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Indonesian Journal of Public Health Nutrition (IJPHN)
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : -     EISSN : 27748200     DOI : 10.7454/ijphn
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Public Health
IJPHN is an online, open-access journal that publishes peer-reviewed original research papers addressing all aspects including problems, controversial issues, experimental trials, and special articles such as reviews, opinions, and commentaries in nutrition related to public health. IJPHN publishes twice annually. Original manuscripts submitted to IJPHN must not contain material that has been published elsewhere except as an abstract only, published in a scientific meeting.
Arjuna Subject : Profesi Kesehatan - Profesi Kesehatan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 76 Documents
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Intermittent Fasting and Cardiometabolic Health in Adults with Obesity: A Scoping Review Siswati, Tri; Nugroho, Lathifa Zahra Putri; Gina, Natasya Nurul; Sitasari, Almira; Wijanarka, Agus
Indonesian Journal of Public Health Nutrition (IJPHN) Vol. 5, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Obesity is a significant global health challenge, with adverse impacts on cardiometabolic health such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance. One promising intervention in obesity management is intermittent fasting (PI). However, scientific evidence on the impact of IF on cardiometabolic health is still limited. This study used a scoping review design to evaluate the association between IF and cardiometabolic health in obese adults. Reference sources are available in English at least abstract between 2015–2023 as well as from PubMed and Google Scholar web sources. The search keywords on PubMed are "Adult AND intermittent fasting AND cardiometabolic" and on Google Scholar is "Intermittent fasting and cardiovascular relationships". A total of 6 articles were analyzed in this context presented in the form of tables including countries and authors, study design, participant characteristics, IF assessment on cardiometabolic states and their results. The study showed that IF methods such as Alternate Day Fasting (ADF), Time-Restricted Feeding (TRF), and the 5:2 method had different effects on cardiometabolic health. ADF is superior in weight loss, while TRF is more effective at lowering triglyceride levels. The 5:2 method showed a significant reduction in waist circumference and oxidative stress. The mechanism of IF benefits involves modulation of the gut microbiota and reduction of systemic inflammation. These results demonstrate the potential of IF as a non-pharmacological approach to manage obesity and its cardiometabolic complications. However, studies with large-scale trial designs and longer intervention durations are needed to develop standard guidelines and ensure the sustainability of IF benefits.
The Effect of Calisthenics Training on Estimated VO₂max Values in College Students Imran, Rayhan Amer; Triyanti, Triyanti; Sigit, Fathimah Sulistyowati; Kuswari, Mury
Indonesian Journal of Public Health Nutrition (IJPHN) Vol. 5, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Cardiorespiratory fitness (VO₂max) among university students is worryingly low, with more than 50% of students categorized as unfit (<41.7 mL/kg/min). This study was conducted to determine the effect of calisthenic training on estimated VO₂max values using a quasi-experimental study design on 21 male students of the Faculty of Public Health, University of Indonesia from August to October 2024. Subjects were divided into 2 groups: the intervention group (n=10) and the control group (n=11). The intervention group performed treatment in the form of calisthenics exercise for 40 minutes, and the control group received running exercise treatment for 20 minutes, with both exercises done twice a week for 4 consecutive weeks. Body weight, height, body mass index, estimated VO₂max values, body fat percentage, muscle mass, academic stress levels, sleep quality and macronutrient intake data were measured pre-and-post training and were analyzed using independent and dependent t-tests. The results showed a significant (p<0.05) difference in change on the average estimated VO₂max values between the intervention group (3.5 mL/kg/min) and the control group (11.4 mL/kg/min). It can be concluded that the changes in estimated VO₂max values were likely more effective in the running group compared to the calisthenics group.
Factors Related to the Incidence of Hypertension Among People Above 18 Years at The Cibatu Public Health Center, Bekasi Regency Azra, Verizka; Yustiyani, Yustiyani; Minsarnawati, Minsarnawati; Rosidati, Catur
Indonesian Journal of Public Health Nutrition (IJPHN) Vol. 5, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Hypertension is a non-communicable disease that still becomes a public health issue. The percentage of hypertension cases at Cibatu Public Health Center increased from 31.7% in 2021 to 37% in 2022. Based on a preliminary study, hypertension was found to be the most common non-communicable disease at Cibatu Public Health Center. This study aimed to identify factors associated with the incidence of hypertension among individuals aged 18 years and older at Cibatu Public Health Center, Bekasi Regency, in 2024.We conducted a cross-sectional study in May involving 121 respondents. This study used standardized questionnaires that had been validated in previous research, such as the IPAQ-SF and the 24-hour food recall form. The univariate results show that 43% of respondents have hypertension. Meanwhile, the results of the multivariate analysis show that age (p-value = 0.002; OR = 13.959), family history (p-value = 0.001; OR = 14.716), and obesity (p-value = 0.001; OR = 172.135) are associated with the incidence of hypertension. It is recommended for the community to maintain a healthy lifestyle and participate in hypertension prevention programs.
The Relationship between Ultra-Processed Food (UPF) Consumption, Sedentary Behavior, and Overweight Status among Students at SMAN 1 Tangerang, Banten, Indonesia Dzakya Azzahra, Husna; Elsa Fitri, Zenia; Arumsari, Imas
Indonesian Journal of Public Health Nutrition (IJPHN) Vol. 5, No. 2
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Abstract

Overweight is a condition where excess body fat accumulates, leading to increased risks of diseases such as heart disease, stroke, diabetes, hypertension, arthritis, and cancer. The prevalence of overnutrition in adolescents aged 16-18 years has been rising over the years, from 5.7% in 2013 to 9.5% in 2018. This study aims to analyze the relationship between Ultra-Processed Food (UPF) consumption and sedentary behavior on overweight status among students at SMAN 1 Tangerang. A cross-sectional design, data were collected through interviews with 114 respondents using the SQ-FFQ Ultra-Processed Food questionnaire and the Sedentary Behavior Questionnaire (SBQ), with quota sampling employed. The data was analyzed using univariate and bivariate (Fisher Exact test) analyses. The results showed that as many as 59.6% of respondents had over-nutrition status with the results of the analysis showing that there was no significant relationship between consumption of ultra-processed food and the incidence of over-nutrition status (p-value = 0.156). However, there is a significant relationship between sedentary activities and the incidence of excess nutritional status among students at SMAN 1 Tangerang (p-value 0.007).
Exploring the Non-Communicable Disease Burden in Indonesia – Findings from the 2023 Health Survey Rusyda, Akifa Laila
Indonesian Journal of Public Health Nutrition (IJPHN) Vol. 5, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

The present study rigorously examines the correlation between obesity, high-risk dietary consumption, and unhealthy lifestyles with the prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in Indonesia. The study employed a cross-sectional study design using secondary data from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey, analyzing 38 units (n) representing Indonesia's provinces in 2023. The correlation analysis, conducted using Pearson's test with a significance level of 95% (α<0.05), revealed significant regional disparities in the prevalence of NCDs, dietary consumption, and lifestyle factors across Indonesia. Moreover, the findings reveal a statistically significant positive correlation between obesity, high-risk food consumption, and lifestyle risk factors with the prevalence of several NCDs, including diabetes mellitus, heart disease, hypertension, and chronic kidney disease. These results underscore the potential impact of our research on public health in Indonesia. The results highlight also the urgent need for targeted public health initiatives, such as policies promoting healthier food choices, controlling the food environment, encouraging physical activity, and supporting smoking cessation to mitigate the growing burden of NCDs in Indonesia.
Perceived Benefits and Side Effect of High-Fiber, High-Protein Meal Replacements in Weight Loss Programs Nurwanti, Esti; Muhammad, Harry FL; Nurdin, Naufal M
Indonesian Journal of Public Health Nutrition (IJPHN) Vol. 6, No. 1
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Abstract

Obesity is a major risk factor for chronic diseases and early mortality. Although dietary counseling is essential in managing obesity, maintaining a calorie deficit and preventing weight regain remain difficult. Functional foods like high-protein, high-fiber meal replacements may enhance adherence and support weight loss. This randomized controlled trial evaluated the subjective outcomes of a weight loss program incorporating a protein- and fiber-enriched meal replacement among 73 overweight women aged 20–30 years. Participants were randomized to an intervention group (n=38), receiving dietary counseling plus one daily meal replacement, or a control group (n=35), receiving counseling alone. Both groups followed an 8-week calorie-restricted diet. Only 39 participants completed the study. The intervention group lost significantly more weight (-3.4 kg) compared to the control group (-2.4 kg), after adjusting for confounders (p=0.047). While perceived health benefits and challenges were similar across groups, more intervention participants reported reduced fatigue and greater ease in following the program. The most cited advantages of meal replacement were convenience, reduced hunger, easier intake tracking, and better bowel movements. Mild gastrointestinal symptoms, such as bloating and constipation, were noted in both groups. These findings suggest that high-protein, high-fiber meal replacements may offer a practical and acceptable aid in short-term weight loss efforts.
Proportion of Chronic Energy Deficiency in Relation to Macronutrient Intake and Other Determinants Among Pregnant Women in Selected Community Health Center Service Areas in Bogor 2025 Afliansa, Fathimah; Sartika, Ratu Ayu Dewi; Utari, Diah Mulyawati; Suparno, Suparno
Indonesian Journal of Public Health Nutrition (IJPHN) Vol. 6, No. 1
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Abstract

The prevalence of chronic energy deficiency (CED) among pregnant women in Indonesia remains relatively high, ranging from 11.6% to 57.6%. This study aimed to examine the differences in the proportion of CED based on macronutrient intake and related factors. The study used a quantitative cross-sectional design with secondary data involving 124 pregnant women in selected areas served by community health centers in Bogor City and Regency. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test. CED prevalence was 11.3% in the overall areas, with 10.9% in Bogor City and 11.7% in Bogor Regency. Significant differences in the CED proportion were found based on the consumption of side dishes (city area), pre-pregnancy BMI, anemia status, and supplementary food status (overall area). Pre-pregnancy undernutrition and anemia increased the risk of CED. However, the effect of side dish consumption in the city area was not strong. Strengthening the monitoring and optimization of nutritional status before conception, along with effective anemia prevention and management, are key strategies for preventing CED in pregnant women.
Determinants of Abdominal Obesity in Adults (19 – 44 Years Old) in Riau Islands Province (Analysis of SKI 2023 Data) Rachman, Hanifah Mulia; Triyanti, Triyanti; Sartika, Ratu Ayu Dewi; Djokosujono, Kusharisupeni
Indonesian Journal of Public Health Nutrition (IJPHN) Vol. 6, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Abdominal obesity is a condition characterized by excessive fat accumulation in the abdominal region, which can increases the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases. In 2023, Riau Islands Province recorded the highest prevalence of abdominal obesity in the island of Sumatra, at 42.5%. This study aimed to analyze the determinants of abdominal obesity among adults aged 19–44 years in Riau Islands Province based on gender, using secondary data from the 2023 Indonesia Health Survey (SKI). A total of 3,466 respondents were analyzed using chi-square tests and multiple logistic regression. The results showed that the prevalence of abdominal obesity was 38.3%, with a higher prevalence among women (54.7%) compared to men (24.6%). Among women, abdominal obesity was significantly associated with age, marital status, body mass index, and emotional mental disorders. Among men, significant factors included age, education level, marital status, consumption of fatty foods, sweet drinks, soft drinks, energy drink, and vegetable, smoking status, physical activity, and BMI (p < 0.05). The dominant factor associated with abdominal obesity was body mass index in both women (OR = 12.794) and men (OR = 11.581).
The Relationship Between Anemia, Chronic Energy Deficiency, Knowledge, and Other Factors and ANC Attendance Among Pregnant Women in Bogor City and Regency 2025 Chrisna, Winfried Ichtussend Hartnajaya; Sartika, Ratu Ayu Dewi; Rahmawati, Nurul Dina; Setiawan, Daden
Indonesian Journal of Public Health Nutrition (IJPHN) Vol. 6, No. 1
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Abstract

Antenatal Care (ANC) is a comprehensive health service to optimize pregnancy outcomes. In 2023 in Bogor City, the ANC K6 coverage rate has reached the target (98.63%), but this is not the case with the coverage in Bogor Regency (62.25%). ANC visits that do not reach the standard can be influenced by predisposing factors, supporting factors, and health needs factors. The inequality that occurs can hinder efforts to reduce maternal mortality. This study aims to determine the relationship between knowledge and other factors with ANC visits in Bogor City and Regency in 2025. This study is quantitative with a cross-sectional design on 124 pregnant women at the Semplak and Sindangbarang Health Centers and the Cibinong and Sukaraja Health Centers. The results of this study were analyzed using the chi-square test. This study found that 90% of mothers in the district and 80.9% of mothers in the city made ANC visits according to recommendations. The results of the chi-square test showed that there was a significant relationship between knowledge and ANC visits. Based on these results, it is recommended to optimize the knowledge and active participation of husbands and parents/in-laws/siblings to monitor the nutritional/health needs of pregnant women.
Analysis of Macronutrient Content, Antioxidant Activity, and Organoleptic Quality of Snack from Jackfruit Seed Flour (Artocarpus heterophyllus) and Pigeon Pea Flour (Cajanus cajanus) as a Snack for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Heni, Maya Siwi Tri Nugroho; Rafkhani, Tesa
Indonesian Journal of Public Health Nutrition (IJPHN) Vol. 6, No. 1
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Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and oxidative stress. Snack bars with functional ingredients such as legumes may help regulate blood glucose levels. Jackfruit seeds and pigeon peas are sources of protein, complex carbohydrates, and bioactive compounds. This study aimed to analyze macronutrient content, antioxidant activity, and organoleptic quality of jackfruit seeds and pigeon pea flour snack bars. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) one factor with two replications. The proportions of jackfruit seeds and pigeon pea flour are: F1 (30%:70%), F2 (40%:60%), F3 (50%:50%). Macronutrient content was analyzed using proximate analysis, antioxidant activity using the DPPH method, and organoleptic quality through a hedonic test. Macronutrient and antioxidant activity data were analyzed through descriptive analysis while organoleptic quality was analyzed by Kruskall-Wallis continued with Mann-Whitney. Best formulation determined with Multiple Attribute Decission Making (MADM). Results showed that F1 had the highest protein (23.86%) and the lowest carbohydrate (49.50%), F2 had the lowest energy (412.4 kcal/100g), while F3 had the lowest fat (12.95%) and the highest antioxidant activity (9.03%). F3 was the most preferred by panelists. The best snack bar was F3, with protein 15.98%, fat 12.95%, carbohydrates 58.30%, energy 413.7 kcal/100g, and antioxidant activity of 9.03%.

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