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INDONESIA
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Published by Kementerian Pertanian
ISSN : 23561297     EISSN : 25287222     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Engineering,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar (JTIDP) published by Indonesian Center for Estate Crops Research and Development is a peer-reviewed and open access journal that publishes significant and important research from area of agricultural science on industrial and beverage crops.
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Articles 407 Documents
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Pengaruh Komposisi Media terhadap Pembentukan Kalus Embriogenesis Somatik Kopi Arabika ( Coffea arabica ) Meynarti Sari dewi Ibrahim; Sudarsono Sudarsono; Rubiyo Rubiyo; Syafaruddin Syafaruddin
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 3, No 1 (2012): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v3n1.2012.p13-22

Abstract

Induksi embrio somatik pada kopi arabika (Coffea arabica) dengan menggunakan beberapa zat pengatur tumbuh (ZPT) telah berhasil dilakukan. Pengaruh komposisi media terutama kombinasi antara jenis ZPT yang berbeda dan tanggap genotipe tanaman dilaporkan sangat bervariasi. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengkaji pengaruh pemberian 2,4-D dan kinetin dalam proses pembentukan dan pertumbuhan kalus embriogenik asal daun. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan (Puslitbangbun) Agustus 2011 sampai Januari 2012. Bahan tanaman yang digunakan adalah daun dari kopi arabika varietas Sigarar Utang yang merupakan tanaman koleksi Balai Penelitian Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar (Balittri). Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan 5 ulangan, masing-masing ulangan terdiri dari 5 eksplan. Peubah yang diamati, meliputi persentasi kalus yang terbentuk, morfologi kalus, berat basah kalus, dan jumlah globular. Hasil menunjukkan semua perlakuan dapat membentuk kalus, pertambahan berat eksplan tertinggi diperoleh pada media kombinasi 2,4-D 1 mg/l atau 2 mg/l dan kinetin 1 sampai 4 mg/l. Embrio somatik terbanyak diperoleh pada media yang diberi 2,4-D 0,5 mg/l dan kinetin 1 mg/l. Selain kalus, massa proembrio dan embrio, juga terbentuk akar adventif yang jumlahnya tidak nyata antar perlakuan.  The Effect of Composition Media to Callus Formation of Somaticembryogenesis of Arabica Coffee (Coffea arabica)ABSTRACT Induction of somatic embryos with plant growth regulators (PGR) has successfully performed in arabica coffee. However, the influence of media composition combined with different PGR, explants and genotype of plants is widely various in response yields. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of 2,4-D and kinetine in process of formation and growth of embryogenic callus developed from leaves of arabica coffee. The studiy was carried out at a laboratory of Indonesian Research Center for Estate Crops (Puslitbangbun) from August 2011 to January 2012. Plant materials used are coffee leaves var. Sigarar Utang taken from a germplasm collection of the crop grown at Pakuwon Research Station, Indonesian Research Institute for Industry Crops (Balittri) located at Sukabumi, West Java. A completely randomized design with 5 replications and plot size of five explants was used. Parameters observed are percentage of callus formation, morphology of the callus, fresh weight of callus, and number of globular. Results show that all treatments examined are able to form callus. The highest increase in weight of explants was obtained from the media treated with 2,4-D (conc. of 1mg/l or 2 mg/l) and kinetin (conc. of 1 to 4 mg/l). While, the most number of somatic embryo formed was obtained from those of treated with 2,4-D 0.5 mg/l and kinetin 1 mg/l. In addition to callus formation, proembryo mass, embryo and adventive roots were also formed in spite of not significant between different the treatments.
Analisis Perdagangan Kakao Indonesia di Pasar Internasional Anggita Tresliyana Suryana; Anna Fariyanti; Amzul Rifin
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 1, No 1 (2014): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v1n1.2014.p29-40

Abstract

pertumbuhan konsumsi dunia. Sejak pemerintah Indonesia menerapkan kebijakan pajak ekspor kakao biji dalam rangka untuk mengembangkan industri pengolahan kakao, ada perubahan dalam komposisi ekspor kakao. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perdagangan kakao Indonesia di pasar internasional. Pengukuran menggunakan Gravity Model menunjukkan bahwa variabel yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap ekspor kakao biji Indonesia adalah GDP riil per kapita negara tujuan, nilai tukar, dan bea keluar kakao biji. Variabel yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap ekspor kakao powder Indonesia adalah GDP riil per kapita Indonesia dan negara-negara tujuan serta nilai tukar, sementara semua variabel yang signifikan dalam mempengaruhi ekspor kakao butter. Implikasi dari hasil penelitian adalah Indonesia dapat meningkatkan pangsa pasarnya dengan lebih memprioritaskan mengekspor kakao biji ke Cina. Kakao butter pangsa pasar sebaiknya ditingkatkan di Cina dan Australia, sedangkan untuk kakao powder, negara yang dapat ditingkatkan pangsa pasarnya adalah Rusia.Kata Kunci: Kakao biji, kakao butter, kakao powder, ekspor, Gravity ModelIndonesia is one of the largest cocoa producer and exporter in the world. Cocoa international market has great potential regarding world’s consumption growth. Therefore, Indonesia is expected to take advantage on existing opportunities. Since the government of Indonesia implemented export tax policy on cocoa beans in order to develop cocoa processing industry, there were changes in the composition of cocoa export. The objective of this study was to analyze factors that influence Indonesia’s cocoa trade in international market, by using Gravity Model. The result showed that variables that influence Indonesia’s cocoa beans exports significantly are real GDP per capita of destination countries, exchange rate, and cocoa beans export tax. Indonesia’s cocoa powder exports is significantly influnced by real GDP per capita of Indonesia and destination countries, and exchange rate, while all variables are significant in influencing cocoa butter export. The implications of this findings are Indonesia can increase market share by prioritizing of cocoa beans export to China. In the meantime, cocoa butter should be increasing market share in China and Australia, and cocoa powder in Rusia.
Induksi Kalus Embriogenik dan Daya Regenerasi Kopi Arabika Menggunakan 2,4- Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid dan 6-Benzyladenine Meynarti Sari Dewi Ibrahim; Rr Sri Hartati; Rubiyo Rubiyo; Agus Purwito; Sudarsono Sudarsono
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 4, No 2 (2013): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v4n2.2013.p91-98

Abstract

Embriogenesis somatik kopi Arabika (Coffea arabica L.) masih mengalami kendala dalam meregenerasikan planlet dari eksplan yang dikulturkan. Kemampuan eksplan daun membentuk embrio dalam proses embriogenesis somatik kopi sangat dipengaruhi oleh komposisi media dan zat pengatur tumbuh. Penelitian bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh pemberian 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid dan 6-Benzyladenine dalam proses pembentukan kalus embriogenik dan daya regenerasi kopi Arabika. Penelitian dilakukan di Unit Pengembangan Benih Unggul Pertanian, Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian pada bulan Juli 2011 sampai Desember 2012. Bahan tanaman yang digunakan adalah daun kopi Arabika varietas S795 koleksi Balai Penelitian Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar. Rancangan perlakuan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan 6 ulangan, masing-masing ulangan terdiri dari 5 eksplan. Induksi kalus menggunakan 5 kombinasi perlakuan 2,4-D 1 mg/l + BA 0 mg/l; 2,4-D 1 mg/l + BA 1 mg/l; 2,4-D 1 mg/l + BA 2 mg/l; 2,4-D 2 mg/l + BA 1 mg/l; dan kontrol (tanpa penambahan 2,4-D dan BA). Peubah yang diamati meliputi jumlah kalus, persentasi kalus embriogenik, berat basah kalus, dan jumlah proembrio. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perlakuan 2,4-D 1 mg/l + BA 0 mg/l; 2,4-D 1 mg/l + BA 1 mg/l; 2,4-D 1 mg/l + BA 2 mg/l; dan 2,4-D 2 mg/l + BA 1 mg/l dapat membentuk kalus kecuali perlakuan kontrol. Berat kalus, persentasi kalus embriogenik, dan jumlah proembrio tertinggi diperoleh pada media kombinasi 2,4-D 2 mg/l dan BA 1 mg/l. Kalus yang mampu beregenerasi berasal dari media kombinasi 2,4-D 1 mg/l dan BA 2 mg/l dengan persentasi 16,67% dengan 6 kecambah per 0,2 gram kalus.Kata Kunci: Coffea arabica, 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid, 6-Benzyladenine, embriogenesis somatikRegeneration of planlets from cultured explants has been an obstacle in somatic embryogenesis of arabica coffee (Coffea arabica L.). The ability of leaf explants to generate embryos in somatic embryogenesis process of coffee was affected by composition of media and plant growth regulators. The objectives of the research was to examine the effect of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid dan 6-Benzyladenine in the process of embryogenic callus and regeneration potential of arabica coffee. The study was conducted at Agricultural Superior Seed Development Unit, Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD) from July 2011 to December 2012. Plant material used was leaves of S795 variety which is collected by Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute. The research was arranged in completely randomized design with 6 replications, each replication consist of 5 explants. Callus induction used 5 treatments, i.e. 2,4-D 1 mg/l + BA 0 mg/l; 2,4-D 1 mg/l + BA 1 mg/l; 2,4-D 1 mg/l + BA 2 mg/l; 2,4-D 2 mg/l + BA 1 mg/l; and control (without 2,4-D and BA). Variables observed were number of callus, percentage of embryogenic callus, callus fresh weight and number of proembryo. Result showed that all treatments can produce the callus except control. Combination of 2,4-D 2 mg/l and BA 1 mg/l gave the highest of fresh weight of callus, percentage of embryogenic callus, and number of proembryo. Regenerating callus of 16.67% with the number of sprouts of 6 per 0.2 gram only derived from combination of 2,4-D 1 mg/l BA and 2 mg/l. 
TEKNOLOGI PENGENDALIAN HAYATI HAMA PENGHISAP PUCUK DAN BUNGA PADA JAMBU METE Samsudin .; Iwa Mara Trisawa
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 2, No 2 (2011): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

The major pests of cashew plant (Anacardium occidentale L.) are Helopeltis spp.  and Sanurus spp. A number of cashew trees damaged be  attacked by the pest are increasing from year to year. Some research found on effectiveness technologies, environmentally friendly and easily adopted by farmers have been done. One kind of controlling technologies that provides great expectations to be developed by farmers was biological control by utilizing parasitoids, predators and pathogens. Development of rangrang ants (Oecophylla smaragdina) and the fungus Beauveria bassiana as biological agent of Helopeltis spp. on a large scale will suppress the population of the insects. Meanwhile, the egg parasitoid Aphanomerus sp., moth parasitoids Epieurybrachys nsp. and the fungus Synnematium sp. are potentially developed as a biological control agents for Sanurus spp. in the field. The results of these studies should be integrated as a technology package on which the farmers should be involved in implementation of the technology.
Analisis Keunggulan Komparatif dan Kompetitif Usahatani Pala ( Studi Kasus: Kabupaten Bogor dan Sukabumi ) Abdul Muis Hasibuan; Bedy Sudjarmoko; Dewi Listyati
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 3, No 3 (2012): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v3n3.2012.p223-230

Abstract

Indonesia merupakan produsen dan eksportir pala terbesar dunia. Adanya persaingan yang semakin tinggi di pasar internasional akibat penerapan perdagangan bebas mengharuskan pala sebagai salah satu komoditas ekspor memiliki kemampuan bersaing. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui keunggulan komparatif dan kompetitif usahatani pala Indonesia khususnya di Kabupaten Bogor dan Sukabumi sebagai salah satu sentra pala. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis kelayakan finansial dan ekonomi serta Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa usahatani pala di Kabupaten Bogor dan Sukabumi memiliki kelayakan untuk diusahakan serta memiliki keunggulan komparatif dan kompetitif termasuk jika terjadi peningkatan harga input dan penurunan harga output sebesar 10%. Namun usahatani pala di Kabupaten Bogor memiliki tingkat kelayakan, keunggulan komparatif dan keunggulan kompetitif yang lebih baik dibanding dengan Sukabumi. Intervensi pemerintah terhadap pasar input dan output belum memberikan keuntungan bagi petani.  Comparative And Competitive Advantage Analysis of Nutmeg Farming System (Case Study: Bogor And Sukabumi District)ABSTRACT Indonesia is the largest producer and exporter of nutmeg in the world. The higher competition in the international market due to the implementation of free trade agreement requires nutmeg as one export commodity has the ability to compete. This study aims to determine the comparative and competitive advantages of nutmeg farming system in Indonesia, especially in Bogor and Sukabumi District as one of the centers of nutmeg. The method of analysis used is the Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM). The analysis shows that farming nutmeg in Bogor and Sukabumi viable to cultivate and has comparative and competitive advantages, including in increasing of input prices and decreasing of output prices by 10 percent. However, nutmeg farming in Bogor has a high feasibility, comparative advantage and competitive advantage better than Sukabumi. Government intervention in input and output markets has not provided benefits to farmers.
Keefektifan Beberapa Formula Fungisida Nabati Eugenol dan Sitronella terhadap Phytophthora palmivora Bult. Asal Kakao Rita Harni; Widi Amaria; Supriadi Supriadi
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 4, No 1 (2013): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v4n1.2013.p11-18

Abstract

Phytophthora palmivora merupakan patogen utama pada tanaman kakao di seluruh dunia. Akibat serangan patogen ini menyebabkan kerugian sebesar 25-50%. Pengendalian patogen ini masih mengandalkan fungisida sintetik yang dikhawatirkan berbahaya bagi manusia dan lingkungan. Fungisida nabati yang mengandung minyak atsiri, merupakan alternatif pengendalian yang lebih ramah lingkungan. Penelitian bertujuan mengevaluasi pengaruh formula eugenol, sitronella, asam salisilat dan silikon terhadap pertumbuhan P. palmivora. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium dan Rumah Kaca Balai Penelitian Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar dari Maret sampai Agustus 2012. Minyak cengkeh (CK), serai wangi (SW), asam salisilat (AS) dan silikon cair (SI) digunakan sebagai bahan utama pembuatan formula. Formula yang diuji, yaitu (1) Eugenol, (2) Sitronella, (3) CK+SW, (4) SW+SI, (5) SW+AS, (6) CK+SI, dan (7) CK+AS. Percobaan dirancang secara acak lengkap dengan 5 ulangan. Pengujian formula terhadap pertumbuhan P. palmivora in vitro dilakukan dengan menginokulasikan potongan agar berisi kultur jamur pada permukaan PDA yang mengandung formula, sedangkan pengujian formula pada buah dan bibit kakao diuji di rumah kaca. Kadar fenol dan lignin dalam jaringan daun bibit kakao dianalisis untuk mengetahui mekanisme pertahanan tanaman terhadap infeksi patogen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua formula yang diuji menghambat pertumbuhan dan biomassa P. palmivora pada kondisi in vitro, dan perkembangan gejala penyakit pada buah serta bibit kakao. Formula eugenol + asam salisilat mampu menghambat total pertumbuhan dan bioassay patogen pada media PDA, menekan perkembangan penyakit 65,2% pada buah dan 66,25% pada bibit, serta meningkatkan kadar senyawa fenol dan lignin dalam jaringan daun.Kata Kunci: Kakao, Phytophthora palmivora, eugenol, sitronella, fungisida nabatiPhytophthora palmivora is a major pathogen of cacao plants on the world. This pathogen caused 25-50% losses. The pathogen is commonly controlled with synthetic fungicide uses which may hazard for human and environment if used unwisely. Botanical fungicides containing essential oils offer more environmentally friendly control method. The study aimed to evaluate the effects of seven botanical fungicide formulas containing clove oil and citronella oil on P. palmivora. The study was conducted in the Laboratory and Greenhouse of the Indonesian Research Institute for Industrial and Beverage Crops from March to August 2012. A randomized complete designed with five replicates was used. Seven formulas tested were: (1) eugenol (CK), (2) citronella (SW), (3) CK+SW, (4) SW+ silicone (SI), (5) SW+salycilic acid (AS), (6) CK+SI, dan (7) CK+AS. The effects of formulas on growth and biomass of P. palmivora in vitro were tested by culturing the pathogen on solid PDA medium whereas its effect on disease developments was tested by inoculating cacao pods on fruits and seedlings. In addition, the phenol and lignin contents in the inoculated seedlings were assessed to support disease inhibition mechanism. The results showed that all the formulas tested inhibited the growth and biomass of P. palmivora in vitro. The highest inhibition was shown by the formula of clove oil mixed with salicylic acid. Disease developments on inoculated cocoa pods and seedlings reduced of 66.25% and 65.2% respectively, and increased levels of lignin and phenol in the leaves.
Pengaruh Jarak Tanam dan Jenis Tanaman Sela terhadap Pertumbuhan Lada Perdu Serta Hasil Tanaman Sela Yulius Ferry; Edi Wardiana
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 3, No 2 (2012): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v3n2.2012.p151-156

Abstract

Penanaman tanaman sela di antara tanaman lada perdu merupakan salah satu strategi dalam upaya mengoptimalkan pemanfaatan sumberdaya pertanian dan sekaligus dapat meningkatkan pendapatan usahatani. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan (KP) Cahaya Negeri, Lampung Utara, mulai tahun 2010 sampai 2011. Tujuannya adalah memperoleh kombinasi jarak tanam lada perdu dengan jenis tanaman sela yang sesuai untuk mendukung pertumbuhan tanaman lada sebagai tanaman pokok serta meningkatkan hasil dan pendapataan tanaman sela. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah acak kelompok pola faktorial dua faktor dengan 3 ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah jarak tanam lada (J) yang terdiri dari 4 taraf : (J1) 1 x 3 meter, (J2) 1 x 4 meter (J3) 2 x 3 meter, dan (J4) 2 x 4 meter. Faktor kedua adalah jenis tanaman sela (S) yang terdiri dari : (S1) tanaman kacang tanah, dan (S2) tanaman sela kacang hijau. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) jarak tanam lada perdu 1 x 3 m cukup sesuai untuk ditanami tanaman sela kacang tanah maupun kacang hijau karena dengan jarak tanam tersebut dapat mendukung bagi pertumbuhan vegetatif dan generatif lada serta dapat memaksimalkan hasil dan pendapatan tanaman sela, dan (2) penanaman tanaman sela kacang tanah dan kacang hijau di antara lada perdu sebaiknya dilakukan secara rotasi, kacang tanah ditanam pada fase vegetatif, sedangkan kacang hijau ditanam pada fase generatif tanaman lada.  Effect of Plant Spacing and Intercrops on The Growth of Pepper and Yield of IntercropsABSTRACT Growing of intercrops planted among of bushy pepper cultivation is one of strategies in optimizing agricultural resources utilization and increasing farmers’ income. The experiment was conducted at Cahaya Negeri Experimental Station, from 2010 until 2011. The experiment was aimed to investigate the compatibility of bushy pepper growing and the kind of intercrops to support the growth and increase in yield of the crop and additional income from the intercrops. The factorial design based randomized complete block with three replication was used in this study. The first factor was bushy pepper spacing (J) consisted of four levels : (J1) 1 m x 3 m, (J2) 1 m x 4 m, (J3) 2 m x 3 m, and (J4) 2 m x 4 m. The second factor was the kind of intercrops (S) consisted of two levels : (S1) Peanut and (S2) Mungbean. Result showed that : (1) The 1 m x 3 m of bushy pepper spacing is quite suitable for growing peanut or mungbean as intercrops based on vegetative and generative growth measures of bushy pepper and maximize in yields and additional income from the intercrops, and (2) peanut and mungbean were suggested to be intercrops in bushy pepper growing in rotation of cropping system, whereas peanut and mungbean should be planted within the vegetative and generative phases of bushy pepper, respectively.
Pendugaan Daya Gabung dan Heritabilitas Beberapa Karakter Agronomis pada Populasi Generasi F1 Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) Cici Tresniawati; Dani Dani; Ilham Nur Ardi Wicaksono; Rubiyo Rubiyo
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 1, No 2 (2014): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v1n2.2014.p119-124

Abstract

Informasi mengenai parameter genetik diperlukan sebagai dasar penentuan tetua dalam perakitan varietas hibrida. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui daya gabung umum (DGU) dan daya gabung khusus (DGK) tetua dari 10 populasi F1 kakao hasil persilangan dialel 5 x 5 tanpa selfing dan tanpa resiprok. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan (KP.) Sumber Asin, Malang, Jawa Timur dari bulan April sampai Oktober 2013. Tetua yang digunakan adalah DR1 (kakao edel) dan ICCRI 03, TSH 858, ICS 13, dan Sca 6 (kakao lindak). Karakter yang diamati adalah lingkar batang, tinggi jorket, persentase tanaman berbunga, dan persentase tanaman berbuah. Data karakter tersebut dianalisis ragamnya menggunakan metode Griffing 4. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan klon TSH 858 memiliki efek DGU paling tinggi untuk karakter lingkar batang dan persentase tanaman berbunga, sedangkan klon Sca 6 untuk tinggi jorket. Kedua klon tersebut berpotensi untuk dijadikan tetua persilangan dalam pembentukan varietas sintetis. Nilai DGK paling tinggi ditunjukkan oleh kombinasi tetua DR 1 x Sca 6 untuk karakter lingkar batang, persentase tanaman berbunga, dan persentase tanaman berbuah, sedangkan kombinasi TSH 858 x DR 1 memperlihatkan nilai paling tinggi untuk karakter tinggi jorket. Kedua kombinasi tetua tersebut potensial dijadikan alternatif dalam perakitan varietas hibrida.Kata kunci: Kakao mulia, kakao lindak, Daya Gabung Khusus, Daya Gabung Umum, Griffing 4, heritabilitasKnowledge about genetic parameters is important for plant breeders as a basis for determining potential parent in hybrid breeding programs. The objectives of this study was to evaluate general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) in F1 population of cocoa derived from diallel crossing of 5 x 5 without selfing and reciprocal. The experiment was conducted at the Sumber Asin experimental station, Malang, East Java, from April to October 2013. The parental clones used are ICCRI 03, TSH 858, Sca 6, ICS 13 (bulk cacao) dan DR 1 (fine cacao). Observations on agronomic characters including trunk girth, jorquette height, percent of flowering, and percent of fruiting were carried out on individual plants. Variance analysis was perfomed by Griffing Method type 4. The result showed that TSH 858 clone has the highest GCA effect on trunk girth and percent of flowering (TSH 858), while Sca 6 clone was significant only for jorquette height. Both of those clones would be potential as parent in assembling new variety, particularly to gain the large trunk girth and high jorquette. On the other hand, the highest SCA value indicated by the combination of DR 1 x Sca 6 for trunk girth, percent of flowering and percent of fruiting, whereas the combination of TSH 858 x DR 1 showed the highest value for jorquette height. Both of these parent combinations are prospective as an alternative in the assembly of new hybrid varieties.
EVALUASI HASIL GRAFTING SEMBILAN KLON KOPI ROBUSTA DENGAN BATANG BAWAH LOKAL Dibyo Pranowo; Handi Supriadi
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 4, No 3 (2013): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v4n3.2013.p231-236

Abstract

Productivity of Robusta coffee in Indonesia were classified as low of about 685 kg/ha/year, due to did not use the superior clones and their propagation technique conducted by seeds. Efforts to address these issues are the using of high yielding superior seed (above 1,000 kg/ha) and then were propagated by grafting. The objective of this research was to evaluate the success rate and growth of grafted plants arised from nine clones of Robusta coffee with Sukabumi local rootstock. The study was conducted in a Greenhouse of Pakuwon Research Station, Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute, Sukabumi. A randomized block design with 9 treatment of grafting combination and 3 replication were used in this study. The nine of treatment as follows: (1) BP 42 + local, (2) BP 969 + local, (3) BP 306 + local, (4) BP 436 + local, (5) BP 913 + local, (6) BP 534 + local, (7) BP 239 + local (8) BP 430 + local, and (G9) BP 358 + local. The results showed that the plant height, leaf number, leaf area, number of branches, and grafting success rate of BP 430 + local at 5 months after grafting (MAG) more higher than other grafting combination.
Peningkatan Kinerja Pemasaran Karet Alam Rakyat melalui Optimalisasi Rantai Pasok Rikky Herdiansyah; Rita Nurmalina; Ratna Winandi
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 2, No 3 (2015): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v2n3.2015.p151-158

Abstract

Rubber price received by smallholders in Indonesia is lower compared with other countries due to inefficient marketing system. Therefore, it needs an effort to increase in the supply chain performance. The objective of the research was to analyze marketing system of natural rubber and the effect of supply chain management on marketing efficiency. The research was conducted at Tebo Regency of Jambi Province from December 2014 until February 2015. Marketing system was analyzed using B/C ratio and value-added approach, whereas supply chain was carried out using a supply chain network approach. The results showed that there were four patterns in the marketing channels of natural rubber.  Pattern I (farmers – village traders - subdistrict traders - district traders - industries); Pattern II (farmers – village traders - district traders - industries); Pattern III (farmers –auction market - industries); and Pattern IV [farmers –Rubber Processing and Marketing Unit (RPMU) – industries].  The supply chain management was only found in the Pattern IV, where there was an agreement between farmers and the RPMU to improve  the quality of rubber for higher price.  In addition, farmers also received advocation and training from the RPMU.  Pattern IV exhibited improvement marketing efficiency as indicated by a B/C ratio at 1.29 and value added at 96.82%.  The adoption of SCN framework was able to motivate farmers to produce a better quality of rubber that afforded a higher price. Therefore, the government is necessarily to recommend the addoption of this pattern in increasing farmers’ income.

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