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Jurnal KALAM
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung
ISSN : 08539510     EISSN : 25407759     DOI : -
Core Subject : Religion, Education,
Religion Education
KALAM (ISSN 0853-9510; E-ISSN: 2540-7759) is a journal published by the Ushuluddin Faculty, Raden Intan State Islamic University of Lampung, INDONESIA. KALAM published twice a year. KALAM focused on the Islamic studies, especially the basic sciences of Islam, including the study of the Qur’an, Hadith, Islamic Philosophy, Theology, and Mysticism. It is intended to communicate original research and current issues on the subject. This journal warmly welcomes contributions from scholars of related disciplines. Every article submitted and will be published by Kalam will review by two peer review through a double-blind review process. KALAM has been accredited by The Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, the Republic of Indonesia as an academic journal (SK Dirjen PRP Kemenristekdikti No. 1/E/KPT/2015).
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 200 Documents
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Comparing the Concept of Ideal State Through the Lens of al-Farabi’s and Augustine’s Perspectives Sudarman, Sudarman
KALAM Vol 14 No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Ushuluddin and Religious Study, Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24042/klm.v14i1.3797

Abstract

This research is a comparative analysis over the concept of an ideal state according to the perspective of a Muslim philosopher, Al-Farabi and that of a Christian philosopher, Augustine. It is an interfaith study that is based on a library research. The main data are collected through the book of Arā 'Ahl al-Madīnah al-Fādilah by al-Farabi and The City of God, by Agustinus, before they are analyzed with a hermeneutic approach. It argues that there are some similarities between Al-Farabi’s and Augustine's thoughts on the concept of ideal state, as well as a few differences. According to al-Farabi, an ideal state is the one that is led by a prophet or a philosopher, because, like the heart in a human body, the leader occupies a central position and is highly decisive. An ideal state according to Augustine refers to the concept of the city of God or the heavenly city, which is resided by innocent people, or sinners who have received God’s repentance. In this regards, the opposite of the City of God is the City of Man, in which all sinners are living their lives.
Toward Theology of Science: Philosophical Reflection On The Development Of Religion-Based Science Muslih, Mohammad
KALAM Vol 13 No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Ushuluddin and Religious Study, Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24042/klm.v13i1.3953

Abstract

The relationship between science and religion is one of the issues that has not been resolved completely until now. Although some universities in Indonesia and even Malaysia have developed academic traditions with the paradigm of integration of science, they still leave a fundamental problem related to aspects of scientific science developed with religion. To meet scientific and objective criteria, science must avoid the element of subjectivity of scientists, and eliminate the intersubjectivity of tradition and culture. This paper will analyze, especially to emphasize the position of philosophy in the development of religion-based science, as well as reflection for the development of philosophical sciences. This paper will discuss two main problems, the investigation of the religious dimension for science, and the role of religion-based science development for the development of philosophical sciences. The study found that in addition to the theoretical framework and scientific paradigm, there is one more thing that cannot be left behind in the process of developing science, namely the theological assumptions or theological dimensions of science. So that the basis of the development of science not only consists of theories and paradigms, but also theological assumptions. This article concludes that the theological dimension allows for the development of religion-based science.
Epistemology of Reconstruction of Prophetic Thinking Methodology In The View of Musa Asy'arie Zaprulkhan, Zaprulkhan
KALAM Vol 13 No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Ushuluddin and Religious Study, Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24042/klm.v13i1.3978

Abstract

Prophet Muhammad besides being a leader and statesman, he was also a great thinker. Aside from being a master educator, he was also a rational-transcendental thinker. But not many of us are able to see the Prophet Muhammad in the aspect of his thinking. In the perspective of Musa Asy’arie, the most important aspect for us to emulate in the Prophet Muhammad is his aspect of thought. When we are able to emulate the dimensions of the Prophet's thinking, we will be able to apply the method of prophetic thinking. This paper raises several epistemological questions: What is the meaning of prophetic thinking? How is the epistemology of reconstruction prophetic thinking in the perspective of Musa Asy’arie? This study uses philosophical and historical approach. It is found that in the view of Musa Asy’arie prophetic thinking is transcendental rational thinking by uniting between aspect rational and spiritual aspects. While the epistemology of prophetic thinking is a systemic integrative thinking process between transcendental awareness and scientific methodological and technological thinking in order to find God's laws that can produce knowledge, science and technology. This paper will elaborate epistemology of reconstruction of prophetic thinking metodology in the view of Musa Asy’arie.
Radicalism in Islam: The Politicization of The Mahdawiyah Hadith Among The Mahdi Movement Muqtada, Muhammad Rikza
KALAM Vol 13 No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Ushuluddin and Religious Study, Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24042/klm.v13i1.4069

Abstract

Mahdism, or the belief in the resurrection of the eschatological figure of the Mahdi remains important in Islam today. This belief, legitimated by the mahdawiyyah hadith, has allowed many individuals throughout Islamic histories to claim themselves to be the Mahdi, as well as to carry out a radical strand of Islamic movement in order to support their claim. Using a historical method, this paper studies the history and development of mahdism, along with their interpretationof the mahdawiyah hadith; and analyzes the connection of such interpretation with the rise of religious radicalism. The study argues, mahdism is linked to the practices of millenarianism, formerly existed in Jewish and Christian theology. The emergence of mahdism related to the political conflict during the power transition from the Umayyad to the Abbasid dynasty. Yet, the rise of the Mahdi movement found its support from the mahdawiyyah Hadith, which are interpreted in such a way as to legitimize the radical-subversive movement of the mahdi’s leaders, enabling mahdism to develop, ideologically, as a radical movement. This study concludes that mahdism is at once a religious and political movement aiming to bring back the glory of Islam. Religion becomes a legitimate and effective ideological framework of a political mission.
The History of Al-Maturidy Theology In The Volga Region Adygamov, Ramil
KALAM Vol 13 No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Ushuluddin and Religious Study, Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24042/klm.v13i1.4076

Abstract

Al-Maturidy theology has been considered as a traditional creed for many regions in the world, including Volga region of Russia. Throughout the Soviet period, Muslims in Volga were forced to practice their religion in secretive manner, which eventually caused an interruption in the chain of spiritual continuity. But, after the collapse of the Soviet Union, Muslims in Volga started to return to their ethno-confessional tradition. At the same time, the theological tradition had to compete with the Salafi ideology which begun to arrive in the region from abroad. As such has triggered the Muslim proponents of Maturidy traditions to reclaim their heritage. This study aims at tracing the historical process of the origin and development of Maturidy thought in the Volga-Ural region. It uses descriptive and comparative methods and the theory of continuity and changes. Observing the chronological sequence, the study traces the process of the origin and development of Maturidy ideology. The chronological scope of this study is limited by the period from the tenth century until our time. The study reveals that the al-Maturidy's teachings in the region for all periods of historical development have experienced five periods. Three periods show a rapid development stage and two periods experience a decline.
Cosmological Dimensions in The Teachings of The Naqshabandi Sufi Order Burhanuddin, Nunu; Syihab, Usman
KALAM Vol 13 No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Ushuluddin and Religious Study, Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24042/klm.v13i2.4548

Abstract

In general, studies about tariqa have put more emphasis on aspects related to ritual teachings and spiritual experience of the Sufi leaders. Little has been studied so far about how teachings of a Sufi order are related to cosmological concepts. This paper aims to analyze the cosmological concepts that are taught in the teachings of the Naqshbandi Sufi order in the district of Pauh, the city of Padang, West Sumatera. Data for this research are gathered through interviews, observation and documentation. These data are then analyzed with content analysis method. The research find that the Naqshbandi order perceives the notion of sharia as one that is intimately related with divine revelation and the universe’s law of order, a holistic approach that regards deeds of a sālik (a Sufi traveler) as part of the cosmic order. The existing seven types of sharia law outline seven layers of heaven and earth. Thus, a mystic attainment of martabah hakikat (degree of reality) represents seven layers of heaven and earth, which are manifested through amaliah lathāif (inner ‘worship’ rituals) - all of which are attributed to internal parts of the human soul, such as brain, heart, spleen, liver, lungs and all internal parts of the human physical body. Within the Naqshbandi Sufi order, all sālik aredevised to be able to attain close relationship with God, and to become an imagery of human’s mystical potentials in their everyday lives’ activities.
Verbal Violence in Sunni-Shia Debate: Al-Munazarāt Baina Fuqahā' al-Sunnah wa Fuqahā' al-Syi'ah Book Study Zamzam, Zamzam; Habib, Habib; Al-Hassy, Moh. Ali Qorror
KALAM Vol 13 No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Ushuluddin and Religious Study, Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24042/klm.v13i2.4674

Abstract

Sunni – Shia polemic becomes issues depict the debate in Islamic discourse. Even though it starts from political issue, while in its progress meddling in theology area to justify the truth of each other. In this context, verbal violence often occurs to attack, hurt, insult, or weaken the opponent. This paper will discuss verbal violence in the Sunni – Shia polemic as has been written in al-Munazarat baina Fuqaha' as-Sunnah wa Fuqaha' asy-Syi'ah book. The paper focuses on discussing the form and the factor behind these violences. The study is conducted using qualitative descriptive analysis method. The research result shows that the verbal violence found in the text quite varied, which are verbal violence in the form of satire, accuse or defame, mock, intimidate, curse, and threaten. Factors that cause violence also vary. However, the main factor of verbal violence is when the speaker is carried away by the critical situation of the debate. Other influencing factor is the speaker feels proud of himself or group, disappointed, hatred, and power relation. This article concludes that verbal violence can be found in debate on Islamic religious discourse.       
Al-attas' Concept of Reality: Empirical and Non-Empirical Zarkasyi, Hamid Fahmy; Arroisi, Jarman; Salim, Mohammad Syam’un; Taqiyuddin, Muhammad
KALAM Vol 13 No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Ushuluddin and Religious Study, Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24042/klm.v13i2.5075

Abstract

The concept of 'reality' is one of the most debatable discourse by philosophers, especially between Western and Islamic philosophers. One of Muslim philosophers’ criticism which addressed to Western philosophy is their tendency to restrict the  only meaning of reality to empirical beings. That makes metaphysical beings like truth (haqīqah), reason (‘aql), revelation (wahy), also God to be reduced merely as ‘concept’ (grand narrative). Therefore, this paper would like to examine the Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas’ thought on ‘reality’. This study focuses on the classification of reality and the relationship between physical and metaphysical reality. This philosophical study was carried out with a descriptive and critical-analysis method among al-Attas' works. This study conclude that reality is not restricted to merely rational-empirical beings; but further to the metaphysical reality that affirms the existence of God and its relationship with nature and humans are also examined in it. This study concludes that reality; both physical and metaphysical are actually classified as objects of knowledge, which imply to the perception of human judgment on the 'truth value' of a being.
The Radical Islamic Movement in Indonesia: Roots and Factors Ansori, M. Afif
KALAM Vol 13 No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Ushuluddin and Religious Study, Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24042/klm.v13i2.5251

Abstract

Radicalism has become one of the recent world problems faced by many countries, including Indonesia. The radical movement in this country is growing rapidly, especially after the reformation era. The spirit of democracy has provided opportunities for radical Islamic groups to express their beliefs openly and use religious symbols in their religious and social movements. This article aims to analyze the historical roots of radicalism in Indonesia and the factors that influence it. This article uses descriptive qualitative methods. The results of the study indicate that the radical movement in Indonesia can be traced from the tendency of groups trying to realize the Islamic State system (the khilafah) in Indonesia. This tendency can be found in several radical groups such as Darul Islam (DI/TII), Jama'ah Islamiyah, Hizb ut-Tahrir Indonesia (HTI), Laskar Jihad, Laskar Jundullah, Laskar Fisabilillah, Islamic Defender Fronts (FPI), and Preparatory Committee for the Application of Islamic Sharia (KPPSI). The study concludes that radicalism in Indonesia is the response of Muslims to the social, economic, and political conditions of Muslims in Indonesia.
Modern Islam, Politics, and the Making of Religious Commodification Among Female Members of Majelis Taklim Circle in Bandar Lampung, Indonesia Mulyadi, Mulyadi; Jauhari, Tontowi; Hidayat, Mansur; Sugiono, Arif
KALAM Vol 14 No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Ushuluddin and Religious Study, Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24042/klm.v14i2.5606

Abstract

Despite the common belief in society about the declining fate of religion in time of modernity, everyday behaviors of religious societies have shown that religion has been increasingly commodified for political purposes. This article aims to study the ways in which modernity has enabled the dynamic use of religious commodification in political sectors.  Its main question is how political leaders have used religious doctrines, values, and symbols for gaining their electoral supports. Data of this research is collected through surveys among female Muslim members of Islamic learning circles (majelis taklim) in Bandar Lampung, the biggest city in the province of Lampung, where religious learning circles have increasingly flourished in the last few years. This research finds out ample evidence showing the significant influences of modernization and commodification of religion in determining political behaviors of the female members of Islamic learning circles. Modernization in the context of this research is defined as knowledge, urbanization, increased income, technological progress, social norms, social interaction, social institutions, and  commodification of religion is identified as the acts of making religious teachings and activities as a commodity, empirically manifested in the form of transforming social relations into economic relations (relation oriented for economic interests, materialization of a thing spiritual).

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