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Majalah Kedokteran Bandung
Published by Universitas Padjadjaran
ISSN : 0126074X     EISSN : 23386223     DOI : 10.15395/mkb
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung (MKB)/Bandung Medical Journal publishes peer-reviewed original articles and case reports in basic medical research, clinical research, and applied medical science. This journal is published quarterly (March, June, September, and December) by Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran. Articles are original research that needs to be disseminated and written in English. All submitted manuscripts will go through the double-blind peer review and editorial review before being granted with acceptance for publication.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 651 Documents
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Correlation Between ERCP Implementation Time and Outcomes of Patients with Acute Cholangitis Due to Choledocholithiasis Ayundra, Muhammad Hilmy; Rudiman, Reno; Hapsari, Putie
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 57, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v57.3965

Abstract

Acute cholangitis is a serious condition, and timely ERCP is essential for effective management. This prospective cohort study was conducted at Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital in Bandung, Indonesia, from June 2023 to April 2024, to evaluate the feasibility of performing ERCP beyond 48 hours in the presence of various limitations. The study included patients with acute cholangitis caused by common bile duct stones. The ERCP timing was categorized into three groups: less than 48 hours, 48-72 hours, and more than 72 hours. Outcomes measured were hospital stay duration, ICU admission, and 30-day mortality. Of these patients, 52.8% underwent ERCP at 48-72 hours, 27.8% after 72 hours, and 19.4% before 48 hours. The median hospital stay was 7.5 days (IQR 3-15). ICU admissions occurred only in patients receiving ERCP after 72 hours (30.0%), a significantly higher rate compared to the other groups (p=0.014). A strong correlation was found between delayed ERCP and longer hospital stays (r=0.711, p<0.01), as well as ICU admission (r=0.405, p=0.014), though no significant correlation with mortality was observed (r=-0.021, p=0.905).
Potential of Binahong Leaf Extract (Anredera cordifolia) for Anemia Treatment in Anemic Rat Model Dewajanti, Anna Maria; Stephanus, Chealsea A.; Mano, Ivanna G; Purnamawati, Purnamawati; Rumiati, Flora; Sumbayak, Erma Mexcorry; Limanto, Agus
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 57, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v57.3873

Abstract

Anemia, characterized by low hemoglobin (Hb) and erythrocyte counts, can be induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) or known as hemolytic anemia. Binahong (Anredera cordifolia) has been explored for its potential in managing anemia; yet, its efficacy against ROS-induced anemia remains under investigated. This study, conducted from January to May 2023, aimed to evaluate the potential of Binahong leaf extract (BLE) in treating anemia caused by oxidative stress. Anemia was induced by administering NaNO2 to 24 rats (Rattus norvegicus), followed by the administration of BLE at doses of 50,100, and 200 mg/kgBW for seven days. Hemoglobin levels were measured using Sahli method and erythrocytes count were determined using a Hemocytometer at three stages: pre anemia (HA), before-treatment (H0), and after-treatment (H7). Results showed that BLE significantly increased the Hb level by 1.3g/dL (p=0.000), 3.87g/dL (p=0.034), and 4.53g/dL (p=0.016) at 50 mg/kgBW, 100mg/kgBW, and 200 mg/kgBW, respectively, after treatment. Additionally, a dose of 200 mg/kgBW significally increased the erythrocyte count by 3.84 x 106 L/mm3 (p=0.033). These findings suggested that BLE has the potential to improve Hb levels and erythrocyte counts in ROS-induced anemia, indicating a promising natural approach to managing anemia.
Local Tumor Control Affects Survival of Patients with Osteosarcoma and Ewing Sarcoma Suryawan, Nur; Syifannisa, Ilma; Anantha, I Made Brahmystha Valqy
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 57, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v57.4082

Abstract

Osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma are the most common primary malignant bone tumors in children. This study aimed to analyze the characteristics of osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma patients at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia, from 2020 to 2023 and compare the one-year survival rates between patients who underwent complete treatment (surgery for local tumor control and chemotherapy) and those who received chemotherapy alone. This study used a descriptive-analytical observational design with a retrospective approach by reviewing electronic medical records from the Indonesian Pediatric Cancer Registry (IPCAR). A total of 44 osteosarcoma patients and 14 Ewing sarcoma patients who met the inclusion criteria were included. The majority of patients were boys (osteosarcoma=61.36%; Ewing sarcoma=64.29%), with a mean age of 13.5 years for osteosarcoma and 9.1 years for Ewing sarcoma. Osteosarcoma was most commonly found in the femur and tibia (90.92%), whereas Ewing sarcoma was primarily located in the axial region (71.43%). Most patients underwent chemotherapy without local tumor control (osteosarcoma=61.36%; Ewing sarcoma=57.14%). The analysis revealed a significant difference in one-year survival between patients who received local tumor control combined with chemotherapy and those who underwent chemotherapy alone (osteosarcoma p=0.000; Ewing sarcoma p=0.010). In conclusion, local tumor control significantly improves one-year survival in both tumor types.
HbA1c Level in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients With and Without Obesity in An Indonesian Regional Hospital Tinangon, Fritsal; Luciana, Linny; Sihombing, Martina Rentauli; Edward, Harny
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 57, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v57.3990

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a disease characterized by hyperglycemia due to insulin deficiency or impaired insulin function. The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) estimated that approximately 463 million people aged 20 to 79 years old were affected by DM worldwide in 2019. Indonesia is the third highest with a prevalence of 11.3%. More than 90% of diabetic patients are obese which reduced insulin sensitivity. This study aimed to determine the difference in HbA1c levels between obese and non-obese patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) at Tarakan Regional Hospital, Indonesia. Data from medical records of T2DM patients from January to December 2023 were collected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria using consecutive sampling method, resulting in 128 samples. The results of the study, as determined using the Mann Whitney test, indicated a significant difference in the HbA1c levels between T2DM patients with and without obesity (p=0.031), with non-obese T2DM patients tend to have better HbA1c control compared to their obese counterparts. Thus, it can be inferred that obesity affects the blood glucose control in diabetic patients. However, this result needs to be further researched as there are a few limitations inherent to this study, particularly the partial availability of certain medical record information, such as duration of diagnosis and medication adherence.
Prevalence, Severity, and Self-Medication for Dysmenorrhea among Female Adolescents in Indonesia Zulimartin, Handika; Harzif, Achmad Kemal; Shadrina, Amalia; Harahap, Juliana Sari; Tanjung, Anton; Muharam, R.
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 57, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Dysmenorrhea, commonly referred to as menstrual pain, is a prevalent condition affecting many reproductive-aged women, particularly female adolescents, with varying degrees of intensity. Dysmenorrhea affects 64.5% of female adolescents in Indonesia, with the highest prevalence rates found in West Java (98.8%) and Jakarta (87.5%). Over the years, various therapy modalities have been developed for treating this condition based on its pathophysiology. However, in Indonesia, a country renowned for its rich natural resources and medicinal herbs, there is a prevailing belief in the efficacy of traditional medicine. Female adolescents in Indonesia are often engaged in self-medication practices, combining traditional medicine with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). This study aimed to analyze the prevalence, severity, and self- medication practices for dysmenorrhea among female adolescents in Indonesia. The study was conducted from January to December 2020 using an online survey that included questions about menstrual pain, family history, and the use of traditional medicine and NSAIDs. This study comprised 362 participants recruited through convenience sampling. Results showed that 92.5% of participants experienced dysmenorrhea with varying degrees of pain. A total of 216 (59.9%) female adolescents experienced frequent dysmenorrhea, while 118 (32.6%) reported experiencing this condition every menstrual cycle. Of all participants, 33.1% used traditional medicine as a treatment option, and 16.9% used NSAIDs. According to the self-reported visual analog scale (VAS), the use of natural remedies, such as traditional medicine, was associated with lower pain levels, suggesting their potential benefits in healthcare services for dysmenorrhea.
Comparison of ABO Blood Group Antibody Titers in Elderly and Young Adult Patients Dianawati, Dina Asri; Lismayanti, Leni; Wasilah, Fajar
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 57, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v57.4066

Abstract

Immunosenescence in the elderly decreases their antibodies, which may lead to weaker degree of agglutination formation that potentially causes ABO discrepancies. This may lead to misinterpretation of blood group in this group. This study aimed to determine whether there are differences in antibody titer levels and degree of agglutination formed when examining ABO blood groups in the elderly as compared to young adults. This was a cross-sectional study employing analytical observational methods. Data were collected prospectively from the Blood Services Unit of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, Indonesia, between May 2022 and July 2022. The subjects included were 42 elderly participants and 42 young adults, grouped accordingly. The ABO blood typing was performed using the slide method, while anti-A and anti-B titers were measured by serial two-fold dilution using the tube method. A significant difference in ABO blood group antibody titer levels was observed between elderly and young adult groups (median: 6 vs 64, p<0.001). Antibody titers were lower in the elderly across blood groups A (median: 8 vs 64, p<0.001), B (median: 8 vs 64, p<0.001), and O (median: 4 vs 64, p<0.001). The degree of agglutination was lower in the elderly (2+) compared to young adults (4+). On average, antibody titers in elderly individuals were approximately tenfold lower than those in young adults across all three blood groups. The reduced degree of agglutination further supports the diminished antibody response in the elderly group.
Acute Toxicity (LD50 value) of Peppermint (Mentha piperita) Suspension in Female Mice Andriyanto, Andriyanto; Aurelia, Sharon; Zilviana, Tengku; Hibban, Muhammad Farhan Ibnu; Putra, Hamdika Yendri
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 57, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v57.3919

Abstract

Peppermint has several benefits, such as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antifungal properties, that leads to its use in various products, especially in herbal medicine. This study aimed to evaluate the LD50 value of peppermint suspension through an acute toxicity test. This study was conducted at the Animal Laboratory Management Unit of the School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, IPB University, from October 9 to 30, 2024. A total of 25 female mice were divided into 5 groups, and given different doses of peppermint suspension of 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2.0 g/kgBW. Observations were then carried out for 14 days on the parameters of body weight, physiological responses, clinical symptoms, absolute and relative organ weight, body weight, and number of mortalities per day. Results showed that the highest mortality was found in the groups administered with a 1.5 and 2.0 g/kgBW of peppermint suspension. Clinical symptoms, such as hair standing, lethargies, and decreased locomotor activity were also observed in these groups. In addition, the administration of peppermint suspension in mice had no significant effect on body weight, as well as on absolute and relative organ weight, It was also demonstrated that organs collected did not present any significant lesion. Thus, the acute toxicity test of peppermint suspension  showed no macroscopic lesion or changes in organs and body weight. The LD50 value suggested that the is in the moderate toxicity category, with an LD50 value of 1.92 g/kgBW.
Antibacterial Activity of Mangrove Leaves Extract (Rhizopora Apiculata) Against Salmonella typhi Growth Nurfadly, Nurfadly; Harahap, Sevani Ayu; Roslina, Ance; Sarirah, Munauwarus
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 57, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v57.4092

Abstract

Mangrove leaves (Rhizopora apiculata) contain antibacterial chemical compounds with antibacterial properties against various pathogens. Salmonella typhi, the causative agent of thyphoid fever, triggers a systemic infectious disease that can lead to complications and deaths if not treated properly.  This study aimed to screen the phytochemical content of R. apiculata leaf extract, evaluate its antibacterial activity against S. typhi, and determine the optimal inhibitory concentration. Leaves were collected from the Sicanang mangrove forest in Belawan, North Sumatra, Indonesia, and extracted using the maceration method with 96% ethanol.  Antibacterial effectiveness was assessed using disc diffusion method by measuring the zone of inhibition after exposure to mangrove leaf extract at concentrations of 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%, with chloramphenicol as a positive control, to determine the most effective concentration for inhibiting the growth of Salmonella typhi. The results of the study showed that there were differences in inhibition zones in each group. Mangrove leaves extract at a concentration of 100% is the most effective in inhibiting the growth of Salmonella typhi compared to 80%, 60%, and 40% concentrations.
Home Environmental Hazard as Extrinsic Factors For Falls Among Community-Dwelling Elderly Gondodiputro, Sharon; Safnul, Farhan Bariq; Amelia, Indah
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 57, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v57.4361

Abstract

Falls among the elderly are a major concern in both clinical practice and public health. Studies have shown that falls occur more frequently at home than outside home.This study aimed to identify the areas and types of home environmental hazards present in the residences elderly individuals. A quantitative descriptive study was conducted from April to May 2024 accross six primary healthcare centers in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia, selected from having the highest number of elderly patients. A total of 100 elderly respondents were recruited using a multistage purposive convenience sampling method. Data collection was carried out using an instrument consisting of two parts: the first part focused on respondent characteristics and the second part on home environmental hazards.The study variables were respondent characteristics and environmental hazards in the terrace, living room, stairs, bedroom, bathroom, kitchen, and garage. Data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel software and presented in tabular form. Results showed that all areas of the home posed potential hazards, with the presence of scattered items on the floor as the commonly identified risk. In specific areas such as the kitchen, high shelves were found, and in the bathroom, there were slippery floors, squat toilets, absence of handrails, and inward-opening bathroom door. Home can be a source of environmental hazards that increase the fall risk among the elderly. It is essential to provide the elderly with adequate information on these risk to encourage preventive actions and, where necessary, home modifications that improve safety and reduce the risk of falls.
Family Support and Medication Adherence in Patients in Prolanis Program Aini, Zahratul; Suardi, Hijra Novia; Dewi, Fitria Meutia; Ibrahim, Tilaili; Waraztuty, Ika; Mulia, Vera Dewi
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 57, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v57.4004

Abstract

The Chronic Disease Management Program, or Program Pengelolaan Penyakit Kronis (Prolanis), is a disease management program designed for individuals with chronic illnesses. It aims to maintain health and improve quality of life. The success of Prolanis depends not only on patient adherence to medication but also on family involvement as the primary source of support. This study aimed to examine the relationship between family support and medication adherence among Prolanis patients at Batoh Public Health Center, Banda Aceh, Indonesia. An observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design was conducted using consecutive sampling of 74 Prolanis participants. Data were collected through guided interviews. Among the participants, 33 individuals (44.5%) exhibited low medication adherence, while 41 individuals (55.5%) demonstrated high adherence. Additionally, 8 participants (10.8%) reported poor family support, whereas 66 participants (89.2%) received good family support. Data analysis using the chi-square test revealed a significant relationship (p=0.009) between family support and medication adherence. Therefore, it can be concluded that family support is significantly associated with medication adherence in Prolanis patients.  Families are the main supporters in maintaining the health of their family members, with an important role in encouraging, supporting, and supervising patients' treatment. Good support and constant encouragement and attention can increase patients' confidence, which in turn will affect their adherence to treatment.

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