A significant correlation was observed between the incidence of amputation and nutritional status—specifically, serum albumin (r=-0.616) and Body Mass Index (BMI) (r=0.823)—as well as HbA1c levels (r=0.806) and duration of diabetes exposure (r=0.445) (p<0.05). However, the Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) did not show a significant relationship with amputation incidence. The findings of this study suggest that nutritional status, HbA1c levels, and duration of diabetes exposure are significantly correlated with the likelihood of amputation in patients with diabetic foot ulcers (DFU).
Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) at Admission Predicts In-Hospital Mortality of COVID-19-Infected Patients Haryati, Haryati; Isa, Mohamad; Rudiansyah, Mohammad; Juhairina, Juhairina; Nor, Muhamad; Arganita, Fidya Rahmadhany
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 57, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v57.3930

Abstract

Corona Virus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) was declared a pandemic in March 2020 and caused considerable deaths in all parts of the world. Mortality is influenced by the immune system status and increased vulnerability to infection, both related to nutritional status. The Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI), calculated using lymphocyte count and albumin levels, may have the ability to more accurately characterize the nutritional and inflammatory conditions of COVID-19 patients. This retrospective study analyzed 967 COVID-19 patients at Ulin Hospital Banjarmasin, Indonesia, by examining demographic data, laboratory results, and PNI in relation to survival outcomes. The study revealed that factors such as age, sex, comorbidities (including hypertension, diabetes mellitus/DM, obesity, etc.), number of comorbidities, and disease severity correlated with mortality. Leucocyte count, lymphocyte count, albumin levels, and PNI all showed significant correlations with survival (p<0.001), suggesting that these factors may serve as useful prognostic indicators for COVID-19 patient’s survival. The PNI was associated with an increased risk of mortality, with a univariate odds ratio (OR) of 0.923. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis demonstrated that a PNI cut-off value of p<41.9 had a sensitivity of 44.9% and a specificity of 82.4%, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.666 (p<0.001). Hence, PNI at admission, which reflects patients' immune system and nutritional status upon hospital admission, can be used as a simple, cost-effective, and reliable predictor of mortality in COVID-19 patients.
Factors Associated with Soil-Transmitted Helminths Infections in Children Aged 24-59 Months in Bandung District, Indonesia Hafidz, Athar Zaidan; Adrizain, Riyadi; Setiabudi, Djatnika
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 57, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v57.4135

Abstract

Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections remain a major public health concern in developing countries, particularly among lower- to middle-income populations with poor sanitation, limited access to healthcare, and inadequate clean water. Preschool-aged children are especially vulnerable due to their developing immune systems and increased nutritional needs. This study aimed to identify factors associated with STH infections among children aged 24–59 months in Bandung District, Indonesia. A case-control design was employed using secondary data from helminthiasis surveillance conducted between October 2019 and January 2023, involving a total of 261 children. The Kato-Katz technique was used to examine stool samples for the detection of STH species. Among them, 30 (11.49%) were infected with soil-transmitted helminths (STH), comprising ascariasis (11.11%), trichuriasis (0.38%), and hookworm infection (0.38%). Bivariate chi-square analysis revealed significant associations with fathers’ education level (p = 0.0003), BPJS-Healthcare participation (p = 0.015), water source (p = 0.015), distance from the water source to the latrine (p = 0.003), and nail hygiene (p = 0.018). Multivariate logistic regression confirmed that distance between water source and pit latrine (OR = 0.265; 95% CI: 0.76–0.92), nail hygiene (OR = 0.318; 95% CI: 0.13–0.76), and participation in BPJS-healthcare program (OR = 0.364; 95% CI: 0.15–0.91) were key determinants of STH infection. These findings highlight the importance of addressing environmental and behavioral factors through public health interventions, including improving access to clean water, promoting personal hygiene, and enhancing parental, particularly paternal education, as essential strategies for reducing the risk of STH in children.
Maternal Anemia in Patients with Preterm Delivery in Indonesia Mayangsari, Nastiti Hemas; Suhaimi, Donel
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 57, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v57.3719

Abstract

Preterm delivery remains one of the leading causes of fetomaternal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Anemia during pregnancy is also a significant concern, and may contribute to adverse pregnancy outcomes including preterm birth, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), and postpartum hemorrhage (PPH). This study aimed to assess the prevalence of maternal anemia in women with preterm delivery and to evaluate its association with preterm-related complications. A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Arifin Achmad Hospital, Pekanbaru, Indonesia. Anemia was defined according to the CDC criteria as hemoglobin levels below 11 g/dL in the first and third trimesters or below 10.5 g/dL in the second trimester. Data were collected from medical records of 654 preterm deliveries, of which 359 met the inclusion criteria. Among these, 204 women (56.82%) had anemia, while 155 women (43.18%) had normal hemoglobin levels. A significant association was found between anemia and preterm delivery (p=0.010). Maternal anemia was associated with preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) (p=0.035, contingency coefficient=0.110, 95% CI). These findings suggest that maternal anemia is significantly correlated with preterm birth and its complications, particularly PPROM. Screening and early management of anemia in pregnancy may help reduce the risk of preterm delivery and improve maternal and neonatal outcomes.
Effect of Spinal Anesthesia on Blood Pressure During Cesarean Section in Private Indonesian Hospital Nanmi, Nassya Putri; Lailly, Husnul; Armyanti, Ita; Novitarini, Poppy; Handoko, Willy
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 57, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v57.4104

Abstract

The 2018 Indonesian Basic Health Research Data presented an increase in the number of cesarean sections from the previous years, with an increase of 17.6%. In Anugerah Bunda Khatulistiwa Hospital, a private hospital in Pontianak, Indonesia, cesarean section was performed in 689 and 641 cases in 2021 and 2022, respectively. This trend highlights the importance of understanding the anesthesia methods used during this procedure, including spinal anesthesia. Despite the common use of this type of anesthesia, spinal anesthesia an cause changes in the maternal blood pressure. This study aimed to determine the effect of spinal anesthesia on patients’ blood pressure during cesarean section. This retrospective observational analytical study was conducted at the Anugerah Bunda Khatulistiwa Hospital Pontianak, Indonesia, from May 2023 to January 2024. Medical records were selected from 246 patients using consecutive sampling method. Most patients aged between 27 and 29 years, with 207 were in the productive age group (20-35 years). The mean weight was 72.77 kg (±10.43) and the mean height was 156.70 cm (±5.85). The majority were overweight based on the BMI score (n=111), and the spinal anesthesia dose used was 15 mg bupivacaine. The Friendman test on the systolic and diastolic blood pressures before and after anesthesia to determine the effect of spinal anesthesia on blood pressure. The results showed a p-value of 0.000 (p<0.05) for both systolic and diastolic observations. This indicates that spinal anesthesia influences the blood pressure of patients undergoing cesarean sections under spinal anesthesia.

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