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INDONESIA
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
BIOLOGY, MEDICINE, & NATURAL PRODUCT CHEMISTRY, this journal is published to attract and disseminate innovative and expert findings in the fields of plant, animal, and microorganism secondary metabolite, and also the effect of natural product on biological system as a reference source for researchers in these fields, and with the aim to set international standards in their methodology.
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Articles 452 Documents
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Liver Protection Effect of Red Rose Petal Methanol Extract in Copper-Induced Liver Injury in Male Wistar Rats Hutagalung, Caroline Febrina; Girsang, Ermi; Mutia, Maya Sari; Suhartina, Suhartina; Natali, Oliviti
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 12, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2023.122.507-513

Abstract

The human body requires low amounts of copper to maintain homeostasis, but high copper intake can cause various health problems. Many previous studies have been performed to look for natural products that can neutralize the excessive copper effect; one such natural product is a rose petal. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the liver protection effect of rose petals in copper-induced liver injury in male Wistar rats. This experimental study used thirty male Wistar rats that were grouped into five groups, including control, standard (quercetin), Rose Petal Methanol Extract-1 (400 mg/kg BW), 2 (800 mg/kg BW), and 3 (1,200 mg/kg BW). All groups were treated for 14 days, and all rats were given copper (II) sulfate suspension for the last three days. On the fifteenth day, all rats were sacrificed to obtain blood and liver tissue SGOT, SGPT, and liver histology study. The results showed that rose petal methanol extract significantly decreased SGOT and SGPT levels compared to the control group (P-value <0.05). The reduced area of ballooning degeneration and necrosis were in line with the increased dose of rose petal extract supported the liver protection effect of rose petal extract. Therefore, it can be concluded that rose petal methanol extract protects the liver against copper impacts.
Identification of Medicinal Plants and Their Utilization by Community in Kendal Village, Kendal Sub-district Hanum, Aghnia Rahmi; Wijayanti, Erna
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 12, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2023.122.463-466

Abstract

Traditional medicine is a cultural heritage from ancestors deeply rooted in the nation's heritage; therefore, its use is still based on spoken and written experience from generation to generation. Even though most people have turned to modern medicine, some still use these medicinal plants as ingredients for medicine, food, and other processed consumption. This study aims to identify the types of medicinal plants found in Kendal village and how to use them, obtain them, and then transform them into effective medications. This study employs qualitative descriptive methodologies. Observation and interviews are employed to collect data. Based on the results of community interviews, it was determined that many Kendal village residents continue to use plants to treat various diseases. The plant parts utilized are rhizomes, leaves, and stems. This medicinal plant has various uses, ranging from direct consumption to boiling.
Assessment of Sensorimotor Behaviour in Konzo-Induced Rats Using the Irvine, Beattie Bresnahan Forelimb Scale David, Lekpa Kingdom; Uahomo, Precious Ojo; Idung, Victor Hogan; Dakoru, Rachael Data
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 12, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2023.122.431-435

Abstract

Konzo is a neurological disorder of selective upper motor neurons. It is an irreversible paralytic disease associated with prolonged consumption of Cassava. It contains cyanogenic glycosides metabolized to hydrogen cyanide, which has been shown by studies to affect the motor neurons of the central nervous system. The Irvine, Beattie Bresnahan (IBB) scale is a recently developed forelimb scale for the assessment of fine control of the forelimb and digits after cervical spinal cord injury such as Konzo. 20 Adult male Wistar rats were assigned to 4 experimental groups (i) control n=5, (ii) konzo-induced group n=5, (iii) induced + Complan n=5 (iv) Induced + Bambara Nut (Okpa). The bitter cassava foods were taken by oral ingestion for a period of 4 weeks. The assessment of the forelimb and digits were done using the Irvine, Beattie Bresnahan (IBB) with specific parameters such as Predominant Elbow Joint movement, Contact Volar Support, and Grasping method. The body weight of the animals was also recorded every week. The data obtained were analyzed using ANOVA. The result obtained showed that there was a significant difference (p<0.05) between the body weight of the animals induced with Konzo and rehabilitated with Complan milk and Bambara nut when compared to the unrehabilitated Konzo-induced group. There were differences in the results of the parameters being tested for the Irvine, Beattie Bresnahan (IBB) scaling. The IBB scale confirmed that there was a high level of cyanide content in the cassava which affected the behavioral attributes of the induced group and it also confirmed that the induced group can be ameliorated with the use of Complan and Bambara Nut (Okpa) which was shown in the parameters being tested such as Predominant Elbow Joint movement, Contact Volar Support, and Grasping method. It was concluded that insufficiently processed bitter cassava is toxic and has neurotoxicity effects on the Spinal Cord especially on the upper motor neurons and IBB scale is capable of measuring gradual improvements in motor forelimb functions in this model and may be a new and effective assessment tool for peripheral nerve injury.
The Correlation Between Widal Diagnostic Test, Total Leukocyte Count, and Platelet Count in Suspected Typhoid Fever Patients at RS Aura Syifa Kediri Loviana, Novi; Savitri, Lisa; Krissanjaya, Rochmad; Kasimo, Elfred Rinaldo
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 12, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2023.122.555-558

Abstract

Typhoid fever is an acute systemic infectious disease that is related to poor personal hygiene and environmental sanitation. The diagnosis of typhoid fever is established through laboratory examinations, including serological, hematological, and bacteriological tests. This research aims to determine the correlation between the Widal diagnostic test and the total leukocyte count and platelet count in suspected typhoid fever patients at RS Aura Syifa Kediri. The study design used in this research is quantitative descriptive analysis with a cross-sectional approach. The data was collected retrospectively from secondary sources, specifically medical records of patients from August 1, 2021, to March 31, 2022, at RS Aura Syifa Kediri. The total population comprised 157 patients, and a purposive sampling method was used to select 41 patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The statistical analysis using the Spearman correlation test resulted in p-values ≥ α = 0.05 for the following correlations: Widal test O with leukocytes (0.538 ≥ 0.05), Widal test H with leukocytes (0.915 ≥ 0.05), Widal test O with platelets (0.476 ≥ 0.05), and Widal test H with platelets (0.965 ≥ 0.05). These findings indicate that there is no significant correlation between the Widal test O and H with the platelet count in patients with typhoid fever. Therefore, it can be concluded that there is no significant relationship between the Widal test O and H results and the platelet count in typhoid fever patients.
Development of An Eco-Shampoo Formulation Using Local Environmental Plant Extracts for Healthy Hair as an Effort to Increase the Potential of Environmental Resources Dwi Atmanto; Neneng Siti Silfi Ambarwati
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 12, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2023.121.399-405

Abstract

This research aims to develop an eco-friendly shampoo formulation (Eco-Shampoo) by adding local environmental plant extracts for hair health. This research method is a quasi-experimental development of existing shampoo formulations (base formulations) by adding local plant extracts such as aloe vera (Aloe vera L.) and lemongrass oil (Cymbopogon citratus) in three formulations. The resulting shampoo products were then carried out two evaluations, namely the stability test (organoleptic test), foam height observation, viscosity test, pH test, and preference test (hedonic test) by consumers to determine the feasibility and effectiveness of using shampoo. After a storage period of 2 days showed a Stability test, slightly changed color, constant odor, and texture did not change and the pH value was between 5.5 - 6.5. The smear test on the back of the hand and the skin behind the ear did not show skin irritation, whereas the hedonic test, 10 consumers stated that the color was like, the smell was stated like, and the texture was stated quietly. Aloe vera fraction and lemongrass oil can be formulated as a shampoo preparation to maintain hair fertility as well as an anti-dandruff shampoo.
Targeting H3N2 Influenza Virus RNA-dependent RNA Polymerase by Using Bioactives from Essential Oils from Eucalyptus polybrachtea, Cymbopogon citratus and Cymbopogon khasianus Sharma, Arun Dev; Kaur, Inderjeet
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 12, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2023.122.515-524

Abstract

A dramatic surge of H3N2 influenza virus is of grave concern worldwide and particularly in India. H3N2 cause acute respiratory infection, however, a few drugs are available for its mitigation. Subsequently, researchers have been involved in efforts to discover novel antiviral mechanisms that can lay the basis for new anti-influenza drugs. Influenza virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP) is a multi-functional hetero-trimer, implicated in the production of viral mRNA, hence plays a major role in viral infectivity thus directly associated with survival of the virus. RdRP have been cited as anappropriate target for therapeutic drug design. In the present study molecular docking was designed to estimate the effect of potent bioactive moleculesfrom essential oils from Eucalyptus polybrachtea (eucalyptus oil, EO), Cymbopogon citratus (lemon grass essential oil, LEO) and Cymbopogon khasianus (palmarosa essential oil, PEO) against RdRP protein. GC-FID (gas chromatography with flame-ionization detection) based composition profile, and in-silico docking study was conducted by using CB-dock 2 analysis followed by 2D interactions. GC-FID revealed eucalyptol, geranial and geraniolas major phytocompounds in EO, LEO and PEO respectively. The docking score indicated effective binding of ligands to RdRP. Interactions results indicated that, RdRP/ligand complexes form hydrogen, van der waals forces, pi-alkyl, alkyl, and pi-Sigma interactions. Based on above findings of aroma profile and docking, therefore, it was recommended that essential oils from above mentioned aromatic cropsmay represent potential herbal treatment to mitigate H3N2 infections.
In silico Study on Structural Inhibition of Bacterial DNA Gyrase by Major Secondary Metabolites Found in Grape Seed Extract Lawan, Haritha; Tharakee, Hashitha
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 12, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2023.122.585-592

Abstract

In the early 20th century, during the era of investigating and identifying essential “vitamins”, scientific research focused on grape seed extracts and their bioactive components, particularly polyphenols. Extensive studies have demonstrated that grape seed extract, rich in proanthocyanidins, offers protection against a wide spectrum of diseases, encompassing inflammation, cardiac ailments, peptic ulcers, hypertension, diabetes, cancer, and microbial infections. To explore potential secondary metabolites within grape seed extract that could serve as structural inhibitors of bacterial DNA Gyrase, molecular docking studies were performed. The docking results revealed that two phytochemicals, namely (-)-catechin and Procyanidin-B2, exhibited the highest potency in inhibiting DNA gyrase subunit B. Subsequent in silico physicochemical and pharmacokinetic parameter predictions were conducted using specialized web servers for the examined phytochemicals. Notably, (-)-catechin displayed superior inhibitory and ADMET (Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, and Toxicity) characteristics, suggesting its potential for utilization in synthesizing novel antibacterial compounds.
Antibacterial Potency and Physicochemical Profiles of Eucalyptus pellita Leaf Waste Essential Oil from PT Surya Hutani Jaya, East Kalimantan Wartomo, Wartomo; Aryani, Farida; Hernandi, Muhammad Fikri; Rositah, Erna; Ngapiyatun, Sri; Sari, Nur Maulida
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 12, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2023.122.693-697

Abstract

Eucalyptus is one of the fast growing species plants, currently used in the pulp and paper industry. The leaves of Eucalyptus are known as forest harvesting waste. This research aim to examine the antibacterial potency and the physicochemical profiles of Eucalyptus pellita leaves waste essential oils grown in PT Surya Hutani Jaya Site 32, East Kalimantan named EP B077. The essential oils distilled using water and steam distillation methods. Analysis of physicochemical profiles from this oil included yield, colour, refractive index, specific gravity, and chemical compositions by GC-MS. Antibacterial activity assayed by agar diffusion method against Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptoccoccus sobrinus and Streptoccoccus mutans with slight modification. The results showed that EP B077 had the yellow colour, yield oils was 0.44%, 1.471 of refractive index, and 0.8706 of specific gravity. Chemical components of EP B077 oils were dominated by α-Pinene (40.36%), 1-β-Pinene (31.75%), Cyclohexene, 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)- (9.64%), Trans(β)-Caryophyllene (4.29%) and Eucalyptol (1,8-Cineole) (3.88%). This EP B077 oils was active to inhibit bacteria against S. epidermidis and S. sobrinus range from 9-15 mm, also against S.mutans ranging from 9-14 mm. Based on the results, this Eucalyptus pellita leaves named EP B077 had potential to develop as a new source of essential oil and antibacterial agents.
Phytochemical Profile and Antibacterial Activity of Nigella Sativa against Biofilm-producing Bacteria Uropathogens Abaka, AbdulAzeez Mumsiri; Dahiru, Mubarak Muhammad; Abubakar, Keta Biman; Luka, Jordana; Abubakar, Aisha; Abdullahi, Tukur Baba; Barau, Saminu Hamman
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 13, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2024.131.141-146

Abstract

This study explores the antibacterial effects of Nigella sativa seeds on bacteria obtained from clinical samples. The aim was to assess the antibacterial properties of both aqueous and methanolic extracts of Nigella sativa seeds against E. coli, S. aureus, and P. aeruginosa. The three samples were collected from the Microbiology Laboratory of Modibbo Adamawa Medical Centre and were reconfirmed using culture, microscopy, and some biochemical tests. The seed samples of N. sativa were procured from herbal point Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria. The phytochemical assay of the extracts revealed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, phenols, cardiac glycosides, steroids, saponins, and terpenoids in both extracts. The highest antibacterial activity against S. aureus, E. coli, and P. aeruginosa was demonstrated by the aqueous extract of N. sativa seeds, with inhibition zone diameters of 19.30 ±0.61 mm, 8.10 ±2.17 mm, and 12.00 ±0.29 mm, respectively. However, the methanol extract exhibited slightly greater activity against E. coli and P. aeruginosa, with inhibition zone diameters of 12.10 ±0.38 mm and 13.80 ±0.40 mm, respectively. Both methanol and aqueous extracts showed minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 25 mg/mL against S. aureus and E. coli. Similarly, for P. aeruginosa, the MIC was 25 mg/mL for methanol extract and 50 mg/mL for aqueous extract. The minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) for both extracts against S. aureus and E. coli was determined to be 25 mg/mL. However, for P. aeruginosa, the MBC was 25 mg/mL for the aqueous extract and 50 mg/mL for the methanol extract. The study indicates that N. sativa seed extract possesses antibacterial properties against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa, underscoring its potential as an effective medicinal antibacterial agent.
Potential of Soursop Leaf Extract as an Antioxidant in MCF-7 Cells Mustofa, Muhammad Samsul; Hadi, Restu Syamsul; Rahmah, Nunung Ainur; Pendrianto, Pendrianto
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 13, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2024.131.265-269

Abstract

The frequency of breast cancer tends to increase. Malondialdehyde (MDA) is a marker of oxidative stress as an end product from the chain reaction of lipid peroxidation. The use of traditional medicine soursopleaf (Annona muricata L.) has been reported for a long time because of its bioactivity as an antioxidant. This study analyzes the relationship between MDA levels and glutathione enzymes in MCF-7 cells given the methanol extract of soursop leaves. The methanol extract of soursop leaves was carried out by infusion method. The methanol extract of soursop leaves was given to cancer cells at several doses with an incubation of 24 hours. The cytotoxic test was carried out using the MTT method. Measurement of MDA levels was carried out using the thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS/TBA) reactivity test method. GSH measurements used the colorimetric method. The results showed that the ethanol extracts of soursop leaves have cytotoxic activity in the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line with IC50 values of 23.96 ppm. Ethanol extract of soursop leaves increased levels of MDA inhibition and GSH level. Soursop leaf extract could increase MDA inhibition GSH level in human breast cancer cells MCF-7.

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