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INDONESIA
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Published by Kementerian Pertanian
ISSN : 23561297     EISSN : 25287222     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Engineering,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar (JTIDP) published by Indonesian Center for Estate Crops Research and Development is a peer-reviewed and open access journal that publishes significant and important research from area of agricultural science on industrial and beverage crops.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 407 Documents
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Formula Pupuk Berimbang Tanaman Lada di Lampung Bambang Eka Tjahjana; Usman Daras; Nana Heryana
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 3, No 3 (2012): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v3n3.2012.p239-244

Abstract

Rendahnya produktivitas lada di Lampung disebabkan antara lain belum dilakukannya budidaya yang optimal terutama dalam penggunaan pupuk. Rekomendasi pemupukan yang bersifat umum telah tersedia, tetapi banyak pekebun lada yang tidak mengikuti rekomendasi pemupukan yang sudah ada. Untuk mendapatkan dosis pemupukan yang optimal untuk tanaman lada diperlukan identifikasi karakter wilayah pengembangan. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Cahaya Negeri, Lampung, yang bertujuan mendapatkan formula pupuk NPK berimbang untuk menghasilkan data pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman lada secara optimal. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah petak terpisah (split plot design), dengan petak utama adalah formula pupuk NPK, yaitu 1)15:15:15, 2) 12:12:17, dan 3) 12:8:20; sedangkan sebagai anak petak adalah takaran pupuk, yaitu  1) 1.000, 2) 1.300, dan 3) 1.600 g/pohon/thn, serta diulang 3 kali. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap jumlah cabang (sulur), jumlah daun/cabang, jumlah buku/sulur, tinggi tanaman, tinggi tajuk, jumlah cabang sekunder, diameter tajuk, panjang buku, panjang dan lebar daun, jumlah malai/cabang, berat buah/pohon, berat butir/pohon, panjang malai, jumlah buah jadi/malai dan berat buah 1000 butir, serta status hara tanah dan jaringan tanaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat interaksi yang nyata antara formula dengan dosis pupuk pada pertumbuhan vegetatif tanaman lada. Indeks pertumbuhan tanaman lada tertinggi 168,13 terjadi pada formula NPK 12:12:17 pada dosis pupuk 1.600 g/pohon/th. Produksi buah per pohon (3.707,50 g) dan berat kering butir per pohon (1.046,75 g) tertinggi pada formula NPK 12:12:17 dengan dosis 1.600 g/pohon/th.  Balanced Fertilizer Formula for Black Pepper Cultivation in LampungABSTRACT Improper cultural practices applied by farmers in black pepper cultivation are believed to be the main constraint resulting low in its productivity. Fertilizer use is often to be major factor contributing to low yield as the crop are mostly grown in infertile soils. Though there is available general recommendation of fertilizer for the crops, but many farmers might not adopt the technology due to various reasons. When the price of black pepper is low, the existing prices of fertilizers are too expensive for farmers, so that they do not use fertilizers adequately for the crops or few if any. To obtain an optimal dose of fertilizer use, it is then needed identification of characters areas on which the crop is grown. A research was conducted in Cahaya Negeri Research Station, Lampung. The research aimed to obtain balanced NPK fertilizer formula giving optimal growth and yield of black pepper. A split plot design with three replications was used. The main plot was formula fertilizers (F): 1) NPK (15:15:15), 2) NPK (12:12:17), and 3) NPK (12:8:20); and the subplot was the dose of fertilizer (D): 1) 1.000 g/tree/yr, 2) 1.300 g tree/yr, and 3) 1.600 g/tree/yr. Parameters observed were the number of branches, the number of leaves/branches, the number of internode/vine, plant height, canopy height, the number of secondary branches, canopy diameter, the length of internode, leaf length, leaf width, the number of spike/branches, fruit weight/tree, grain weight/plant, spike length, fruit set/spike and 1.000 grain weight of pepper berry, and nutrient status of soil and plant tissue. The results show that there was no significant interaction noted between the formula and dose of fertilizers on the vegetative growth of black pepper. The highest growth index (168.130) was obtained on plants treated with added NPK 12:12:17 of 1.600 g/tree/year. The highest of yield and dry weight of pepper berry, 3.707.50 and 1.046.75 g/tree/yr respectively, were found on those ones treated with 1.600 g NPK 12:12:17/tree/year.
Pengaruh Perlakuan Benih dan Media Tanam untuk Meningkatkan Vigor Bibit Kakao Hibrida Baharudin Baharudin; Rubiyo Rubiyo
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 4, No 1 (2013): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v4n1.2013.p27-38

Abstract

Bibit dengan vigor tinggi proses metabolik yang diperlukan untuk pertumbuhan menjadi aktif sehingga menghasilkan tanaman kakao dengan mutu fisiologis, fisik dan patologis yang baik. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh antara perlakuan benih dengan menggunakan matriconditioning plus agens hayati dan media tanam untuk meningkatkan kesehatan dan vigor bibit kakao hibrida. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Induk Benih Pusat Penelitian Kopi dan Kakao Indonesia Jember, Laboratorium Benih IPB, Laboratorium dan Rumah Kaca Mikrobiologi Balai Penelitian Bioteknologi Perkebunan Indonesia Bogor, pada bulan Juli 2009 sampai April 2010. Penelitian terdiri atas dua faktor dengan Rancangan Acak Kelompok. Faktor pertama adalah perlakuan benih dan faktor kedua adalah media tanam. Penelitian menggunakan benih kakao dari hasil persilangan buatan antara UIT 1 x Sca 6. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa benih kakao hibrida yang diperlakukan dengan matriconditioning + agens hayati dan ditanam dalam media tanah, pasir, dan kompos (2:1:1) + agens hayati, memiliki pertumbuhan tinggi bibit, bobot kering akar, bobot kering bibit, serta kandungan N dan P pada daun yang lebih tinggi. Benih yang diperlakukan dengan matriconditioning + agens hayati menghasilkan pertumbuhan jumlah daun, diameter batang, luas daun, dan panjang akar yang lebih tinggi. Perlakuan media tanah, pasir, dan kompos (2:1:1) + T. harzianum DT/38 dan T. pseudokoningii DT/39 menghasilkan pertumbuhan diameter batang, luas daun, jumlah akar, panjang akar dan kandungan K daun yang lebih tinggi.Kata Kunci: Theobroma cacao, agens hayati, benih hibrida, matriconditioning, media tanamGood planting materials both genetically and physiologically are needed to obtain optimal growth and production of cocoa trees. It is however often found suboptimal growth of the crops in the fields be likely due to the cocoa seedlings used are not provided well. A study was carried out to evaluate the effects of seed treatments and growth medium to improve the health and the vigor of cocoa seedlings. The study was conducted at Parent Seed Garden of Indonesian Research Center for Coffee and Cocoa in Jember, IPB Seed Laboratory and Microbiology Laboratory and green house of Indonesian Biotechnology Research Institute for Estate Crops, Bogor, from July 2009 to April 2010. The factors examined consists two factors arranged in a randomized block design with 4 replicates. The first factor is seed treatments, 2 levels: (1) untreated (control) and (2) seedlings treated with matriconditioning + bio control agents (T. harzianum and T. pseudokoningii, density of 106 spores/ml). The second factros is growth medium (composition of soil and others) consisting of 6 levels: (1) soil; (2) soil:san (2:1); (3) soil:compost (2:1); (4) soil:sand:compost (2:1:1); (5) soil:compost (2:1) + T. harzianum and T. Pseudokoningii, density of 106 spores/ml; (6) soil:sand:compost (2:1:1) + T. harzianum and T. Pseudokoningii, density of 106 spores/ml each. Results showed that seeds treated with matriconditioning + bio control agents planted on growth medium of soil, sand, and compost (2:1:1) + bio control agents yielded better performance in height of seedlings, dry weight of root, dry weight of seedlings, also N and P content in leaf. Seeds treated with matriconditioning + bio control agents yielded better performance in number of leaves, stem diameter, leaf area, and root length. Growth medium of soil, sand, compost (2:1:1) + T. harzianum and T. Pseudokoningii DT/39 treatment yielded better performance in stem diameter, leaf area, number of root, and K content in leaf.
STRATEGI PEMULIAAN JAMBU METE SPESIFIK LOKASI MELALUI METODE OBSERVASI Edi Wardiana; Budi Martono; Dani .
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 2, No 2 (2011): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Cashew is a perennial plant so that its breeding cycle requires a relatively long time. One alternative that can be done to accelerate the investigation of superior varieties is the observation method on the existing populations which have expressed their potential genetics and has a preference for the local farmers community. The observation method are directed to investigate the superior varieties for specific location where the selection process involving the local farmers community. This method are identical to the model of Participatory Plant Breeding (PTP) that are oriented to the multilevel user needs (industrial and end user). In order to increase the efficiency and effectivity of the observation methods are recommended  : (1) to increase the empowerment of local farmers communities, (2) to provide the adequate confidence from the government and or plant breeders to the farmers beginning from planning stage until characters selection stage, and (3) to add the location of BPT with their distribution in more specific location based on differences in the biophysical environment, agronomic and socio-economic of local farmers community.
Ketahanan 13 Nomor Koleksi Plasma Nutfah Jambu Mete terhadap Penyakit Busuk Akar Fusarium Dani Dani; Efi Taufiq; Handi Supriadi; Enny Randriani; Ilham Nur Ardhi Wicaksono
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 3, No 2 (2012): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v3n2.2012.p171-176

Abstract

Busuk akar Fusarium merupakan salah satu penyakit penting yang menyerang tanaman jambu mete pada fase bibit maupun dewasa. Oleh sebab itu, upaya perakitan varietas tanaman jambu mete yang tahan terhadap serangan penyakit tersebut perlu dilakukan. Tujuan penelitian adalah menguji ketahanan nomor-nomor koleksi plasma nutfah jambu mete terhadap serangan penyakit busuk akar Fusarium. Seleksi dilakukan terhadap bibit hasil persarian terbuka dari 13 nomor aksesi jambu mete koleksi plasma nutfah di Kebun Percobaan (KP) Cikampek. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada fase bibit di dalam rumah plastik dengan naungan paranet intensitas 50% di KP Pakuwon. Perlakuan disusun dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan tiga ulangan. Inokulasi buatan menggunakan isolat Fusarium sp. dari tanah yang dicairkan sampai kepadatan konidia 108 konidia/ml. Hasil pengamatan menujukkan bahwa seluruh nomor aksesi jambu mete yang diuji tidak tahan terhadap serangan penyakit busuk akar Fusarium. Persentase kejadian penyakit paling tinggi ditunjukkan oleh nomor aksesi Lembor 2, M Z Lux, dan Ekoae Kecil, yaitu mencapai 93,33%, sedangkan aksesi JN 26 menunjukkan persentase kejadian sebesar 63,33%. Tingkat keparahan penyakit paling tinggi ditunjukkan oleh nomor aksesi Menini 15, yaitu mencapai 83,56%, meskipun secara statistik tidak berbeda nyata dengan Kodi 2 dan Kobawani yang masing-masing 82,92% dan 82,48%.  Resistance of 13 Cashew Germplasm Accessions to Fusarium Root Rot Disease ABSTRACT Root rot caused by Fusarium is an important cashew disease which attacks any stage of cashew growing from seedlings to adult plant. Therefore, findings of new cashew variety being resistant to the disease should be done in breeding program. The aim of this work was to assess resistance of cashew accession numbers to the disease. Cashew seedlings derived from open pollinated of 13 cashew accessions were observed at germplasm collection of the crop planted at Cikampek Research Station. This work was held in nursery with 50% light intensity of paranet at Pakuwon Research Station. Treatments were arranged in randomized complete block design with three replications. Artificial innoculation used Fusarium isolated from soil was diluted in sterilized water with density of 108 conidia/ml was innoculated to the seedlings. Result showed that allf cashew accessions tested were sucecptable to the disease attack. Lembor 2, M Z Lux, and small Ekoae accessions revealed high in disease incidence which reached 93.33%. Whereas, JN 26 showed the lowest disease incidence, i.e. only 63.33%. The most severe disease symptom was show by Menini 15 (83.56%), although it was not significantly different from Kodi 2 and Kobawani reaching of 82.92% and 82.48%, respectively.
Perubahan Cadangan Karbon pada Peremajaan Karet Rakyat Handi Supriadi; Yulius Ferry
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 1, No 3 (2014): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v1n3.2014.p133-140

Abstract

Rejuvenation of rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) can lead to a reduction of carbon stocks. Therefore, appropriate methods are needed to minimize such losses. The objective of this study was to analyze the changes on carbon stocks in the rejuvenation of rubber with logging system of 30%, 50%, 70%, and 100% and intercrops between the young rubber plantation (maize and peanuts). The research was conducted from January to December 2013 at smallholder rubber plantation in Way Tuba District, Way Kanan Regency, Lampung when the trees were 25 years old. The design used was a randomized block design with three replications. The tested treatments were logging of old rubber plants at 30%, 50%, 70%, and 100%, which then followed by planting of young rubber plants and intercropped (maize and peanut). The variables measured were: (1) fresh weight and dry weight (biomass); (2) fixed carbon content; and (3) carbon stocks on rubber plantation, maize, peanuts, and young rubber plants. The results showed that rubber logging at about 30%–100% could reduce carbon stocks by 7.4–24.29 ton C/ha. However, planting of young rubber plants as well as intercropped (maize and peanut) may contributed to the carbon enrichment up to 0.98-3.28 ton C/ha. Hence, the loss of carbon due to logging system turn out to be 6.29–22.92 ton C/ha.
PENGARUH VARIETAS DAN TINGKAT KEMATANGAN BUAH TERHADAP PERKECAMBAHAN DAN FISIK BENIH KOPI ARABIKA Saefudin Saefudin; Edi Wardiana
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 4, No 3 (2013): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v4n3.2013.p245-256

Abstract

One characteristic in determining the differences of fruit maturity levels in coffee is based on the difference in colour of epicarp or based on the ages of fruit that is calculated starting on a days after anthesis (HSA). In general, fruits in cherry level can result better germination than green level. This experiment was conducted at Pakuwon Experimental Station, Laboratory and Greenhouse of Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute, Sukabumi, beginning from April until August 2013. The objectives of this study was to analyze the effect of varieties and fruit maturation stages on germinations and physical components of Arabica coffee seeds. The split plot design with three replications was used in this study. The main plot factors were four varieties of Arabica coffee i.e. Sigarar Utang, Kartika 1, S 795, and Kartika 2. While the split plot factors were four level of fruit maturation stages defined operationally by harvest fruit in cherry level (≈249 HSA), redish-yellow level (≈241 HSA), yellow level (≈233 HSA), and yellowish-green level (≈225 HSA). The results showed that the difference in coffee varieties and fruit maturation stages affect the germination speed of Arabica coffee seed. S 795 more faster to germinate than Sigarar Utang, Kartika 1, and Kartika 2. Similarly, fruit in the cherry level, redish-yellow, and yellow more faster to germinate than fruit in the yellowih-green level. Sigarar Utang has the highest in fresh weight of fruit and seed and dry weight of seed, and the lowest in seed water content, followed by S 795, Kartika 1, and Kartika 2. The germination success not only determined by seed physical quality components but is also influenced by environmental factors.
Pengaruh Mikoriza dan Pupuk NPK terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Jambu Mete Muda Octivia Trisilawati; Juniaty Towaha; Usman Daras
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 3, No 1 (2012): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v3n1.2012.p91-98

Abstract

Penelitian pengaruh fungi mikoriza asbuskula (FMA) dan pupuk NPK pada pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman jambu mete muda dilaksanakan di KP. Cikampek, Jawa Barat dari bulan Januari sampai Desember 2011. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah acak kelompok, terdiri dari dua faktor, yang diulang 4 kali dengan ukuran plot 4 tanaman/perlakuan. Faktor I adalah aplikasi FMA, yaitu tanpa FMA dan aplikasi 12 kaplet FMA/tanaman.  Faktor II adalah pupuk NPK (g/tan.) yang terdiri dari: (a) dosis pupuk NPK rekomendasi (100 g N, 80 g P2O5, 100 g K2O/tan.), (b) 3/4 dosis pupuk NPK rekomendasi, dan (c) 1/2 dosis pupuk NPK rekomendasi. Parameter pengamatan meliputi penambahan jumlah daun, tinggi tanaman, diameter cabang, lilit batang utama, lebar kanopi, panjang cabang, jumlah cabang tersier, jumlah tandan bunga, jumlah buah per tandan, dan jumlah gelondong per pohon.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penurunan dosis pemupukan NPK sampai 50% dari dosis rekomendasi yang disertai dengan pemberian mikoriza (FMA) tidak mengakibatkan penurunan pertumbuhan dan produksi jambu mete varietas BO2 hasil grafting. Sebagai implikasi, adanya respon positif pada pertumbuhan dan produksi jambu mete dapat dijadikan petunjuk bahwa penggunaan mikoriza mampu meningkatkan efisiensi penggunaan pupuk NPK. Effect of Mycorrhizal and NPK Fertilizer on Young Cashew Growth and ProductionABSTRACT A study of the application of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF) and reduction of NPK fertilizer rates was carried out on grafted young cashew trees grown at Cikampek Research Station, West Java, from January to December 2011. Experimetal design used was a randomized block design, consisting of two factors, repeated 4 times with plot size of 4 plants. The first factor was application of AMF, consisting of without AMF and with inoculation of 12 AMF caplets/plant. The second factor was application of NPK fertilizer, consisting of: (a) Full recommended of NPK fertilizer rates (100 g N, 80 g P2O5, 100 g K2O/plant.), (b) 3/4 recommended NPK fertilizer rate, and (c) 1/2 recommended NPK fertilizer rate. Parameters observed included the increase of number of leave, plant height, diameters of branch, main girth and canopy, branch length, number of tertiary branches, number of bunches of flowers, the number of fruits per bunch, and the number of nuts per tree. Results showed that the reduction of NPK fertilizer application upto 50% of recommended fertilizer rates combined with the application of AMF on the young cashew trees (2.5 years old) did not result in any reduction of plant growth measured significantly. As an amplication, the application of micorhizal fungus is likely able to increase efficiency of fertilizer use to the crop indicated by comparable growth of the treated ones.
Skrining Fitokimia Enam Genotipe Teh Budi Martono; Rudi T. Setiyono
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 1, No 2 (2014): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v1n2.2014.p63-68

Abstract

Skrining fitokimia dimaksudkan untuk melakukan evaluasi pendahuluan tentang kandungan kimia pada teh (Camellia sinensis). Selain itu, teh mengandung katekin yang dapat digunakan sebagai petunjuk kualitas dari daun teh. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui kandungan senyawa aktif dan kadar katekin pada teh. Penelitian dilaksanakan mulai bulan April sampai dengan Juni 2012 di laboratorium Pengujian Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat, Bogor. Skrining fitokimia pucuk peko dengan dua daun (p+2) dilakukan berdasarkan prosedur dari Materia Medika Indonesia (MMI), sedangkan analisis katekin dengan menggunakan metode SNI gambir. Penelitian disusun berdasarkan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL), enam perlakuan dengan empat ulangan. Perlakuan yang digunakan adalah enam genotipe teh (Tbs 1, Tbs 2, Hibrid, Cin 143, Rb 3, dan Kiara 8). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan keenam genotipe yang diuji mengandung senyawa alkaloid, saponin, tanin, fenolik, flavanoid, steroid, dan glikosida. Genotipe Tbs 1, Hibrid, dan Kiara 8 positif mengandung senyawa triterpenoid, sedangkan Tbs 2, Rb 3, dan Cin 143 negatif. Genotipe Tbs 1 dan Tbs 2 memiliki kandungan katekin paling tinggi (kecuali bagian ruas+tangkai daun) dibandingkan dengan empat genotipe lainnya. Pucuk peko, daun pertama, dan daun kedua pada genotipe Tbs 1 memiliki kadar katekin masing-masing 17,92%, 11,73%, dan 14,67%, sedangkan pada genotipe Tbs 2 masing-masing 18,22%, 13,48%, dan 15,81%. Kadar katekin terendah dihasilkan oleh bagian ruas+tangkai daun pada genotipe Rb 3 (1,78%). Pucuk peko menghasilkan kandungan katekin bervariasi antara 8,36%-18,22%, lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan daun pertama, daun kedua, dan bagian ruas + tangkai daun.Kata kunci: Camellia sinensis, fitokimia, genotipe, katekin, pucuk pekoPhytochemical screening was intended for a preliminary evaluation of the chemical constituents of the tea (Camellia sinensis). In addition, tea also contains catechin that can be used as an indication of the quality of tea leaves. The objectives of this study were to determine the content of the active compounds and catechin in tea. The research was conducted from April to June 2012 in the Laboratory of the Research Institute for Spices and Medicinal Crops, Bogor. The phytochemical screening was performed based on the procedure of Materia Medika Indonesia (MMI), while the catechin analysis used the method of SNI gambir. The study was carried out in completely randomized design with six treatments and four replications. The treatments used are six tea genotypes namely Tbs 1, Tbs 2, Hibrid, Cin 143, Rb 3, and Kiara 8. The results showed that the six tea genotypes tested contained the compounds of alkaloid, saponin, tannin, phenolic, flavanoid, steroid, and glycoside. Positively triterpenoid compounds present in the genotype of Tbs1, Hybrids, and Kiara 8, and negative in Tbs 2, Rb 3, and Cin 143. The genotypes of Tbs 1 and Tbs 2 produced the highest catechin content compared to the other genotypes. Catechin content was lowest in the part of internodes+leaf stalk of Rb 3 (1.78%). Pecco shoots produce catechin content of about 8.36%-18.22%, higher than the first leaf, second leaf, and the parts of internodes+leaf stalk.
Peranan Ekstrak Babadotan dan Bawang Putih serta Minyak Kemiri Sunan terhadap Serangan Penggerek Buah Kakao Funny Soesanthy; Samsudin Samsudin
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 4, No 2 (2013): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v4n2.2013.p157-164

Abstract

Penggerek buah kakao (PBK), Conopomorpha cramerella Snell. (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae), merupakan hama penting pada tanaman kakao yang menyebabkan penurunan hasil secara kualitas dan kuantitas. Salah satu usaha pengendalian PBK adalah menggunakan pestisida nabati karena bersifat ramah lingkungan dan tidak membahayakan kesehatan. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis pengaruh daun babadotan dan umbi bawang putih yang dilarutkan dengan air, etanol, metanol, dan heksan, serta minyak kemiri sunan [Reutalis trisperma (Blanco) Airy Shaw] dalam melindungi buah kakao dari serangan PBK. Penelitian dilaksanakan mulai bulan Januari-Desember 2012, bahan uji yang digunakan adalah babadotan-air (BA), babadotan-etanol (BE), babadotan-metanol (BM), babadotan-heksan (BH), bawang putih-air (PA), bawang putih-etanol (PE), bawang putih-metanol (PM), bawang putih-heksan (PH), minyak kemiri sunan (KS), pestisida kimia berbahan aktif λ-sihalotrin (kontrol negatif), dan air (kontrol positif). Pembuatan ekstrak bahan uji dilakukan di Laboratorium Proteksi Tanaman, Balai Penelitian Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar, Sukabumi, dan pengujian ekstrak dilakukan di perkebunan kakao PT Bumi Loka Swakarya, Sukabumi. Buah kakao berukuran sekitar 9 cm disemprot secara merata dengan masing-masing bahan uji telah dilarutkan dengan air hingga konsentrasi 1%. Penyemprotan dilakukan setiap bulan sebanyak 2 kali penyemprotan. Percobaan disusun dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) 6 ulangan, setiap petak percobaan digunakan 10 buah kakao. Persentase buah yang terserang PBK dan tingkat kehilangan hasil diamati saat buah dipanen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyemprotan ekstrak PE konsentrasi 1% sebanyak dua kali dengan interval sebulan sekali dapat menurunkan kehilangan hasil sebesar 58,40% dengan nilai efikasi 63,01%. Dengan demikian ekstrak ini dapat dipakai sebagai salah satu bahan formula nabati untuk mengendalikan PBK.Kata Kunci: Pestisida nabati, penggerek buah kakao, bawang putih, babadotan, kemiri sunanCocoa pod borer (CPB), Conopomorpha cramerella Snell. (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae), is an important pest of cocoa which can cause reduction in yield quality and quantity. One attempt of CPB control is application of botanical pesticides because it more friendly to environment and harmless to human health. The objective of this research was to analyze the effect of goat-weed leaves and garlic bulbs dissolved in water, ethanol, methanol, and hexane, respectively, as well as philippine tung [Reutalis trisperma (Blanco) Airy Shaw] oil in protecting of cocoa pod from CPB infestation. The research was conducted in January-December 2012 using test materials of goat weed-water (BA), goat weed-ethanol (BE), goat weed-methanol (BM), goat weed-hexane (BH), garlic-water (PA), garlic-ethanol (PE), garlic-methanol (PM), garlic-hexane (PH), philippine tung oil (KS), chemical pesticide containing active ingredient of λ-sihalothrine (negative control), and water (positive control). Extracts of the test materials were made in the Laboratory Plant Protection, Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute. Meanwhile, field trial was conducted in the cocoa plantations of PT Bumi Loka Swakarya, Sukabumi. Cocoa pods measuring 9 cm was sprayed evenly with each of the test materials diluted in water to obtain a concentration of 1%. Spraying is done every month as much as 2 times spraying. The experiment was arranged in randomized block design (RBD) with 6 replications, and each plots consist of 10 cocoa pods observed. The percentage of CPB-infested pods and yield loss rate observed when the pods were harvested. The results showed that spraying in concentration 1% of PE extract twice with an interval of once a month can reduce yield loss up to 58,40% with a value efficacy of 63.01%. Thus, this extract can be used as an ingredient of botanical pesticide formula to control CPB. 
Pengaruh Mikoriza dan Pupuk NPKMg terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Kopi Arabika Usman Daras; Iing Sobari; Octivia Trisilawati; Juniaty Towaha
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 2, No 2 (2015): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v2n2.2015.p91-98

Abstract

Mycorrhiza is a biological agent that could improve the efficiency of chemical fertilizers (inorganic) due to it can increase the availability of soil nutrients. The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of mycorrhiza and NPKMg fertilizers on growth and yield of coffee plants in the field. The research was carried out at KP. Pakuwon, Sukabumi, West Java, from January 2013 to November 2014. The treatments that examined in this study were 3 levels of mycorrhiza application (M0, without mycorrhizal fungi; M1, application of 200 spore/tree; and M2, application of 400 spore/tree), and 4 dosage of NPKMg fertilizers (F1, recommended dose, RD; F2, ¾ RD; F3, ½ RD, and F4, ¼ RD). The treatments were arranged in a ramdomized block design with 3 replications, and the plot size consisted of 4 coffee plants. The recommended dose of fertilizer is 140 g NPKMg/tree/years (40 g urea, 50 g SP-36, 30 g KCl, and 20 g kieserit). NPKMg fertilizers were applied two times, whereas mycorrhiza was given two months after the first application of NPKMg fertilizers. The observed parameters were vegetative characters (plant height, stem diameter, number of branch) and generative character (coffee yield) as well as the infection rates of mycorrizha on roots. The results showed that application of 400 spores of mycorrhizal fungi and 105 g NPKMg/tree/year exhibited the best growth of coffee plants until 15 months after planting (MAP). However, that combination was not significantly affected coffee production. Moreover, application of 200 and 400 spores of mycorrhizal fungi/tree combined with all dosage of NPKMg fertilizers revealed the same infection rates of mycorrizha on roots.

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