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Media Farmasi : Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi (Journal Of Pharmaceutical Science)
Published by Universitas Ahmad Dahlan
ISSN : 14127946     EISSN : 25035223     DOI : 10.12928
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Chemistry Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology
Media Farmasi is a scientific journal published by the University of Ahmad Dahlan worked closely with Ikatan Apoteker Indonesia (IAI). Media Farmasi published two times a year, namely in March and September since 2002 with ISSN 1412-7946 and e-ISSN 2503-5223. The article published in the Journal Media Farmasi selected by editors and reviewed by the reviewer. Articles published in Media Farmasi must not be published in other journals or have been previously published. Media Farmasi publishes a review article, original article, as well as short communication in all scopes of Pharmaceutical Science.
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Articles 455 Documents
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The Potential of Sugarcane Bagasse (Saccharum officinarum Linn.) as a Basic Ingredient for Making Cosmetics and Its Effectiveness as an Exfoliator and Skin Moisturizer Suhesti, Iin; Sari, Yunita Dian Permata; Oktofiani, Fauziyah; Janah, Aprillia Nurul
Media Farmasi: Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi Vol. 21 No. 1: March 2024
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/mf.v21i1.27915

Abstract

Sugarcane bagasse (Saccharum officinarum Linn.) contains most of the phenolic compounds including gallic acid, ferulic acid, epicatechin, quercetin, and kaempferol. Various phenolic compounds contained in sugarcane bagasse, especially phenolic acids, have important bioactivity for the cosmetics industry. The aim of this research is to determine the potential of sugarcane bagasse as an active ingredient in cosmetics and its effectiveness as an exfoliator and skin moisturizer. This research method is experimental, using sugarcane bagasse samples with concentrations of 1%, 3% and 5%. The results of phytochemical screening showed that sugarcane bagasse contains phenolic compounds, flavonoids and phytosterols. Based on the research results, sugarcane bagasse exfoliating gel at concentrations of 1%, 3%, and 5% increased skin tone respectively, namely 1.00 ± 0.67; 0.40±0.49; and 0.30 ± 0.39. Sugarcane bagasse moisturizing gel at concentrations of 1%, 3%, and 5% had a percent increase in skin water content, respectively, namely 6.92 ± 11.094; 2.72±10.21; and 3.36 ± 6.49. Based on SPSS analysis, it is known that variations in the concentration of bagasse extract and the time of use have a significant effect on increasing skin tone. Meanwhile, variations in the concentration of bagasse extract did not have a significant effect on increasing skin water content. However, the time of use has a significant effect on the increase in skin water content. So, it can be concluded that sugarcane bagasse extract has the potential to be an active ingredient in making cosmetics and is effective as an exfoliator and skin moisturizer.
Identification of Biomarker for Stunting Through Prioritization of Gene-Assosiated Variants Wibowo, Anisa Devi Kharisma; Puspitaningrum, Anisa Nova; Ma’ruf, Muhammad; Irham, Lalu Muhammad; Supadmi, Woro; Kartikasari, Ayu Lifia Nur; Adikusuma, Wirawan; Chong, Rockie; Firman, Firman; Nugraha, Media Fitri Isma Isma; Siswanto, Lalu Muhammad Harmain; Khairi, Sabiah; Pranata, Satria
Media Farmasi: Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi Vol. 21 No. 1: March 2024
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/mf.v21i1.28297

Abstract

Stunting is a condition of impaired growth and development in children due to chronic nutritional disorders or infections. The risk factor for stunting is dominated by disease during 1000 days of life. The incidence of stunting in Indonesia is 21.6%, according to the Indonesian Nutrition Status Survey (SSGI) results. This study aimed to identify stunting biomarkers based on the priority scoring of gene variants. Identification of stunting risk genes used the Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) approach and Haploreg v4.1. We found 33 genes that identifies as stunting risk gene. And then, we prioritize based on two functional annotation categories: missense-nonsense and cis-expression quantitative trait loci (cis-eQTL). Our analysis found 4 genes as biological stunting risk genes: MTRR, TTF1, CASP1, and CARD17. This research demonstrates the integration of genomic variants and bioinformatics approaches to reveal biological insights for stunting.
Optimization of Halal Capsule Shell Combination of Amylopectin of Cassava (Manihot esculenta) Pell and Caragenan of Euchema cottoni Pratiwi, Arika Putri; Nur Hazlia, Syarifah; Hartinah Yulianto, Siti; Shifa Syururin, Wakhidatus; Marfu'ah, Nurul
Media Farmasi: Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi Vol. 22 No. 2 (2025): September 2025
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/mf.v22i2.29640

Abstract

Gelatin, a primary material for capsule shells, is predominantly sourced from pigs, raising significant concerns regarding its halal status for Muslim consumers. Therefore, identifying halal and sustainable alternatives to gelatin is crucial for the pharmaceutical industry. This study aimed to formulate and evaluate halal capsule shell preparations combining amylopectin from cassava (Manihot esculenta) peel starch and carrageenan from Euchema cottoni. The research utilized an experimental quantitative design with five formulations (F1–F5) based on varying amylopectin: carrageenan concentrations, namely 0.5%:3% (F1), 1%:3% (F2), 1.5%:3% (F3), 0%:3% (F4), and 3%:0% (F5). The capsule shells were assessed through specification tests, water content, ash content, and disintegration time. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA in SPSS version 26.0 at a 95% confidence level. The results showed that all formulations met the standards for water content (20–60%), ash content (<5%), and disintegration time (<30 minutes) based on PT. Kapsulindo Indonesia and the Indonesian Pharmacopoeia. However, none of the formulations fully met the specifications for capsule body diameter, cap diameter, and total length, primarily due to manual molding limitations. Among the five formulations, F3 demonstrated the closest conformity to standard physical parameters. Statistical analysis indicated that variations in the concentration of cassava peel starch and Euchema cottoni carrageenan significantly influenced capsule shell specifications, moisture content, and disintegration time (p<0.05), while having no significant effect on ash content (p>0.05). In conclusion, the combination of cassava peel amylopectin and Euchema cottoni carrageenan shows promising potential as a halal and eco-friendly alternative to gelatin-based capsule shells. Further optimization using automated molding systems is recommended to achieve standardized dimensions for commercial application.
Association between Hormonal Contraceptive Use and Hypertension Risk among Reproductive-Age Women: A Cross-sectional Study at Cileungsi Public Health Center, Indonesia Nafara Maharani Itamy, Defa; Rahmi, Eldiza Puji; Luthfiyani Citra Pradana, Dhigna; Farida Muti, Annisa
Media Farmasi: Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi Vol. 22 No. 2 (2025): September 2025
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/mf.v22i2.31400

Abstract

Hypertension remains a major public health problem that may be influenced by hormonal contraceptive use, particularly oral and injectable methods commonly used by women of reproductive age. These contraceptives have raised concerns about their potential impact on blood pressure regulation. This study aimed to investigate the association between hormonal contraceptive use and the occurrence of hypertension among women of reproductive age at the Cileungsi Public Health Centre, Bogor Regency, Indonesia. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2024 using retrospectively collected medical record data of all hormonal contraceptive users at the facility. Total sampling was applied, and data on contraceptive type, duration of use, age, parity, and the most recent blood pressure readings were analyzed. The chi-square test was employed to examine associations between hormonal contraceptive characteristics and hypertension, with a significance level set at p < 0.05. The results revealed a significant association between contraceptive type and hypertension (p = 0.01, OR = 0.27), showing that users of oral contraceptive pills were more likely to develop hypertension than injectable users. Duration of use (p = 0.03, OR = 3.06), age (p = 0.04, OR = 0.12), and parity (p = 0.01, OR = 0.21) were also significantly associated with hypertension. Women aged ≥45 years, those with longer contraceptive use, and multiparous users exhibited a higher risk of elevated blood pressure. These findings highlight that both contraceptive-related and demographic factors contribute to hypertension risk among hormonal contraceptive users. Regular blood pressure monitoring and individualized counseling are essential, especially for oral and long-term users. This study contributes local evidence supporting safer contraceptive practices and cardiovascular risk management within primary healthcare settings.
Estimating the Economic Value and Determining Factors of Unused Medicines Among Households in Cibarusah District, Bekasi Regency Rozak, Abdul; Priyanto, Priyanto; Khaira Rusdi, Numlil
Media Farmasi: Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi Vol. 22 No. 2 (2025): September 2025
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/mf.v22i2.31418

Abstract

The accumulation of unused and expired medicines in households poses significant economic, health, and environmental challenges. This study aimed to estimate the economic value of unused medicines and identify factors contributing to their accumulation among households in the Cibarusah District, Bekasi Regency, Indonesia. A cross-sectional survey was conducted from May to June 2025 involving 354 households selected using a convenience sampling approach. Data were collected through structured, face-to-face interviews with validated questionnaires and analyzed descriptively using Microsoft Excel 2021 and SPSS version 29. Results showed that 71.5% of households stored unused medicines, representing an estimated total economic value of IDR 25,271,179, or an average loss of IDR 99,886 per household. Expired medicines accounted for 28.5% of all stored items, with a mean value of IDR 114,897 per household. Analgesics, antipyretics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and antigout agents were the most frequently stored drug classes (20.1%), followed by gastrointestinal medicines (15.2%). The primary reasons for medicine accumulation were recovery from illness (70.9%), drug ineffectiveness (15.8%), and expiration (28.5%). Most respondents were female (67.2%), aged 36–55 years, and had completed secondary education. When extrapolated to all 32,515 households in Cibarusah District, the potential economic loss due to unused medicines reached approximately IDR 1.18 billion. This study highlights the substantial economic burden associated with household medicine storage and the need for improved public awareness of rational medicine use. Strengthening educational programs, involving community pharmacists in household medicine management, and establishing structured medicine take-back systems are essential to reduce pharmaceutical waste and its economic impact. These findings contribute valuable local evidence to support national strategies for promoting sustainable and responsible medicine use in Indonesia.
Hylocereus polyrhizus Fruit Peel Extract as a Hepatoprotective Agent: Histopathological Profile Study in Rattus norvegicus Agustriangga, Muhammad Rafly; Wahdaningsih, Sri; Rizkifani, Shoma
Media Farmasi: Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi Vol. 23 No. 1 (2026): March 2026
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/mf.v23i1.29928

Abstract

Paracetamol overdose is a major cause of acute liver failure, necessitating the search for effective natural antidotes. The peel of Red Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) is an abundant agro-waste product rich in betacyanins and flavonoids, yet its potential as a sustainable hepatoprotective agent remains underexplored. This study aimed to valorize this waste product by evaluating the hepatoprotective activity of H. polyrhizus peel extract against paracetamol-induced liver injury in Wistar rats. Twenty-five male Wistar rats were divided into five groups: Negative Control, Positive Control (Paracetamol-induced), and three treatment groups pretreated with the extract (100, 200, and 300 mg/kg BW) for 7 days. Liver injury was assessed quantitatively based on necrosis, ballooning degeneration, and steatosis scores. The Positive Control group exhibited severe hepatocellular damage (p<0.05). However, pretreatment with the extract significantly attenuated this damage in a dose-dependent manner. The dose of 200 mg/kg BW demonstrated superior efficacy, restoring hepatic architecture to a state statistically comparable to the healthy control (p>0.05). The study confirms that H. polyrhizus peel extract effectively mitigates paracetamol toxicity, with 200 mg/kg identified as the optimal dose. This research contributes to the pharmaceutical field by providing scientific evidence for repurposing fruit peel waste as a potent, cost-effective, and eco-friendly source of hepatoprotective compounds.
Unveiling the Multitarget Anti-Aging Mechanisms of Andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium) Essential Oil through Integrated in Silico Network Pharmacology and Docking Analysis Yasir, Angga; Setiawan, Tirta; Harmiansyah, Harmiansyah
Media Farmasi: Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi Vol. 23 No. 1 (2026): March 2026
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/mf.v23i1.31437

Abstract

Research on natural anti-aging agents often encounters challenges due to the complex and multifactorial nature of skin-aging mechanisms, as well as the limited exploration of essential oils with multitarget actions. Addressing these gaps, this study aimed to elucidate the multitarget molecular mechanisms of andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium) essential oil against skin aging using an integrated in silico network pharmacology and molecular docking approach. The study identified three dominant bioactive compounds, geranyl acetate, citronellal, and citronellol acetate, through literature-based GC–MS data. Their potential protein targets were predicted via Swiss Target Prediction and compared with aging-related genes, followed by protein–protein interaction (PPI) analysis, hub gene identification, and pathway enrichment using STRING, Cytoscape, and Shiny GO platforms. Molecular docking was then conducted to validate the interactions of key compounds with the core proteins. The analysis revealed six central target genes (CDK1, CCND1, EGFR, SRC, GSK3B, and HDAC1) that regulate cell proliferation, adhesion, and epigenetic modification. Pathway enrichment indicated significant involvement in cell cycle, focal adhesion, and thyroid hormone signaling pathways. Docking simulations demonstrated stable ligand–protein interactions, with binding affinities ranging from −5.67 to −7.37 kcal/mol, particularly between geranyl acetate and CDK1 as well as citronellol acetate and CDK1. These findings provide comprehensive computational evidence that andaliman essential oil exerts anti-aging activity through simultaneous modulation of proliferative, adhesive, and epigenetic pathways. The results reinforce its potential application as a natural multitarget active ingredient for anti-aging cosmetic formulations, offering a molecular foundation for further experimental validation in biological models.
The Relationship Between Medication Compliance and Treatment Outcomes in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Patients at Pirngadi Hospital, Medan Rkt, Chairunnisa; Rinda Sari, Syilvi; Wahyuni, Sri; Sari Lubis, Minda
Media Farmasi: Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi Vol. 23 No. 1 (2026): March 2026
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/mf.v23i1.31534

Abstract

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) remains a major global health burden, ranking among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. In Indonesia, the increasing prevalence of COPD is closely linked to smoking behavior, air pollution, and low treatment adherence, which collectively diminish patients’ quality of life and treatment success. Despite various pharmacological advancements, non-adherence to prescribed medication regimens continues to impede optimal therapeutic outcomes. This study aims to analyze the relationship between medication adherence and therapeutic outcomes among outpatient COPD patients at Pirngadi Hospital Medan, as well as to identify factors contributing to non-adherence. The research adopts a quantitative correlational design with a cross-sectional approach, involving 70 respondents selected through quota sampling. Primary data were collected using structured questionnaires, including the General Medication Adherence Scale (GMAS) and the St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ). Data were processed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 25 and analyzed through univariate and bivariate (Chi-square) tests. The results revealed a significant relationship between medication adherence and therapeutic outcomes (p < 0.05). Patients with higher adherence levels demonstrated better treatment responses and higher health-related quality of life scores. The findings also indicate that smoking status, education level, and duration of illness significantly influence adherence behavior. In conclusion, strengthening patient adherence is essential to improving COPD management outcomes. The study contributes to clinical practice by emphasizing the integration of behavioral and educational interventions into pharmacological therapy. Its novelty lies in combining adherence measurement with quality-of-life assessment in an Indonesian hospital context, offering empirical evidence that supports the development of patient-centered, technology-assisted adherence monitoring systems.
Formulation and Evaluation of a Sunscreen Spray Containing Butterfly Pea Flower (Clitoria ternatea) Extract as a Natural Antioxidant Rudi Kusuma, Nyoman; Sulistyani, Nanik; Sugihartini, Nining
Media Farmasi: Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi Vol. 23 No. 1 (2026): March 2026
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/mf.v23i1.31747

Abstract

Butterfly pea flower (Clitoria ternatea) is rich in anthocyanins with recognized antioxidant activity; however, its application in spray-based sunscreen formulations and its effect on photoprotective performance remain insufficiently explored. This study aimed to formulate and evaluate a sunscreen spray containing butterfly pea extract (BPE) in combination with ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate and to determine the optimal extract concentration based on antioxidant activity, SPF value, and formulation stability. Five formulations were prepared: F0 (without BPE), F1 (0% BPE + 0.8% BHT), and F2–F4 containing 1%, 2%, and 3% BPE, respectively. Evaluations included DPPH radical scavenging activity, SPF determination, antibacterial testing, and physical quality assessment. The antioxidant activity of BPE in spray formulations showed moderate activity, with IC₅₀ values of 90.53±1.0, 87.50±1.9, and 86.94±1.4 μg/mL for 1%, 2%, and 3% concentrations, respectively, compared to 49.90±0.9 μg/mL for the pure extract. Although the antioxidant activity in formulations was lower than the pure extract due to dilution effects, increasing BPE concentration significantly improved SPF values (27.36±2.7; 29.42±1.1; 31.98±0.9; p<0.05). No significant difference was observed between 2% and 3% concentrations in both antioxidant and SPF evaluations. Therefore, 2% BPE was considered the optimal concentration, offering comparable efficacy with improved material efficiency for potential industrial production. All formulations met acceptable physical quality parameters, while antibacterial activity was not observed. This study demonstrates the feasibility of incorporating C. ternatea extract into sunscreen spray systems and provides a scientific basis for developing plant-based antioxidant-enhanced photoprotective formulations.
Evaluation of Black Garlic (Allium Sativum) as a Nephroprotective Agent in Gentamicin-Induced Renal Injury Mice Sukesih, Sukesih; Adevia Rosnarita, Intan; Wigati, Atun
Media Farmasi: Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi Vol. 23 No. 1 (2026): March 2026
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/mf.v23i1.31799

Abstract

Gentamicin is widely used for severe Gram‑negative infections but is limited by nephrotoxicity, often reflected by increased serum creatinine. To evaluate the dose‑dependent effect and safety profile of black garlic (Allium sativum) ethanol extract on serum creatinine in a gentamicin‑induced renal injury mouse model. An in vivo experimental study was conducted in 18 male Wistar mice allocated into six groups (n=3/group): negative control (vehicle), positive control (gentamicin vehicle), and four treatment groups (gentamicin plus black garlic extract at 25, 50, 100, and 400 mg/kg/kg body weight). Serum creatinine was measured at Day 0 (baseline), Day 5 (post‑induction), and Day 8 (post‑treatment) using the Jaffe kinetic method. One‑way ANOVA indicated a significant difference among groups (p<0.05). Post‑hoc analysis showed that 25 and 50 mg/kg/kg did not differ significantly from the control group (p>0.05). In contrast, 100 and 400 mg/kg/kg significantly increased serum creatinine (p<0.05). Black garlic ethanol extract showed a dose‑dependent pattern. Low doses (25–50 mg/kg/kg) were not statistically different from control, whereas higher doses (100–400 mg/kg/kg) were associated with increased creatinine, suggesting potential nephrotoxic effects at high doses. Mechanistic pathways require confirmation using histopathology and oxidative‑stress/inflammatory biomarkers.

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