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Jurnal KALAM
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung
ISSN : 08539510     EISSN : 25407759     DOI : -
Core Subject : Religion, Education,
Religion Education
KALAM (ISSN 0853-9510; E-ISSN: 2540-7759) is a journal published by the Ushuluddin Faculty, Raden Intan State Islamic University of Lampung, INDONESIA. KALAM published twice a year. KALAM focused on the Islamic studies, especially the basic sciences of Islam, including the study of the Qur’an, Hadith, Islamic Philosophy, Theology, and Mysticism. It is intended to communicate original research and current issues on the subject. This journal warmly welcomes contributions from scholars of related disciplines. Every article submitted and will be published by Kalam will review by two peer review through a double-blind review process. KALAM has been accredited by The Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, the Republic of Indonesia as an academic journal (SK Dirjen PRP Kemenristekdikti No. 1/E/KPT/2015).
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 200 Documents
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Religious Contestation in Rural Area Cigugur Kuningan West Java, Indonesia Aripudin, Acep
KALAM Vol 14 No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Ushuluddin and Religious Study, Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24042/klm.v14i2.7231

Abstract

Religious harmony has become a fundamental challenge in a pluralistic society like Indonesia. Although this diversity has in many ways created space for cooperation, interfaith competition remains open and prone to conflict. This article discusses religious competition at the foot of Mount Ciremai, a small town in Kuningan, West Java, among Islam, Catholic and Madraism (a local syncretic religious stream). This research is a qualitative descriptive study. The study finds out that the competition began since early 20th century. This happened in order to maintain the existence and religious identity of each group. However, these tensions have recently begun to melt away and a space for dialogue and cooperation between adherents of the three religions and beliefs has begun to develop. Several factors that influence this change include the openness of each adherent, interfaith marriage, and political aspirations.
Controversial Issues in Enforcement of Human Right Between Islam and West Ansori, Isa; ., Fauzan
KALAM Vol 16 No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Ushuluddin and Religious Study, Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24042/klm.v16i2.7353

Abstract

Controversy over several human rights issues between Islamic and Western human rights activists is still happening. Some of the controversial issues that are often be debated are Qiṣāṣ, Ḥudūd, and women's rights. The question in this research is how human rights activists from both Muslim and Western view the practice of implementing Qiṣāṣ, Ḥudūd, and women's rights in the Muslim world. This paper focuses on describing the controversy between Muslim and Western human rights activists in upholding human rights especially related to the Qisas, Hudud, and women's rights issues. This is library research with a qualitative descriptive method. Data were analyzed using the inductive method. The results of the research showed that according to Western human rights activists, the enforcement of Islamic law in these three issues is contrary to the human rights values which are universally recognized. Meanwhile, in addressing these issues Muslim human rights activists are divided into two groups. The first is the textual group. This group views the necessity to apply Islamic law exactly as stated in the al-Qur'an and Hadith texts. Second, a group that is more moderate and even liberal. This group sees the need to reinterpret the text of the Koran and Hadith to make it more in line with the development of civilization. However, the two groups of Islamic human rights activists agree that Islamic law respects protects, and upholds human rights.
The Concept of 'Ana' According to Badiuzaman Said Nursi and Contemporary Psychological Discussion Arroisi, Jarman; Yuwanda, Netty
KALAM Vol 14 No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Ushuluddin and Religious Study, Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24042/klm.v14i2.7365

Abstract

This article examines the concept of "Ana or ego" in Badiuzzaman Said Nursi's psychological thinking as a form of offering to the contemporary psychological problem of "narcissism" which has been in the spotlight of the wider community. From this study, it is found that the "concept of Ana or ego" seen through the paradigm of harfi encourages humans to have a complete understanding of the existence of themselves and God who is Almighty Nurturing and Powerful. Individuals who can reflect the partial nature of the attributes of Allah the Almighty are very good attitudes. From this attitude, a person can put himself in his proper place as a servant and can know his God as the Creator of nature. On the other hand, if the understanding of "the concept of Ana or ego" is seen through the ismi paradigm, it will have implications for a form of wrong understanding which results in zero knowledge of the real existence of oneself, which leads to narcissism. With the descriptive analysis method, the study of "the concept of Ana or ego" which is understood through this paradigm of harfi is an antidote to the problem of the spread of narcissism in society. The paradigm of harfi which is used by Said Nursi in seeing the concept of Ana or ego can guide a person to the correct understanding of tauhid. Who can control one's Ana or ego the ability of a person to control the ego is a necessity that must be owned and achieved so that each individual can give birth to al-Aklaq al-Karimah.
Disruption and Incommensurability Among Thomas S. Kuhn’s Paradigms Anas, Mohamad
KALAM Vol 15 No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Ushuluddin and Religious Study, Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24042/klm.v15i1.7380

Abstract

This paper specifically looks at the implications of Thomas S. Kuhn's ideas regarding the distinction between context of justification and context of discovery in the emergence of science. Kuhn's thesis is that science is not only formed from the context of justification, but the context of discovery (history) must also be considered. The method of research is an in-depth interpretation towards the relevance text to the research and then the author applies analytical method to examine certain terms objectively. The author also applies historical method to see the historical aspects of a thought and finally applies the heuristic method to obtain the novelty of a work. The results of the study indicate that by considering the context of invention of science, Kuhn is in fact trapped in an epistemological relativism. Kuhn's main weakness is the absolute and extreme discontinuity among competing paradigms due to his main idea of the incommensurability paradigm, that is, it is impossible to compare one paradigm to another. In this short article the author mutually analyses Kuhn's ideas with critical method. Finally, the author notes that special nature of such paradigms socially and culturally does not create a relative gap necessarily. However, it should be a capital of conversation and dialogue across cultures and civilizations.
Radicalism and Religious Texts Understanding Haidary, Abdullah Haq Al; Fauzi, Ahmad; Taufiq, Muhammad
KALAM Vol 14 No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Ushuluddin and Religious Study, Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24042/klm.v14i2.7454

Abstract

This research is a response to radical thinking in the name of religion. Some radical groups use the arguments of the religious text as reinforcements for acts of terrorism that have spread in several areas. This paper aims to dismantle the methodology of interpreting the verses of the al-Qur’an which are often used as justification for violence in the name of religion. This research is a qualitative research and this type of research is literature research by discussing books, both from primary and secondary books related to the theme being studied. The steps in this research are to explain the meaning and history of radicalization and deradicalization, collect verses of the Qur’an that are often interpreted radically, and explain the misinterpretations that have been widely politicized towards radical thinking. This article finds that there are two things that cause radicalism. first, there is a reduction in religious understanding due to ignorance and an incomplete understanding of religious texts. second, textual-normative understanding of religious texts. This article concludes that understanding religious texts (al-Qur'an and Hadith) requires a strong scientific basis. Radicalism arises because of the textual-normative method of understanding that often loses the substance of the text. As a result, his religious understanding becomes counter-productive to the spirit of Islam which is rahmatan lil alamin. 
Islam and Local Culture: The Practice of Hippun Tradition Among the Lampungnese Muslims Badi'ah, Siti; Ruslan, Idrus; Huzaimah, Siti
KALAM Vol 15 No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Ushuluddin and Religious Study, Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24042/klm.v15i1.8464

Abstract

Although relation between Islam and culture has been a subject of many studies, our understanding of it is still problematic. Islam and local culture are often seen as two separated entities. In reality however, many local customs practiced by Muslim societies are loaded with values of Islamic teachings. Hippun, a tradition practiced by local Muslims in Lampung, South Sumatera, is the case in point. While Hippun is arguably rich with Islamic values, many people considered it as not Islamic. In order to enlighten the controversy, this paper is aimed at exploring the practice of Hippun tradition as well as examining its contribution to the development of Islamic moral values in Lampung societies. Based on a qualitative and descriptive research, this paper finds out that Hippun tradition consists of four processes, namely, Buwarah, Hippun Muari, Hippun Pemekonan, and Adat Hippun. During these processes a collection of rituals such as vocalizing shalawat, reciting Yasin verses from the Qur’an, prayer chanting, and incense burning was carried out. Hippun has contributed to the spread and maintenance of Islamic and social values such silaturahmi (sociability), brotherhood, musyawarah (deliberation), and social integration. It finally concludes that Hippun is a testament to the existence of acculturation between Islam and local culture in Lampung societies.
Mustofa Azami’s Criticism of Joseph Schacht’s Thoughts on Hadits Isnaeni, Ahmad; Mukri, Moh.; Muhsin, Masrukhin; Susanto, Is
KALAM Vol 15 No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Ushuluddin and Religious Study, Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24042/klm.v15i1.8680

Abstract

Joseph Shacht a theory developer of the origin of hadits developed by Goldziher. The study of sanad has become a central topic that has received more attention. Some of the theories developed by Schacht lead to doubts about the authenticity of the hadits sanad. Sanad is only made by people who lived later and then leaned on to an authoritative figure to seek its legality. The results of this scientific work received criticism from Azami by bringing other evidence to rely on. The claim to the correctness of Schacht's theory is then considered not objective in terms of scientific truth standards. Some of the problems above are the focus of the study in this study, based on critical analysis methods and historical approaches. The result of the research is that the Sunnah is an expression, habit and way of life even though at that time the habits agreed by the community then relied on the Prophet. The more complete the series of sanads, as an indication, the further away from the Prophet's life. Sanad as a basis for dating a hadits. Even the appearance of sanad was earlier than the hadits editorial. Schacht based the development of the hadits sanad study through the theory of back projection and common link. Azami's criticism of Schacht's theory is as a baseless scientific lie. These theories stand on some of Schacht's misunderstanding of the theory and terms formulated by hadits scholars. Schacht's theory of the Sunnah also contradicts the historical realities prevailing in the early Islamic world.
Islamic Cosmology in Seyyed Hossein Nasr, Zaghloul al-Najjar, and Nidhal Guessoum’s Perspective Santi, Selvia
KALAM Vol 16 No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Ushuluddin and Religious Study, Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24042/klm.v16i2.8688

Abstract

The development of modern science not only provides an influence in terms of the development of science and technology scientifically but also gets a response from academicians who tried to integrate religion and science. Specifically in this study, the focus of the discourse is directed at the field of cosmology. When interpreted by Islamic thinkers such as Seyyed Hossein Nasr, Zaghloul Al-Najjar, and Nidhal Guessoum, cosmology has added the term to Islamic cosmology. The archeological and genealogical theories of Michel Foucault used in this study attempt to explore further the course of Islamic cosmological discourse developed by the three figures. Archeological and genealogical theories seek the genealogical thinking of those three figures. So, we could find the pattern in every methodology they used and the people who influenced them. The research results show that Islamic cosmology discourse is one of the efforts to Islamize science that is unprecedented in the development of Islamic civilization.
Al-Ghazali’s Qur’anic Sufi Hermeneutics: Study on the Story of Abraham In Search of God Habib, Habib; Shabir, Muslich
KALAM Vol 15 No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Ushuluddin and Religious Study, Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24042/klm.v15i2.9523

Abstract

The existence of hermeneutics in the Islamic world, especially in the interpretation of the Qur’an is quite problematic. Some Muslim scholars consider hermeneutics to be inapplicable in interpreting the Qur'an. moreover, historically hermeneutics has a close relationship with the tradition of biblical understanding. However, al-Ghazali in his book Jawāhir-ul Qur'ān has introduced hermeneutics-based ta'wil. This article aims to discuss the concept of the Qur’anic sufi hermeneutics developed by Imam Al-Ghazali. This study is a library research with deductive method. The research data were analyzed using Edward Husserl's phenomenology investigation to highlight the illumination of al-Ghazali's method to reach the essence of the text. The results of the study found that the discovery of the essence of the text can be achieved by mystical intuition rather than categorical intuition. Al-Ghazali asserts that individuals who seek the spiritual path are endowed with mystical intuitive abilities. Therefore, mystical experiences and spiritual readers help to uncover the hidden layers and meanings of the Qur'an. As indicated in his interpretation of Q.S al-An'am: 76-78 about Abraham's contemplation when seeking the essence of God. According to al-Ghazali, it shows how Ibrahim uses a higher faculty than the cognitive faculties of sensory perception, creativity and reason. His interpretation of Surah al-An'am relies solely on mystical intuition and cannot be understood by anyone who is not inclined towards such an interpretation.
Dimensions of Islamization in the Development of Science Muslih, Mohammad; Perdana, Martin Putra; Sutoyo, Yongki
KALAM Vol 16 No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Ushuluddin and Religious Study, Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24042/klm.v16i1.9888

Abstract

Scientific problems are indeed an interesting issue to be researched. Moreover, seeing the development of science globally in the West is not based on God’s revelation and guidance. Although this knowledge can then produce technology that facilitates human life’s affairs, this convenience is accompanied by nature exploitation and destructive moral degradation. This Western view of life is certainly not compatible with the monotheistic Islamic point of view. Given the differences in seeing reality and truth, scientific studies need to be reconstructed and linked to religion as a form of applicative integrative method that does not place religion as a foreign matter in science. In response, Muslim scholars offered alternative ideas in a discourse on the integration of religion and science called the Islamization of contemporary science. With the critical analysis method, the authors sought to reveal the dimensions of Islamization that could touch the root of the science problem (epistemological) and answer the scientific development problems. Islamization is expected to be a universal framework that not only can be used by Muslims but also non-Muslims.

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